KR960004474B1 - Method and apparatus of organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The fermenting method for organic substances comprises (A) drying the organics to the water content of 50-60% under vacuum with agitation ; (B) fermenting dried organics with fixed aerobic microorganisms containing Yeast, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus, which act most vividly at 50-60 deg.C, and more than one vegetable enzymes selected from protease, amilase, lipase and cellulase ; and (C) repeating several times vacuum drying and fermenting processes so that the water content of fermented organics is less than 15%.

Description

Fermentation method and apparatus of organic matter

1 is a block diagram of an organic substance fermentation apparatus according to the present invention.

2a to 2f show the drying and fermentation mechanism of organics according to the present invention.

Figure 3a is a diagram illustrating the decompression means of the present invention.

FIG. 3b is an enlarged view of the vacuum generating unit of the decompression means shown in FIG.

Figure 4 is an illustration of applying the deodorizing means to the fermentation apparatus of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: organic matter 2: fermented seed

10: dry fermentation tank 11: body

12: heat insulating material 13: inlet

14: outlet 15, 15a: lid

16: air inlet port 16a: air volume control valve

17: air outlet 18, 18a: organic matter and fermentation seed feed tank

19, 19a: Conveyor 20: Stirring means

21: stirring shaft 22: pedal

23, 23a: support bearing 24: sprocket

25 motor 26 pulley

30: heating means 31: heater

40: decompression means 41: water tank

42: vacuum generating unit 421: body

422: air inlet 423: pressure water inlet

424: nozzle 426: air inlet

426a: air flow control valve 427: diffusion pipe

43: pimp 44, 44a, 53: hose

45: overflow ball 45a: drain hose

46: water level control ball tower 46a: water supply hose

47, 57: gas exhaust 48: pimp connector

50: deodorization means 51: deodorization container

52: peat moss 54: drain pipe

54a: Drainage control valve 55: pressure water supply pipe

55a: pressure water control valve 56: shower

The present invention relates to the fermentation of organic matter, and more particularly, organic matter that can be fed or composted by efficiently fermenting organic waste generated in large quantities in large restaurants, food service stations, etc., and organic waste generated in food factories and wastewater treatment plants. It relates to a fermentation method and apparatus.

Conventional organic fermentation apparatus has a disadvantage in that the processing speed of the organic material is slow, and also requires a lot of energy since the drying and fermentation process of the organic material at atmospheric pressure.

In addition, in the organic fermenter disclosed in Patent Application Nos. 93-12464 and Utility Model Registration Nos. 93-3483, 93-5173, and 93-6682, filed by the applicant of the present invention, the treatment capacity of the organic material is increased due to the above problems. There is a limit to increase.

Accordingly, the present inventors have attempted to solve the problems of the prior art, and as a result of drying the organic material under reduced pressure using a point where water is cut at 100 ° C. or lower under atmospheric pressure, even when using less energy than the conventional technology. It has been developed a technology that can quickly dry organic fermentation.

After all, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for fermenting an organic material that can quickly dry and ferment the organic material using little energy.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an organic fermentation apparatus that can effectively ferment organic matter.

Fermentation qkdqjq of the organic material to achieve the object of the present invention, the first step of drying under reduced pressure to 50 to 60% moisture content while stirring the organic material to be fermented; Immobilized aerobic microorganisms consisting of yeast, Bacillus subtils, and lactobacillus with 50-60% of activity-optimized temperature under reduced pressure, and protease, amylase, and lipase ), Two steps of fermentation by inputting at least one fermentation seed selected from plant enzymes composed of cellulase (Cellulase); And, it consists of three steps of drying under reduced pressure so that the organic content fermented above to 15% or less moisture.

In the present invention, the three-step process may be repeated several times the drying and fermentation process instead of drying at a time so that the water content of the organic matter within 15%.

In addition, the organic fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, the organic material to be dried fermentation, the moisture inlet and the fermentation seed inlet, the outlet of the fermentation organic material, the air outlet through which the internal air is exhausted when the organic material is dried, and the external air flows during the organic fermentation A dry fermentation tank which can be dried under reduced pressure and fermented with organic air inlet to be installed; Heating means for heating the dry fermentation tank; Stirring means for mixing the organic matter in the dry fermentation tank to allow uniform water evaporation to occur; And a decompression means connected to the air outlet of the dry fermentation tank so as to discharge the air inside the dry fermentation tank to the outside, and a separate deodorization to remove the smell of gas generated during drying and fermentation of organic matter. Means may be further configured.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in detail. These examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely exemplary for describing the present invention in detail.

