KR920006886B1 - Hand operated transmission of synchro meshing divice - Google Patents

Abstract

A cynchronous gearing device of manufal transmission comprises a hub, a cynchronizer ring, a retainer spring and a sleeve. The hub fixed on a shaft forms a flat groove and long and short splines uniformly spaced. The cynchronizer ring forms three grooves, uniformly spaced, for installing to the hub. Gears mde up of four teeth are placed on each grooves symmetrically. The internal screw part formed in the cynchronizer ring generates friction foce onto the cones of clutch gears. The retainer spring has three lugs to be inserted in the grooves of the cynchronizer ring. The sleeve engaged with the hub cynchronizer ring. The sleeve engaged with the hub and rotates along with the hub, and forms splines in it.

Description

Synchronous Interlock of Manual Transmission for Automobile

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional keyed synchronizer.

2 is a view for explaining the synchronization process of the synchronizer of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a ball type synchronizer as another example of the related art, in which a synchronous engagement state is also shown.

4 is a side cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the synchronizer of the present invention.

5 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing a main part configuration of the present invention.

6 is a view showing a hub of the present invention, FIG. 6A is a partial plan view, and FIG. 6B is a front view of FIG. 6A.

7 is a front view of the synchronizer ring of the present invention.

8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a retainer ring of the present invention.

9 is a view showing the configuration of the sleeve of the present invention.

10 is a view showing a sleeve tooth surface of the present invention.

11 is a diagram when the synchronizer of the present invention is in a neutral state.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

40: shaft 43, 44: clutch gear

45, 46: cone portion 47: synchronizer ring

49: hub 50: groove

51: short spline 52: long spline

60: protrusion 61: sleeve

The present invention relates to a synchronous gear of a manual transmission for a vehicle, and in more detail, a synchronous gear of a manual transmission for a vehicle that can improve the durability by preventing components of the synchronizer and prevent overshifting. It is about.

Transmission is installed between the clutch and the propulsion shaft serves to increase or decrease the torque of the engine (Engine) in accordance with the change in the driving state of the vehicle.

It also plays a role of cracking down the connection between the engine and the driving wheel for a certain time when adjusting the engine or warming up the engine.

Such a transmission is generally divided into a manual transmission in which a driver directly operates the clutch and the transmission, and an automatic transmission in which the clutch and the transmission are automatically operated by hydraulic pressure.

Generally, a synchronous engagement device is comprised of a synchronizer hub, a sleeve, a synchronizer key, a synchronizer ring, a synchronizer spring, and the like.

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional keyed synchronizer, in which the splines 2 of the main shaft 1 are fitted with the hubs 3 so as to rotate together with the hops 4 on the outer periphery of the hubs 3. The key 5 is inserted in this form.

On the outside of the hub 3, the sleeve 6 is fitted with a spline so as to be movable in the axial direction. A spring 7 is provided inside the key 5 to the inner surface of the sleeve 6. The state of close contact is maintained.

By this structure, the projection part 8 of the key 5 is located in the inner groove of the sleeve 6.

The synchronizer ring 12 is positioned in the cone portion 11 formed in the clutch gear 10 integrated with the speed gear 9 so as to cause friction during shifting.

The threaded portion is formed inside the synchronizer ring 12 to increase the frictional force with the cone portion 11, and the tip portion of the key 5 is positioned in the groove portion 13 formed outward.

In the conventional keyed synchronizer configured as described above, when the transmission gear shift lever is operated, the sleeve 6 moves.

As a result, the key 5 holding the protrusion 8 held by the inner spline groove of the sleeve 6 moves together and pushes the groove 13 of the synchronizer ring 12.

As the sleeve 6 continues to move, the screw portion of the synchronizer ring 12 is brought into close contact with the cone portion 11 and the speed gear 9 starts to receive rotational force.

This is the state of FIG. 2A, whereby the key 5 is in contact with the groove 13 side of the synchronizer ring 12.

As the sleeve 6 continues to move, friction torque is generated in the synchronizer ring 12 by the contact between the sleeve chamfer 6 'and the ring chamfer 13' as shown in FIG. Will be

With this action, when the speed gear 9 and the synchronizer ring 12 are synchronized, the synchronizer ring 12 enters the spline of the sleeve 6, and the sleeve 6 is continuously moved in accordance with the continuous movement of the sleeve 6. ) And the spline of the clutch gear 10 are locked to transmit power (see FIGS. 2C, 2D, and 2E).

