KR980008619U - Lubrication Structure of a Variable Capacity Swash Plate Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lubrication structure of a compressor for variable-capacity compression of a refrigerant fluid of an automobile air conditioner, and includes an oil dam communicating with a bearing on an inner wall surface of a crank chamber of a front housing to lubricate the inner wall of a front housing. Lubrication of variable displacement swash plate type compressor that minimizes frictional heat, abrasion, and noise caused by friction by supplying more lubricating oil to the bearing and the friction surface between each other to be lubricated by flowing into the bearing with liquid lubricant. It's about structure.

Description

Lubrication Structure of a Variable Capacity Swash Plate Compressor

The present invention relates to a compressor for variable-capacity compression of a refrigerant fluid of an automobile air conditioner, and more particularly, a crank of a front housing for lubrication of a bearing installed between a central shaft hole and a drive shaft of a front housing to support a drive shaft. A lubrication structure of a variable displacement swash plate type compressor which forms a lubrication structure on a chamber inner wall. In particular, an oil dam connected to the inner wall surface of the crank chamber of the front housing by a bearing is installed, and the lubricant oil deposited on the inner wall of the front housing can be collected and flowed into the bearing as a liquid lubricant.

In general, an automobile is provided with an air conditioner for cooling indoors and cooling the indoor air by injecting cooled air into a room for a pleasant environment in summer.

In the air conditioner as shown in FIG. 5, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 100 is liquefied by the condenser 101 and expanded by the expansion valve 102 to provide low temperature and low pressure. After cooling to ambient air by the latent heat caused by the evaporator 103, and then to the compressor 100 through the accumulator 104 to maintain the proper amount of refrigerant and remove moisture in the air conditioner system. The inhalation cycle is shown. (In the drawing, the arrow shows the flow state of the refrigerant gas) Here, an example of a variable displacement swash plate type compressor is shown in FIG. 3, which will be briefly described as follows.

As shown, in the variable displacement inclined plate type compressor, a cylinder block 110 having a plurality of cylinder bores 111 is disposed at a central portion thereof, and a piston 112 is installed in the cylinder bore 111 so as to be movable back and forth. have. The front end of the cylinder block 110 forms a closed crank chamber and is closed by the front housing 20, and the rear end thereof is closed by the rear housing 130 via the valve plate 134. The rear housing 130 is formed with a suction chamber 131 and a discharge chamber 132 communicating with the cylinder bore 111. In the crank chamber 121 between the cylinder block 110 and the front housing 20, a drive shaft 140 is provided in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bore 111. The rear end of the drive shaft 140 is supported by the central shaft hole 114 of the cylinder block 110 through the bearing 142, and the central shaft hole 122 of the front housing 120 through the bearing 143 also in the front end portion. Is supported. In addition, a spring 145 is elastically supported between the bearings 142 at the rear end of the drive shaft 140 to prevent the drive shaft 140 from flowing in the axial direction. The stopper of the driving shaft 140 is formed with a guide 141 protruding in the axial perpendicular direction. The guide 141 is connected to the drive shaft 140 and the rotatable support 150 rotatable in the crank chamber 121 via a hinge mechanism. The hinge mechanism consists of a long hole 141a formed in the guide 141 and a hinge pin 141b fixed to the rotary support 150 at an engagement surface with the long hole 141. A sleeve 144 is interposed between the rotation support member 150 and the drive shaft 140, and the sleeve 144 is slidably installed in the axial direction of the drive shaft 140, and an outer surface thereof has a sleeve in an axially perpendicular direction. The pin is installed and engaged with the installation hole of the rotary support, but is not shown. The rear side of the rotary support 150 is provided with a socket swash plate 151 connected to the piston 112 and the piston rod 112a. One end of the socket swash plate 151 is engaged with the guide rod 115 provided in the crank chamber 121 in the axial direction so as to be movable back and forth. In this way, the rotary support 150 and the guide 141 is rotatable in synchronization with the drive shaft 140, the rotary support 150 is capable of inclination angle displacement via the guide 141 and the sleeve 144. In addition, while the socket swash plate 151 is inclined angular displacement is made in synchronization with the rotary support 150 via the guide rod 115, it is not to rotate in the crank chamber 121. In addition, the cylinder block 110 has a communication hole 113 communicating with the discharge chamber 132, and the communication chamber 113 opens and closes the communication hole 113 with the discharge chamber 132 in the discharge chamber 132. The control valve 133 which controls the pressure of 121 is provided. In the compressor configured as described above, the inclined rotary support 150 rotates in synchronism with the driving of the drive shaft 140 to transmit the front and rear swing to the socket swash plate 151. At this time, the front and rear swing reciprocates each piston 112 connected to the socket swash plate 151 by the piston rod 112a in the cylinder bore 111. In the reciprocating process of the piston 112, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the cylinder bore 111 in the suction chamber 131 of the rear housing 130, and the refrigerant gas is compressed and discharged into the discharge chamber 132.

