KR930011856B1 - Method and device for producing mantle surfaces having closed or broken shapes - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Method and apparatus for manufacturing curved surface with polygonal shape

1 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention.

2 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

3 shows a common part of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 and a front view of the side of a motion modifyer.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in which a front view of an adjusting device for maintaining the electrical connection in a stable reference point. FIG.

6 is a partial view of a preferred embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows the profile distortion of the ground profiles.

8 is a schematic diagram of mimic grinding according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 workpiece 2 eccentric spindle

3: eccentric sleeve 4: housing

5: tool fixing tool 6: balancing device

7, 9: driving device 8: eccentric pin

10, 11 prism 12: machining tool

13 adjusting device 14 floating member

15, 16: guide surface 17: sliding member

18, 19: electric signal 20: workpiece fixture

21, 22, 23: belt pulley 22: rubber cylinder

24: pulley 25: eccentric disk

26: 2 arm levers 27: internal gear

28: gear tooth 30: exercise corrector

31: belt 32: gear

34: cable rope 35: fixed bed

36: moving table 37: counterweight

38: furning point 40: guide rod

41: axis of symmetry 42: hole

43: Nut 44: Tolerance

45 processing point

The present invention relates to a method for producing a mantle surface having a closed or broken shape using two or more rotational movements, and a revolver head or auxiliary support of a machine tool. An apparatus for a machine tool for manufacturing a workpiece having a curved surface having a polygonal (or undulating) shape provided with a tool fixture and a workpiece fixture.

As described in HU-PS 156 607 and HU-PS 167 643, methods and apparatus for manufacturing workpieces formed with non-circular contours have recently been developed. The main spindle of the universal shelf with sleeve is rotated by the drive of the drive in coordination with the eccentric sleeve, so that a coordinated polygonal contour is formed by the double rotation of the workpiece and the tool relatively stationary.

The above-described improvement allows the unbalanced mass to be changed in the process of satellite movement of the juice pindle device and the workpiece of the lathe, and the mechanical drive device using a plurality of gears is very complicated in structure and noisy, Clearances between the components of the device have the problem that the efficiency and accuracy are poor.

It has also been proposed to use electrical drives instead of mechanical drives to reduce the disadvantages of the methods and devices already known and used, but the methods and devices are still complex, their operation is relatively inaccurate, and the unbalanced mass of There was an excessive problem of the electrical energy consumed to control the electric drive device.

Thus, the above improvement is limited to the processing of workpieces with a straight line, and changing the eccentricity that determines the shape of the side of the contoured workpiece changes the position of the polygonal contour relatively. Not only is it impossible to accurately position the contour, but the eccentricity is also changed, so that the relationship between the unbalanced masses is changed, which greatly reduces the machining efficiency.

In addition, when the grinding wheel is used as a machining tool, the lateral shape of the contour to be ground changes between the center of the contour surface and the vertex of the machining tool according to the change of the grinding wheel diameter. It will not have the same shape. In other words, the spiral contour cannot be processed in the case of the axis-assisted motion of free kinematics.

The most important problem in the known improvements is that only double spindles and heavy and complex mechanical devices can be used to move the cutting tool, and the shapes produced in the known processing devices are not sufficient for rigidity and accuracy.

Existing apparatus for producing polygonal contours has the problem that it is not a general machine tool but a special machine tool that can be used only for this purpose. I couldn't have it.

Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing a curved surface having a polygonal (or undulating) shape, which is relatively simple, efficient, and has a low processing process, and can produce a high-precision and high-quality polygonal contour. To provide.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement which can be used as an auxiliary device for attaching to an existing machine tool for producing a contour of a polygon.

According to the improved method of the present invention, the processing tool and the workpiece to be processed are translated to each other, and the workpiece is axially rotated about a rotation axis in the course of forming a curved surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the translational motion between the workpiece and the processing tool is generated from the rotational motion, and the rotational motion that generates the translational motion and the rotational motion of the workpiece are in harmony with the electrically driven state.