In the synchronizer having such a configuration, a groove 4 is formed at the outer circumference of the hub 3 so that the key 5 is coupled, and the groove 13 at which the tip of the key 5 is located is synchronized with the synchronizer ring 12. Since it is formed in the structurally weak problem, there is a crack in the groove 13 in the actual vehicle state is a factor unless the gear shifting is made smoothly.

3 is a view showing the configuration and synchronization state of a conventional ball synchronizer, in which two gears 15 and 16 are freely assembled on the shaft 14, and each gear has an external tooth 17, ( It is fixed with the splines 19 and 20 which hold | maintains 18, and is made to contact the synchronizer rings 21 and 22. As shown in FIG.

A hub 23 is connected to the shaft 14 between the gears 15 and 16, and the outer spline of the hub 23 is engaged with the inner spline 25 of the sleeve 24 in the axial direction. It is assembled to be movable.

The hub 23 is formed with a bore 26, in which a piston 27 is inserted and supported by a spring 28.

A hydraulic plate 29 having a “V” shaped surface is fixed to the tip of the piston 27. The ball 30 positioned on the hydraulic plate 29 penetrates the pushing plate 31. It is in close contact with the groove 32 of the sleeve 24.

3A and 3B are state diagrams at the time of neutrality, in which the ball 30 is located at the center of the cap surface of the hydraulic plate 29 and at the groove 32.

3C and 3D are state diagrams at the start of synchronization. As the sleeve 24 moves in the axial direction, the ball 30 is pushed and the pushing plate 31 is pushed.

As the pushing plate 31 is pushed as described above, the synchronizer ring 22 is pushed to cause friction with the cone 20.

At this time, the piston 27 is pressed into the bore 26 as the spring 28 is compressed as the ball 30 is released from the groove 32 and pressurizes the hydraulic plate 29.

Therefore, when the synchronizer ring 22 is in the broken position, the sleeve 24 is brought into contact with the spline chamfer 33 and the synchronizer ring chamfer 34 as shown in FIG. 3D until synchronization is completed. Will continue to push the synchronizer ring 22.

In this state, when the synchronizer ring 22 and the cone 20 have the same rotation speed, the splines 25 of the sleeve 24 and the splines 18 of the clutch gear as shown in FIGS. 3E and 3F are also shown. ) Is locked and synchronization is completed.

However, the synchronizer of such a configuration has difficulty in assembling because the ball and the piston must be assembled with three springs each, and there is a problem in that the shifting performance is not excellent even though the number of parts is complicated.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention is to simplify the components and to improve the durability of the mechanism, to prevent over-shifting for automobiles To provide a synchronization matching device of.

In order to realize the object as described above, the present invention is a planar groove and a short spline portion formed in three places at equal intervals and having a long spline portion therebetween and fixed to the shaft and the hub, and the internal The grooves are formed at equal intervals in three places, and four gears are formed in a pair, respectively, and are disposed on the left and right sides of these grooves, and a screw part is formed therein, which causes a strong frictional force with the cone part of the clutch gear, and the groove of the ring. Retainer springs are arranged at equal intervals in the lug to be fitted to the three places, splines axially coupled to the outer circumference of the hub and rotated together are formed at equal intervals in the inner circumference and the splines The short spline is formed on both sides of the slit, and the sleeve consists of a plurality of long splines. Synchronous engagement of a manual transmission for automobiles where the inner spline pushes the retainer spring by the operation of the pline and the chamfer of the short spline pushes the ring chamfer to synchronize, and then the long spline is engaged with the external gear of the clutch gear. To provide.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 is a side cross-sectional view of the synchronous engagement device of the present invention, in which two gears 41 and 42 are freely assembled on the shaft 40. Each of these gears 41 and 42 is associated with cones 45 and 46 which hold clutch gears 43 and 44, and these cones 45 and 46 are synchronized with the synchronizer ring. 47), (48).

A hub 49 is positioned between the gears 41 and 48 and connected to the shaft 40. The hub 49 has a spline-free groove 50 as shown in FIG. Short splines 51 and long splines 52 are formed.

FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the synchronizer ring 47, in which thread portions 54 holding oil grooves 53 are formed on the inner circumference, and grooves 55 are formed at equal intervals in three circumferences. It is.

Gears 56 are formed on the left and right sides of the groove 55, respectively, and smooth portions 57 are provided in order to be completely engaged with the inside of the hub 49.

The above-mentioned gears 56 have a set of four, two on each side, and the gear 56 has a chamfer 56 '. A retainer spring 57 is provided in the groove 55 of the synchronizer ring 47 as shown in FIG.

