KR930012076A - Methods and devices for removing harmful chemicals from gases, exhaust gases, steam and brine - Google Patents

Methods and devices for removing harmful chemicals from gases, exhaust gases, steam and brine Download PDF

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KR930012076A
KR930012076A KR1019920024841A KR920024841A KR930012076A KR 930012076 A KR930012076 A KR 930012076A KR 1019920024841 A KR1019920024841 A KR 1019920024841A KR 920024841 A KR920024841 A KR 920024841A KR 930012076 A KR930012076 A KR 930012076A
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catalyst
catalyst carrier
cleaning
oxide
added
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프린쯔 디트리히 오세스테
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오에스테 프란쯔 디트리히
알베르쎄 로베르트
디트리히 올가 겝 레이에
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Publication of KR930012076A publication Critical patent/KR930012076A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8659—Removing halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/8662—Organic halogen compounds
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0215—Coating
    • B01J37/0217—Pretreatment of the substrate before coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0215—Coating
    • B01J37/0232—Coating by pulverisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H3/0608—Filter arrangements in the air stream
    • B60H3/0633—Filter arrangements in the air stream with provisions for regenerating or cleaning the filter element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2086—Activating the catalyst by light, photo-catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
    • B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/0053—Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H2003/0675—Photocatalytic filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H2003/0691—Adsorption filters, e.g. activated carbon

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Abstract

본 발명은 원치않는 화학적 오염물이 함유되거나 오염된 기체, 배기가스, 중기 또한 염수를 촉매표면상에서 일어나는 광촉매반응으로 정제하는 방법과 장치에 관계한다.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for purifying undesired chemical contaminants containing or contaminated gases, exhaust gases, medium and salt water by photocatalytic reactions occurring on the catalyst surface.

촉매는 촉매운반체상의 고정탑 또는 유동탑에 들어 있다.The catalyst is contained in a fixed tower or fluidized bed on the catalyst carrier.

유동탑의 경우 촉매자체가 촉매운반체 역할을 할 수 있다. 정제될 기질을 촉매운반체와 촉매가 들어있는 폐쇄 시스템에 공급한다.In the case of a fluidized bed, the catalyst itself may serve as a catalyst carrier. The substrate to be purified is fed to a closed system containing the catalyst carrier and the catalyst.

고정탑 촉매법에서, 촉매운반체/촉매 시스템은 세정구역을 연속으로 또는 간헐적으로 통과하여 무기물화 생성물을 제거한다.In fixed tower catalysis, the catalyst carrier / catalyst system passes continuously or intermittently through the cleaning zone to remove the mineralization product.

Description

기체, 배기가스 증기 및 염수에서 해로운 화학물질을 제거하는 방법과 장치.Method and apparatus for removing harmful chemicals from gases, exhaust fumes and brine.

본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음As this is a public information case, the full text was not included.

제1도는 표준장치를 보여준다.Figure 1 shows a standard device.

제2도는 같은장치의 중심축을 따라 연직단면을 보여준다.2 shows a vertical section along the central axis of the same device.

제3도는 에어로졸의 공유결합 오염물을 정제하기 위한 장치의 변형을 보여준다. 정제작업은 실시예8의 전기분야에서 가장 잘 실행된다.3 shows a modification of the device for purifying covalent contaminants of aerosols. Purification works best in the electrical field of Example 8.

Claims (30)

