KR920006245B1 - Starter protective device - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Starter protection device

1 is a circuit diagram of a starter protection device according to an embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention.

2 is a characteristic diagram showing a starter terminal voltage and a starter current for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the calculation circuit of FIG.

4 and 5 are circuit diagrams of embodiments other than the starter protection device of the present invention.

6 is a characteristic diagram for explaining the operation of a conventional starter protection device.

7 is a circuit diagram of a starter protection device according to an embodiment according to the second aspect of the present invention.

8 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional starter protection device.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: battery 2: starter

3: starter motor 4: electronic switch

5: operation circuit 6: relay device

7: start switch 8: classifier

The present invention relates to a starter protection device capable of automatically terminating driving of a starter upon completion of starting of an engine.

The present invention also relates to a starter protection device for preventing overrun of the starter and prolonged energization of the starter.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram illustrating the operation of the conventional starter protection device shown in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 55-52064, for example. In the drawing, the solid line indicates the battery terminal voltage and the broken line in advance. The set voltage is displayed.

First, before the starter is operated, the constant voltage value of the solid line V ₁ is shown, but at time t ₁ , when the starter is operated, the battery terminal voltage decreases like the solid line V ₃ due to the large current flowing into the starter, After that, if the engine can be operated independently, the terminal voltage rises like the solid line V _4, and becomes higher than the preset set voltage V ₂ indicated by the broken line at time t ₂ , so that a comparator (not shown) sends a control output. By operating an automatic switch circuit, not shown, the starter battery is powered off.

Therefore, when the engine becomes able to stand on its own, the power supply to the starter is cut off by the automatic switch circuit, and the starter can be automatically stopped.

Regarding the starter overrun prevention device, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-175765, calculate the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of the ripple of the current or voltage of the starter, By comparing the ripple width with the reference set value, the ignition of the vehicle engine is judged, and the ripple width is sequentially calculated to reduce the time for the starting motor to overrun.

8 is a circuit diagram showing an example of another conventional starter protection device, in which, (1) is a battery, (2) is a starter, and the starter (2) is a starter motor (3) and an electronic switch. It consists of (4).

Again, the electronic switch 4 constitutes a contact always open by a pair of fixed contacts 4a and 4b and a movable contact 4c, and includes a current coil 4d and a voltage coil 4e for driving it. have.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a relay device, which comprises a coil 6d for constituting a contact which is always closed by a pair of fixed contacts 6a and 6b and a movable contact 6c.

(7) is a start switch and is connected in series with the normally closed contact of the relay device 6 between the positive pole of the battery 1 and the connection point between the current coil 4d and the voltage coil 4e, that is, the S point. Forming a circuit.

(15) is a timer, and the timer (15) inputs that the start switch (7) is closed from the input line (15a) connected to the connection contact between the start switch (7) and the fixed contact (6b). The output is then output to the output line 15c and the coil 6d is excited to always open the closed contacts. Also, 15d is ground.

Next, the operation will be described. When the start switch 7 is closed, the voltage of the battery 1 is added to the S point of the electronic switch 4 by passing through the normally closed contact of the relay device 6, and the current coil 4d and the voltage coil 4e. This excitation causes the movable contact 4c to abut the pair of fixed contacts 4a and 4b to supply power to the starter motor 3 from the battery 1, and the pinion, which is not shown, is connected to the ring gear of the engine (not shown). Engine) to start the engine.

Even if the engine does not start or continues to close the start switch 6 despite the start, the timer 15 closes the start switch 7 and outputs an output to the output line 15c after a set time. Since the coil 6d is excited to always open the closed contact to terminate the voltage addition to the S point, the contact of the electronic switch 4 returns as shown in the figure, and the pinion (not shown) returns to terminate the addition of the engine. do.

Since the starter protection device of the related art is configured as described above, for example, if the battery capacity is low or the engine is allowed to operate independently, the terminal voltage V ₄ does not exceed the set voltage V ₂ . The starter is coined for a long time, and burns out.

In addition, since the set voltage V ₂ gradually decreases like a broken line, when the startability of the engine is bad, if the starter operating time (t ₁ to T ₂ ) becomes long, the starter may be turned off before independent operation is possible. There was a problem that the degree of control is affected by external factors such as conditions, temperature, and engine condition.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, and an object thereof is to obtain a general-purpose and good controllable starter protection device without being affected by battery condition, temperature, engine condition, and the like.

In addition, since the starter protection device of the related art turns off the starter 2 at a set constant time even when the engine does not start or when the start switch 7 is kept closed even though the engine is started, the timer starts. If the set time of (15) is long, the engine starts quickly, and the overrun time from the engine becomes long, and if the starter 2 is damaged or, conversely, if the set time is shortened, the starter can be started quickly without the engine starting. There was a problem in time setting such that (2) turned off.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems described above. When the engine does not start, the starter is prevented from turning off relatively quickly, the appropriate starter driving time is set, and at the same time, the engine starts relatively quickly. An object of the present invention is to freeze a starter protection device capable of turning off the starter to protect against overrun.

