KR930003959B1 - Routing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for distributing the load uniformly in the electronic telephone exchange comprises steps: (a) inputting the signal message; (b) setting the lower k bit of the line identification code (CIC) to the message processor selection code (MHSC); (c) identifying whether there is an errored message processor; (d) allocating the address of the message processor; (e) setting the address of new message processor when the allocated message processor is infailure; (f) identifying the processor whether it is in failure and routing to the next one if it is in failure; (g) setting the address of the processor if the errored one is recovered; and (h) processing the signal message.

Description

Internal Routing Method for Improving Signal Message Processing Performance of Common Line Signaling Device

1 is the CCITT NO. 7 Hierarchical structure diagram of common line signaling protocol.

2 is a structural diagram of a common line signal device to which the routing method of the present invention is applied.

3 is a curve of the performance limit of a message handler.

4 shows CCITT NO. 7 Routing table structure diagram of common line signal message.

5 is a table showing an example of load sharing to a message processor in a steady state using the routing method of the present invention.

6 is a table showing an example in which load sharing switching is performed when a message processor fails by using the routing method of the present invention.

7 is a flowchart of the present invention to which a routing method is applied.

The present invention relates to an internal routing method for improving signal message processing performance by dividing a load evenly on a message processor in a common signaling device used in an electronic exchange. CCITT NO. As shown in Fig. 1, the common line signaling system is composed of a signal data link function of level 1, a signal link function of level 2, a signal network function of level 3, and a user part function of level 4 (CCITT red). book recommendation VI.7, specification of signaling NO.7, Q 704, 1984)

The apparatus for performing the common line signaling method may have a unique structure according to the embodiment, but as an example, the structure of the common line signaling apparatus to which the routing method of the present invention is applied is shown in FIG. (See Application No. 88-409, filed in May with the name of “Common Line Signaling Device Structure of Electronic Switching Device”)

The device is divided into a signal terminal that performs a level 1 function, a signal terminal that performs a level 2 function, a message processor that processes a level 3 function, and a user part processor that performs a level 4 function. The signal terminal connection network in charge of the period communication and the control communication network in charge of the message processing period communication with the user processor.

This signaling terminal network and the control network have ful connectiviey. That is, all signal terminals and all user processor can communicate this network with any conventional message processor. In this apparatus, signal messages coming from signal exchanges from other exchanges are processed by the level 2 protocol at the signal terminal and sent to the message processor via the signal terminal network.

The message processor processes Level 3 protocol for this signal message and sends it to the user processor through the control network. On the other hand, the signaling message generated in the local exchange, that is, the user part processor is sent to the message processor through the control communication network. After the Level 3 protocol is processed by the message processor, the signaling message is sent to the signaling terminal through the signaling terminal network and transmitted to the other station exchange through the signaling data link.

Routing from the message processor to the user part processor during routing of signal messages input from other station exchanges, or routing from the message processor to the signal terminal during output routing to other station exchanges, is performed in CCITT NO. 7 The method shall be fixed to the signal type. However, routing from the signal terminal to the message processor during input routing or from the user processor to the message processor during output routing can be applied in a unique manner.

That is, the routing method of the message processor from the signal terminal or the user part processor may be arbitrarily set and used, and load sharing of the message processor is performed by this method. By the way, the equal distribution of loads affects the performance of the message processor and thus has a great effect on the performance of the entire common line signaling device.

The performance limitation curve of the message processor affected by the load imbalance is obtained. The effects of the load imbalance on the message processor on the common line signaling device are as follows.

The symbols used are defined as follows.

ν: The ratio of time allocated for signal message processing during the total processing time of the message processor

λ: Load applied per second in common line signaling device (number of messages / sec)

M: Number of message handlers in common line signaling device

r: Load unbalance ratio (load to average load ratio of the message handler with maximum load)

S: average message processing period of the message handler

Since a message handler is generally composed of operators and input / output, the average message processing duration can be written as

S = 2 (CT ₁ + BT _D / U) + T _p . … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (One)

here,

C = number of operator instructions for initializing an I / O,

T ₁ : average execution time per operator instruction,

T _D : Unit data transmission time of I / O terminal,

B: average message length (number of bits),

U: unit data length (number of bits),

T _p : The performance limit curve of the message processor according to the protocol processing time, traffic and related parameters of the operator per message depends on the message processing time S of Equation (1). The number of messages applied per second in the message handler to which unbalanced traffic is applied is rλ / M.

Multiplying the number of messages by the message processing time S in Equation (1) gives the ratio of the time that the message processor is allocated for signal message processing per second, so this value is equal to ν. Also, assuming that the total information throughput of the device is R (bits), the average message length B in equation (1) is equal to R / λ,

ν = (Rν / M) {2 [CT ₁ + (R / λ) T _D / U] + T _p }

This holds true.