화학물질 오염되거나 그것을 함유하는 기체, 배기가스, 증기와 염수를 촉매표면에서 일어나는 광촉매 반응으로 정제하는 것으로써, a)사용한 물질보다 더 큰 비표면적을 갖고 오랜동안 화학적 부식 및 단파광에 대한 저항성이 유지되고 또한 자동차 기계부품에 필요한 기계적 안정성을 보여주는 촉매 운반체와, b)이 촉매 운반체에 부가될 것으로써 VⅢ족 화학원소인 플라티늄계열의 금속이 혼합되거나 충전된 반도체용 산화물 및 혼합된 산화물인 촉매와, c)역시 촉매운반체에 부가될 것으로써, 란탄, 악티늄, 또한 Ⅲb족 화학원소중 한원소로 이루어진 촉매와, d)광자원인 250내지 400nm파장의 단파광원과, e)(b)와 (c)의 촉매가 부가될 (a)의 촉매 운반체를 위한 것으로써 촉매운반체가 전달되고 극성용매로 처리하게 될 세정구역으로 구성된 물리적 폐쇄시스템을 정제될 기질이 통과하는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.Purification of chemically contaminated or containing gases, exhaust gases, vapors, and brine by photocatalytic reactions occurring on the surface of the catalyst, a) having a larger specific surface area than the materials used and long-term resistance to chemical corrosion and shortwave light. A catalyst carrier that is retained and exhibits the mechanical stability required for automotive machine parts, and b) is added to the catalyst carrier to provide a catalyst that is a mixed or filled semiconductor oxide and a mixed oxide of a group VIII chemical element, c) a catalyst consisting of lanthanum, actinium and also one of the Group IIIb chemical elements, added to the catalyst carrier, d) a shortwave light source having a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm as a light source, e) (b) and (c) Physical closure system consisting of a cleaning zone in which the catalyst carrier is to be delivered and treated with polar solvent, for the catalyst carrier of (a) to which Purification method, characterized in that the passing substrate to be purified. 제1항에 있어서, 촉매운반체는 스텐레스강, 티타늄, 탄탈븀, 니오륨, 지르코늄, 하프늄 또는 VⅢ족 금속으로된 거친표면의 직물 또는 부직포로 구성되고 한편 기계적으로 또는 산화반응으로 거친표면이 되게 만들고 후자의 경우 거친표면의 얇은 산화물층이 되고 또한 직물이나 부직포를 다발로 엮고 부식성이 아닌 물질에 이해 프레임으로 만들어진 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.2. The catalyst carrier of claim 1, wherein the catalyst carrier consists of a rough surface woven or nonwoven fabric of stainless steel, titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, or Group VIII metals, while mechanically or oxidized to produce a rough surface. The latter case is a refining method, characterized in that a thin oxide layer on a rough surface is also woven in a woven or nonwoven fabric and made into a frame of non-corrosive material. 제1항에 있어서, 촉매운반체는 부식성이 아닌 다공성 물질로 된 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst carrier is a non-corrosive porous material. 제1항에 있어서, 촉매운반체는 비표면적이 큰 탄소섬유나 다공성 탄소물질로 된 것임을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst carrier is a carbon fiber or a porous carbon material having a large specific surface area. 제1항에 있어서, 촉매운반체가 제올라이트 구조의 세라믹 물질인 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The purifying method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst carrier is a ceramic material of zeolite structure. 제1항에 있어서, 촉매운반체가 비부식성 폐쇄-셀 유기 또는 무기고분자형 또는 중축합반응 물질인 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst carrier is a non-corrosive closed-cell organic or inorganic polymer type or polycondensation reaction material. 제1항에 있어서, 반도체 산화물이 이산화티타늄이고 슴속은 비표면적이 큰 입자형 팔라듐 또는 플라티늄인 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The purification method according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor oxide is titanium dioxide and the chestnut is particulate palladium or platinum having a large specific surface area. 제1항에 있어서, 반도체 산화물이 산화하프늄이나 산화지르코늄이고 금속은 비표면적이 큰 변형 플라티늄이나 팔라듐인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor oxide is hafnium oxide or zirconium oxide and the metal is modified platinum or palladium having a large specific surface area. 제1항에 있어서, (c)의 원소가 염화물염으로써 이용되고 전환후 산화물로써 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The process according to claim 1, wherein the element of (c) is used as a chloride salt and added as an oxide after conversion. 