KR970003356B1 - Electric incandescent lamp and blown glass bulb thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

None.

Description

Electric incandescent lamps and blown glass bulbs suitable for use thereon

1 is a side elevational view of a first embodiment of a lamp with a lamp vessel in an axial section;

2-5 show a blown glass bulb coated with a mirror in an axial cross section suitable for use in the second embodiment of the lamp.

6 shows a change in the bulb of 2 to 5 degrees in the axial cross section.

7 is a partial axial side elevation view of another embodiment of a lamp

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2: axis of symmetry 3: maximum diameter

4: neck-shaped wall portion 11: filament

8, 8 'and 48, 48' and 68, 68 ': second wall portion 9, 9' and 49, 49 'and 69, 69': third wall portion

The present invention relates to an electric incandescent lamp, said incandescent lamp having an symmetric axis, a maximum diameter intersecting the axis of symmetry, a free end of said wall with a lamp cap having a necked first wall part and an electrical contact behind the maximum diameter, internally A second concave second wall portion, an internally concave third wall portion, an internally concave fourth wall portion disposed facing the lamp cap at the front of the maximum diameter, a spirally wound filament arranged around an axis of symmetry in a plane intersecting the axis, the arrangement And a blown glass container sealed by a mil vacuum method, provided with a means for holding the finished filament, and a current supply conductor for interconnecting the contact portion on the lamp cap and the filament.

Lamps of this type are known from US Pat. No. 2,110,590.

In the known lamp, the second wall portion with the reflector arranged in the neck-shaped wall portion is semi-elliptical in axial cross section. The third wall portion is a branch of the parabola pivoted around an axis that is flat to the parabolic axis. The parabolic axis is located between the branch and the pivot axis of the parabola. The two walls are mirror coated and the foci placed on the circle coincide and the filaments are arranged in plane through the focal point.

Known lamps provide a solution to the problem of parabolic reflectors where the focal plane becomes too anaerobic if the filaments are mounted in a deep reflector to obtain a satisfactory generated light beam, and also avoids the transversal dimensions of the lamps exceeding conventional sizes. Done.

As with known lamps, the branches of the parabola are moved away from the axial cross section, and the lamp vessel is wider at the focal plane. And in the focal plane the filament is located in the narrow part of the lamp vessel further away from the maximum diameter of the lamp vessel. Therefore, a disadvantage of known lamps is that only filaments that consume relatively little power can be mounted in the lamp vessel to prevent the lamp vessel from overheating.

Electric lamps with power values between 15 and 100 watts, for example 15, 25, 40, 60, 75 and 100 watts intended to be operated at mains voltage, are manufactured in various forms. The shape and size of the interior of the lamp, such as the completion, coating or processing of the lamp vessel wall as well as its form and means for holding the arranged filaments, are different.

Electrical incandescent lamps operating at mains voltage in the power range have mirror coated and parabolic curved walls facing glazed (slightly-scattering) or colored windows due to the etching process. A lamp as described in US Pat. No. 2,110,590 described above,-a lamp having a spherical lamp bulb that is transparent or coated in white or colored with a light scattering layer, facing a conical wall portion and a neck-shaped wall portion adjacent to the neck-shaped wall portion A lamp having a curved wall portion, a lamp having a necked wall portion facing a spherical wall portion provided with a mirror coated or white light-scattering coating.

The conical wall portion has a white or colored light-scattering layer and the curved wall portion only slightly scatters, in this case colored. These lamps emit light on all sides but supply higher brightness along the axis in a direction farther from the necked wall than in the other direction.

The manufacture of most of these lamp types is very complicated due to the variety of lamp container types that require their own supply and lead-out mechanisms and their own means of transport between production machinery and also their respective packing. . Thus, the readjustment of the production machine from one lamp type to another is very laborious. Another complexity of its manufacture requires its own means of holding the filaments in which the various forms of lamps are arranged.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric incandescent lamp having a blown glass lamp container formed in such a way that this lamp container may have an optional processing operation or coating to realize the lamp from various other forms. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a blown glass lamp bulb suitable for use in a lamp such as an electric incandescent lamp.