Summarizing this expression, the limit curve of a message handler is

R = 0.5 m M / (r T _D ) −λ U (CT ₁ +0.5 T _D ) / T _p ... … … … … … … … … … … … … (2)

It becomes

The limit curve when 16 message processors (M = 16) are used in the common line signal device is shown in FIG. 3. In this figure, the number of messages λ corresponding to the X-axis coordinates of the point where the limit curve and the straight line representing the average message length meet is the limit of the message processing capacity. _:

The parameter values used were estimated to be T ₁ = 1.8 μs, T _D = 2.75 μs, Tpm = 0.2ms, C = 10, U = 8, ν0.6. Referring to FIG. 3, the signal message processing capacity of the common line signaling device is about 28,000 messages when the load is equal, that is, r is 1 and the average message length is 15 octets. Performance drops significantly with a throughput capacity of 20,000 messages or less.

Therefore, it can be seen that the equal load sharing on the message handler increases the performance of the device. Referring to the accompanying drawings, the routing method of the present invention for load sharing equally to the message processor will be described in detail as follows.

4 shows a structure of a common line signal message, and a portion used in the present invention is a circuit identification code (CIC). This CIC is a unique number that identifies the circuit between the telephone exchanges. Since the circuits between the switching centers are generally used almost equally, the CIC values included in the common line signaling messages generated or received by the exchange are 0 and (2 ¹² -1). It is almost evenly distributed over the range values.

K

012)를 메시지 처리기 선택코드(MHSC : Message Handler Selection Code)로 정의하면, 공통선 신호장치가 처리하는 신호 메시지들에 포함된 MHSC 값은 0과 (2^k-1) 범위에서 거의 균등하게 분포된다고 할 수 있다.Therefore, the lower K bits of this CIC value (0

K

012) is defined as a Message Handler Selection Code (MHSC), the MHSC values contained in the signal messages processed by the common line signaling device are distributed almost equally in the range of 0 and (2 ^k -1). can do.

That is, the probability that any one CIC value is assigned to a particular signal message is ^2-12 . In other words, if a signaling message was generated with a total of N messages at the exchange, there could be N * 2 ^-12 messages with any one CIC value.

When any one MHSC value is binary DDD..D (D is 0 or 1), the CIC value containing this MHSC is represented as XXXX..XDDDD..D (X: 0 or 1) in binary. There will be a total of 2 ^12-k CICs for an MHSC.

That is, the number of CICs containing any one MHSC value is independent of the MHSC value and only depends on K. Since there are 2 ^12-k CICs with all MHSC values, the number of messages with any one MHSC value is N *. 2 ^-12 * 2 ^12-k = N * 2 ^-k .

In other words, since the number of messages is independent of MHSC value and depends only on K, it can be said that N * 2 ^-k messages are distributed evenly for all MHSCs.

Accordingly, the present invention is based on a method of equally distributing MHSC values to all message processors based on the MHSC of each signal message.

K

12)를 이용한다. (단계 2)The routing method of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 2 and FIG. Middle and lower K bits of the 12 bits of the circuit identification code (CIC) commonly present in the signal message (step 1)

K

12). (Step 2)

MHSC

2^K) 값을 메시지 처리기 갯수 M으로 나누어(단계 5)나머지가 0인 신호메시지는 제2도에 도시한 메시지 처리기 ＃0으로, 나머지가 1인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리기 ＃1로,…나머지가 i인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리부 ＃i로,……, 나머지가 M인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리기 ＃M으로 루팅된다. 메시지 처리기에 고장이 발생하였을 경우(단계 3), 고장난 메시지 처리기가 담당하던 메시지들의 MHSC를 메시지 처리기 갯수 M으로 나누어(단계 4), 몫이 0인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리기 ＃0으로, 몫이 1인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리기 ＃1로,…, 몫이 i인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리부 ＃i로,…, 몫이 M인 신호메시지는 메시지 처리기 ＃M으로 루팅하도록 분배한다.This code is called a message handler selection code (MHSC). MHSC (0) under normal conditions without faults in the message handler

MHSC

2 ^K ) dividing the value by the number of message handlers M (step 5), the remaining zero signal message is the message processor # 0 shown in FIG. 2, and the remaining signal message is the message processor # 1. The signal message with the remainder i is the message processor ＃i,... … The signal message with the remainder of M is routed to the message handler ＃M. If a failure occurs in the message handler (step 3), divide the MHSC of the messages handled by the failed message handler by the number of message handlers, M (step 4), so that the signal with zero quotient is message handler ＃ 0, with a share of 1 Signal is sent to message handler # 1, The signal message whose share is i is sent to the message processor ＃i,... For example, a signal whose quotient is M is distributed for routing to the message processor ＃M.

If the quotient exceeds M, then modular M is taken (step 6).

However, if the message handler corresponding to the quotient is in the factory state (step 7), the index is incremented by one and routed. That is, a signal message whose quotient is i must be routed to the message handler ＃ i, but if the message processor ＃ i fails, it is routed to the message processor ＃ (i + 1) (step 8).