The starter protection device according to the first aspect of the present invention determines the state in which the engine can operate independently from the starter terminal voltage or the frequency of the AC component superimposed on the starter current. The operation circuit for terminating is provided.

In the present invention, the operation circuit calculates the frequency of an AC component that overlaps the starter terminal voltage or the starter current, and when the frequency is equal to or greater than a predetermined setting value, the operation value opens and closes the energization from the battery to the starter. To control.

The starter protection device according to the second aspect of the present invention counts the number of alternating current components such as ripple superimposed on the starter terminal voltage or the starter current, and provides an operation summary for turning off the starter when the predetermined number is exceeded. .

In the present invention, the operational opening counts the number of AC components superimposed on the starter terminal voltage or the starter current, and outputs an output when the predetermined number exceeds a predetermined number to turn off the starter.

Now, embodiments of the starter protection device according to the first aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment. In this FIG. 1, (1) is a battery, (2) is a starter, and the starter (2) is a starter motor (3) and an electronic switch (4). Consists of

The electronic switch 4 always constitutes an open contact with a pair of fixed contacts 4a and 4b and a movable contact 4c, and the S point of the excitation coil formed by the current coil 4d and the voltage coil 4e. By adding a voltage to it, the open contact is always closed, and the starter motor 3 and the battery 1 are connected.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a relay device, which constitutes a contact always closed by a pair of fixed contacts 6a and 6b and a movable contact 6c, and the contact is opened by energizing the coil 6d. The battery 1 has a configuration in which a voltage is added to the S point of the electronic switch 4 through the start switch 7 through the normally closed contact of the relay device 6.

(5) is an arithmetic circuit, (5a) is a power supply line for supplying power to the arithmetic circuit 5 at a connection point between the start switch 7 and the fixed contact 6b, and (5b) a starter terminal voltage to the arithmetic circuit. The signal line 5c to be introduced is an output line which energizes or de-energizes the coil 6d of the relay device 6 by the calculation result of the arithmetic circuit 5, and 5d is a cathode (ground).

Next, FIG. 2 is explained. 2 is a detailed diagram showing the starter terminal voltage and the starter current, in which the upper waveform A shows the starter terminal voltage and the lower waveform B shows the starter current.

First, the starter 2 is off and the starter terminal voltage V ₁ is shown between the times 0 to t ₁ . Of course, the starter current is zero (I ₂ = 0).

Next, when the starter is turned on at a time t ₁ , the inrush current I ₃ , which is determined by the internal resistance of the starter 2 or the battery 1, the wiring resistance, and the like flows, thereby rapidly decreasing to the terminal voltage V ₃ . Then, as the rotation of the starter motor 3 rises, the current decreases and the voltage recovers.

The rotation of the starter motor 3 causes the driven engine to explode by itself at time t ₃ and to raise the rotational speed by itself, so that the current of the starter motor 3 decreases, thereby increasing the terminal voltage.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the change in the starter terminal voltage starter current. When the starter 2 is driving (cranking) the engine, that is, the engine explodes by itself over time t ₁ to t ₃ , the starter ( Note that when the current of 2) decreases, i.e., there is a difference in the frequency of the AC voltage (ripple) of the terminal voltage or the starter current between the times t ₃ to t ₂ , the calculation circuit ( 5) and the starter 2 is controlled.

The reason why the large alternating current component is generated is due to the compression and explosion of the engine. During compression, the required drive torque of the starter 2 increases, and the starter current increases (terminal voltage decreases). Poetry occurs because vice versa.

In other words, the frequency of the AC component is indicative of the engine speed. Thus, during periods of greater rankings cycle of the engine from the rotating magnetic T _c T ₀ this end a short period (high frequency), it can be seen that increased the number of revolutions of the engine.

Due to this, the time t hameuroseo in _two points the starter (2) to off, it is possible to automatically turn off the starter (2) with the starting of the engine, to prevent the rotation of a long period of time from the energization of the starter and engine.

In addition, as shown in the figure, the relationship between 凸凹 is reversed between the terminal voltage and the starter current, but there is a difference in the amplitude, but there is no difference in the period of both. It can be seen that can be detected.

Next, the description will be returned to the description of FIG. 1 is an example of detecting the starter terminal voltage, and its operation will be described. When the start switch 7 is closed, a voltage is supplied to the S point of the electronic switch 4 through the normally closed contact of the relay device 6, and the excitation coils (current coil 4d and voltage coil 4e) are excited. And always closes the open contact, the starter motor 3 is connected to the battery 1, and a pinion (not shown) is engaged with a ring gear (not shown) of the engine to start the engine.

From now on, the change of the terminal voltage is as described in FIG. 2, and when the engine finally rotates magnetically, the cycle becomes short (T ₀ ).