According to the invention, in the electric incandescent lamp of the type described at the outset, this object is-in the axial cross section, the second wall portion extends transversely between the neck-shaped wall portion and the maximum diameter according to the arc of the circle, the bending center being On the other side of the axis of symmetry, located in front of the largest diameter, in the axis section, the third wall portion is bent along an arc of a circle and extends axially in front of the maximum diameter so that the bend radius is also placed on the other side of the axis of symmetry behind the maximum diameter. The wall portion is gradually merged with the second wall portion in the vicinity of the maximum diameter, and the filament is realized in that it is arranged in the vicinity of the maximum diameter.

Since the second wall portion mainly extends in the transverse direction at the axial cross section, the lamp vessel is significantly widened from the necked wall portion. This is a significant difference from the lamp of US Pat. No. 2,110,590 described above. Although this lamp has a conventional axial dimension, this also brings the possibility of arranging the filaments in the vicinity of the maximum diameter of the lamp vessel and furthermore placing it deep in the lamp vessel, ie relatively close to the neck-shaped wall.

This has a big advantage. For conventional maximum diameters of approximately 60 mm of commercial lamps using low power (eg 25 watts), filaments with relatively high power (eg 75 or 100 watts) can be coalesced in the vicinity of the maximum diameter. At the front of the largest diameter, the lamp has a significant axial dimension such that in the mirror coated embodiment the filaments are surrounded by mirror coated walls over the full range of large spatial angles.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings which show an embodiment of a lamp according to the invention.

In FIG. 1, the electric incandescent lamp is sealed by a mil vacuum method, and the symmetry axis 2 and the first wall part 4 in the form of a neck behind the maximum diameter 3 and the maximum diameter 3 intersecting the symmetry axis are shown. It has the blown glass lamp container 1 which has. The free end of the necked wall portion 4 carries a lamp cap 5 with electrical contacts 6 and 7. The lamp vessel 1 also faces the lamp cap 5 in front of the internally concave second wall portions 8 and 8 ', the internally concave third wall portions 9 and 9' and the maximum diameter 3. It has an internally concave fourth wall portion 10 located. The spirally wound filament 11 is arranged around the axis of symmetry 2 at the plane crossing the axis of symmetry. The lamp has a current supply conductor 13 interconnecting the contacts 6 and 7 of the lamp cap 5 and the filaments 11 and means 12 for holding the arranged filaments.

The second wall portions 8 and 8 ′ are actually curved in the axial cross section along the arc of the circle and extend mainly in the transverse direction between the neck-shaped wall portion 4 and the maximum diameter 3 (the figure shows the neck-shaped wall portion 4). The dimensions of the lamp vessel 1 up to a maximum diameter 3 are wider in the transverse direction than in the axial direction). The transverse direction in which the wall 8 extends means that the bent center 14 is relatively far from the maximum diameter 3.

The third wall portions 9 and 9 'are in the axial cross-section that is curved along the arc of the circle and extend axially in front of the maximum diameter 3 (from the maximum diameter 3 the dimensions of the lamp vessel 1 are transverse). Increase in the axial direction more than in the direction). The wall 9 has a bending center 15 located behind the maximum diameter 3 on the other side of the axis of symmetry 2. The wall portions 9 and 9 'gradually merge with the second wall portions 8 and 8' near the maximum diameter 3.

The filaments 11 are aligned near the maximum diameter 3.

In a preferred embodiment, the fourth wall portion is bent in the axial cross section in a region actually distant from the axis of symmetry along the arc of the circle, with the bend center located in the vicinity of the axis of symmetry and in front of the filament. This embodiment has the advantage that the lamp may be in the form of a dish-mirror lamp. In this case, the lamp has a reflective coating on the wall at the front of the filament. Such a lamp may, for example, instead have a partially white reflective, light transmissive coating on the wall.