If (i + 1) is M, it is regarded as 0. When the faulty message handler is recovered (step 9), the message handler address is assigned through step 5 of setting the message handler address (step 10), and the signal message by the assigned message processing is processed (step 11). The signal message that the processed message handler was processing in the normal state is recovered and routed.

MHSC

2^k) 값을 제2도에 도시한 바와같이 메시지 처리기 갯수 M으로 나누어 얻어진 몫에 근거하여 메시지 처리기로 상기와 같은 형태로 루팅하고, 메시지 처리기에 고장이 발생하였을 경우(단계 3), 고장난 메시지 처리기가 담당하던 메시지들의 MHSC를 메시지 처리기 갯수 M으로 나누어 얻어진 나머지에 근거하여 메시지 처리기로 상기와 같은 형태로 전환 루팅 하도록 한다.In other words, when the message processor ＃i is restored, MHSC is divided by M, and the message message whose i is the remainder is again in charge. In the routing method, the same effect can be obtained by changing the role of quotient and remainder as follows. Under normal conditions (step 3) without a fault in the message handler, MHSC (0

MHSC

2 ^k ) Root the message handler as described above based on the quotient obtained by dividing the number of message handlers by M, as shown in FIG. 2, and failing the message handler (step 3). The MHSC of the messages handled by the processor is divided by the number of message handlers M and converted to the message handler as described above.

When the routing method of the present invention is applied, the load imbalance ratio r is expressed as [2 ^k / M] / (2 ^k / M). Where [X] represents the smallest natural number greater than or equal to X. Thus, when the number of message handlers is 2 ⁿ (n is a natural number), r = 1 = 1, but the load balancing ratio r is greater than one. However, as K increases, the proportion of load imbalance decreases.

For example, when K = 8 and M = 15, r is small enough to be ignored by 1.056. Figure 5 shows an example in which the message is distributed evenly by applying the routing method of the present invention.

If the common line signaling device has 28,000 messages per second to process, if there are 16 message handlers and K of MHSC is selected as 8 bits, the load sharing status of each message handler in steady state is as shown in FIG. The message handlers are each distributed to process 1,750 signal messages per second.

If the message processor # 0 fails, according to the above method, it is distributed as shown in FIG. In this case, message handler # 1 is assigned a little more load than other message handlers, but it is a temporary situation until the message handler is recovered and is the best load sharing transition.

Therefore, by using the routing method of the present invention, it is possible to improve the signal message processing performance of the device by having an equal load sharing between a plurality of message processors for processing the signal message in the common line signal device.

It is easy to distribute or evenly distribute the relevant traffic to other available message handlers in the event of a steady state as well as a failure of the message handler.

In addition, when the message processor is congested, the congestion can easily be easily reduced by changing the telephone network routing, that is, changing the CIC.

Claims (6)

Signal messages from other exchanges are sent from the message processor to the user processor through the control communication network through the signal terminal and the signal terminal network, or signal messages generated from multiple user processor processors are used to control the signal terminal network from the message processor through the control network. In an internal routing method of improving signal message processing performance by sending a signal to a signal terminal, the lower K bits of the circuit identification code (CIC) commonly present in the signal message are input to the message processor selection code. Step 2 setting to (MHSC) and step 3 to check if there is a message handler failed by step 2, and MHSC (0

MHSC

2 ^k ) setting a message handler address by dividing the value by the number of message handlers M, and setting the message handler address by dividing the MHSC of messages in charge of the failed message handler by the number of message handlers M when the message handler fails. Step 4, step 6 of taking a modular M when the share divided in step 4 exceeds M, and step 7 of determining whether the message handler (i) corresponding to the share is a failure and message processor ＃ ( a step 8 of routing to switch to i + 1), a step 9 of confirming that the failed message handler has been recovered, and a step 5 of setting a message handler address when the message handler (i) having failed by step 9 is recovered; Step 10 of assigning the message handler address through step 5 and processing of the signaling message by the assigned message processing are performed. An internal routing method for improving the signal message processing performance of the common line signaling device to improve the signal message processing performance according to system 11. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein setting the message handler address is MHSC (0).

MHSC

2 ^k ) The internal routing method for improving the signal message processing capability of the common line signaling device, characterized in that the value is divided by the number of message processors M and set to M message processors by the remainder obtained. The method of claim 2, wherein when a failure occurs in a part of the M message processors, the MHSC value of the messages in charge of the failed message processor is divided by M, and the modular M is set according to the value obtained by taking the M. Internal routing method to improve signal message processing performance of common line signal device. 4. The internal routing method of claim 3, wherein the index increases by one when the message processor corresponding to the quotient is broken. The signal message processing of the common line signaling device according to claim 3, wherein when the message processor in which the failure has occurred is recovered, the recovered message processor recovers MHSC values of the signal messages which were previously in charge and processes the signal message. Internal routing method for improved performance. The method of claim 1, wherein when the number of bits of the message processing selection code is K, K is (1).

K

An internal routing method for improving the signal message processing performance of the common line signal device, characterized in that 12).

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