KR920007812B1 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Air conditioner

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle flow diagram of an air conditioner.

2 is a control circuit diagram.

3 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle in heating operation mode.

4 is an explanatory diagram of outdoor fan control.

5 is a flowchart.

6 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle in a heating operation mode showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a diagram showing an on-pinning relationship between an evaporation temperature and an electromagnetic flow rate control valve.

8 is a Moliere diagram of a conventional cycle.

9 is a Moliere diagram of the cycle of the present invention.

10 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle in a heating operation mode showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

11 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an evaporation temperature and an anisotropic valve.

12 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle in a heating operation mode showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle in a heating operation mode showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a system diagram of a conventional cycle.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

A: Outdoor unit B: Multi control unit

1: compressor 3: outdoor heat exchanger

11, 12, 13: indoor unit 11a, 12a, 13a: indoor heat exchanger

34a-34c: Temperature sensor

The present invention relates to a multi-type air conditioner capable of simultaneously operating cooling and heating according to the requirements of each indoor unit.

BACKGROUND ART A multi-type air conditioner including a plurality of indoor units for one outdoor unit and connected to each other by a refrigerant pipe to configure a heat pump type refrigeration cycle is known.

This multi type air conditioner is configured as shown, for example, in FIG.

That is, A is an outdoor unit, and the outdoor unit A is provided with a variable capacity compressor (hereinafter referred to as compressor 1) by an inverter, and the discharge side is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the four-way valve 2. Connected.

This outdoor heat exchanger (3) is connected to the liquid tank (6) via a parallel circuit of a heating expansion valve (4) and a backflow check valve (5), which is connected to a plurality of indoor units through a multi-control unit (B), which will be described later. Connected.

The above-described indoor unit is composed of the first, second and third indoor units 11, 12, and 13, and the multi-control unit B corresponds to the first to third indoor units 11-13. Airflow control valves 14a, 14b and 14c of the refrigerant connected to the liquid tank 6 are installed, and the first through the parallel circuits of the backflow check valve 16 and the cooling expansion valve 15 It is connected to the 3rd indoor unit 11-13.

In addition, the first-third indoor units 11-13 are independently connected to the four-way valve 2 with an anisotropic valve 17 provided independently.

In addition, the outdoor fan 8a, 8b, 8c controls the outdoor unit A, the multi-control unit B, and the first-third indoor units 11-13 as control units, respectively. have.

Therefore, when cooling the first to third indoor units 11 to 13, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 as shown by the solid arrows indicates that the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is discharged through the four-way valve 2. Condensation.

The liquefied refrigerant exchanges the indoor heat of the first indoor unit (11) through the backflow stop valve (4), the liquid tank (6), the electromagnetic flow control valves (14a) (14b) (14c), and the cooling expansion valve (15). Evaporates to the air.

In addition, when heating the first to third indoor units 11 to 13, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 may be discharged through the four-way valve 2 and the two-way valve 17 as indicated by the broken arrow. -Led to third indoor units 11-13 and radiated to each indoor heat exchanger.

In this way, the cooling operation or the heating operation can be performed at the request of the first-third indoor units 11-13, and only one or two of the first-third indoor units 11-13 are operated. Can be cooled or heated and the rest can be stopped.

However, as described above, the conventional multi-type air conditioner can switch between the cooling operation or the heating operation, but cannot cope with the separate demand of the indoor unit.

In other words, in a building with a computer room, a ferry meta zone, and a large building with an interior zone, the demand for cooling operation and heating operation may occur at the same time. For example, if the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 request a cooling operation and the third indoor unit 13 requires a heating operation, it can be operated at the same time as a request for cooling operation and heating operation. There is a problem that one driving is prioritized and the other driving cannot be performed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is that each indoor unit can simultaneously perform cooling operation and heating operation according to a separate request, while heating load is larger than cooling load during simultaneous operation of cooling and heating. In the heating operation mode of the heating priority mode, an air conditioner capable of detecting and automatically regenerating the air conditioner even if it lands on the indoor unit in the cooling operation on the non-priority side.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention installs a temperature sensor in each indoor unit, and installs a multi-control unit so that cooling and heating can be simultaneously operated according to individual requirements for each indoor unit.

When the heating load is greater than the cooling load during the simultaneous operation of cooling and heating, when the heating signal is input from the temperature sensor of the indoor unit during the cooling operation in the non-priority side during the heating operation mode of the heating priority mode, The supply of refrigerant to the standstill or limit can be automatically defrosted.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and the same components in the related art shown in FIG.

