KR970008065B1 - Process for making puffed tobacco leaves in high temperature air - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for puffing a leaf tobacco is composed of i)treating the leaf tobacco with water vapor to give the moisture content of leaf tobacco of 12-22 wt.%, ii)contacting the treated leaf tobacco with overheated steam with a temperature of 120-450 deg.C and a saturated pressure of 0-4.5 kg/cm2 for 0.06 sec to 8 min in a rotary feeder in which water vapor is filled and supplied at a speed of 4-50 m/sec.

Description

New leaf tobacco expansion method using hot gas.

The present invention relates to a method of continuously swelling by instantaneous contact of hot gas or superheated steam to the leaves of plants, particularly leaf tobacco or edible plants.

Given a reversible thermal change in any material, the molecular momentum of the material in the components that make up the material proceeds rapidly, creating pressure within it.

In other words, when a substance is injected into a region in which energy, such as steam, superheated steam or heated air, or heat radiation microwave, has a high caloric value, the molecular momentum inside the substance is rapidly increased, and in the turbulent region in which the fluid flows at a high speed. In the most efficient uniform heat transfer in a short time, the vaporized substances saturated inside the sample explode by explosive pressure formed from the inside of the material.

Leaf tobacco is dried and matured after harvesting to remove moisture and volatile contents, so it is subjected to ripening and processing while maintaining a volume that is in a much larger contracted volume than the original bioleaf. When the above-mentioned high-calorie energy is reacted to the cells and tissues of the shrunken leaf tobacco, the moisture content in the leaf tobacco is instantaneously diffused in three-dimensional direction, and at this time, voids occur in the leaf tobacco cells or in the tissues and the gaps between them. Is increased. In other words, if the bubble layer is sufficiently formed in the expanded inner layer of cells or tissues, the apparent volume of the leaf tobacco is increased, and the external physical pressure that the sliced vinegar is applied unevenly during processing and hoisting, or the temperature and humidity storage conditions are changed. In the meantime, it maintains a constant cylindrical system.

Studies on these tobacco treatment methods have been studied by several people. As a representative example, US Pat. No. 4,407,306 describes a method for treating with a high temperature rapid superheated steam, and US Pat. No. 4,414,987 describes a method for expanding using an instant heat medium in a manner not using a swelling agent separately. . U.S. Patent No. 4,458,700 also discloses a method of dilation by instantaneous treatment at high temperature and high speed during processing. U.S. Patent No. 4,791,942 describes a method of swelling due to the pressure difference that occurs when a saturated sample tube filled with tobacco sample is filled with pressure and then abruptly released. U.S. Patent 4,844,101 uses a wheel feeder A method of feeding and expanding a mixed gas phase of air and steam with velocity is described. U.S. Patent No. 4,911,182 also describes a method of attaching an auxiliary supply to the top of an outlet before the tobacco material reacts with the media to automatically feed by a certain amount and swell.

The present inventors regulate the water content of the leaf tobacco before puffing and preheat or cool it in order to preliminarily maintain entropy for tobacco material in the course of studying the method for the leaf tobacco to expand more efficiently. The present invention has been accomplished by arbitrarily adjusting the time at which heat transfer is reached and limiting the expansion temperature and the flow rate of the heating medium to a specific range, thereby improving the expansion rate.

According to the present invention, it is preferable that the leaf tobacco before the peace treatment, in particular, the herbaceous water maintains a moisture content of about 12-22%, and the moisture content of the each herb is supplied with steam at a preheating temperature of −5 ° C. to 140 ° C. and a saturation pressure of 0 to 4.5 kg / cm 2. To saturate. In this way, the grass that is harmonized with the proper moisture content of 12-22% is supplied to the expansion zone with 120-450 ° C heated air or superheated steam supplied at 4-50m / sec, and is heated so that the grass and the heated air or superheated steam are in uniform contact. Supply it with one turbulence.

In case of using swelling treatment for whole tobacco leaf vinegar by installing swelling device in specific part of foliar treatment process, part of processing process can be shortened and production cost can be reduced because cigarette cigarette weight can be reduced. Greatly reduced. In addition, since the specific gravity of the cigarette is reduced and the hardness is improved, a moderate amount of smoke is uniformly maintained from the beginning to the end of smoking, and the fast burning property is maintained to increase the smoking feeling, and the overall appearance system of the cigarette is also beautiful. In order to enhance the taste of cigarettes, it is possible to obtain high permeability and coordination even in the fragrance treatment process applied to tobacco citrus. I could get rid of it. After heat treatment, the amount of amino acids decreased and the amount of pyrazine increased, as in the conventional toast treatment method. By swelling all of the mixed vinegar, the variance of physical properties among the leaf tobacco ingredients that make up the vinegar is reduced, which maintains a uniform level of physical properties and taste, and also improves the harmony of the taste simultaneously. In addition, it is possible to instantaneously eliminate cigarette bugs and eggs contained in the raw material by swelling the entire compounded herb, and the expanded edible herb can be mixed and mixed with the foliar mixture of the raw material at a constant ratio. As the air contained in the bubble sac is supplied during combustion, gaseous substances such as degassed, nicotine, and carbon monoxide, such as cigarettes, are also reduced.

In particular, by treating edible plants such as green tea leaves, green onions, peppers, and onions other than tobacco substances with the above-mentioned swelling method, not only the microorganisms (E. coli, bacteria, bacillus, Schudomonas, etc.) contained in the sample are removed, but also the plants. In the case of extracting the contents contained in it, a high extraction yield can be obtained in a short time. On the other hand, when dissolving the pulverized powder in water or other solvents, the dissociation rate is fast and the process is simple, which greatly improves the preparation of instant food. It can be utilized.

