KR960006934B1 - Highly moisture-absorptive fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Super absorbent fiber

1 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of moisture absorption in the humid atmosphere of Experiment 1 in which the highly hygroscopic fiber of the present invention is compared with a known absorbent fiber;

2 is a graph showing the relationship of moisture absorption in the humid atmosphere of Experiment 2, in which the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention are compared with known absorbent fibers;

3 is a graph showing the hygroscopic and moisture resistant properties of the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention;

4 to 12 are enlarged schematics showing an embodiment of the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for practical application of a composite fiber material, and in particular to a superabsorbent fiber capable of freely being knitted or woven, having a good feel and feel, and excellent in hygroscopicity and moisture permeability.

As an alternative fiber material for natural fibers, various fibers are usually widely used, including regenerated fibers such as rayon, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, and synthetic fibers such as polyurethane, nylon, polyester, acrylic, polyethylene and polypropylene. have. However, these fibrous materials were inferior in both moisture and moisture permeability as well as feel and feel as compared to natural fibers in the case of polyurethane, which is a synthetic fiber material having relatively good hygroscopicity and moisture permeability.

For this reason, it is obtained by grinding natural leather into particle sizes that can pass through 50 to 250 mesh sieves, mixing and kneading these particles with synthetic resins such as nylon and vinyl acetate, and spinning the mixture into fine yarns. There was the idea that a composite fiber material should be used to improve hygroscopicity and feel.

However, when natural leather powder is mixed and kneaded with synthetic fiber material, the synthetic fiber lacks flexibility and is deteriorated due to elongation characteristics, thus deteriorating spinning performance due to adverse effects on spinning machines such as clogging. Is brought about. In addition, natural leather powder blended and kneaded with synthetic fiber materials has a particle size that can barely pass through 50-250 mesh sieves, and the fibers must be designed to be considerably thicker than ordinary fibers, resulting in "thick, hard ( hard, fraglie fibers ". On the other hand, such a composite fiber material has been improved in terms of its water-holding performance, but it is not applicable to actual fiber products because of its low moisture absorption and moisture damping rate, and thus there is little practical use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a composite fiber material that can be put to practical use by improving the composite fiber material by removing various defects thereof, as well as animal leather powder, and removing the defects thereof, and in particular, providing a superabsorbent fiber having the following characteristics: will be.

(1) A composite fiber material that gives a dry feel due to good absorbency.

(2) A composite fiber material with excellent cold protection effect due to inhibitory action for dew condensation.

(3) Composite fiber materials that give a texture and feel similar to natural fibers.

(4) A composite fiber material having good spinning performance.

The superabsorbent fibers of the present invention are made of a chemical fiber material composed of at least one animal protein fiber pulverized into a very fine powder having a size of 0.05 to 15 µm, comprising a polymer of synthetic fiber, semisynthetic fiber or regenerated fiber, or a mixture of two or more kinds of these polymers. It is obtained by mixing and kneading with the polymer and spinning the kneaded composition.

As used herein, the term "animal protein fiber" refers to a generic protein that forms the skin, bones, tendons, hair, hair and feathers of animals, including human hair, often referred to as "collagen fibers" or "keratin fibers." It can be applied not only to new leather but also to all animal skins such as cowhide, cowhide, pigskin and sheepskin. It also includes shells of crustaceans, such as shrimp, lobsters and crabs, often referred to as "chitin".

On the other hand, the term "animal protein fibers ground to very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 micrometers in size" means animal fibers ground to a particle size much smaller than the particle size of the powder passing through the sieve.

In addition, the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention may be spun into a core-sheath structure by coating the surface of another fiber material, such as the compound fiber material described below, with the dough composition, or of fibers formed by the dough composition. The surface may be spun into the core-sheath structure by coating the surface with any other fiber material, such as the chemical fiber material.

In addition, the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention are polymers of synthetic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers or regenerated fibers of at least one kind of animal protein fibers pulverized into very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 μm and water-soluble materials pulverized into very fine powders. It is obtained by mixing and kneading with a polymer of a chemical fiber material consisting of a mixture of more than one of these polymers and spinning the dough composition, but during the spinning process the water-soluble pulverized material is removed by washing and washed out in the fibers, consisting of faded traces. Form a number of pores.

A method of forming pores in a fiber as described above is a chemical treatment that forms such pores as washed out faded traces of a water soluble material. However, as a method of forming pores or slits in the fiber, a material method of forming a slit by curing and shrinking the coating on the sheath surface of the core-sheath structure and a slit or For forming the pores, mechanical methods may be used.