8 is a view showing the structure of the retainer spring 57. The opening 58 is formed at one side in the form of a band-like band, and the annular lug 59 is formed at equal intervals on the circumference.

Moreover, the projection 60 for preventing rotation of the retainer spring 57 is provided in one place.

On the outer circumferential spline of the hub 49, a sleeve 61 is provided in the axial direction.

9 is a view showing the configuration of the sleeve 61, the splines 62 are formed at equal intervals on the inner circumference and the splines 62 are located between the retainer springs 57 during assembly.

One short spline 63 is formed on each of the left and right sides of the spline 62, and a smooth portion 64 without splines is formed on the left and right sides of the short spline 63. The smooth portion 64 is formed by one spline width, and a long spline 65 is formed in contact with this.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing only a part of the above structure in order to more clearly understand the above structure. A chamfer 66 is formed on the side of the spline 62, and a short spline 63 and a long spline 65 are formed. Also, chamfers 67 and 68 are formed, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 5, the retainer spring 57 is formed with a curvature 69 in contact with the chamfer 66 formed on the spline 62 of the sleeve 61.

In the synchronous registration device of the present invention configured as described above, the shift fork is shifted when the shift fork is interlocked to move the sleeve 61 in the axial direction when the shift lever is operated.

When the sleeve 61 continues to move, the chamfer 66 of the spline 62 comes into contact with the curvature 69 of the retainer spring 57 and the A portion presses the lug 59.

At the same time, the chamfer 67 formed in the short spline 63 of the sleeve 61 causes surface friction with the chamfer portion 56 'of the synchronizer ring 47, as shown in FIG. Motivation is achieved.

In this state, when the sleeve 61 continues to move, the synchronizer ring 47 is indexed so that the short spline 63 of the sleeve 61 passes, and the long spline 65 moves in accordance with the movement of the sleeve 61. Long spline 65 and clutch gear 43 of sleeve 61 as indexed in contact with chamfer 56 and clutch gear 43 or 44 or 44 '44 of 44). Is fully locked and the entire synchronization process is over.

After the synchronization is completed, even if the sleeve 61 continues to be pushed, the chamfer 66 'of the spline 62 interferes with the inner surface portion 43a of the clutch gear 43 so that no further shifting is performed.

As described above, the synchronous engagement device of the present invention can simplify the structure by causing the inner spline of the sleeve to push the retainer spring without using the key and the short spline chamfer to push the chamfer of the ring to synchronize. The index amount is controlled by the gear side of the synchronizer ring and the gear side of the hub, and the number of splines of the hub is small and friction with the spline of the sleeve is reduced, so that smooth shifting is achieved. Since the side of the clutch gear is in contact with each other, the overshifting is prevented, and since the key is excluded, the key grooves of the ring are not formed, thereby making it structurally robust, thereby improving the reliability of the mechanism.

Claims (5)

A flat groove 50 and a short spline 51 are formed at equal intervals, and a long spline 52 is formed therebetween, the hub 49 being fixed to the shaft 40, and the interior of the hub 49 The grooves 55 are formed at equal intervals in three places, and the four gears 56 are formed in one set, and are disposed at the left and right sides of the grooves, respectively, and a threaded portion 54 is formed therein, so that the clutch gears 43 and 44 are formed. The synchronizing ring 47 causing strong friction with the cone portions 45 and 46 of the concave portion, and the lugs 59 for fitting into the grooves 55 of the synchronizing ring 47 are arranged at equal intervals in three places. The retainer spring 57 is coupled to the outer circumference of the hub 49 in the axial direction and rotates in total, and a spline 62 positioned between the retainer springs 57 is formed at equal intervals therein, Short splines 63 are formed on both sides of the spline, and a plurality of long splines 65 are formed. The retainer spring is operated by the sleeve 61 and the ring spring is synchronized by the short spline chamfer and the long spline part of the sleeve and the external value of the clutch gear are synchronized. Synchronous gearing device for a manual transmission for automobiles. 2. The synchronous engagement device of claim 1, wherein after the synchronization is completed, the spline chamfer of the sleeve and the side surface of the clutch gear contact each other to prevent overshifting. The synchronous engagement device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of splines formed on the inner circumference of the sleeve are each formed with a chamfer. The synchronous engagement device of a manual transmission for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the retainer spring is provided with a projection (60) to prevent rotation. 2. A synchronous structure according to claim 1, wherein a ring 47 having no key groove is inherent in the hub 49, and the chamfer 56 of the ring is sandwiched between the long splines 52 of the hub and indexed. Braces.

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