JPH0583467U - Gearbox synchronizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To prevent idle rattling noise at low neutral speed and to prevent abnormal wear and seizure of frictional sliding parts at high neutral speed. [Structure] The synchronizer ring 38 is pressed toward the input gear 21 side via a synchronizer key 34, and the synchronizer ring 38 is brought into sliding contact with the friction taper surface 21a of the input gear 21 to reduce the rattling noise of the synchronizer ring 38. In the configured synchronizer 30 of the manual transmission 1, a ring-shaped key spring 35 is provided outside the synchro key 34, and the key spring 35 is held in a substantially natural state at a low neutral rotation speed and at the neutral high rotation speed. It is configured to be elastically deformed to the radially enlarged side by the centrifugal force of (3), and the synchro key 34 is moved outward so as not to press the synchronizer ring 38 toward the input gear 21 side at the time of neutral high rotation.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a synchronizing device for a manual transmission.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 Generally, as a manual transmission of an automobile, it is a constant mesh type manual transmission, and the rotation of one shaft member of the input shaft or the output shaft and the rotation of a gear member rotatably supported by this shaft member are synchronized. A manual transmission equipped with a synchronizing device to control the speed is widely used. Usually, as the synchronizer, a clutch hub concentrically fitted to the shaft member by a spline, a sleeve fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the clutch hub so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a circle between the clutch hub and the sleeve. A synchro key that is movably mounted in the radial direction at predetermined intervals around the circumference and urged outward through a key spring, and is fitted loosely on the boss of the gear member and can be spline-fitted on the sleeve. An inertia-lock-type synchronizer that has a synchronizer ring that has various gear splines on its outer circumference has been widely adopted.

By the way, in the synchronizer, when the synchronizer ring is loosely fitted onto the boss portion of the gear member, when the input shaft is rotated in the neutral state, the synchronizer ring causes the gear member or the gear member to rotate. There is a problem that idle rattling noise is generated when it contacts the sleeve and clutch hub. Therefore, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-99056, a pin member that can press the synchro key inward is provided at a position corresponding to the synchro key of the sleeve to rotate and drive the shift rod and the shift fork. A drive mechanism is provided, and when in neutral, the drive mechanism rotates the shift fork to press the synchro key inward, and the synchronizer ring is forced to slide against the friction taper surface of the gear member to reduce idle rattle noise. A synchronizer configured to do so is described. There is also a synchronizer in which a sleeve is forcibly positioned on the gear member side via a shift rod and a shift fork so that the synchronizer ring slides on the friction taper surface of the gear member when in neutral. On the other hand, even in the neutral state, it is known that when the accelerator pedal is depressed to increase the rotation speed of the input shaft, the synchronizer ring is positioned by centrifugal force and the Aldol gear rattling noise does not occur.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 As described above, when the idler rattling noise is reduced by forcibly sliding the synchronizer ring against the friction taper surface of the gear member, the accelerator pedal is depressed to increase the rotation speed of the input shaft, and Even if the striking noise does not occur, the synchronizer ring is brought into sliding contact with the friction taper surface of the gear member, so that there is a problem that the friction sliding portion between the synchronizer ring and the gear member is abnormally worn or seized. An object of the present invention is to provide a transmission synchronizing device capable of preventing idle gear rattling noise at low neutral rotation speed and preventing abnormal wear and seizure of a friction sliding portion at high neutral rotation speed. .

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The synchronizer according to claim 1 is a synchronizer for a manual transmission, wherein the synchronizer ring is pressed to the gear member side via a syncro key, and the friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring becomes the friction taper surface of the gear member. A transmission synchronizing device configured to reduce the rattling noise of a synchronizer by slidably contacting is provided with a releasing means for releasing the pressing force of the synchronizing key at a high rotation speed. Synchronizer.

A synchronizer according to a second aspect is the synchronizer according to the first aspect, wherein the release step includes a ring-shaped key spring provided outside a synchro key, and the key spring has a low rotation speed. At times, it is maintained in a substantially natural state, and at high rotation speeds, it is elastically deformed to the radial expansion side by the centrifugal force of the synchro key. The synchronizer according to claim 3 is the synchronizer according to claim 2, wherein a cone-shaped taper surface is formed on a portion of the synchronizer ring on the synchro key side, and the synchro key is slidably contacted with the taper surface of the synchronizer ring. This is a possible tapered surface.