1 to 5 show the first embodiment, wherein the discharge side of the compressor 1 is branched into the first discharge tube 21 and the second discharge tube 22.

The second discharge pipe 22 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 via the first anisotropic valve 23.

In addition, the suction side of the compressor 1 also branches into the first suction tube 24 and the second suction tube 25, and the second suction interval 25 passes through the second anisotropic valve 26 to the first anisotropy. It is connected to the 2nd discharge pipe 2 between the valve 23 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3. As shown in FIG.

In addition, the liquid flow valve (27) is installed in parallel with the heating expansion valve (4) on the liquid line side of the outdoor thermal bridge (3), and the electromagnetic flow control valve (28) is installed in series in the reverse flow control valve (5). The flow control valve 28 is provided in parallel with the expansion valve 4 for heating.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned first discharge pipe 21 is branched corresponding to the first to third indoor units 11-13 and is formed through the third anisotropic valves 29a-29c. It is connected to the indoor heat exchangers 11a-13a of the first-third indoor units 11-13.

In addition, the above-described first suction pipe 24 is also branched corresponding to the first to third indoor units 11-13, and has a third anisotropy through the fourth anisotropic valves 30a-30c. It is connected between the valves 29a-29c and the first to third indoor units 11-13.

Various detection devices and control devices are added to the multi-type refrigeration cycle configured in this way.

That is, as the detection device, the pressure sensor 31 is provided on the gas line side of the seal and the heat exchanger 3 described above, and the first temperature sensor 32 is provided on the liquid line side, and on the liquid line side of the multi control unit B. The second temperature sensor 33 is installed.

Further, heat exchanger temperature sensors 34a-34c for detecting the temperature are provided in the indoor heat exchangers 11a-13a of the first to third indoor units 13.

As a control device, an outdoor controller 8a, a multi-control unit 8b, and an indoor control unit 8c are provided.

Next, each control part 8a-8c mentioned above is demonstrated based on FIG.

First, the outdoor control part 8a consists of a microcomputer and its peripheral circuit, and the inverter circuits 51 and 52 are connected to the exterior.

The inverter circuits 51 and 52 rectify the voltage of the AC power source 53, which is converted into an AC voltage of a predetermined frequency by switching according to the command of the outdoor controller 8a, and the motor 1M of the compressor 1 And motor 7M of the outdoor fan 7 as driving power.

The multi-control unit 8b is composed of a microcomputer and a peripheral circuit thereof, and has external electromagnetic flow control valves 14 and 28 and third anisotropic valves 29a-29c and a fourth anisotropic valve 30a-. 30c is connected.

In addition, the multi-control unit 8b receives a detection temperature from heat exchanger temperature sensors 34a-34c for detecting the temperatures of the indoor heat exchangers 11a-13a.

In addition, the indoor control unit 8c is installed independently of each of the first-made indoor units 11-13, which are composed of a microcomputer and its peripheral circuits, and the control unit 54 and the room temperature sensing temperature outside. The sensor 55 is connected.

Next, the operation of the multi-type air conditioner configured as described above will be described.

3 shows a case where the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 are heating operation, and the third indoor unit 13 is cooling operation.

In this case, since the heating load is greater than the cooling load, the system operates in the so-called heating mode, which selects the heating mode and takes precedence.

That is, the first anisotropic valve 23 of the outdoor unit A is closed, the second anisotropic valve 26 is opened, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to the second suction pipe 25 of the compressor 1. And act as an evaporator.

Meanwhile, the third anisotropic valves 29a and 29b of the multi control unit B are open, the anisotropic valve 29c is closed, and the fourth anisotropic valves 30a and 30b are closed and the anisotropic valve 30c. Is open.

Accordingly, the first and second execution units 11 and 12 are connected to communicate with the first discharge pipe 21 of the compressor 1, and the third indoor unit 13 is connected to the first suction pipe 24. Through the suction side of the compressor (1).

Moreover, the operating frequency of the compressor 1 is determined by the inverter circuit 51 so that the capability of the heating side with a large load is fully exhibited.

In this state, when the compressor 1, the outdoor fan 7, and the indoor fan (not shown) of the first to third indoor units 11 to 13 are driven, the flow of the refrigerant is as shown by the arrows in FIG. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is led to the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 and liquefied by heating therein.

The liquefied refrigerant exits the liquid line through the backflow stop valve 16, the electromagnetic flow control valves 14a and 14b.

At this time, the openings of the electromagnetic flow rate control valves 14a and 14b are controlled in response to the load of the room, and the flow rate distribution of the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 is controlled.