On the other hand, needless to say, hollow yarns or modified cross-section yarns can be produced by changing the nozzle cross-section when spinning the polymer of chemical fiber material. Hollow yarn continuously injects and arranges water-soluble materials in the fiber direction when spun polymers of chemical fiber materials, and then washes the water-soluble materials, which are pulverized into very fine powders, in the spinning process, and continuously washes and discolors them in the fiber direction. It is made by forming a hollow part of the core.

In addition, the modified cross section yarns are partially exposed to the surface of the fiber when spinning the polymer of the chemical fiber material, thereby continuously injecting and arranging the water soluble material in the fiber direction, and spinning the water soluble material pulverized into a very fine powder. It is prepared by washing at so that the surface of the fiber is concave grooved concave in the fiber direction to form faded traces.

The aforementioned water-soluble substances mean organic compounds such as water-soluble gelatin, saccharides such as starch, and salts.

In addition, another superabsorbent fiber of the present invention is a very fine powder of 0.05-15 μm size that is mixed and kneaded with a polymer of synthetic fiber, semi-synthetic fiber or recycled fiber or a polymer of a chemical fiber material composed of a mixture of two or more of these polymers. It is characterized in that the one or more kinds of ground animal protein fibers are pre-dried to have a water content of 300 ppm or less.

In addition, the fibers can be dyed with an acidic dye to obtain a mottled effect.

Specifically, the addition ratio of one or more kinds of animal protein fibers ground to a very fine powder to be mixed and kneaded with the polymer is 1 to 99% by weight.

As the above-mentioned chemical fiber material, the following materials can be used effectively.

Synthetic fiber materials: polyurethane, acrylic, vinylon, vinylidene, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyester, etc.

Semi-synthetic fiber material: Acetate, diacetate, triacetate, etc.

Regenerated Fiber Material: Rayon, etc

Natural leather, one of animal protein fibers, is well known as a material that is very good in absorbency, moisture permeability and feel.

As described above, the fibers of the present invention are configured to mix and knead animal protein fibers pulverized into very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 탆 in size with chemical fiber materials to improve absorbency, moisture permeability and feel.

These improved results are described below.

[Experiment 1]

It is a graph which shows the relationship of the absorption amount in a 1st or wet atmosphere. 30% by weight of cowhide or cowhide ground into a polyurethane resin with a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15㎛ and having an average particle size of 5㎛ was added to the polyurethane resin and mixed. The superabsorbent fiber A of the present invention obtained by spuning in the present invention), the hydrophilic urethane resin yarn B spun in the same thickness as the superabsorbent fibers, and the ordinary urethane resin yarn C were selected as comparative materials.

As is apparent from FIG. 1, the superabsorbent fiber A with the addition of cowhide or cowhide ground to a very fine powder is much better in absorbency than the hydrophilic urethane resin yarn B and the conventional urethane resin yarn C.

[Experiment 2]

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the absorption characteristics when the valence changes from room temperature 23 ° C. and humidity 30% to room temperature 30 ° C. and humidity 80%. FIG. 3 shows the atmosphere at room temperature 30 ° C. and humidity 80% at room temperature 23 ° C. and humidity. This graph shows the absorption characteristics when changed to 30%.

20% by weight of water-soluble gelatin pulverized into 33% by weight of cowhide or cow skin and a powder having a regular particle size of 5 μm, pulverized into a powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 5 μm. After adding to the polyurethane resin and mixing, the fiber-like material of the present invention is obtained by spinning a material such as fiber with 20 denier yarn, washing and removing the gelatin in the spinning process to create a number of washed and faded traces in the fiber. Nylon resin yarn D and ordinary urethane resin yarn E spun in the same thickness as A and yarn A were selected as comparative materials.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, Yarn A is much better in both absorbent and moisture-desorption compared to nylon resin yarn D and urethane resin yarn E. Therefore, it is evident that Yarn A mixed and kneaded with animal protein fibers has excellent absorbency. And the moisture absorbed by yarn A will be released quickly as the humidity in the atmosphere is lowered.

As is clear from the graph of this experiment 2, the moisture absorbed by the superabsorbent fiber A will be released quickly as the humidity in the atmosphere decreases, and the moisture absorption and release rate is very fast.