제1항 내지 제9항에 있어서, 저압 수정램프는 광원으로써 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.10. The purification method according to claim 1, wherein the low pressure correction lamp is used as a light source. 제1항 내지 제10항에 있어서, (e)의 세정구역은 시간간격을 두고 또는 연속적으로 통과하며 (b)와 (c)의 촉매가 첨가된 (a)의 촉매운반체를 완전히 침지하고 세정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 세정방법.The cleaning zone of claim 1 to 10, wherein the washing zone of (e) passes through the spaced intervals or continuously and completely soaks and cleans the catalyst carrier of (a) to which the catalysts of (b) and (c) are added. The cleaning method characterized by the above-mentioned. 제1항 내지 제11항에 있어서, 세정작업은 물로 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 세정방법.The cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning operation is performed with water. 제1항 내지 제12항에 있어서, 산화용 화학물질을 수용액에 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the chemical for oxidation is added to the aqueous solution. 원치않는 화학물질의 무기물화 반응은 무기물화 조조물을 정제할 기질에 첨가하여 개선시킬 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 무기물화 반응방법.The mineralization reaction of unwanted chemicals can be improved by adding mineralization aid to the substrate to be purified. 제14항에 있어서, 암모니아를 정제될 기질에 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무기물화 반응방법.The process of claim 14 wherein ammonia is added to the substrate to be purified. 제1항에 있어서, (c)의 한원소를 사용하는 촉매 총량에 대하여 0내지 15중량%로 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The purification method according to claim 1, which is added at 0 to 15% by weight based on the total amount of the catalyst using the one element of (c). 제1항 내지 제16항중 한 하에 있어서, 정제할 기질물 (a),(b),(c)와 (d)로 구성된 물질적인 폐쇄 시스템내의 유동탑에 공급하는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.17. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it is fed to a fluidized bed in a material closed system consisting of the substrates (a), (b), (c) and (d) to be purified. 제17항에 있어서, 기체 생성물은 시스템의 세정과정을 가지지 않고 생성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.18. The method of claim 17, wherein the gaseous product is produced without the cleaning of the system. 제1항에 있어서, (b)의 산화물은 다음의 화학식으로 표현되며 또한 플라티늄 계열은 기본적으로 팔라듐, 플라티늄, 로듐과 루테늄인 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxide of (b) is represented by the following chemical formula and the platinum series is basically palladium, platinum, rhodium and ruthenium. 여기서, N₁은 Ⅰa,Ⅱa와 Ⅱb족의 원소이고, M₂는 Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta와 또한 이트륨과 스칸듐같은 Ⅲb족 원소이고, x는 M₁과 M₂원소값에 관계한 화학량론적 또는 비화학량론적 값이다. Where N₁ is an element of groups Ia, IIa and IIb, M2 is a group IIIb element such as Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and also yttrium and scandium, and x is a stoichiometric relationship to the values of M₁ and M2 elements Or a nonstoichiometric value. (f)기질 유입 및 유출노즐, 촉매가 함유된 촉매운반체 고정베어링과 클램프, 단파광원이 설치된 내식성 재질의 폐쇄하우징과, (g)촉매가 함유된 촉매운반체를 지지하는 프레임과, (h)촉매운반매체와 촉매를 (f)의 하우징에 운반할 장치와, (ⅰ)250 내지 400nm파장의 단파광원으로 구성된 정제장치.(f) substrate inlet and outlet nozzles, catalyst carrier fixed bearings and clamps containing catalyst, closed housings of corrosion-resistant materials fitted with short-wave light sources, (g) frames supporting catalyst carriers containing catalysts, and (h) catalysts. An apparatus for transporting a carrier medium and a catalyst to the housing of (f), and (iii) a purification apparatus comprising a short wave light source having a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm. 제20항에 있어서, (f)의 하우징은, 조(bath)에 담긴 액체의 유입 및 유출노즐이 구비된 공동을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제장치.21. The refining apparatus of claim 20, wherein the housing of (f) has a cavity provided with inlet and outlet nozzles of the liquid contained in the bath. 