1 shows this configuration. The fourth wall portion 10 has annular zones 16 and 16 'far from the axis of symmetry 2 in which the wall portion is actually curved along the arc of the circle in the axial cross section. The bending center 17 of the zone 16 is located in the vicinity of the axis of symmetry 2 and in front of the filament 11. In the zone 18 immediately adjacent to the axis 2, the fourth wall portion 10 may have a large bend radius or may be in the form of an ozave. In FIG. 1, for example, reflective coatings of aluminum, silver, copper / aluminum, gold are given by reference numeral 19. This figure shows that the filament 11 is relatively far from the wall of the lamp vessel 1 in all directions.

The lamp vessel 1 of the same type as in FIG. 1 may be entirely transparent or may actually be frosted. Alternatively this lamp vessel may have a light-scattering coating with a white or colored pigment. In a particular embodiment, the lamp vessel 1 has a white light-scattering coating on the walls 4, 8, 8 ′ and 9, 9 ′ while the wall 10 is glazed or pigmented or It has a slightly pigmented coating. In such a case, the lamp emits more light forward and emits at a relatively less angle relative to the axis 2 in that direction than when the entire lamp vessel is equipped with the same coating. The lamp has less side brightness. In all these embodiments, the same stem 12 can be used to hold the disposed filament 11.

It is of particular importance that the same means and the same stem can be used to hold the same filaments arranged, and also when constructing a lamp according to the invention as a reflecting lamp.

The invention also relates to blown glass bulbs suitable for use in the electric incandescent lamp according to the invention. An important feature of this bulb is that it is mechanically strong. This bulb is therefore suitable for evacuation for the production of vacuum lamps or for the manufacture of mirror coatings.

In Figs. 2 to 5 the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1.

The lamp vessel 21 is provided with a mirror coating 29 on the inner surfaces of the walls 8, 8 ′ and 9, 9 ′, like some of the walls 4.

FIG. 2 shows the radiation path of the light emitted by the filament at point 11 in the direction of the wall 9 ′ and reflected by this wall. Thus, the wall portion 9 'constitutes a screen which prevents light from leaking out at a large angle with respect to the axis 2. The wall portion 9 'is reflected back to the wall portion 8 by the incident light, and the wall portion 8 projects light to the outside through the wall portion 10 as a light window. Although the wall 9 'constitutes a screen for the light beam, it is noteworthy that the wall 9 does not or does not actually interfere with the leaking light reflected by the wall 8.

3 shows that the light beam projected from the point 11 'of the filament to the wall portion 9' is reflected to the wall portion 8 and outwardly by this portion 8 without the wall portion 9 which essentially blocks the light beam. It shows what is projected.

Light rays projected from the point 11 of the filament to the wall portion 8 'are reflected and can be emitted to the outside through the light window 10 without any interference by the wall portion 9' or without actually any interference. This is apparent from FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 also shows that the light beam projected to the wall portion 8 'by the filament at 11' is projected outwardly through the wall portion without any obstruction by the wall portion 9 'or actually without any interference. do.

Considering the symmetry of the bulb 21, there is a corresponding radiation path from this bulb of light incident directly on the wall 8 or wall 9 in the lamp.

Thus, the mirror-coated walls 9 and 9 'have several functions. That is, 1) the emission of light rays at a large angle with respect to the axis 2 is prevented. 2) It cooperates with the main reflector constituted by the wall portions 8 and 8 '. 3) There is practically no interference with the light reflected by this wall.

The beam components shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 are intensely reflected by the light emitted directly without reflection. The mirror coated walls 8, 8 'and 9, 9' are in the full range of spatial angles of approximately 2.5πs so that a substantial portion of the generated light is concentrated in one beam without the reflector body arranged in the necked wall 4 It encloses the filaments 11, 11 'in the finished lamp.