As Experiments 1 and 2 are evident from the results, the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention are excellent in terms of absorbency as well as dehumidification. Therefore, when the fibers are knitted or woven into the sheets, and the sheets are used, for example, as clothing, sweat or water vapor can easily move from the high humidity atmosphere on the skin side to the low humidity atmosphere on the open-air side.

This property may be exhibited by the core-sheath structured fiber in which the core fiber is yarn A, and the sheath on the surface of yarn A is a thin film coating of polymer. By spinning the fibers, yarns of chemical fiber materials can be obtained with excellent absorbency and dehumidification.

In addition, since the sheath portion can maintain the spinning properties as a result of the core-sheath structure, a larger weight ratio of animal protein fiber powder can be mixed and kneaded with the core fibers.

The superabsorbent fibers of the present invention having a porous structure are particularly excellent in absorbency and dehumidification, and the porous structure thereof makes the fibers more flexible. Thus, when yarns spun with the present fibers are knitted or woven into a fabric or made into a non-woven fabric and then the fabric is used, for example, as a garment, the garment has a high humidity at the skin side of the sweat. It is easy to move from the atmosphere to the low humidity atmosphere on the outside air side, and also has flexibility.

In addition, with regard to dyeing, at least one animal protein fiber ground to a very fine powder and a water-soluble material ground to a very fine powder are chemicals composed of a polymer of synthetic fibers, semisynthetic fibers or recycled fibers or a mixture of two or more of these polymers. It is exposed on the fiber surface of the fiber material, and also animal protein fibers can be easily dyed with acid dyes, but the chemical fiber material can hardly be dyed with acid dyes, so spot shape will be observed under the microscope.

Therefore, the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention as described above have the following characteristics and can be freely woven or knitted.

(1) Since all kinds of animal protein fibers as well as natural leather can be used, their commercial use can be widely improved.

(2) The animal protein fibers to be added, mixed and kneaded are pulverized into very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 탆 in size, so that very fine fibers can be obtained.

(3) Animal protein fibers pulverized into very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 µm in size are pre-dried to a moisture content of 300 ppm or less before mixing and kneading with the chemical fiber material, thereby ensuring good spinning properties.

(4) a chemical process of adding a water-soluble material ground to a very fine powder to a chemical fiber material, thereby washing it during spinning to form a faint trace, a physical process of forming a slit on the surface of the core-sheath structure, or a fiber Since a number of pores are formed in the fiber by a mechanical process of punching slits or pores on the surface of the fiber, the fiber becomes flexible and its spinning characteristics can be improved.

(5) The porous structure as described above makes it possible to realize rapid moisture absorption or dehumidification.

(6) The animal protein fiber powder is further added by adding animal protein fibers pulverized into a very fine powder having a size of 0.05 to 15 탆 to the chemical fiber material on the core side or the sheath side of the core-sheath structure fibers composed of the core and the sheath. You can add a lot.

Thus, the woven or knitted textile material obtained from the superabsorbent fibers of the above structure has the following characteristics.

(1) It is excellent in absorbency and dehumidification and thus gives a dry feel.

(2) It is similar to the feeling of natural fiber.

(3) Even when used in a low temperature atmosphere, it does not cause condensation and thus suppresses cold feeling.

Also, because of the dyeing properties of the fibers for acid dyes;

(4) The yarns of the fiber bundles composed of the fibers are dyed deeper than the yarns composed only of chemical fiber materials.

therefore;

(5) The yarn of the fiber bundle composed of the fibers can be mixed with the yarn composed only of the chemical fiber material, thereby forming spot patterns on a woven or knitted plain cloth.

That is, the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention not only limit the materials to be added, mixed, and kneaded to natural leather, but also have a very fine fiber having flexibility and moderate dispersibility and excellent dyeing properties and suitable for weaving or knitting. Make it. In addition, the superabsorbent, fiber also has the property that, even when used in a low temperature atmosphere, it never causes condensation due to its excellent fast absorption and dehumidification and excellent water vapor permeability.

Accordingly, textile materials woven or knitted from the present fibers are particularly useful as conventional garment materials as well as materials for sporting goods that can often be sweaty. It can also be used as a lining material for bags, shoes and interior goods, as a base fabric for car interior artificial and synthetic leather such as steering wheel covers, or as a flocked material and bedding (futon) cotton. .