1 is a block diagram of an organic fermentation apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the apparatus of the present invention is mixed with a dry fermentation tank 10, fermented by the fermentation spawn as illustrated above, and dried and dried under reduced pressure in a sealed state organic matter, the organic fermentation in the dry fermentation tank The stirring means 20, the heating means 30 for heating the dry fermentation tank and the pressure reduction means 40 that can lower the interior of the dry fermentation tank to a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure (400 ~ 650mmHg).

The dry fermentation tank 10 is formed of a body 11 of a dual structure in which the side wall and the bottom surface are filled with the heat insulator 12, and the organic material, the moisture control agent, and the fermentation seed are introduced and the sealed lid thereof 15 is provided with an inlet (13), the outlet formed in the lower portion of the body 11 and the fermentation outlet 14 is provided with a sealing lid (15a) thereof, and formed in the body (11) outside Air inlet 16 is provided with a control valve (16a) (air volume control valve) for adjusting the amount of air flowing into the air, and is formed on the body 11 and connected to the decompression means 40 inside It consists of an air outlet 17 which discharges air.

Stirring means 20 is installed in the dry fermentation tank 10, the outside, formed on the side wall of the stirring shaft 21 and the body 11 of the dry fermentation tank 10 is provided with a sprocket 24 at one end A plurality of pedals 22 which support and support the stirring shaft 21 so that the stirring shaft 21 can be rotated, and which are connected to the stirring shaft 21 to mix and rotate the organic material in the tank 10. ), A motor 25 for driving the sprocket 24 provided at one end of the stirring shaft 21, and a pulley 26 for transmitting the rotational force of the motor 25 to the sprocket 24. do.

Heating means 30 is installed between the side wall and the bottom wall forming the double wall of the dry fermentation tank 10, the heater 31 is attached to the inner wall and the heat source or power source for transmitting power to the heater (31) Not shown).

The decompression means 40 is connected to the air outlet 17 of the dry fermentation tank 10, using a general vacuum pump or a device described later.

Here, reference numeral 1 is an organic material, 2 is a fermentation seed, 18 and 18a are organic matter and a fermentation seed feeder, and 19 and 19a are conveyors.

In the organic fermentation device configured as described above, when the organic material is transported from the supply container 18 through the conveyor 19 and introduced into the inlet 13 of the dry fermentation tank 10, the tank 10 is sealed, that is, the inlet ( 13 and the lids 15 and 15a of the outlet 14 are closed and the stirring means 20, the heating means 30 and the decompression means 40 are operated while the air volume control valve 16a is closed.

That is, since the rotational force is transmitted to the stirring shaft 21 through the pulley 26 by the operation of the motor 25, the pedal 22 is rotated in the tank and the organic material 1 is mixed, the upper and lower positions are It will continue to change. At the same time, power is supplied to the heating means 30 to heat the bath 10 in a state in which the outside is insulated, so that the temperature in the bath is increased, and the air in the tank 10 is decompressed by the decompression means 40. It is exhausted to the outside through the outlet 17.

Therefore, as the temperature in the tank 10 rises and the pressure drops, moisture in the organic material 1 easily evaporates, and drying is performed quickly.

The drying process is preferably maintained at an internal temperature of 60 to 70 ° C. and a pressure of 400 to 650 mmHg of the dry fermentation tank 10 and is performed until the moisture content of the organic material is 50 to 60%.

On the other hand, when the moisture content of the organic material to be put into the dry fermentation tank 10 is high, a proper amount of a moisture control agent such as sawdust, dry busy and the fermentation products according to the present invention for the quick drying of the organic material. The amount of the moisture control agent is appropriately adjusted according to the moisture content of the organic matter, and when the moisture content of the organic matter is 80% or more, it is preferable to drop the moisture content of the organic matter to 80% or less. The moisture control agent is added to allow the organic material to be dried within a proper time, and may not be added when the moisture content of the organic material is 80% or less.

Next, at the time when the moisture content of the organic substance becomes 50 to 60%, the air volume control valve 16a installed in the body 11 of the dry fermentation tank 10 is opened to open the air inlet 16, and the fermentation seedling 2 is opened. Input. Then, the outside air is introduced into the tank 10 so that the internal pressure is at atmospheric pressure level (actually lower than atmospheric pressure since the decompression means is operated), and a small amount of fermented spawn 2 added (eg dried organic matter + moisture regulator). Organic matter is fermented by 100 kg to about 50 to 100 g). The fermentation seed is introduced at this time has already been described above, because their proper activity temperature is 50 ~ 60 ℃ similar to the drying temperature in the tank (10) will cause a high speed fermentation.