Since the operating frequency of the compressor 1 is determined by the inverter circuit 51 so that the capacity | capacitance of the heating side with a large load is fully exhibited, the heating capability exhibits the capability corresponding to a load.

Some of the liquefied refrigerant flows toward the third indoor unit 13 and the other part flows toward the outdoor unit A.

After the refrigerant flowing toward the third indoor unit 13 is depressurized through the electromagnetic flow control valve 14c and the cooling expansion valve 15, the refrigerant is led to the third indoor unit 13 and cooled therein. It is sucked into the compressor 1.

At this time, the solenoid flow control valve 14c, which was connected to the third indoor unit 13, is fully opened, and the flow rate is controlled by the cooling expansion valve 15. At the same time, the cooling expansion valve 15 is connected to the third indoor unit. Since the flow rate is controlled so that the superheat 15S of the outlet gas refrigerant of the unit 13 is constant, a constant ability determined by the size and the room temperature of the third indoor unit 13 is determined by the third indoor unit 13. Can be exercised.

In addition, all of the electromagnetic flow control valves 14c connected to the third indoor unit 13 are normally opened, but the temperature sensor 55 for detecting the room temperature of the third indoor unit 13 stops by detecting the set room temperature. In this case, it is closed in response to a signal input from the outdoor control unit 8c to the multi control unit 8b.

As described above, the liquid refrigerant flowing into the outdoor unit A is decompressed by the cooling expansion valve 4 and then evaporated by the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and joined with the refrigerant from the third indoor unit 13. Is sucked into the compressor (1).

At this time, the heating expansion valve 4 is controlled such that the refrigerant superheat 4S before joining the compressor 1 after joining is constant.

At this time, the output signal of the pressure sensor 31 installed on the gas line side of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is input to the indoor control unit 8a, and the outdoor fan 7 controls the voltage supplied to the driving motor 7M. The air volume of the outdoor fan 7 is controlled so that the pressure of the pressure sensor 31 becomes a constant value.

This is, for example, a control for preventing the cooling capacity of the third indoor unit 13 from being exerted because the evaporation temperature of the cycle becomes high when the external air temperature is high.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when the outside air temperature rises, the evaporation pressure rises and exceeds 6 kg / cm < 2 >, the voltage to the motor 7M of the outdoor fan 7 decreases and the air volume of the outdoor fan 7 falls. .

In this case, since the evaporator in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 decreases and the liquid tends to retreat, the closing of the expansion valve 4 for heating is increased.

Therefore, the evaporation temperature is lowered and the evaporation temperature of the room is also lowered, thereby exhibiting sufficient cooling capacity.

Thus, the ability of cooling operation is fully exhibited by controlling the air volume of the outdoor fan 7.

However, as described above, when the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 are heated and the third indoor unit 13 is cooled, the outside air temperature is 0 ° C. or lower, and the third indoor unit ( The indoor heat exchanger 13a of 13) also becomes 0 degrees C or less, and is conceived.

However, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 13a is detected by the heat exchange temperature sensor 34c and the detection signal is input to the multi control unit 8b.

Therefore, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, when the heat exchange temperature sensor 34c detects 0 ° C. or less (step 1), the timer is turned on (step 2), and the timer time passes for a predetermined time, for example, 30 minutes. (Step 3), the closing signal (step 4) enters the electromagnetic flow rate control valve 14c in the multi-control part 8b, and the electromagnetic flow rate control valve 14c is closed, and refrigerant supply to the 3rd indoor unit 13 is carried out. Stop.

At this time, since the indoor fan is rotated, the frost attached to the indoor heat exchanger 13a is melted according to the indoor air.

When the defrost of the indoor heat exchanger 13a is completed and the heat exchange temperature sensor 34c detects 5 ° C. or more (step 5), the electromagnetic flow control valve 14a is opened in accordance with a signal from the multi-control unit 8b. The coolant is supplied to the indoor unit 13 of 3 to start the cooling operation again.

During the defrosting, the indoor fan is in operation and the frost is melted, so the cold air is discharged to continue the cooling operation. The heating operation of the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 is controlled by the hot air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. As a result, the heating capacity according to the load can be exhibited, so that the normal heating operation state can be maintained.

6 shows the second embodiment, in which electromagnetic flow control valves 35a-35c are provided between each of the indoor units 11-13 and the third anisotropic valves 29a-29c. It is.

As in the first embodiment, when the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 are heated and the third indoor unit 13 is cooled, the outside air temperature is low and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 When the evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 13a is 10 ° C. or lower, the heat exchange temperature sensor 34c of the heat exchanger 13a of the indoor heat exchanger 13a of the third indoor unit 13 detects this temperature and The detection signal is input to the multi control unit 8b to control the opening of the electromagnetic flow rate control valve 35c based on FIG.