The compression capacity of the refrigerant gas discharged to the discharge chamber 132 is controlled by adjusting the output in the crank chamber 121 according to the control valve 133. That is, for example, when the control valve 133 opens the communication hole 113 in which the crank chamber 121 and the discharge chamber 132 communicate with each other, since the back pressure acting on the piston 112 is increased, the rotary support 150 Angle of inclination becomes small. That is, the hinge pin 141b fixed to the rotary support 150 slides backward from the long groove 141a of the guide 141, and the sleeve 144 is retracted while the rotary support 150 is the sleeve 144. It swings backwards about the pin and swings backwards. Then, the socket swash plate 151 swings backward through the rotation support member 150 and the sleeve 144, and the inclination angle becomes small. In this process, the smaller the socket swash plate 151, the shorter the reciprocating stroke of the piston 12, the smaller the compression capacity of the refrigerant gas. On the other hand, such a variable capacity swash plate type compressor is mixed with the lubricating oil of the atomized state in the refrigerant gas, so as to form an oil film with lubricating oil on the friction surface between the high speed reciprocating motion of the piston 112 and the high speed rotational motion of the drive shaft 140, In order to achieve the drive, the lubrication is sufficiently performed on the operating member in contact with the refrigerant gas of the crank chamber 121, but the bearing of the drive shaft 140 that does not directly contact the refrigerant gas, in particular, the center of the front housing 120 The bearing 143 in the shaft hole 122 cannot directly contact the lubricating oil injected into the crank chamber, such as refrigerant gas, so as to lubricate it so as to extinguish the working load caused by the rotational movement of the drive shaft 140. The structure is provided separately. In the lubrication structure of the variable displacement swash plate type compressor, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lubrication passage 123 is formed on the inner wall surface of the front housing 120 in communication with the central shaft hole 122. A shaft seal 124 is provided outside the central shaft hole 122 to prevent lubricating oil from being discharged to the outside while lubricating the bearing 143 and to achieve a closed state of the crank chamber 121. . According to the conventional lubrication structure, the lubricating oil in the atomized state mixed in the refrigerant gas introduced into the crank chamber 121 flows into the bearing 143 through the lubrication passage 123 formed in the front housing 120 to lubricate. As a result, friction between the drive shaft 140 and the bearing 143 can be reduced.

However, in the lubrication structure of the conventional variable displacement swash plate type compressor, since the lubricating oil mixed in the refrigerant gas and lubricating around the bearing 143 is formed in an atomized state, the amount of lubricating oil flowing through the lubricating passage 123 to the bearing 143 is extremely small. There is a small amount that can lead to a satisfactory condition, so that sufficient lubrication cannot be satisfied. In addition, there was a need for a separate work process that requires processing of the lubrication passage 123 in the front housing 120. Accordingly, the present invention has been devised in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the lubrication structure of the variable displacement swash plate type compressor that collects the lubricating oil on the inner wall of the front housing and flows the lubricating oil into the drive shaft bearing as a lubricating oil in the liquid state to lubricate it. The purpose is to provide.

1 is a cross-sectional side view showing a lubrication structure of a variable displacement swash plate type compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing the internal structure and lubrication structure of the conventional variable displacement swash plate type compressor.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG.

5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a general vehicle air conditioner.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cylinder block 20 Front housing 22 Central shaft hole

23: oil dam 23a: wing side 23b: guide groove

When explaining the embodiment of the present invention in more detail based on the accompanying drawings as follows.