The filaments may be arranged in various forms, for example as open circles or in the form of three sides of an isosceles trapezoid.

In one embodiment of the lamp according to the invention, the parabolic curved wall portion is ups and downs in an area in the vicinity of the necked wall portion. This wall may be rough, frosted or shiny in this area. On the other hand, the wrinkled portion may overlap on the wall portion in the axial cross section. Its width can be reduced with increasing distance towards the necked wall. Such ups and downs can match the luminous intensity in the light beam of the lamp in its reflector design. The creases superimposed on the second wall portion are of great interest because they can form in the bulb while blowing the bulb.

In FIG. 6, the second wall portions 48, 48 ′ of the bulb 41 have an ups and downs in the vicinity of the necked wall portion 4. Corrugations 49 having a width that decreases with increasing distance toward the neck-shaped wall portion 4 overlap at the second wall portion.

Lamps manufactured from the bulbs shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 and having a maximum diameter of 60 mm and a power consumption of 40 watts at 225 volts have filaments arranged in the form of four sides of the dorsal pentagon. This lamp produces a light beam with a center value of 550 cd and a beam width of 2 x 15 degrees. A commercial reflector lamp using the same power and having a maximum diameter of 63 mm produces a beam having a center value of 450 cd at the same beam width. Within this angle range the luminous flux of the lamp according to the invention is 35% greater than the luminous flux of the commercial lamp.

Electric incandescent lamps with mirror coated walls are known from British Patent No. 2,097,997. The mirror coated wall portion, which is significantly widened near the neck of the lamp vessel, forms a parabolic surface in this lamp. Mirror-coded spherical wall portions are disposed facing the wall portions. These two walls are connected by annular walls that actually extend in the transverse direction. Known lamps combine the function normally achieved by dish mirror lamps with external parabolic reflectors. Spherical reflectors project light to parabolic reflectors which have to project light outward.

Known lamps have many disadvantages. The filaments are arranged at the maximum diameter of the lamp vessel, but they are also surrounded by spherical wall portions arranged much closer to the filaments. As a result, this lamp can only contain filaments that use relatively low power.

The spherical wall projects light onto a parabolic mirror coated wall but also screens off a substantial portion of this wall. This is because the spherical wall portion must be relatively bulky in terms of heat. Finally, due to its shape, known lamp containers are relatively mechanically weak.

In a particular embodiment of the electric incandescent lamp according to the invention in which the second wall portion and the third wall portion are mirror coated, the annular screen is arranged axially therewith within the lamp screen. This screen is radially enclosed in part by the third wall part and partly by the fourth wall part.

Such screens do not interfere with the passage of light reflected by the mirror coated walls. This screen, on the other hand, prevents light emitted directly by the filament from the mirror-coated wall from the lamp vessel at a relatively large angle with respect to the axis. The screen thus provides higher visual comfort for the lamp, while the luminous flux does not actually become small in the beam of light rays surrounding the axis at a small angle.

The annular screen may, for example, be cylindrical. Instead, it is possible for the screen to be narrowed towards the fourth wall portion. The screen may, for example, be spherically curved, with the radius of curvature coinciding with the geometric center of the filament. Instead, the screen may be non-spherically curved, for example elliptical. If such a narrow screen is reflected, the incident light can be reflected to the second mirror coated wall portion and summed with the light beam focused by this portion.

The screen may be supported by means for holding the filament in place. Another possibility is that the screen is supported by a spring in the wall of the lamp vessel. In a preferred embodiment, the spring cooperates with the reduced width portion of the necked first wall portion in the region where the necked first wall portion is attributed to the second mirror coated wall portion.

In essence, such a reduced width is due to the fact that the surface of the second mirror coated wall portion extends relatively close to the axis and nevertheless the neck shaped wall portion is relatively wider to the vicinity of the lamp cap. The wall portion has the advantage of being relatively wide. Thus, this lamp satisfies the safety requirement that the lamp cap cannot be contacted with a standardized test finger after being arranged in the lamp holder.