In addition, the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention is because the yarn of the fiber bundle made of the fiber is dyed deeper than the yarn made of only the chemical fiber due to the dyeing characteristics of the fiber to the acid dye, only the yarn and the chemical fiber material of the fiber bundle made of the fiber It is possible to form unique spot patterns on woven or knitted fabrics.

Other various features and additional advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Examples of the superabsorbent fibers of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1

20 wt% of cowhide or cowhide ground into a powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 5 μm is added to the polyurethane resin dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, mixed and kneaded sufficiently to uniformly disperse the dough. The prepared composition. At this time, the ground cow leather or cow leather is dried (pre-drying) at 120 ℃ for 2 hours to have a moisture content of 200ppm. This kneaded composition was wet spun to obtain 100 denier yarns discharged into the fiber bundles.

Pre-drying the cowhide or cowhide powder can prevent end breakage during spinning.

4 is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional view of the present fiber.

In this figure, 1 is a polyurethane resin fiber body, and 2 is pulverized cow leather or cow leather.

Example 2

20 wt% of cowhide or cowhide ground into powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 5 μm, and 20 wt% of water-soluble gelatin ground to an average particle size of 5 μm in dimethyl sulfoxide It is added to the dissolved polyurethane resin and mixed and kneaded sufficiently.

At this time, the pulverized cow leather or cow leather is dried at 120 ℃ for 2 hours or more to have a water content of 200ppm.

Through the process as described above, 10 denier fibers are obtained by wet spinning. In addition, the water soluble gelatin powder added with the cowhide or cowhide is dissolved in water in a spinning bath. On the other hand, by preliminarily drying the cowhide or cowhide, it is possible to prevent thread breakage during spinning.

5 is an enlarged schematic view showing the cross section of the present fiber. In this figure, 1 is a polyurethane resin fiber body, 2 is ground ox leather or cowhide and 3 is pores formed by washed and faded traces of ground water soluble gelatin. The fibers of porous structure are thus obtained.

Example 3

10wt% of cowhide or cowhide ground with a particle size ranging from 0.05-15μm and having an average particle size of 1μm, with a particle size ranging from 0.05-15μm with an average particle size of 1μm Grinded 10 wt% of cow or cow bone, and 20 wt% of water-soluble gelatin, ground to an average particle size of 1 μm, are added to the acrylic resin solution dissolved in dimethylformamide and mixed and kneaded sufficiently. At this time, the ground cow leather or cow leather and the cow or cow bone is dried at 120 ℃ for 2 hours or more to have a water content of 200ppm.

Through the same procedure as described above, two denier very fine fibers are obtained by wet spinning. In addition, the water-soluble gelatin powder added together with the cow skin or cow skin and the cow or cow bone is dissolved in water in the spinning bath. On the other hand, by pre-drying the cow leather or cow leather powder and the cow or cow bone, it is possible to prevent thread breakage during spinning.

6 is an enlarged schematic view showing the cross section of the present fiber. In this figure, 4 is acrylic resin fiber body, 2 is crushed ox leather or cow leather, 5 is crushed ox or cow bone, and 3 is pores formed by washed and faded traces of crushed water-soluble gelatin. Very fine fibers of porous structure are thus obtained.

Example 4

50 wt% of pork skin ground to a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 micrometers with an average particle size of 1 micrometer, and 20 wt% of water-soluble gelatin crushed into a powder having an average particle size of 5 micrometers in acryl dimethylformamide. It is added to the resin solution and thoroughly mixed and kneaded to prepare a uniformly dispersed kneaded composition.

At this time, the ground pig skin is dried for 2 hours at 120 ℃ water content is 200ppm.

The kneaded composition was coated by wet spinning around the periphery of 3 denier core fibers spun from an acrylic resin as a sheath to obtain a 7 denier core-sheath structure fiber. The water-soluble gelatin powder added with the pig skin is dissolved in water in the spinning bath.

7 is an enlarged schematic view showing the cross section of the present fiber. In this figure, A is the core portion constituting the acrylic resin and B is the sheath portion. In sheath portion B, ground pork skin 2 is present in the coating comprising acrylic resin solution 1, and pores 3 are formed by washed and faded traces of the ground water-soluble gelatin. The porous fiber of the core-sheath structure is thus obtained.

Example 5

40 wt% of cowhide or cowhide ground into powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 0.5 μm is added to an acrylic resin solution dissolved in dimethylformamide, mixed and kneaded sufficiently, and uniformly dispersed. Prepare the kneaded composition.