In the present invention, the tool is fixed in a stationary state and the workpiece is rotated about a first axis concentric with the workpiece axis of rotation, the first axis is rotated about a second axis eccentric with respect to the first axis, The rotation of the first axis and the second axis is in harmony with the electrical driving state, it is also possible to use two rotary motions for rotating the workpiece.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the kinetic energy of the components generated by the movement other than the rotational movement is to maintain the equilibrium state. In the case of changing the shape of the curved surface of the workpiece, the machining point of the machining tool is kept constant relative to the position of the workpiece. The helical curved surface is also produced by changing the zero point of the rotary motion conditioner.

The present invention has a first drive device for translating a workpiece and a workpiece and a second drive device for rotating the workpiece, wherein the drive units are electrically connected to each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second drive device is attached to a workpiece fixture mounted on an eccentric sleeve incorporating the eccentric spindles, and the tool holder is installed on the eccentric spindles so as to rotate and rotates the housing of the device. It is fixed so that

The workpiece fixture is also arranged to be rotatable on eccentric spindles rotatably installed on the inner diameter of the eccentric spindles, the first drive device is connected to the eccentric spindles, and the second drive device is connected to the eccentric spindles.

From the point of view of the present invention, the eccentric spindle and the eccentric sleeve are preferable when they are connected to each other by an adjusting device that maintains a stable reference point in the electrical connection between the driving devices. Attached to, and connected to each other for the electrical connection between the drive device is attached to the drive device, the adjustment device is connected to the electric signal to rotate in the eccentric sleeve to maintain a stable reference point in the electrical connection A gear having an inner-toothed wheel and attached to the eccentric spindles meshes with the internal tooth.

In the present invention, an apparatus for balancing energy due to an unbalanced mass according to the movement of the tool fixture and the workpiece fixture is installed, and the apparatus may have a balance weight firmly fixed on the eccentric spindle and the eccentric sleeve.

The workpiece fixture also has an exercise modifier, which has four vertical prism guide surfaces and consists of a floating member connected to the footnote, the floating member having a slide member. It is rotatably connected to the eccentric spindle and two opposite footnotes are fixed to the first drive device, the other two opposite footnotes are fixed to the workpiece fixture. In this case, a device for changing the reference point of the electrical connection may be installed depending on the material supplied to the machine tool.

An apparatus for changing the reference point of the electrical connection is preferred when the housing of the electrical signal is supported and installed on the moving table of the machine tool so that it can rotate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end is fixed to a fixed bed of a machine tool and the other end is wound around a rubber cylinder fixed to a housing of an electric signal with a cable rope fixed to a moving table. In this case the distance between the cable rope fixed between the bed and the rubber cylinder can be adjusted.

In addition, the cable rope portion between the rubber cylinder and the bed is guided by a pulley installed to rotate on one end of the two arm lever, and the other end of the lever is in contact with the rotating eccentric disc like the eccentric spindle. It is formed as a contactor. In this case the position of the turning point of the two arm lever can be changed by changing the relationship between the arms of the lever.

After all, the axis of the tool is perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece in order to prevent distortion of the workpiece shape.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows an example in which the apparatus of the present invention is installed on an existing shelf and processed, the workpiece 1 is rotated by an electric drive device 9 connected to an electric signal 18, and the processing tool 12 ) Is also driven by the rotational movement of the drive device 7 connected to the electric signal 19.

The drive device 7 is connected to an eccentric sleeve 3 which is rotatably arranged in the housing 4 of the device such that the tool 12 and the workpiece 1 translate together.

As shown in the figure, the hole formed inside the eccentric sleeve 3 is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of the eccentric sleeve 3, and the eccentric spindles 2 are rotatably installed in the hole to be eccentrically formed, and the eccentric spindle An eccentric pin 8 is provided at the outer end of (2). At this time, the eccentric pin 8 is eccentric with respect to the eccentric spindle 2 at the same eccentricity rate as the eccentricity of the eccentric spindle 2 with respect to the rotation axis of the eccentric sleeve. The rotational movement is transmitted from the eccentric sleeve 3 by the adjusting device 13 which provides a constant reference point position between the eccentric sleeve 3 and the eccentric spindle 2. The eccentric pin 8 of the eccentric spindle 2 is installed to be rotatable in the workpiece fixture 20 of the workpiece (1). Attached to the workpiece fixture 20 is a motion modifier 30 which is also connected to the housing 4 of the apparatus, the operation of the motion modifier 30 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. .