[0007]

[Action]

 In the synchronizer according to the first aspect, the friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring is brought into sliding contact with the friction taper surface of the gear member to reduce the rattling noise of the synchronizer ring. Since the pressure is released and the friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring is separated from the friction taper surface of the gear member, abnormal wear and seizure of both friction taper surfaces are prevented.

In the synchronizer according to the second aspect, the releasing means includes a ring-shaped key spring provided on the outside of the synchro key, and the key spring is held in a substantially natural state at a low rotation speed, and at a high rotation speed. The centrifugal force of the synchro key elastically deforms to the radius expansion side. Therefore, the synchronizer ring is pressed to the gear member side via the synchronizer key at low speed, but at high speed the synchronizer key moves to the half-diameter expansion side together with the key spring, so that the synchronizer ring is pressed to the gear member side. The friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring is separated from the friction taper surface of the gear member, preventing abnormal wear and seizure of both friction taper surfaces.

According to another aspect of the synchronizer of the present invention, a cone-shaped taper surface is formed on a portion of the synchronizer ring on the synchro key side, and a taper surface capable of sliding contact with the taper surface of the synchronizer ring is formed on the synchro key. Since the tapered surface of the synchronizer ring is in sliding contact with the tapered surface of the synchronizer ring, it is easy to move the synchronized key to the radius expansion side.

[0010]

[Effect of the device]

 The following effects are obtained as described in the section of the operation. According to the synchronizer of the first aspect, since the releasing means for releasing the pressing force of the synchronizing key at the time of high rotation is provided, abnormal wear or seizure between the friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring and the friction taper surface of the gear member. Can be prevented.

According to the synchronizing device of the second aspect, by providing the releasing means provided with the ring-shaped key spring having a simple structure, the abnormality between the friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring and the friction taper surface of the gear member is abnormal. Wear and seizure can be prevented.

According to another aspect of the synchronizer of the present invention, a cone-shaped tapered surface is formed on a portion of the synchronizer ring on the side of the synchronizer key, and the tapered surface is slidable on the taper surface of the synchronizer ring. Since it is formed, it becomes easy to move the synchro key to the radius expansion side from the state where the taper surface of the synchronizer ring is in sliding contact with the taper surface of the synchronizer ring.

[0013]

【Example】

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to a synchronizing device for a manual transmission having five forward gears. The manual transmission 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a transmission case 2 having a substantially cylindrical shape is provided, and a transmission cover 3 made of steel plate is oil-tightly attached to the rear end of the transmission case 2. In the transmission case 2, the input shaft 6 connected to the engine output shaft 5 via the clutch 4 and the output shaft 7 arranged parallel to the input shaft 6 form a pair of front and rear bearing rings 8 and 9. Are rotatably supported via the input shaft 6 and the output shaft 7, and are provided with five forward gear devices 10 to 14 for first speed to fifth speed and a gear device 15 for reverse synchronization. , The input gears 16 to 21 on the input shaft 6 of the gear devices 10 to 15 and the output gears 22 to 27 on the output shaft 7 are always meshed with each other, and one gear 16, 17, 24 to 27 is integrally formed with the input shaft 6 or the output shaft 7 or is spline-fitted. Is configured to rotate integrally with Te, other gear 18-23 is relatively rotatably mounted on the input shaft 6 or the output shaft 7.

Between the gears 22 and 23 of the first and second speed gear devices 10 and 11, between the gears 18 and 19 of the third and fourth speed gear devices 12 and 13, and the fifth speed Further, between the gears 20 and 21 of the gear units 14 and 15 for reverse synchronization, there are provided synchronizers 28 to 30 for selectively coupling one of the gears 18 to 23 to the input shaft 6 or the output shaft 7, respectively. The synchronizing devices 28 to 30 are operated via a shift device (not shown) according to the operation of the shift lever. However, since the synchronization devices 28 and 29 have a general configuration, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The synchronizing device 30 for the fifth speed and reverse synchronization will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the input gears 20 and 21 of the gear devices 14 and 15 for the fifth speed and reverse synchronization are the input shafts. 6 are supported in the vicinity of the rear end of the shaft 6 so as to be rotatable relative to each other at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and a clutch hub 31 is concentrically spline-fitted to the input shaft 6 between the input gears 20 and 21. A sleeve 32 is spline-fitted in the outer peripheral portion so as to be movable in the axial direction, key accommodating portions 33 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the clutch hub 31 at predetermined circumferential intervals, and a synchro key is formed in the key accommodating portion 33. 34 is movably mounted in the radial direction, and the outer peripheral portion of the synchro key 34 is fixed to a pair of ring-shaped front and rear key springs 35 concentrically provided with the input shaft 6, and the key receiving portion 33. The engaging groove 32a is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the sleeve 32 corresponding to the above, and the engaging portion 34a having a substantially trapezoidal cross section is formed on the outer side portion of the synchronizing key 34 so as to project outward. Guide surfaces 36 that shrink outward are formed at both front and rear ends of the portion 34a. The synchro key 34 has its engaging portion 34a in an engaging groove while the key sprinkle 35 is held in a natural state. It is arranged in a rush form with a slight gap in the inside of 32a.