At this time, the ground cow leather and cow leather is dried (pre-drying) at 120 ℃ for 2 hours to have a water content of 200ppm.

This kneaded composition is obtained by wet spinning a fiber of 9 denier core-sheath structure.

Acryl resin was spun and applied as a sheath-like coating around the core fibers obtained through the same procedure as described above to obtain 10 denier core-sheath structure fibers.

As shown in FIG. 8, the fiber has a core-sheath structure in which a very thin sheath B made of acrylic resin is formed around the core fiber A composed of pulverized cowhide and cowhide present in a high mixing ratio in the acryl resin. In this core-sheath structure, a plurality of slit pores 6 are formed by the circumferential tensile force caused when the acrylic resin fibers are cured and shrinked, and the core fibers are exposed through such pores. On the other hand, by drying the cow leather or cow leather 2, the spinning characteristics can be significantly improved.

Example 6

20wt% of cowhide or cowhide ground into powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 5 μm, 20 wt% of ground to a powder having an average particle size of 0.05 to 15 μm A cocoom thread of, and an average particle size of 5 μm are added to the polyurethane resin solution dissolved in dimethylformamide and crushed 20 wt% of water soluble gelatin is mixed well.

At this time, the pulverized ox leather or cow skin and ox or cow bone is dried (pre-drying) at 120 ℃ for 2 hours or more to have a water content of 200ppm.

Through the same procedure as described above, 20 denier fibers are obtained by wet spinning. On the other hand, the water soluble gelatin powder added together with the cow or cow skin and silk yarn is dissolved in water in the spinning volume. On the other hand, by pre-drying the cowhide or cowhide powder, it is possible to prevent thread breakage during spinning.

9 is an enlarged schematic view showing the cross section of the present fiber. In this figure, 1 is a polyurethane resin fiber body, 2 is pulverized cow leather or cow leather, 7 is pulverized silk yarn, and 3 is formed by washed and faded traces of pulverized water soluble gelatin. Porous fibers are thus obtained.

Example 7

20wt% of pigskin ground into powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 1 μm, ground to powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 1 μm. 20 wt% of wool and 20 wt% of water-soluble gelatin pulverized to an average particle size of 5 μm were added to a polyurethane resin solution dissolved in dimethylformamide, mixed and kneaded sufficiently to prepare a uniformly dispersed, kneaded composition. do.

At this time, the ground pork is dried for more than 2 hours at 120 ℃ moisture content is 200ppm.

This kneaded composition is obtained as a fiber of 7 denier core-sheath structure by coating around the periphery of 3 denier core fibers spun with a polyurethane resin as a sheath by wet spinning. The water soluble gelatin added together with the pig skin and wool powder is dissolved in water in the spinning bath.

This fiber has a structure as shown in FIG. In this figure, A is a core part comprised of a polyurethane resin, and B is a sheath part.

In the sheath portion B, crushed pork skin B and crushed wool 7 are present in the coating forming the polyurethane resin solution 1, and the pores 3 are formed by washed and faded traces of the crushed water-soluble gelatin. The porous fiber of the core-sheath structure is thus obtained.

The pore 3 is a washed out faded trace of the additive mixed water soluble material that is formed through chemical treatment to wash off the water soluble material upon spinning. Slit 6 is formed by physical properties that result from thermal and / or phase change of the material.

Further, according to the present invention, it is obvious that the slits or pores can be mechanically formed by moving the cutter or needle back and forth on the inner surface of the fiber extraction nozzle and by acting such a cutter or needle on the fiber surface upon fiber discharge. none.

Example 8

20 wt% of cowhide or cowhide ground into a powder having a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm and having an average particle size of 5 μm and a powder having an average particle size of 5 μm with a particle size ranging from 0.05 to 15 μm. 20 wt% of crab shells, which were ground with quench, were added to the polyurethane resin solution dissolved in dimethylformamide and mixed well.

At this time, the ground cow leather or cow leather is dried (pre-drying) at 120 ℃ for 2 hours or more to have a water content of 200ppm.

Through the process as described above, the kneaded composition is extracted into 20 denier fibers by wet spinning. In this extraction, the water soluble gelatin stretched in the fiber direction is extracted in the cross section of the fiber through a plurality of auxiliary nozzles arranged in the cross section of the nozzle (three in this embodiment). On the other hand, the water-soluble gelatin is dissolved in water in the spinning bath.

