KR940008164B1 - Ice breaker advanced maneuvability - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Icebreaker improves ship's maneuverability

1 is a perspective view from below of a hull having a bow and a side protruding structure arranged on the bow part of the bow-toe type;

Figure 2 is a side view of the stern portion of the hull having an angled protrusion structure on the stern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a bottom view of half of the stern portion of FIG.

4 is a view showing a frame outline of a stern portion of FIG.

4a is an enlarged view of FIG.

5 is a side view of the stern portion of the hull having angular protrusions extending longitudinally in the stern surface according to another embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a bottom view of half of the stern portion of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a frame outline of a stern portion of FIG.

FIG. 7A is an enlarged view of FIG. 7.

8 is a side view of the stern portion of the hull in which the angular protrusion structures of the stern surface are arranged in the stern portion behind the stern cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a side view of the stern portion of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a frame outline of a stern portion of FIG. 8.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10: hull 11: athlete

21, 22: hull side wall 25: stern

125: stern part 126: center stern part

128: transom

140, 141, 142, 140a, 141a, 145: angled protrusion structure

143: Letterpress 148: Stern cover

160: propulsion and control member 200: ice plate

The present invention has a side projecting structure, such as a reamer, which is disposed on the side walls of the hull to protrude laterally from the side walls to form the widest point of the underwater hull portion, improving the maneuverability of the ship and even when reversing. An icebreaker that breaks ice without disturbing ship propulsion and control members.

Icebreakers are generally equipped with ice grinding or cutting blades, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship at the bow of the ship and are laterally projected from the side walls of the hull. Thus, such icebreakers are such icebreakers only when the bow is larger than the hull width behind it, and in limited waterways, especially at narrow gates, may not require the stability and maximum carrying capacity determined by the limitations of such waterways. This can be used.

Also, there are sometimes difficulties in manipulating such icebreakers on ice, especially when several ships are sailing to the fleet and the icebreakers lead the fleet, because in any case the speed of icebreakers is most This depends on the speed of the slower ship. In other words, when the distance between the ships is far apart, in the area of the last ship, the ice next to it floats in the waterway broken by the icebreaker, increasing the frictional resistance to the ship at the back, which reduces the navigation speed. Simply reducing the distance between each vessel cannot be solved, because reducing the distance between the vessels may cause collisions between the vessels, especially reversing the icebreaker to eliminate the pressure on the ice. This is because icebreakers are relatively large in order to do this, because sometimes icebreakers need to break the ice on the channel sideways in order to break the ice and form an auxiliary channel for safety. You need to sail to draw an arc. In addition, since the ice confines the channel, the icebreaker is almost impossible to rotate in place and involves many difficulties in breaking it sideways.

In addition, it is required to crush ice on retraction without disturbing the propellers and keys for propulsion and steering of the vessel.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems of the prior art, to provide an icebreaker with improved control when sailing ice covered seas forward and backward. Another object of the present invention is to provide a stern structure that breaks up broken ice around the stern during retreat so that there is no ice in the propeller area as much as possible and at least large ice floes cannot reach the propeller area.

According to the present invention, there is provided a lateral protrusion, such as a reamer, disposed on the sidewalls of the hull to form the widest point of the underwater hull portion to protrude laterally from the sidewalls to improve the maneuverability of the ship and to keep ice on reversing. Breaking icebreaker ship, in which the stern portion of the hull exhibits a uniform crushing pattern produced by at least three different crushing zones, ie, stern sides having a structure similar to that of a normal bow, when retracted from the ice sheet. A central structure separated from the outer grinding zones for at least two approximately longitudinal grinding operations by the flared structure at the center of the stern in the outer grinding zones and in the area where the stern propulsion and steering members are arranged Icebreakers are provided, characterized in that the grinding zone is formed on the ice sheet.

The central stern of the hull is arranged behind the propulsion and steering members when viewed in the forward direction of the ship, consisting of angular protruding structures placed in the longitudinal direction of the hull, which are the central ice cut from the rigid ice plate in reverse direction. The pieces are crushed into several smaller ice floes that can be more easily swept by the propulsion members than the larger one.

The angular protruding structure of the stern surface is arranged behind the normal stern cover when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and the stern cover acts to clear the ice pieces from the area of the propulsion and steering members upon retraction.

When reversing, the stern center region first breaks the ice and pushes the broken ice down, and then the ice in the adjacent milling area is moved downward by the stern.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the center stern portion is configured in such a way that the ice broken by the portion is pushed under the broken ice by the side portions of the stern.

The frame outline and / or repair of the center stern is configured to be wavy, zigzag or stepped.

In addition, a smooth or serrated longitudinal skid is arranged at the center stern.

The edges of the angled protrusions are configured to be sharp, rounded or inclined.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, the bow 11 of the hull 10 of the icebreaker ship is provided with a pontoon bow part 12, and behind the bow part is provided a V-shaped underwater hull part. The front part of the phone-toe-type bow portion 12 has an inclined surface forward.

In the icebreaker of FIG. 1, the bow is formed with a front end face 13 extending over a substantial portion of the width of the icebreaker, concave and inclined upwardly forward. Both side edges of the front end face 13 are bounded by two side edges 14 that are partially curved in the longitudinal direction, the side edges 14 of which are mutually lateral to the hull portion located above it. Protrude to the opposite side. The front end face 13 is increasingly curved downward from the side as it goes from front to back.

In the hull 10 of FIG. 1, the bottom surface of the frames 15 between two side edges 14 is more than the length of the ship in which the front end surface 13 reaches the bottom 17 along the center line 16. Starting from the point it is bent less and less towards the back, at least up to the hull center 18. Approximately from the center of the hull, the side edges 14 continue over most of the length of the ship back in the form of a bead-shaped thickened portion 19. These bead-shaped thick portions 19 end at the lateral limits of the propeller ducts of the stern 25.