When the fermentation of organic matter is completed, the air inlet 16 is closed again, and drying and fermentation are continued until the moisture content of the fermented organic matter becomes 15% or less. This drying and fermentation process may be performed once, and the time required for each process can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the amount of organic materials to be added. The fermentation mechanism of such organic matter is shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (f). That is, the fermentation method of the present invention can be repeatedly carried out one to several times the process of drying under reduced pressure, fermentation.

Finally, when the fermentation of the organic matter is completed, the operation of the stirring device 20, the heating device 30 and the decompression device 40 is stopped and the outlet lid 15a at the bottom of the drying fermentation tank 10 is opened to take out the fermented organic matter. do. Extracted fermented products are used for livestock feed or compost, depending on the type of organic matter.

Subsequently, in order to ferment the organic material, irrespective of the moisture content of the organic material to be added, the organic material is added in a state in which a predetermined amount of the fermented product is left to be dried and fermented again. In this way, if the fermentation product is left in the tank 10, the fermentation seed does not need to be added during the fermentation of the next organic matter, and the fermentation seed after several or dozens of times of fermentation is reduced. In addition, the fermentation product left in the tank 10 serves as a moisture control agent can be easily dried organic matter.

Figure 3a is a diagram illustrating the pressure reducing means of the present invention is a configuration diagram of a device that can be used instead of a vacuum pump, Figure 3b is an enlarged view showing the vacuum generating unit of the pressure reducing means shown in Figure 3a.

Referring to the drawings, the decompression means 40 has the following structure.

That is, a water tank 41 having a gas exhaust port 47 at the upper portion, an overflow port 45 of the driving water connected to the drain hose 45a at one side wall, and a pump connector 48, and the water tank 41. Water level control ball tower 46 for supplying / blocking the driving water introduced into the water supply hose 46a to supply the driving water to the water supply hose 46a, and the pump connector 48 at the bottom of the water tank 41. A pump 43 connected to discharge the driving water to the pressure water, and a pressure water inlet pipe 423 connected to the hose 44a to receive the pressure water discharged from the pump 43 and the exhaust of the drying fermentation tank 10 The air inlet 442 connected to the air outlet 17 by the hose 44 to receive the gas and the diffusion pipe 427 for dissolving or enclosing the exhaust gas introduced into the pressure water to be discharged to the water tank 41 It consists of the vacuum generating part 42 with which the body 421 is equipped.

More specifically, the vacuum generating unit 43 will be described. The air outlet 17 and the hose 44 of the dry fermentation tank 10 are introduced into the spherical body 421 so that the air (exhaust gas) discharged from the dry fermentation tank 10 is introduced. Nozzle 424, air inlet 426 and its air volume control valve to receive the air inlet 422 and the pressure water discharged from the pump 43 to be sprayed into the body 421 426a is provided with a pressure water inlet 423, and the diffusion pipe discharged into the water tank 41 by mixing or stirring the driving water and gas flowing into the air inlet 422 and the pressure water inlet 423 It consists of 427.

The pressure reducing means 40 configured as described above passes through the nozzle 424 at the pressure water inlet 423 when the driving water in the water tank 41 is discharged into the pressure water through the connection hose 45a by the operation of the pump 43. The air inside the dry fermentation tank 10 is sprayed into the body 421 and at the same time, the air inside the dry fermentation tank 10 (steam) is partially dissolved in the driving water sprayed and sprayed through the diffusion tube 427 in a partially wrapped state. It flows into the water tank 41. Therefore, a pressure-reducing phenomenon in which the pressure drops from the atmospheric pressure in the body 421 of the vacuum generating 42 due to the hydraulic pressure energy is continuously sucked in through the air inlet 422. In contact with the pressure water is injected into the water tank 41, the air introduced into the water tank 41 is exhausted to the outside through the gas outlet 47 of the upper end of the water tank (41).

On the other hand, since the air inside the gas fermentation tank 10 flows to the vacuum generating section 42 of the decompression means 40, the pressure inside the tank 10 drops, and therefore, at a temperature of 100 ° C. or lower, preferably 400 mmHg. Even when heated to about 50-60 degreeC, drying of organic substance is easy.

In this way, if a separate decompression means 40 is used instead of a vacuum pump, the decompression means 40 does not use a filter. It can be partially dissolved in the driving water to remove odors.

4 is an exemplary view in the case of applying the deodorizing means to the fermentation apparatus of the present invention, when described with reference to the drawings as follows.

Deodorizing means 50 is installed between the dry fermentation tank 10 and the decompression means 40, the pit moss 52 is installed on the upper portion immediately below the air outlet 17 of the dry fermentation tank (10) 53 is provided with an air inlet connected to the deodorization tube 51 provided with a gas exhaust port 57 connected to the vacuum generating unit 42 of the pressure reducing means 40 by a hose 44 at the upper portion, and the pit moss ( 52 and a shower 56 connected to the pressure water supply pipe 55 provided with the pressure water control valve 55a so as to receive the pressure water discharged from the pump 43 of the pressure reducing means 40; It is connected to the lower part of the deodorization tank 51 and the water tank 41 of the decompression means 40 to adjust drainage so that the driving water in the deodorization tank 51 sprayed from the shower 56 can be drained to the water tank 41. It consists of the drain pipe 54 provided with the valve 54a.