11 is an enlarged schematic view showing the cross section of the present fiber. In this figure, 1 is a polyurethane resin fiber body, 2 is ground cow leather or cow skin, 8 is ground crab shells, 9 is a hollow part formed by washed out faded traces of water-soluble gelatin. . Hollow fibers are thus obtained.

On the other hand, it is obvious that the hollow portion in the hollow fiber can be formed in various numbers or shapes by changing the nozzle structure.

Example 9

It is added to the acrylic resin solution dissolved in 20 wt% of pig skin ground to an average particle size of 3 μm and 10 wt% of subsadies dimethylformamide ground to an average particle size of 5 μm and mixed well.

At this time, the ground pig skin is dried (pre-drying) at 120 ℃ for 2 hours or more is 200ppm moisture content.

Through the same procedure as described above, the kneaded composition is extracted through the nozzle into 20 denier fibers by wet spinning. In the cross section of the nozzle, the auxiliary nozzles are arranged inclined to one side. During fiber extraction, water soluble gelatin exposed at one end and stretched in the fiber direction is extracted on the cross section of the fiber through an auxiliary nozzle to obtain a fiber. Water-soluble gelatin, on the other hand, is dissolved in water in a spinning bath.

12 is an enlarged schematic diagram showing a cross section of the present fiber. In this figure, 4 is an acrylic resin fiber body, 2 is crushed pork skin, 7 is crushed silk yarn, and 10 is a concave portion formed by washed and faded scars of water-soluble gelatin. By the structure of the concave portion 10, a fiber having a substantially C-shaped modified cross section is obtained. On the other hand, the modified cross section may be made in various shapes by changing the arrangement of the auxiliary nozzle.

The superabsorbent fibers obtained in Example 1-9 impart that they have good spinning properties without causing any yarn breakage during the spinning process.

While the invention has been described with reference to the most preferred embodiments, it is apparent that various other modifications and changes can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to only specific embodiments thereof. For example, as a polymer of chemical fiber material, a combination of synthetic fiber material, semisynthetic fiber material, and regenerated fiber material may be used.

Claims (24)

