KR930007740B1 - Power supply control circuit - Google Patents

Power supply control circuit Download PDF

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KR930007740B1
KR930007740B1 KR1019910003022A KR910003022A KR930007740B1 KR 930007740 B1 KR930007740 B1 KR 930007740B1 KR 1019910003022 A KR1019910003022 A KR 1019910003022A KR 910003022 A KR910003022 A KR 910003022A KR 930007740 B1 KR930007740 B1 KR 930007740B1
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South Korea
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voltage
circuit
zener diode
power supply
vcc
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KR1019910003022A
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Korean (ko)
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KR920016924A (en
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서동원
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삼성전자 주식회사
김광호
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The constant voltage regulator supplies constant voltage with respect to varying load conditions. The regular circuit using zener diodes and transistors, generates easily power supply inside the semiconductor chips. If breakdown voltage of zener diode is 5V, and diode voltage down is 0.7V, the output voltage is 4.3V so that if the supply voltage, 4.5-6.3V needed, its output voltage does not drive the internal circuits. Using zener-diodes and transistors the breakdown voltage, is reduced to drive the circuit.

Description

공급전압 조정회로Supply voltage regulation circuit

제1도는 본 발명의 공급전압 조정회로.1 is a supply voltage adjusting circuit of the present invention.

제2도는 종래의 공급전압 조정회로.2 is a conventional supply voltage adjusting circuit.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1, 1' : 내부회로 및 다른회로 Q1, Q2: 트랜지스터1, 1 ': internal circuit and other circuits Q 1 , Q 2 : transistor

Dz : 제너 다이오드 Vz : 제너 다이오드의 역방향항복전압Dz: Zener Diode Vz: Reverse Breakdown Voltage of Zener Diode

Vd : 다이오드 양단간의 전압 Vs : 시스템 파워 공급단Vd: Voltage across diode Vs: System power supply

Vcc : 조정회로 출력전압Vcc: Control circuit output voltage

본 발명은 부하의 변동에 대하여 일정한 전압을 공급해 주는 정전압 회로(Voltage regulator)에 관한 것으로 특히 제너 다이오드와 트랜지스터를 이용한 조정회로(regulator)를 반도체 칩에 내장하여 내부회로의 동작전원 전압을 쉽게 발생시킬 수 있게 한 공급전압 조정회로에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage regulator for supplying a constant voltage to a load variation. In particular, a regulator circuit using a zener diode and a transistor is built in a semiconductor chip to easily generate an operating power supply voltage of an internal circuit. The present invention relates to a supply voltage regulation circuit.

일반적인 정전압 장치는 발전기로부터 전원을 얻을 경우 전압변동을 보상하여 일정 전압을 얻기 위한 것으로 교류에서 작용하는 철심형과 직류에서 작용하는 정전압 방전관이나 전자관 및 반도체를 이용한 여러 방법이 있다. 그중 제너 다이오드를 이용한 정전압회로는 교류전원 전압이 변하여도 직류전원을 일정한 정전압으로 유지시켜서 회로동작을 안정하게 하는 것으로서 출력전압 또는 출력전류를 제어한다고 하여 일명 레귤레이션 회로라고도 한다.In general, the constant voltage device is to obtain a constant voltage by compensating for the voltage fluctuation when the power is obtained from the generator, and there are various methods using a constant voltage discharge tube, an electron tube, and a semiconductor that operate on AC and DC. Among them, a constant voltage circuit using a zener diode keeps the DC power at a constant constant voltage even when the AC power supply voltage changes, and stabilizes the circuit operation. It is also called a regulation circuit because it controls the output voltage or the output current.

여기서 제너 다이오드는 순방향전압을 가하면 전류가 잘 흐르고 역방향전압을 가하면 전류는 거의 흐르지 못한다. 그러나 pn접합면에 더욱더 큰 역방향 전압을 가하면 전혀 캐리어가 존재하지 않는 pn접합면 부근에 다음 이유로 다량의 캐리어가 발생하고 급히 전류가 흐르기 시작하는 것이다. 즉 원자핵에 묶여 있는 가전자를 원자핵에서 떼어낼 수 있는 큰 역방향전압을 가하면 원자핵 주위에 돌고 있는 가전자가 궤도에서 떨어져 나와 자유전자가 다량으로 발생한다. 그렇게 되면 자유전자가 튀어나온 구멍은 홀이므로 자유전자 및 홀이 접합면 부근에 다량으로 발생한 것이 되고 어느 전압 이상이 되면 급격히 전류가 역방향으로 흐르게 된다. 역방향으로 급격히 전류가 흐르는 현상을 제너현상이라 하고 제너현상이 일정한 전압에 일어나는 다이오드를 제너 다이오드 또는 정전압 다이오드라 부른다.Here, the zener diode flows well when the forward voltage is applied, but hardly flows when the reverse voltage is applied. However, when a larger reverse voltage is applied to the pn junction surface, a large amount of carriers are generated near the pn junction surface where no carriers exist at all and the current starts to flow rapidly. In other words, when a large reverse voltage is applied to remove an electronic device bound to an atomic nucleus, a large number of free electrons are generated when the electronic appliance that is rotated around the atomic nucleus falls out of its orbit. In this case, since the hole where the free electrons protrude is a hole, a large amount of free electrons and holes are generated in the vicinity of the junction surface, and when a voltage is higher than a certain voltage, current rapidly flows in the reverse direction. The phenomenon in which current flows rapidly in the opposite direction is called a zener phenomenon, and a diode in which the zener phenomenon occurs at a constant voltage is called a zener diode or a constant voltage diode.