The lubrication structure of the variable swash plate type compressor according to the embodiment of the present invention employs the conventional variable displacement swash plate type compressor shown in FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. If omitted, the cylinder block 10 having a plurality of cylinder bores 11, the piston bore 11 is provided in the cylinder bore 11 so as to be movable back and forth, the front end of the cylinder block 10 The front housing 20 which forms the closed crank chamber 21, the rear housing 30 which closes via the valve plate 34 at the rear end of the cylinder block 10, and the cylinder bore in this rear housing 30. Bearings 42 and 43 between the suction chamber 31 and discharge chamber 32 formed in communication with 11, the central shaft hole 14 of the cylinder block 10, and the central shaft hole 22 of the front housing 20. The drive shaft 40 is installed through, the rear end of the drive shaft 40, the drive shaft 40 is self-flowing in the axial direction A return spring 45 that is elastically supported to prevent it from being opened, and a rotational support 50 rotatably synchronous with the drive shaft 40 in the crank chamber 21 via a hinge mechanism at the front end guide 41 of the drive shaft 40. ), The piston 44 and the piston rod 12a, which are installed on the rear side of the sleeve 44 and the rotary support 50, which are slidably axially interposed between the rotary support 50 and the drive shaft 40. It is installed in the communication hole 13 to communicate with the socket swash plate 51, the discharge chamber 32 and the crank chamber 21, and the discharge chamber 32, and opens and closes the communication hole 13 with the discharge chamber 32. In the variable displacement swash plate type compressor composed of a control valve 33 for controlling the pressure of the chamber 21, the oil dam 23 is formed on the inner wall surface of the crank chamber 21 of the front housing 20 to the bearing 43. It is characterized in that it is formed in communication with the installed central shaft hole 22 as a basic feature on the technical configuration. On the other hand, the oil dam 23 is composed of a wing piece (23a) for collecting the lubricating oil on the wall surface of the front housing 20, and the guide groove (23b) for guiding the collected lubricating oil into the central shaft hole (22).

In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes a shaft seal which prevents lubricating oil from being discharged to the outside of the central shaft hole 22 while lubricating the bearing 43 and at the same time achieves a sealed state of the crank chamber 21. Referring to the operation of the subject innovation is configured as follows.

Crank chamber 21 in the process of forming an oil film as lubricating oil on the friction surface between the piston 12 during the high-speed reciprocating motion of the piston 12 and the high-speed rotational motion of the drive shaft 40 to achieve a smooth drive in the refrigerant gas. The lubrication of the operating member which is in contact with the refrigerant gas of the same) is conventional, and small particles are formed while the atomized lubricating oil mixed in the refrigerant gas introduced into the crank chamber 21 contacts the inner wall surface of the front housing 20. do. The lubricating oil thus formed, that is, the lubricating oil deposited on the wall surface is collected by the wing pieces 23a of the oil dam 23 installed on the inner wall to communicate with the central shaft hole 22 to form a lubricating oil in the liquid state. The lubricating oil in the liquid state collected in the blade piece 23a of the oil dam 23 flows around the bearing 43 of the central shaft hole 22 along the guide groove 23b thereof, and the driving shaft 43 is in contact with the bearing 43. An oil film is formed at 40.

Therefore, the present invention lubricates the bearing 43 by lubricating oil gathered in a liquid state from the wall of the front housing 20, so that it is mixed in the refrigerant gas and lubricated to the bearing 143 through the lubrication passage 123 in the atomized state. The lubricant is supplied more sufficiently than the structure. On the other hand, the oil dam according to the present invention has a structure that is installed on the inner wall surface of the front housing 20, the conventional lubrication passage 123 is communicated from the inner wall of the front housing 120 to the bearing 143 of the central shaft hole 122 ) Will be easier to install than the structure to machine). As described above, the present invention forms an oil dam communicating with the bearing on the inner wall of the crankcase of the front housing, collects the lubricating oil on the inner wall of the front housing, and flows the lubricating oil into the bearing as a lubricating oil so that the bearing and the mutual By supplying more lubricating oil to the friction surface of the liver, it is possible to minimize frictional force, abrasion, noise, etc. due to friction.

Claims (2)

A plurality of cylinder bores 11 are formed in the crank chamber 21 in the front housing 20, the suction chamber 31 in the rear housing 30, the discharge chamber 32 and the cylinder block 10 connected thereto. Pistons 12 are reciprocally accommodated in the respective cylinder beams, and are installed in the central shaft hole 22 of the front housing 20 and the central shaft hole 14 of the cylinder block 10 through bearings 42 and 43. The rotary support 50 located in the crank chamber 21 is rotatably installed at the drive shaft 40 and is displaced in an inclined state via the sleeve 44 between the hinge mechanism and the drive shaft 40. On the rear side of the rotary support 50, the socket swash plate 51 engaged with the piston 12 and the piston rod 12a is installed to be capable of synchronous inclination displacement, and the socket swash plate (c) is formed by the pressure in the crank chamber 21. In the variable displacement swash plate type compressor configured to change the compression capacity by controlling the inclination angle of 51), Lubrication structure of the variable displacement swash plate type compressor, characterized in that the oil dam 23 is installed in the crank chamber 21 inner wall surface of the front housing 20 to communicate with the central shaft hole 22 in which the bearing 43 is installed. The oil dam 23 is a wing piece (23a) for collecting the lubricating oil on the wall surface of the front housing 20, and the guide groove (22b) for guiding the collected lubricating oil to the central shaft hole (22). Lubrication structure of a variable displacement swash plate type compressor, characterized in that consisting of. ※ Note: This is to be disclosed based on the first application.