After mixing and kneading one or more kinds of animal protein fibers pulverized into very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 μm with polymers of synthetic fibers, semisynthetic fibers or recycled fibers, or polymers of chemical fiber materials made by mixing two or more of these polymers In the superabsorbent fibers formed by spinning the mixed and kneaded composition, the superabsorbent fibers having a porous structure formed by forming a plurality of holes or slits in or inside the fibers. At least one animal protein fiber pulverized into a very fine powder of 0.05 to 15 μm is mixed and kneaded with a polymer made of synthetic fiber, semisynthetic fiber or recycled fiber, or a polymer made of a chemical fiber material made by mixing two or more kinds of these polymers. A superabsorbent fiber having a core-sheath structure formed by spinning the mixed and kneaded composition onto a sheath covering the surface of another fiber. Superabsorbent fibers of porous structure formed by forming holes or slits. After mixing and kneading one or more kinds of animal protein fibers pulverized into very fine powders of 0.05 to 15 μm with polymers of synthetic fibers, semisynthetic fibers or recycled fibers, or polymers of chemical fiber materials made by mixing two or more of these polymers In the superabsorbent fibers having a core-sheath structure formed by the mixed and kneaded composition as a core fiber, and the other fiber around the outside of the core fiber in the form of a sheath, a plurality of holes in or inside the fiber Or a super absorbent fiber having a porous structure formed by forming a slit. The superabsorbent fiber according to claim 1, wherein the finely ground animal protein fibers, which are mixed and kneaded with a polymer of a chemical fiber material, are powders which are pre-dried with a moisture content of 300 ppm or less. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the pores of the superabsorbent fibers of the porous structure is mixed with the finely divided animal protein fibers and a polymer of a chemical fiber material and the kneaded composition is added, and ground into a fine powder mixed and kneaded. And superabsorbent fibers which are washed and faded traces formed upon spinning of the water soluble substance. 2. The superabsorbent fibers of claim 1, wherein each slit of the superabsorbent fibers of the porous structure is a pore structure formed by cure shrinkage of a polymer of a chemical fiber material constituting the sheath portion of the core-sheath structure fibers. 2. The superabsorbent fiber of claim 1, wherein each hole or slit of the superabsorbent fiber of the porous structure is a pore structure mechanically formed by contacting a cutter or a needle from the outside when spinning the chemical fiber material. The method of claim 1, wherein in the wet spinning process of the mixing and kneading composition added, mixed and kneaded to the polymer of the chemical fiber material, the water-soluble substance continuously washed with water in the direction of the fiber in the cross section of the fiber by washing with water A superabsorbent fiber of a porous structure, which is a hollow structure formed by forming a washed-out, faded trace of a hollow phase. The water-soluble material according to claim 1, wherein in the wet spinning process of the mixing and kneading composition added, mixed and kneaded to a polymer of a chemical fiber material, the water-injected material is continuously injected in the fiber direction so that a part in the cross section of the fiber is exposed to the fiber surface. The superabsorbent fibers of porous structure having a heterogeneous cross-sectional structure formed by washing with water to form a washed out faded trace of the water-soluble material. The superabsorbent fiber of claim 1, wherein the fiber is dyed with an acidic dye to form a stained form. 3. The superabsorbent fiber according to claim 2, wherein the animal protein fibers pulverized with fine powder mixed and kneaded with the polymer of the chemical fiber material are pre-dried powder having a moisture content of 300 ppm or less. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the pores of the superabsorbent fibers of the porous structure is added to the mixed and kneaded composition of the animal protein fibers ground to a fine powder and a polymer of a chemical fiber material, and then mixed and kneaded into a fine powder. And superabsorbent fibers which are washed and faded traces formed upon spinning of the water soluble substance. 3. The superabsorbent fibers of claim 2, wherein each slit of the superabsorbent fibers of the porous structure is a pore structure formed by cure shrinkage of a polymer of a chemical fiber material constituting the sheath portion of the core-sheath structure fibers. 3. The superabsorbent fiber of claim 2, wherein each hole or slot of the superabsorbent fiber of the porous structure is a hole structure mechanically formed by contacting a cutter or a needle from the outside when the holes or slots emit a chemical fiber material. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein in the wet spinning process of the mixing and kneading composition added, mixed and kneaded to the polymer of the chemical fiber material, the water-soluble material continuously injected into the fiber direction in the cross section of the fiber is washed with water to wash the water-soluble material. The hollow superabsorbent fiber of a porous structure which is a hollow structure formed by washing and forming a faded trace. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein during the wet spinning process of the blending and kneading composition added, mixed and kneaded to a polymer of a chemical fiber material, water-soluble continuously injected in the fiber direction such that a portion of the fiber is exposed to the fiber surface. A superabsorbent fiber of porous structure having a heterogeneous cross-sectional structure formed by washing a substance with water to form washed and faded traces of the water-soluble substance. The superabsorbent fiber according to claim 2, wherein the fiber is dyed with an acid dye to form a stain. 4. The superabsorbent fiber according to claim 3, wherein the animal protein fibers pulverized into fine powders mixed and kneaded with a polymer of a chemical fiber material are powders which are pre-dried to a moisture content of 300 ppm or less. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein each of the pores of the superabsorbent fibers of the porous structure is added to the mixed and kneaded composition of animal protein fibers pulverized into a fine powder and a polymer of a chemical fiber material, and mixed and kneaded into a fine powder. Superabsorbent fibers with washed out traces formed upon spinning of the water soluble substance. The porous superabsorbent fiber of claim 3, wherein each slit of the superabsorbent fiber of the porous structure is a lifesaving structure formed by cure shrinkage of a polymer of a chemical fiber material constituting the sheath portion of the fiber of the core-sheath structure. 4. The superabsorbent fiber of claim 3, wherein each hole or slot of the superabsorbent fiber of the porous structure is a pore structure mechanically formed by contacting a cutter or a needle from the outside when the holes or slots emit a chemical fiber material. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein in the wet spinning process of the mixing and kneading composition added, mixed and kneaded to the polymer of the chemical fiber material, the water-soluble substance continuously washed with water in the fiber direction in the cross section of the fiber is washed with water. A super absorbent fiber of porous structure, which is a hollow structure consisting of used upper and washed, forming a faded trace. The method of claim 3, wherein in the wet spinning process of the mixing and kneading composition added, mixed and kneaded to the polymer of the chemical fiber material, water-soluble continuously injected in the fiber direction so that a part of the fiber is exposed to the surface of the fiber. A superabsorbent fiber of porous structure having a heterogeneous cross-sectional structure formed by washing a substance with water to form washed and faded traces of the water-soluble substance. The superabsorbent fiber of claim 3, wherein the fibers are dyed with an acid dye to form a stain.

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