이러한 제너 다이오드를 반도체 칩내에 구성하는데 있어서 공급전압 조정회로의 출력 전압(Vcc)은 주로 제너 다이오드의 역방향 항복전압(Vz)에 의해 결정되며 제너 다이오드의 역방향 항복전압(Vz)은 적용되어지는 반도체 제조공정에 의해 결정되어 진다.In constructing such a zener diode in a semiconductor chip, the output voltage Vcc of the supply voltage adjusting circuit is mainly determined by the reverse breakdown voltage Vz of the zener diode, and the reverse breakdown voltage Vz of the zener diode is applied. It is determined by the process.

제2도의 공급전압 조정회로는 시스템 파워 공급단(Vs)에 8-30V의 배터리(Battery) 및 시스템 파워를 인가하여 내부회로 및 외부회로에 전원을 공급하기 위한 회로이며 제너 다이오드(Dz)와 다이오드(D)로 구성되어 있으며, 이 조정회로의 출력전압(Vcc)은 제너 다이오드의 항복전압(Vz)과 다이오드의 양단전압(Vd)의 차에 해당된다. 이때 항복전압(Vz)이 낮게 형성되면 출력전압(Vcc)도 낮아지게 되므로 내부회로 및 다른회로(1)를 동작시킬 수 없게 된다.The supply voltage adjusting circuit of FIG. 2 is a circuit for supplying 8-30V battery and system power to the system power supply terminal (Vs) to supply power to internal and external circuits, and a zener diode (Dz) and a diode. (D), the output voltage Vcc of this adjusting circuit corresponds to the difference between the breakdown voltage Vz of the zener diode and the voltage Vd of both ends of the diode. At this time, if the breakdown voltage Vz is formed low, the output voltage Vcc is also lowered, thereby making it impossible to operate the internal circuit and the other circuit 1.

이를 실시예를들어 설명하면, 제너 다이오드의 항복전압(Vz)이 5V인 반도체 제조공정에서 다이오드 양단전압(Vd)이 약 0.7V라면 출력전압(Vcc)은 4.3V가 얻어지므로 출력전압(Vcc)에 연결되는 내부회로가 4.5-6.3V에서 동작을 허용하는 단전원으로 구성되어지면 이때의 출력전압(Vcc)은 내부회로의 동작전원전압의 범위를 벗어나므로 내부회로를 구동시키지 못한다. 따라서 출력전압(Vcc)이 낮게 형성되는 반도체 제조공정에서도 쉽게 구성할 수 있는 조정회로가 필요하게 되었다.Referring to this example, in the semiconductor manufacturing process where the breakdown voltage (Vz) of the Zener diode is 5V, if the voltage across the diode (Vd) is about 0.7V, the output voltage (Vcc) is 4.3V, so the output voltage (Vcc) If the internal circuit connected to is composed of a single power supply that allows operation at 4.5-6.3V, the output voltage (Vcc) at this time is out of the range of the operating power supply voltage of the internal circuit and therefore cannot be driven. Therefore, there is a need for an adjustment circuit that can be easily configured even in a semiconductor manufacturing process in which the output voltage Vcc is formed low.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 제너 다이오드와 트랜지스터를 이용하여 항복전압(Vz)이 낮게 형성되는 공정에서 용이하게 적용할 수 있는 공급전압 조정회로를 만들기 위한 것으로 이를 첨부된 도면을 참조로 하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.The present invention is to make a supply voltage adjustment circuit that can be easily applied in the process of forming a low breakdown voltage (Vz) by using a zener diode and a transistor to solve the above problems with reference to the accompanying drawings When described in detail as follows.

제1도는 본 발명의 회로도로서, 시스템 파워 공급단(Vs)에 8-30V의 배터리(Battery) 및 시스템 파워를 인가하여 내부회로 및 다른회로에 전류를 공급하는 트랜지스터(Q2)와 제너 다이오드에 전류를 공급함으로써 제너 다이오드를 역방향 항복영역에 놓이게 하는 트랜지스터(Q1)와 제너 다이오드를 연결함으로써 내부회로 및 다른회로를 구동시킬 수 있도록 구성되어 있다.FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention, which applies a battery and system power of 8-30V to the system power supply terminal Vs to supply a current to an internal circuit and another circuit, and a transistor Q 2 and a zener diode. It is configured to drive internal circuits and other circuits by connecting a Zener diode with a transistor Q 1 which causes the zener diode to be placed in the reverse breakdown region by supplying current.