The deodorizing means 50 is the decompression means 40 is operated to deodorize the air, water vapor, fermentation gas generated in the dry fermentation tank 10 in a state in which the gas exhaust port 57 is vacuumed through the connection hose 53 In the process of entering the barrel 51 and passing through the pit moss 52, it is deodorized by the reaction of a deodorant microorganism. The gas deodorized in this way flows into the water tank 41 in a state in which it is dissolved or wrapped in the pressure water in the vacuum generating unit 42 of the decompression means 40 through the gas exhaust port 57, and eventually the water tank 41. Exhaust gas is exhausted through the gas exhaust port 47. On the other hand, water is supplied to the deodorizing microorganisms of the pit moss 52 through the shower 56, and when the water inside the deodorizing container 51 is filled by the water supply, the drain pipe so that the water level does not rise to the connection with the dry fermentation tank 10 ( 64 is opened to drain the water in the deodorizing container 51 to the water tank 41.

As described above, the method and apparatus for fermenting other organic materials according to the present invention can save energy and time than fermentation of existing organic materials by using a reduced pressure drying at the time of organic fermentation, and drying the organic materials at low temperature (50 to 60 ° C.). It prevents the destruction and deterioration of nutrients, as well as by applying a separate decompression means, while eliminating the failure of the device, there is an effect to remove the odor, which is secondary pollution.

Claims (5)

1 step of drying under reduced pressure to 50 to 60% of water content while stirring the organic material to be fermented; Immobilized aerobic microorganisms consisting of yeast, Bacillus subtils, and lactobacilli, which have an activity temperature of 50-60 ° C under reduced pressure, and protease, amylase, and lipase. 2) fermentation of at least one fermentation seed selected from plant enzymes consisting of cellulase (Cellulase); And, the organic fermentation method consisting of three steps of the organic fermented in the above step to dry again under reduced pressure so that the water content is 15% or less, or to carry out a reduced pressure drying and fermentation process several times. A body having a double structure in which sidewalls and a bottom surface are filled with a heat insulating material, an organic material having a sealed lid formed on the upper portion of the body, an inlet for moisture control agent and a fermentation seed, and an outlet of fermented organic material having a sealed lid formed on the lower portion of the body, A dry fermentation tank formed at the lower part of the body and configured to be an air inlet through which external air is introduced during fermentation, and an air outlet for discharging the internal air formed at the upper part of the body to the outside; Heating means for heating the dry fermentation tank; Stirring means for mixing and rotating the organic material in the dry fermentation tank up and down to allow uniform water evaporation to occur; And a decompression means connected to an air outlet of the dry fermentation tank to discharge the air inside the dry fermentation tank to the outside. The water supply hose of claim 2, wherein the decompression means includes a gas exhaust port at an upper portion, a water tank provided with an over flow port of a driving water and a pump connection port at one side thereof, and a water supply hose to supply the driving water to the water tank to maintain a predetermined level. A water level control ball tower for supplying / blocking the driving water flowing into the pump, a pump connected to the pump connector at the bottom of the water tank to discharge the driving water to the pressure water, and a pressure connected to the hose to receive the pressure water discharged from the pump An air inlet connected to a hose through an air outlet to receive the exhaust gas of the water supply inlet and the dry fermentation tank, and a vacuum generator including a diffusion tube in which the exhaust gas flowing into the pressure water is dissolved or wrapped and discharged into the water tank. Fermentation apparatus of an organic substance characterized by the above-mentioned. The organic fermentation apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a separate deodorizing means between the dry fermentation tank and the decompression means to remove the smell of the gas generated during drying and fermentation of the organic matter. 5. The deodorizing means according to claim 4, wherein the deodorizing means has a pit moss in which deodorizing microorganisms live, and an air inlet connected to the air outlet of the dry fermentation tank under the hose, and a gas connected to the vacuum generating part of the decompression means at the top thereof. A deodorizing tube having an exhaust port, a shower positioned at an upper portion of the pit mos so as to receive pressure water discharged from the pump of the decompression means through a pressure water supply pipe to supply water to the deodorizing microorganism, and to the water tank of the deodorizing tube and the decompression means. A fermentation apparatus for organic matter, comprising: a drain pipe connected to and draining the driving water in the deodorization tank sprayed from the shower to the water tank.