That is, the third controls the opening of the electromagnetic flow control valve 35c on the outlet side of the indoor unit 13a in accordance with the evaporation temperature, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and Even though the evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 13a changes and the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 decreases, the evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 13a becomes 0 ° C or higher to freeze the third indoor unit 13. Can be prevented and cooling operation can be continued.

FIG. 10 shows the third embodiment, in which the fifth anisotropic valves 36a-36c and the capillary tubes 37a-37c are paralleled to the fourth anisotropic valves 30a-30c. You are connected.

And as in the first and second embodiments, when the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 are heated and the third indoor unit 13 is cooled, the outside air temperature is low and the outdoor heat exchanger When the evaporation temperature of (3) and the indoor heat exchanger 13a is 5 ° C. or less, the heat exchange temperature sensor 34c of the indoor heat exchanger 13a of the third indoor unit 13 detects this temperature and detects the detected signal. The evaporation temperature (pressure) is lowered by inputting to the multi control unit 8b and closing the fourth anisotropic valve 30c and opening the fifth anisotropic valve 36c as shown in FIG.

By repeating this pattern, the evaporation temperature (pressure) of the indoor heat exchanger 13a can be controlled within a predetermined range, thereby ensuring sufficient cooling capacity.

FIG. 12 shows the fourth embodiment in which electromagnetic flow control valves 38a-38c are connected to the fourth anisotropic valves 30a-30c in parallel thereto.

These electromagnetic flow rate control valves 38a-38c are usually in a fully closed state.

And as in the first, second and third embodiments, when the first and second indoor units 11 and 12 are heated and the third indoor unit 13 is cooled, the outside air temperature is low. When the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 13a is 10 ° C. or less, the heat exchange temperature sensor 34c of the indoor heat exchanger 13a of the third indoor unit 13 detects this temperature. The detection signal is input to the multi-control section 8b, the electromagnetic flow control valves 38a-38c are fully open, and the fourth anisotropic valves 30a-30c are then closed.

When the evaporation temperature is lowered, the evaporation temperature can be controlled within a certain range by gradually reducing the openings of the electromagnetic flow rate control valves 38a-38c in the pattern shown in FIG.

In FIG. 13, as shown in the fifth embodiment, in each embodiment, an adjusting device is provided corresponding to the first to third indoor units 11 to 13, but in this embodiment, the fourth anisotropic valve 30a is provided. One electromagnetic flow control valve 39 is provided between -30c and the suction side of the compressor 1.

This electromagnetic flow rate control valve 39 is normally in a fully open state.

When the evaporation temperature is lowered, the openings of the electromagnetic flow rate control valves 38a-38c are gradually reduced in the pattern shown in Fig. 7, so that the evaporation temperature can be controlled within a predetermined range, thereby obtaining sufficient cooling capability.

In addition, the above-mentioned indoor unit is not limited to three, and may be four or more.

As described above, according to the present invention, the cooling and heating can be simultaneously operated according to the requirements of each indoor unit, so that the cooling and heating can be simultaneously operated in different rooms, and have a large building with a computer room, a perimeter zone, and an interior zone. Even if the demands for cooling operation and heating operation occur simultaneously at the same time in the building, it can cope with it, and it is effective to exert its proper ability in spite of external factors such as fluctuations in outside temperature.

In addition, even when the indoor unit is in the cooling operation in the heating operation mode during the cooling operation and heating at the same time, it can be detected and automatically defrosted to ensure sufficient cooling capacity.

Claims (1)

Outdoor unit (A) with compressor (1), outdoor heat exchanger (3), outdoor fan (7), indoor heat exchangers (11a) (12a) (13a), and a plurality of indoor units (11) with indoor fan (12) and (13) and an air conditioner having a multi-control unit (B) for controlling the flow rate and the flow path of the refrigerant supplied from the outdoor unit to each indoor unit, wherein each indoor unit is connected to an indoor heat exchanger. And a temperature sensor 34a, 34b, 34c for outputting an idea signal representing an idea, and the multi-control unit B simultaneously controls the cooling and heating between different indoor units according to the needs of the plurality of indoor units. Refrigerant flow path control device which enables execution of the operation mode, and conception from the temperature sensor of the indoor unit executing the cooling operation mode while the outdoor unit is operating in the selected heating operation mode at the time of executing both the cooling and heating operation modes. Heat exchanger of the indoor unit when a signal is input A group of the refrigerant air conditioning to the supply characterized in that a control device to stop or limit the.

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