이와같이 구성된 본 발명에서 제너 다이오드의 역방향 항복 전압(Vz)에 트랜지스터(Q1)의 베이스-에미터간 전압(VBE1)만큼 상승한 전위가 V+이고 V+에서 트랜지스터(Q2)의 베이스-에미터가 전압(VBE2)만큼 하강한 전위가 조정회로 출력전압(Vcc)에 해당한 것으로 아래의 식(1)에서 확인할 수 있다.In the present invention configured as described above, the potential at which the reverse breakdown voltage Vz of the Zener diode rises by the base-emitter voltage V BE1 of the transistor Q 1 is V + and the base-emitter of the transistor Q 2 at V + is the voltage. The potential lowered by (V BE2 ) corresponds to the adjustment circuit output voltage (Vcc), which can be seen in Equation (1) below.

Vcc=Vz+VBE1-VBE2………………………………………………… (1)Vcc = Vz + V BE1- V BE2 . … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (One)

여기서 VBE1과 VBE2가 거의 같으므로 Vz와 Vcc는 서로 같은 값이 된다. 즉, 종래의 조정회로 출력전압(Vcc)이 Vz-Vd인 것에 비해 본 발명의 조정회로 출력전압(Vcc)은 거의 제너 다이오드의 항복전압(Vz)에 해당한다. 따라서 항복전압(Vz)이 낮게 형성되는 반도체 장치에서도 쉽게 조정회로의 출력전압(Vcc)이 여기에 연결된 내부회로의 동작전원 전압의 범위(약 4.5-6.3V)내에 놓이게 되며 내부회로의 동작전원전압 범위내의 전압을 직접 조정회로 출력전압(Vcc)에 인가하여 사용하는 것도 가능하다.Since V BE1 and V BE2 are almost the same, Vz and Vcc are equal to each other. In other words, the conventional adjustment circuit output voltage Vcc is Vz-Vd, whereas the adjustment circuit output voltage Vcc of the present invention almost corresponds to the breakdown voltage Vz of the Zener diode. Therefore, even in a semiconductor device having a low breakdown voltage (Vz), the output voltage (Vcc) of the adjustment circuit is easily within the range of the operating power supply voltage (about 4.5-6.3V) of the internal circuit connected thereto, and the operating power supply voltage of the internal circuit. It is also possible to apply the voltage within the range directly to the adjustment circuit output voltage (Vcc).

또한 온도 특성도 개선되는데 출력전압(Vcc)단자에서의 온도 특성은 만약 항복전압(Vz)이 매 ℃마다 3mV, 다이오드 양단간전압(Vd)이 매 ℃마다 -2mV씩 변화한다면 종래의 회로에서는 매 ℃마다 5mV의 전압변화가 있었으나 본 발명은 3mV의 전압변화만 나타난다. 한편, 트랜지스터(Q2)가 다이오드 형태로 되어 있으므로 출력전압(Vcc)단에서 접지(GND)로 캐패시터를 구성하면 트랜지스터(Q2)와 캐패시터에 의해 정류회로(Rectifier Circuit)로 사용하여 시스템 파워 공급단(Vs)단에 시스템 클락(system clock)을 인가하면 전원전압을 (Vcc)을 얻을 수 있다.The temperature characteristics of the output voltage (Vcc) terminal are also improved.The temperature characteristic of the output voltage (Vcc) terminal is that if the breakdown voltage (Vz) changes by 3mV at every ℃ and the voltage (Vd) between the diodes is -2mV at every ℃, There was a voltage change of 5mV every time, but the present invention shows only a voltage change of 3mV. On the other hand, since the transistor Q 2 is in the form of a diode, if the capacitor is configured as the ground (GND) at the output voltage Vcc, the transistor Q 2 and the capacitor are used as rectifier circuits to supply system power. Applying a system clock to Vs provides the supply voltage Vcc.

Claims (1)

시스템 파워 공급단(Vs)에 8-30V의 배터리(Beattery) 및 시스템 파워를 인가하여 내부회로 및 다른 회로에 전류를 공급하는 트랜지스터(Q2)와 제너 다이오드에 전류를 공급함으로써 제너 다이오드를 역방향 항복영역에 놓이게 하는 트랜지스터(Q1)와 제너 다이오드를 연결함으로써 내부회로 및 다른회로(1)를 구동시킬 수 있도록 구성됨을 특징으로 하는 공급전압 조정회로.Reverse breakdown of the Zener diode by supplying current to the transistor (Q 2 ) and the Zener diode that supplies current to the internal and other circuits by applying a 8-30V battery and system power to the system power supply (Vs) A supply voltage regulating circuit, characterized in that it is configured to drive internal circuits and other circuits (1) by connecting a Zener diode with a transistor (Q 1 ) which is placed in a region.
KR1019910003022A 1991-02-25 1991-02-25 Power supply control circuit KR930007740B1 (en)

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KR930007740B1 true KR930007740B1 (en) 1993-08-18

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