A boss portion 20a extending rearward is formed on the input gear 20, a gear spline 20b which can be spline-fitted to the sleeve 32 is formed on a front portion of the boss portion 20a, and a front portion is formed on a rear portion of the boss portion 20a. A friction taper surface 20c having a partially conical surface that expands in diameter is formed, and a synchronizer ring 37 that can be spline fitted to the sleeve 32 is externally fitted to the friction taper surface 20c. The input gear 21 is formed with a boss portion 21a extending forward, the boss portion 21a is formed with a friction taper surface 21b in the shape of a partially conical surface that expands rearward, and the friction taper surface 21b is splined on the sleeve 32. A engageable synchronizer ring 38 is externally fitted.

The parts of both the synchronizer rings 37, 38 on the clutch hub 31 side are wrapped inside the synchronizer key 34 by a predetermined width in the axial direction with a predetermined gap therebetween, and the parts facing the synchronizer key 34 of the synchronizer rings 37, 38. Is formed with a taper surface 39 on the lower side of the clutch hub 31. At both front and rear ends of the synchro key 34, a taper surface 40 slidably contactable with the taper surface 39 by the movement of the synchro key 34 in the axial direction is formed. ing. The inclination angle of the guide surface 36 is set to be significantly larger than the inclination angles of the tapered surfaces 39 and 40, and the axial length A of the rear end surface of the engaging groove 32a is the same as that of the base portion of the engaging portion 34a. The length is set to be slightly larger than the axial length B, and the key spring 35 is radiused by the centrifugal force of the synchro key 34 with the tapered surface 40 of the synchro key 34 slidingly contacting the tapered surface 39 of the synchronizer ring 38. The tapered surface 34 of the synchro key 34 can be separated from the tapered surface 39 of the synchronizer ring 38 by expanding to the expansion side and moving the synchro key 34 together with the key spring 35 outward. The engaging groove 32a, the engaging portion 34a, the key spring 35, the guide surface 36, the tapered surfaces 39, 40, etc. constitute a releasing means.

As shown in FIG. 2, the shift device is engaged with a shift rod 41 which is interlocked with a shift lever and an engagement groove 32 b which is fixed to a rear end portion of the shift rod 41 and is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the sleeve 32. 2 and the shift position of the sleeve 32 of the synchronizer 30 for the fifth speed and the reverse synchronization are shown in FIG. 2 as a reverse position and as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. This is a general structure that can be switched between a speed position, a neutral position shown by a solid line, and a neutral position shown by a solid line in FIG. The sleeve 32 is held in the neutral position while the shift lever is being operated in the first speed to the fourth speed.

Next, the operation of the synchronizer 30 will be described. When the shift lever is operated to the fifth speed position, the sleeve 32 moves forward through the shift rod 41 and the shift fork 42, and the tapered surface 40 of the synchro key 34 is first brought into pressure contact with the tapered surface 39 of the synchronizer ring 37. The synchronizer ring 37 moves forward, the synchronizer ring 37 is brought into frictional contact with the friction taper surface 20c, and the rotation of the input gear 20 rotates integrally with the input shaft 6 via the clutch hub 31. Is gradually synchronized with the synchronizer ring 37. Then, the synchro key 34 moves inward, the sleeve 32 is spline-fitted to the synchronizer ring 37, and after the rotations of the sleeve 32 and the input gear 20 are almost completely synchronized, the sleeve 32 moves to the fifth speed position. Then, the gear spline 20b of the input gear 20 is spline-fitted, and both are integrally coupled, and the rotation of the input shaft 6 is transmitted to the output shaft 7 via the input gear 20 and the output gear 26.