제20항에 있어서, 촉매운반체 및 촉매가 있는 (g)의 프레임을 (e)의 조를 완전히 통과하는 방식으로 (f)의 하우징속에 자유롭게 고착시킬 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.The purifying method according to claim 20, wherein the frame of (g) having the catalyst carrier and the catalyst can be freely fixed in the housing of (f) in a manner that passes completely through the tank of (e). 제20항과 21항에 있어서, (f)의 하우징에는 촉매운반체와 촉매를 세정할 분무장치가 포함되어 있고 세정액은 조에 되돌려보내 분무용으로 재순환시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.22. The purification method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the housing of (f) includes a catalyst carrier and a spray device for cleaning the catalyst, and the cleaning liquid is returned to the tank and recycled for spraying. 제23항에 있어서, 분무장치에 간헐적 세정을 위한 시간 스위치가 부착된 것을 특징으로 하는 세정방법.24. A cleaning method according to claim 23, wherein a time switch for intermittent cleaning is attached to the spray device. 제20항에 있어서, (g)의 프레임은 중심축 있는 원통형 몸체이고 축주변에 공동이 있으며 그 주위를 둥근용기가 에워싸고, 이것은 포켓으로 분리되며 축의 양측면에 연결되어 결과적으로 외부실린더(62)와 내부실린더(63) 케이스가 기체투과성이 용이하고 촉매운반체와 촉매를 쉽게 함유할 수 있는 방식으로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.21. The frame (g) of claim 20, wherein the frame of (g) is a cylindrical body with a central axis and a cavity around the axis and is surrounded by a round container, which is separated by a pocket and connected to both sides of the shaft, resulting in an external cylinder (62). And the inner cylinder (63) case is configured in such a way that the gas permeability is easy and can easily contain the catalyst carrier and the catalyst. 제20항 또는 21항에 있어서, (g)의 프레임은 촉매운반체와 촉매를 함유하고 또한 (g)의 하우징에 있는 구멍베어링 상하로 이동하고 세정액속에 침지할 사각형물체인 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.22. The apparatus according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the frame of (g) is a rectangular object which contains the catalyst carrier and the catalyst and which will move up and down the hole bearing in the housing of (g) and will be immersed in the cleaning liquid. 제20,21 및 26항에 있어서, 두개이상의 유닛을 이용하고 공급개폐작업은 촉매 세정동안 방해를 받지않는 방식으로 동시적으로 진행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.27. An apparatus according to claim 20, 21 and 26, wherein two or more units are used and feed-opening operations are carried out simultaneously in an uninterrupted manner during catalyst cleaning. 제20항에 있어서, (g)의 프레임은 기체 무기물화 생성물을 위하여 유동축매공정을 시행할 때 기체 투과성판인 것을 특징으로 하는 정제방법.21. The method of claim 20, wherein the frame of (g) is a gas permeable plate when performing a fluid storage process for gas mineralization products. 제20항에 있어서, 다단계 공정에서 기질반응을 위한 수개의 작은 챔버로 된 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the apparatus comprises several small chambers for a substrate reaction in a multistage process. 제20항 내지 제29항에 있어서, 제1도 내지 7도에서 보는 바와 같은 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.30. An apparatus according to claims 20 to 29, as shown in FIGS. 1-7. ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.※ Note: The disclosure is based on the initial application.
KR1019920024841A 1991-12-21 1992-12-21 Methods and devices for removing harmful chemicals from gases, exhaust gases, steam and brine KR930012076A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100364412B1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2002-12-11 삼성전기주식회사 Deflection yoke
KR100408584B1 (en) * 1995-04-05 2004-03-24 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. Cathode ray tube and deflection unit for a cathode ray tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100408584B1 (en) * 1995-04-05 2004-03-24 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. Cathode ray tube and deflection unit for a cathode ray tube
KR100364412B1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2002-12-11 삼성전기주식회사 Deflection yoke

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