Like the tool 12 in the present invention, the workpiece 1 must move in harmony with each other, which is connected to the electrical signal 18 of the drive device 9 and the electrical signal 19 of the drive device 7 This is solved by harmonizing the rotational temperature by the drive devices 7 and 9.

2 shows one embodiment of processing a polygonal contour by grinding. The machining tool 12, i.e. the grinding wheel, is only rotated at high speed in a relatively stable position. All the movements necessary to form the polygonal contours are given to the fixture 20 of the workpiece 1, the drive 7 connected to the electrical signal 19 also attached to the eccentric sleeve 3, to the eccentric sleeve 3. The rotation is transmitted to the eccentric spindle 2 so as to be connected to the adjusting device so as to rotate relative to it. Another rotation by the drive 9, which is adjusted by the electric signal 18, is transmitted by the belt 31 to a belt pulley 21 which can rotate about the housing 4. Exercise corrector 30 is connected to the belt pulley 21 and the other side is connected to the workpiece fixture 20.

The difference in the kinetic energy generated due to the unbalanced mass of the tool holder 5 and the workpiece holder 20 according to the present invention is to maintain the equilibrium, as shown in FIGS. And a balancer 6 provided on the eccentric sleeve 3.

3 and 4 show an embodiment of the exercise corrector 30.

The motion modifier 30 includes a floating member 14, and footnote guide surfaces 15 and 16 are formed along the vertical end of the floating member 14. This shape is clearly shown in FIG. 4, which shows a cross section along line IV-IV of FIG. Each guide surface 15 facing each other is attached to the footnote 10 with the sliding member 17 therebetween, and the inner guide surface of the footnote is formed to include the guide surface 15. Guide surfaces 16 formed perpendicular to the guide surface 15 and facing each other are also attached to the footnote 11 with the sliding member 17 therebetween.

The exercise corrector 30 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as a cross-sectional view like FIG. The opposed footnotes 11 attached to the guide surface 16 of the floating member 14 in FIG. 1 are connected to the housing 4 of the device, while attached to the guide surface 15 and arranged vertically. Footnote 10 is coupled to the tool fixture (5). As in FIG. 2, the footnote 11 is connected to the belt pulley 21, and the footnote 10 is coupled to the workpiece fixture 20.

In this embodiment the motion modifier 30 allows for displacement in two directions along the guide surfaces 15 and 16 but these two displacements result from different movements.

In one embodiment of FIG. 1 the first displacement is determined by the footnote 11 fixed to the housing 4 and the second displacement is determined by the footnote 10 fixed to the tool fixture 5. In the same way the first displacement in FIG. 2 is given by the footnote 11 connected to the belt pulley 21 and the second displacement is given by the footnote 10 fixed to the workpiece fixture 20.

As in FIG. 3, the first and second displacements are perpendicular to one another or one movement is allowed in one plane because of their combination.

Since the exercise corrector 30 is composed of guide surfaces 15 and 16 which are in the shape of a footnote, the movement corrector is strictly regulated. This is very important in terms of processing precision.

As evident from the above, the vertices of the processing tool 12 will move along the circular path in the operation of the FIG. 1 embodiment. The radius is more than twice the eccentricity of the eccentric spindle 2 and the eccentric sleeve 3.

Thus, the eccentricity rate will be defined by the relative position of the eccentric spindle 2 and the eccentric sleeve 3 which are predetermined, and will remain constant during processing. This means that once the eccentric spindles 2 and the eccentric sleeve 3 are arranged, they cannot move relative to each other during operation. Nevertheless, the shape of the contour to be machined is determined only by this eccentricity. In order to change the contour, the eccentric spindle 2 must be displaced with respect to the eccentric sleeve 3.