When the shift lever is operated to the reverse position, the front end portion of the engagement groove 32a of the sleeve 32 presses the front guide surface 36 of the engagement portion 34a of the synchro key 34, and the sleeve 32 moves rearward. First, the tapered surface 40 of the synchronizer key 34 is pressed against the tapered surface 39 of the synchronizer ring 38 to move the synchronizer ring 38 rearward, and the synchronizer ring 38 is frictionally pressed against the friction taper surface 21b. The rotation of 21 is gradually synchronized with the rotation of the sleeve 32 that rotates integrally with the input shaft 6 via the clutch hub 31 via the synchronizer ring 38. Then, the synchro key 34 is moved inward, the sleeve 32 is spline-fitted to the synchronizer ring 38, and the rotation of the sleeve 32 and the input gear 21 are substantially completely synchronized. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the idle gear 46 supported on the idle shaft 45 is moved rearward in conjunction with the rearward movement of the shift rod 41, and the idle gear 46 is integrally formed on the input shaft 6. The gear 47 and the output gear 48 formed on the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve 28a of the synchronizer 28 mesh with each other to transmit the rotational force in the direction opposite to the input shaft 6 to the output shaft 7.

When the shift lever is operated to the neutral position, the sleeve 32 moves to the neutral position, and the guide surface 36 on the front side of the engaging portion 34a of the synchro key 34 moves at the front end of the engaging groove 32a of the sleeve 32. Is pressed and the sync key 34 is moved rearward. At this time, when the rotation speed of the input shaft 6 is relatively low, as shown in FIG. 4, the key spring 35 is held in a substantially natural state, and the tapered surface 40 of the synchro key 34 causes the tapered surface 39 of the synchronizer ring 38. Is pressed, the synchronizer ring 38 is brought into sliding contact with the friction taper surface 21b, and the idle gear rattling noise caused by the contact of the synchronizer ring 38 with the synchronizer key 34 and the sleeve 32 is prevented. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the input shaft 6 is relatively high, as shown in FIG. 5, the key spring 35 is elastically deformed toward the radial expansion side by the centrifugal force of the synchro key 34 and the synchro key 34 is outwardly moved. By moving, almost all of the engaging portion 34a moves into the engaging groove 32a, and a gap is formed between the tapered surface 40 of the synchronizing key 34 and the tapered surface 39 of the synchronizer ring 38, and the synchronizer ring 38 becomes a friction taper surface. Since it is not pressed to the side of 21b, abnormal wear and seizure of the friction sliding portion between the synchronizer ring 38 and the friction taper surface 21b are prevented.

In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to the synchronizer 30 for 5th speed / reverse synchronization, but the present invention is also applied to the synchronizer 29 for 3rd / 4th speed provided on the input shaft 6. Can be similarly applied. Although the present invention is applied to the manual transmission 1 having five forward gears in the present embodiment, the present invention is also applied to a synchronizing device provided on an input shaft of a manual transmission having four forward gears and three forward gears. The same applies.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a manual transmission.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view around a synchronizer.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the synchronizer.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view at the time of neutral low rotation.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view at the time of neutral high rotation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Manual transmission 21 Input gear 21b Friction taper surface 30 Synchronous mechanism 32 Sleeve 32a Engagement groove 34 Synchro key 34a Engagement portion 35 Key spring 36 Guide surface 38 Synchronizer ring 39 Tapered surface 40 Tapered surface

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A synchronizer for a manual transmission, wherein a synchronizer ring is pressed to a gear member side via a synchronizer key, and a friction taper surface of the synchronizer ring is brought into sliding contact with a friction taper surface of the gear member. A synchronizer for a transmission, which is configured to reduce rattling noise of a ring, wherein release means is provided for releasing the pressing force of the synchro key at a high rotation speed. 2. The releasing means comprises a ring-shaped key spring provided on the outer side of the synchro key, the key spring is held in a substantially natural state at low rotation, and is radiused by centrifugal force of the synchro key at high rotation. The synchronization device for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the synchronization device is configured to elastically deform toward the enlargement side. 3. A cone-shaped taper surface is formed on a portion of the synchronizer ring on the synchro key side, and a taper surface capable of sliding contact with the taper surface of the synchronizer ring is formed on the synchro key. 2. The transmission synchronization device according to 2.