Currently, the tobacco processing industry has developed a swelling method for leaf tobacco and stem using a volatile organic solvent and other inert gas. Most organic solvents and inert gases do not completely secure their own physicochemical stability and contain harmful effects to humans and to the environment. However, when the tobacco leaves are expanded using pure water vapor or air media, the above-mentioned inhibitors Resolved.

Particularly, according to the present invention, each herb is continuously supplied to the rotary feeder at a constant amount prior to administration to the expansion tube in which the swelling is supplied, and the water content is adjusted to about 12-22% of moisture, followed by heating air or the rotary feeder. Contact with the superheated steam causes the herbicide to instantly disperse, resulting in three-dimensional heat transfer, swelling the tobacco leaf tissue as the moisture contained in the tissue of the herb expands. At this time, it is good to let each grass and the hot air or superheated steam to be in contact for 0.06 seconds to 8 minutes.

Specifically, the expansion method according to the present invention will be described as an example by supplying the water vapor to the rotary feeder by a predetermined amount to adjust the water content to 12-22% moisture content and then heated air or superheated steam at 120-450 ° C. It feeds at 4-50m / sec and disperses the vinegar by transferring it to the expansion tube while making the vinegar disperse and making instant contact with heated air or water vapor.

When mixing sample and vapor medium into the expansion tube, connect it with a nozzle-type expansion tube so that sufficient turbulence occurs in the expansion tube. It is important to increase the Reynolds number of the fluid in the dilator tube so that long grasses and particles transported in this region are uniformly mixed with the vapor medium without entanglement to allow temporary heat transfer in a short instant. Furthermore, by inserting and floating a solid material having a certain size and specific gravity in the expansion tube, it is possible to control the expansion ratio and physicochemical properties desired by extending the residence time through the expansion tube. The expansion tube may have various shapes and shapes other than the vertical type and the inclined type depending on the arrangement, but it is preferable to use a vertical tube to maintain the mixing of the sample and the uniform dispersed phase in the tube. On the other hand, the expansion pipe is required to be properly designed because the expanded dry leaf tobacco is easily broken in the expansion, contraction and bending flow in the pipe. Debris during expansion may be affected by expansion temperature, residence time in expansion tube, collision between material particles and rotation with mechanical device during rotation separation in separator after expansion. It depends on. When moisture is low, the peace rate remains high, but the crumbs and chromaticity of the sample change a lot. On the other hand, when the moisture content is high, the swelling rate is low. Therefore, in order to maintain the basic physical properties of the leaf tobacco, each herb, including the appropriate water content, glycerin, sol beetle, polypropylene glycol, etc. may be added to a weight ratio of 8.0%. Appropriate swelling ratio in the tobacco processing process showed that cutting was most suitable in the water content of 18-22%.

By placing a nozzle under the horizontal type panda comb, the leaf tobacco material can be sprayed with superheated steam with a certain amount of heat when it is transported by vibration.The superheated steam can be sprayed through a nozzle installed inside or on the wall using a rotary kiln. Spraying may temporarily cause the tobacco material to heat exchange to swell. In high-temperature rotating fluids, low specific gravity expanded tobacco and vapor are not difficult to separate by horizontal and vertical separators, but more suitable specifications are required than designs when separating leaf tobacco prior to expansion. Since the water content of puffed kerosene coming out through the separator outlet after puffing is 3.5-8% level, it is again 12-14.0% level using a humidifier.

Example 1

While supplying the yellow seedlings (third lobe third / thin lobe three), which are supplied from the sheath source, to the rotary feeder, inject water vapor into the rotary feeder to adjust the water content of the keratin to be shown in Table 1 below. The air heated at 270 ℃ into the expansion pipe is formed to form a turbulent flow at a flow rate of 40m / sec. The grass and the air are in contact with each other for 5 seconds to transfer heat to the inside of the grass, expanding the moisture inside the grass. Allow to swell.

The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

(Table 1.Swelling rate of leaf tobacco by moisture during high temperature gas treatment)

(Yeloma: 3 posterior leaves / 3 night thin leaves)

Note 1: Sample moisture content 12.0 ± 0.5%

Note 2: Use of densitometer by Heinleborgwald Company

Example 2

Experiment using the method of Example 1 but maintaining the water content of the sample to 18.1% and changing the treatment temperature as shown in Table 2.

The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

(Table 2. Expansion rate of leaf tobacco by temperature during high temperature gas treatment)

(Yeloma: 3 posterior leaves / 3 night thin leaves)

Note 1: Moisture of sample when measuring swelling: 12.0 ± 0.5%

Note 2: swellability meter: using Dennmeter from Heiner-Borgwald Company

Example 3

Using the method of Example 1 and Example 2, but was tested according to the leaf fraction grade of the tobacco leaf varieties. Experimental results The results are shown in Table 3.

(Table 3. Expansion rate at high temperature steam treatment according to foliar grade of each variety)

Steam temperature during expansion: 270 ℃

Flow rate in expansion tube: 18m / sec

Claims (3)

After treating tobacco leaf tobacco with water vapor, it is adjusted to water content 12-22% and treated with 120-450 ℃ heating air or superheated steam supplied at 4-50m / sec to give instant heat transfer to the inside of each grass. Leaf tobacco expansion method to convey and expand. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco leaf weeds are saturated with a preheating temperature of -5 ° C to 140 ° C, a saturation pressure of 0-4.5kg / cm 2 using steam in a rotary feeder and then treated with hot gas. The method of claim 1 wherein the heated air treatment takes place from 0.06 seconds to 8 minutes.