Since the contour cannot be intermittent or discontinuous, a stable reference point that can be controlled must be prepared, which is adjusted by the adjusting device 13.

One embodiment of the adjusting device 13 for maintaining a stable reference point in the electrical connection as shown in FIG. Also shown is an eccentric sleeve 3 and eccentric spindles 2 arranged to be rotatable within the eccentric sleeve 3. Gear teeth 28 are formed in the eccentric sleeve 3, and the eccentric sleeve 3 is rotated through the driving device 7 (FIG. 1) and the teeth.

In the eccentric sleeve 3, the internal tooth 27 which connects with the electric signal 19 of the drive device 7 is arranged to be rotatable. The gear 32 is fixed to the eccentric spindle 2 so as not to rotate, and the teeth of the gear and the teeth of the internal tooth 27 are engaged with each other.

The adjusting device 13 operates as follows. The relative rotational displacement of the eccentric spindle 2 and the eccentric sleeve 3 is reduced by half due to the interaction of the gear 32 and the internal gear 27 so that the axis of the electric signal 19 rotates at the rotational displacement reduced to the above half value. It will be twisted in the opposite direction to the direction of displacement (the other half). These opposite movements neutralize each other so that the reference point is maintained at its original position. And the constant reference point position of the electric signal 19 is essential for using the device in the present invention, including the NC machine tool.

As described above, a balancing device 6 is used to maintain an unbalanced kinetic energy due to the mass difference between the tool holder 5 and the workpiece holder 20, and the balance device is essentially used as a balance weight. Positioning can be determined by calculation in the production process of the device. For this reason, the centrifugal force generated from the unbalanced mass and the counter-force that maintains the equilibrium are maintained, so that the kinetic energy is balanced.

The embodiment of FIG. 6 shows a schematic state which is machined by grinding operating according to the principles described in connection with FIG.

Thus, two rotations are transmitted to the workpiece fixture 20, one of which is a rotation for driving the eccentric sleeve 3 from the driving device 7, and the other of which rotates the belt pulley 21 from the driving device 9. It is the rotation that drives the motion modifier 30 through.

The embodiment in FIG. 6 is suitable for machining curved surfaces as well as straight generatrix. For this reason, however, the electrical interconnection of the two rotations must be constantly changed, which can be solved by twisting the housing of the electrical signal 19 according to the feed motion. The rubber cylinder 22 is fixedly installed in the housing of the electric signal 19 to which the cable rope 34 is wound. One end of the cable rope 34 is connected to the fixed bed 35 of the machine tool and the other end is connected to the moving table 36 of the machine tool. The other end of the cable rope in this embodiment is guided by the cable rope 34 by means of a pulley 33 which is rotatably mounted on the movable table 36 and by means of which the pulley 23 is rotatably mounted on the fixed bed 35. One end of the cable rope 34 guided by) is solved by attaching a counterweight 37 to maintain a constant load of the cable rope 34.

The operation in FIG. 6 differs from that mentioned above in that the housing of the electric signal 19 is twisted in accordance with the warming of the movement table 36 which is displaced according to the conveying motion to machine the contour.

The measurement of the helical facet may be determined by the displacement. In this embodiment the measurement may also be affected by changing the diameter of the rubber cylinder 22.

When the grinding wheel is used as the machining tool 12, the distortion of the contour caused by the grinding wheel due to the diameter change should be eliminated. If this is not removed, the holes 42 and the nuts 43 pushing against each other may have a difference in profile as shown in FIG. At the intersection of the axes of symmetry 41 and the contour, the hole 42 and the nut 43 are in contact with each other, and a gap 44 between the contours is formed between the intersections.

If a grinding wheel having a conventional dimension is used, the size of the gap 44 will not be smaller than one tenth of a millimeter (mm). However, the accuracy of the contour is not satisfactory in some applications.