The hull 10 has side edges 14 of the pawn-shaped bow portion 12 having a reamer or a cutting blade projecting laterally from the hull sidewalls 21 and 22 in the region of the bow 11. The same ice grinding members are provided, the reamer being fixed or displaceable. The reamer protrudes laterally beyond the main plane of the hull 10. In the hull 10 of FIG. 1, the front end face 13, which is inclined upwards and gradually concave forward, extends rearward to the underwater bow with the V-shaped inclined frames at the bottom. The front end face 13 is configured so that its center is slightly curved at its end, leading gradually (ie not too steep) to the substantial underwater hull with V-shaped inclined frames at the bottom. The frames are trapezoidal as they go backwards, the shape of which is formed by the baseline of the bottom 17 and the inclined side lines which follow, which are inclined more sharply than in the front V-shaped frames.

In the bow zone, at least a portion of the side edges 14 is located below the waterline 20 in two side edges installed parallel to the center line 16 to form the widest point of the underwater hull portion. The forward end face 13 inclined upwardly has lower limit zones of the frames extending substantially horizontally in the transverse direction of the ship in the middle region of the longitudinal extension of the front end face below the waterline 20, The front end face 13 is at least nearly planar in this region. The side edges 14 extend further forward beyond the front end face 13 above the waterline 20 and lead to two catamaran-type forgings 23. There the shape of the hull narrows towards the center line 16 and rises more rapidly than the two bows 23. The hull portion at least above the longitudinal extension of the side edges is formed of frame members which are open to the outside. The stern is indicated by the number "25". However, other shaped bows and sterns may also be provided with lateral protrusions such as reamers.

As shown in FIGS. 2-10, various stern structures are provided that act to crush ice upon retraction of the ship in a manner that does not interfere with the propellers and keys of the ship of the present invention.

According to FIGS. 2 to 4, 4a, 5 to 7 and 7a, the stern portion 125 of the hull 10 has at least three different fractures when the icebreaker retracts from the ice sheet. Areas are configured to form on ice plate 200. The outer two of the grinding zones exhibit a uniform grinding pattern created by the stern sides having a structure similar to that of a normal bow, while the propulsion and steering members 160 of the stern 25 are disposed. The central grinding zone, which is a closed zone, is separated from the outer grinding zones by at least two approximately longitudinal grinding operations by the open structure of the central portion 126 of the stern portion 125 upon retraction.

In FIGS. 2, 4 and 4a, the angled protrusions of the stern 25 of the hull 10 are indicated by the numbers "140", "141" and "142", and in FIG. (skid) is shown by the number "143". In FIG. 4, the transom of the stern 25 is indicated by the number "128". As can be seen in the bottom view of FIG. 3, the center stern portion 126 of the hull 10 is formed at the rear (as viewed in the forward direction) of the propulsion and steering members 160. As shown in FIG. 7, the central stern portion 126 consists of angled protruding structures 140a and 141a which are placed in the longitudinal direction of the hull, the structures being a central piece of ice cut from a rigid ice sheet when the ship is retracted. Pulverizes into several small ice floes (which can be more easily swept than large ice floes by propulsion members 160a). Two propulsion and steering members 160 are arranged in the hull 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 5.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-10, the stern angled protrusions 145 are disposed behind the stern cover 148 in the longitudinal direction of the ship. The stern cover acts to clear the ice pieces from the area of the propulsion and steering members 160 when the ship is retracted. When reversing, the central stern portion 126 first breaks the ice and presses the broken ice floes downward, and then the ice adjacent to it is pressed downward by the stern 25. The center stern portion 126 is preferably designed in such a way that the ice broken by the portion is pushed under the ice broken by the side portions of the stern 25.

The frame outline and / or repair of the center stern portion 126 may be configured to be wavy, zigzag, or stepped. At its central portion 126, longitudinal typologies may be arranged that are smooth or serrated. In addition, the edges of the angled protrusions 140, 141, 142; 140a, 141a; 145 are configured to be sharp, rounded or inclined.

Claims (5)

Protruding and maneuvering members disposed on the stern 25 and lateral protrusions such as reamers disposed on the hull sidewalls 21 and 22 to protrude laterally from the sidewalls to form the widest point of the underwater hull portion ( An icebreaker equipped with 160) to improve the maneuverability of the ship and to break ice during reversing; The stern of the hull 10 is provided with two propulsion and steering members 160 disposed on both sides of the stern 143 extending longitudinally of the bottom of the hull at the stern transom 128. The central portion 126 has angled protrusions 140 extending from the stern transom 128 on both sides thereof, to the rear of the propulsion and steering members 160 protruding from the hull when viewed in the forward direction of the ship. , 141, 142, 140a, and 141a are formed, and the angled protrusions 140, 141, 142, 140a, and 141a are laterally upwardly from the plate 143 on both sides of the plate 143. An icebreaker for improving the maneuverability of a ship, characterized in that it is arranged in a way to form three stepped steps extending stepwise. The stern protruding structure 45, when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the hull, is disposed behind the conventional stern cover 148 to remove ice chips broken from the area of the propulsion and steering members 160 when reversing. Icebreaker that improved the maneuverability of the ship, characterized in that acting to. The icebreaker according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the frame contour and the waterline of the center stern portion 126 are configured to have a wave shape or a zigzag shape. The icebreaker according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the longitudinal stern (143), which is smooth or serrated, is disposed at the center stern portion (126). The icebreaker of claim 1 or 3, wherein the edges of the angled protrusions (140, 141, 142; 140a, 141a; 145) are sharp, rounded or inclined. .