7 shows such a lamp. Parts in the drawings corresponding to the parts in FIG. 1 are indicated by their reference numerals plus 60. The lamp vessel 61 has some reduced width 80 in the region where the first necked wall portion 64 is attributed to the second wall portions 68, 68 ′. The second wall portions 68, 68 ′ and the third wall portions 69, 69 have a mirror coating 79.

The annular screen 81 is arranged axially therewithin within the lamp vessel 61. This screen is radially surrounded by a third mirror-coated wall portion 69, 69 ′ and partly a fourth wall portion 70. The screen 81 is supported by elastic wires 82 and 83 that engage with portions of the reduced width 80. The advantage obtained when fixing the screen 81 to the lamp vessel 61 is that the screen can be mounted before the proper process of manufacturing the lamp is carried out. Positioning the screen 81 is simple and accurate. Moreover, this structure is quite shock resistant. The third spring, which is not shown in the figure, is disposed on the finished lamp in front of the spring 83. Screen 81 blocks rays a and b and all the rays between them. Otherwise the light beam is a light beam which will escape from the lamp vessel, ie adjacent light beams of a relatively large angle with respect to light beam a and axis 62. Due to its spherical shape, the screen reflects incident radiation to the second wall portions 68, 68 ', which add this radiation to the beam of rays. The screen may be made of various metals such as aluminum, chromium-nickel steel, molybdenum and the like.

Claims (10)

Axis of symmetry, maximum diameter intersecting the axis of symmetry, free end of the wall portion with a lamp cap having a necked first wall portion behind the maximum diameter and an electrical contact, an internally concave second wall portion, an internally concave third wall portion, maximum diameter A window glass container sealed by means of a mill vacuum method provided with an internally concave fourth wall portion in which a lamp cap is disposed opposite the front of the glass container; A spirally wound filament arranged substantially around an axis of symmetry in a plane intersecting the axis; Means for holding the disposed filaments; In an electric incandescent lamp having a current supply conductor interconnecting a filament and a contact on a lamp cap, in the axial cross section, the second wall portion is bent along an arc of a circle and extends transversely between the neck-shaped wall portion and the maximum diameter The bend center is disposed in front of the maximum diameter on the other side of the axis of symmetry, in the axial cross section, the third wall portion is bent along an arc of a circle and extends axially in front of the maximum diameter, and the bend radius is behind the maximum diameter. Disposed on the other side of the axis of symmetry, the wall portion gradually coalesced with the second wall portion in the vicinity of the maximum diameter, and the filament arranged in the vicinity of the maximum diameter The electric incandescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein the fourth wall portion is actually curved along an arc of a circle in a region far from the axis of symmetry in the axial cross section, and the center of bending is disposed in front of the filament in the vicinity of the axis of symmetry. 2. The electric incandescent lamp of claim 1, wherein the necked wall portion has a reduced width portion in the region where the portion is attributed to the second wall portion. 4. The electric incandescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein the second wall portion and the third wall portion are mirror coated. The electric incandescent lamp according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the second wall portion has a bent structure in the region near the neck-shaped wall portion. 5. An electric incandescent lamp as claimed in claim 4, wherein the annular screen is arranged axially therewithin the lamp vessel, the screen being partially enclosed radially by the third wall part and the fourth wall part. 7. The electric incandescent lamp according to claim 6, wherein the screen is narrowed towards the fourth wall portion. 7. The electric incandescent lamp of claim 6, wherein the annular screen is supported by a spring on the wall of the lamp vessel. 9. The electric incandescent lamp of claim 8, wherein the spring engages with a reduced width portion in the necked wall portion. Blown glass bulbs suitable for use in the electric incandescent lamp claimed in any one of the preceding claims

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