The dependence of the contour depending on the diameter of the grinding wheel may also be eliminated with the aid of the embodiment in FIG. 6, in which the change of the machining point due to the change in the diameter of the grinding wheel is the periodic The important point is that it is caused by change.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the housing of the electric signal 19 is shaken. A two arm lever 26 is used for this purpose, one end of the lever 26 is provided with a rotatable pulley 24 for guiding the cable rope 34 and a feeler at the other end of the lever. It is installed in contact. The contact is guided by an eccentric disc 25 that rotates with the eccentric spindle 2, the eccentric disc 25 is formed with a diameter of the grinding wheel, but the diameter of the eccentric disc 25 is a two-arm lever The diameter of 26 may be considered by varying the length of the arms with each other in the lever 26 of two arms. For this reason, the position of the rotation point 38 of the lever 26 should be formed so that it can be changed conveniently.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of Fig. 7, adjustment is possible.

This is different from FIG. 6 in that the end position of the cable rope 34 attached to the fixed bed 35 can also be adjusted.

For this reason, a guiding bar 40 is used, and the end position of the cable rope 34 with respect to the fixed bed 35 can be changed by the inclination of the guide bar 40 and this inclination. Not only the above change but also the spiraling of the spiral to be processed is possible due to the change in the diameter of the rubber cylinder 22.

If the machining point 45 of the machining tool 12 is always in the same place at a constant distance, the dependency on the diameter of the grinding wheel will be removed.

This is shown in FIG. 9, where the tool 12 is a grinding wheel and the axis of the grinding wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece 1. In addition, the machining point 45 of the machining tool 12 is stably maintained at a constant distance and forms a contour consistent with the machining tool having one cutting edge.

The present invention described above relates to an auxiliary device or an adapter which can be installed on an existing shelf for processing polygonal contours.

That is, the adapter may be installed in a rear cutter holder of the universal litter shelf, and in other cases the adapter may be exchanged if the adapter is installed in a rotating disc at the center of the shelf. Moreover, the adapter of the present invention can be used in universal bending grinders so that the polygonal contour can be machined in a fixed state such as a circular surface. After all, the adapter can be installed in the auxiliary bed.

Claims (21)

A method for producing a polygonal curved surface using at least two rotational movements, wherein the processing tool and the workpiece are translated to each other, and the workpiece is axially centered on its own axis in the process of forming the curved surface. Method for producing a curved surface of the polygonal shape, characterized in that for rotating. 2. The polygonal shape according to claim 1, wherein the translational motion between the processing tool and the workpiece is obtained from one rotational motion, and the rotational motion resulting from the translational motion and the rotational motion of the workpiece are driven in electrical harmony with each other. Method of manufacturing curved surfaces. The method of claim 2, wherein the two rotational movements are used to move the workpiece, the tool is fixed in a stationary state, the workpiece is rotated about a first axis concentric with the axis of rotation of the workpiece, the first axis It rotates about a second axis eccentric to the axis, and the rotation of the first axis and the second axis is electrically harmonized, while the kinetic energy of the components to be moved by movements other than the rotation to be in balance with each other Method for producing a curved surface of the polygonal shape, characterized in that. 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the position of the tool operating point with respect to the workpiece position is kept constant when the shape of the curved surface of the workpiece is changed. The method of manufacturing a polygonal curved surface according to claim 4, wherein a spiral curved surface is produced by changing a reference point of the rotational motion adjusting device. A machine tool apparatus for manufacturing a workpiece having a polygonal curved surface mounted on a revolver head or an auxiliary support of a machine tool and having a tool holder and a workpiece holder, wherein the machine tool 12 and the workpiece 1 are provided. And a second drive device (9) for rotating the workpiece (1) and a first drive device (7) for translating the movements of each other, wherein the drive devices (7) (9) are electrically connected to each other. The apparatus which manufactures the curved surface of polygonal shape made into. The method of claim 6, wherein the second drive device (9) is attached to the workpiece fixture (20) connected to the eccentric sleeve (3) in which the eccentric spindles (2) are embedded, and rotatably connected to the eccentric spindles (2). Apparatus for producing a workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape, characterized in that the tool fixture (5) is fixed so as not to rotate in the housing of the device. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the workpiece fixture 20 is rotatably installed on the eccentric spindle (2) is built to rotate in the inner diameter of the eccentric sleeve (3), the first drive device (7) ) Is connected to the eccentric sleeve (3), the second drive device for producing a workpiece of the curved surface having a polygonal shape, characterized in that connected to the eccentric spindles (2). 9. The eccentric spindle (2) and the eccentric sleeve (3) are connected to each other by an adjusting device (13) such that the electrical connection between the driving devices (7) and (9) maintains a stable reference point. Apparatus (13) is a device for producing a workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape, characterized in that attached to the eccentric sleeve (3) as well as the eccentric spindle (2). 10. A polygonal curved surface according to claim 9, characterized in that electric signals (18) and (19) are attached to said drive (7) (9), and said electric signals (18) (19) are electrically connected. Device for manufacturing a workpiece with a. 10. The internal tooth 27 according to claim 9, wherein an adjustment device 13 for maintaining a stable reference point of the electrical connection is connected to the electric signal 18 and 19 and rotatably installed in the eccentric sleeve 3. Apparatus for manufacturing a workpiece having a curved surface having a polygonal shape having a, characterized in that the gear 32 is fixed to the eccentric spindle (2) attached to the inner tooth (27). The balance device according to claim 7, wherein the balance device comprises an eccentric spindle (2) and an eccentric sleeve (3) in order to balance the energy imbalance due to the movement of the tool holder (5) and the workpiece holder (20). 6) An apparatus for producing a workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape characterized in that it has. 13. The work piece fixing tool (20) according to claim 12, wherein the work fixture (20) comprises a floating member (14) having four vertical footnote guide surfaces (15) and (16) connected to the footnotes (10) (11). 14 is connected to the eccentric spindle 2 so as to be rotatable by a sliding member 17, the footnote 10 is fixed to the housing, while the other footnote 11 is fixed to the tool fixture 5 Apparatus for producing a workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape, characterized in that. 13. The work piece fixing tool (20) according to claim 12, wherein the work fixture (20) consists of a floating member (14) having four vertical footnote guide surfaces (15, 16), the footnotes (10) (11) by a sliding member (17). It has a motion modifier (30) connected to the floating member 14 is connected to the eccentric spindle (2) to be rotated by the sliding member (17), footnote (10) to the drive device (7) Fixed, the footnote 11 is a device for producing a workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape, characterized in that fixed to the workpiece fixture (20). 15. Apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that it comprises a device (13) for changing the reference point of the electrical connection according to the material supplied to the machine tool. 16. A polygonal curved surface according to claim 15, characterized in that the housings of the electrical signals (18) and (19) are rotatably connected to the moving table (36) of the machine tool to change the reference point of the electrical connection. Device for manufacturing the workpiece. The rubber according to claim 16, wherein one end is fixed to the fixed bed 35 of the machine tool, and the other end is fixed to the housing of the electric signal 18, 19, with the cable rope 34 fixed to the moving table 36. Apparatus for producing a workpiece having a curved surface of a polygonal shape, characterized in that wound on the cylinder (22). The workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape according to claim 17, wherein the distance between the tip of the cable rope 34 fixed to the fixed bed 35 and the rubber cylinder 22 is variable. Machine tools for manufacturing. 19. The pulley according to claim 17 or 18, wherein portions of the cable cylinder (34) of the rubber cylinder (22) and the fixed bed (35) are rotatably installed at one end of the two arm lever (26). Guided by (24), the other end of the lever (26) is a polygonal curved surface, characterized in that formed as a contactor (feeler) in contact with the eccentric disk (25) working together with the eccentric spindle (2) Device for manufacturing workpieces with 20. The curved surface according to claim 19, wherein the position of the pivot point 38 of the two arms lever 26 can be changed by changing the relationship between the arms of the lever 26. Device for manufacturing a workpiece with a. The method of claim 6, wherein the axis of the processing tool 12 is made to be perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece (1) in order to avoid warping deformation of the workpiece (1) to produce a workpiece having a curved surface of the polygonal shape Device.

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