Since the starter terminal voltage is induced in the arithmetic circuit 5 by the signal line 5b, a frequency-voltage conversion of the frequency (1 / cycle) of the AC component is performed to determine a predetermined set voltage (when the engine starts magnetic rotation. By comparing the frequency of the AC component with the voltage generated when the frequency-voltage change), the magnetic rotation of the engine is detected, the output is sent to the output line 5c, the coil 6d is excited, and the closed contact is always closed. It opens and the excitation of the electronic switch 4 is complete | finished.

As a result, the movable contact 4c returns as shown in the figure to terminate the connection of the starter motor 3 and the battery 1. In addition, the engagement between the pinion (not shown) and the ring gear (not shown) of the engine is also released.

Next, an example of the operation opening 5 is demonstrated by FIG. The starter terminal voltage is introduced by the signal line 5b and the AC component (ripple) is extracted by the filter 51. This also removes noise caused by commutation flames.

Next, the waveform shaping circuit 52 converts the ripple into pulses, differentiates them into the differential circuit 53, and proceeds to the waveform shaping circuit 54 to return the pulses. In this way, it is possible to obtain a pulse train having a good degree corresponding to the ripple without affecting the magnitude of the ripple.

Next, the integration circuit 55 integrates the input ripple with frequency-voltage conversion.

Next, when the voltage-frequency-converted voltage value exceeds the set voltage value predetermined by the comparison circuit 56 and exceeds this set voltage value, an output is sent from the output circuit 57, and the output line 5c causes the output voltage. The relay device 6 is driven.

In addition, in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1, the power supply line 5a supplies electric power via the start switch 7, but the electric power supply line 5a may be supplied from the positive electrode of the battery 1 or the key switch-on switch.

By supplying power from the starter switch 7, it detects the ripple during the starter operation, for example, if the battery 1 is directly affected by the ripple of other motors, The effect can be eliminated.

Again, as shown in FIG. 4, the signal line 5b may be connected to the fixed contact 4a side of the electronic switch 4, whereby the influence of other motors similar to those described above can be eliminated.

5 shows an example in which the starter current is introduced into the signal line 5b to calculate the current. The classifier 8 is used to detect the current between the positive electrode of the battery 1 and the fixed contact 4b of the electronic switch 4. The signal line 5b is connected to this classifier 8, and the starter is controlled by calculating the frequency of its ripple as described above in the calculation circuit 5.

In the above embodiment, a calculation example of frequency-to-voltage conversion of the frequency of the ripple is shown, but the output when the pulse after waveform shaping or after the differential circuit calculates the frequency exceeds a predetermined set value (frequency). The starter 2 may be turned off.

In addition, in FIG. 2, it is also considered that the amplitude of the ripple is smaller in the engine magnetic rotation than in the cranking. However, in this method, the amplitude of the ripple is determined by the state of the battery, the charging generator, or the noise. There is a problem such as being affected, and the present invention focuses on the frequency (period) of the ripple.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the starter is controlled by calculating the frequency of an AC component (ripple) overlapping the starter terminal voltage or the starter current, the relationship with the engine speed is directly, There is an effect that the starter protection device which is not influenced by external factors and has a well-controlled general purpose can be obtained at low cost.

Next, an embodiment of a starter protection device according to a second aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, prior to the description of the specific configuration of the embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the principles of the present invention will be described first.

2 is a characteristic diagram showing the starter terminal voltage and the starter current. In this FIG. 2, the upper waveform A shows the starter terminal voltage, and the lower waveform B shows the starter current.

The present invention focuses on the fact that these waveforms A and B differ from each other in the cycle of alternating current components (ripple) in a state in which the engine has not been started yet and the engine is capable of independent operation.

First, the starter is before operation for a time period from 0 to t ₁ , and the battery voltage V ₁ is shown. Of course, the starter current is zero (I ₁ = 0).

Next, when the starter operates at time t ₁ , the inrush current I ₃ determined by the internal resistance of the starter and the battery, the wiring resistance, or the like flows, and the starter terminal voltage also decreases to V ₃ accordingly.

Since by driving the starter of the engine until the time t ₃ that, because the engine is an explosion itself at time t ₃ that, starting the self-rotation, the load is reduced the starter current is decreased, and turns off the starter at the time t ₂ that It is showing.

As apparent from the waveform, the period T _c and T ₀ are the same, although the amplitude of the waveform is reversed between the starter terminal voltage and the starter current.

Here, the period T _c is a period when the engine has not yet started (during cranking), and the period T ₀ is a period when the engine starts and is overrun. They are felt whenever there is a difference in the period (T _c > T ₀ ).

The ripple indicates the change in the starter current due to the compression and explosion of the engine.This is caused by the current increase (voltage drop) during compression and the current decrease (voltage rise) during explosion. I'm just doing it.

Usually, in an automobile, the period T _c is about a multiple of T ₀ , and when the overrun occurs by counting the number of ripples, the number of ripples per unit time increases, and the starter can be turned off quickly.

One embodiment of the present invention based on this idea is shown in FIG. 7 shows the battery terminal voltage through the input line 5b to the arithmetic circuit 5, counts the number of AC components (ripple) at the arithmetic opening 5, and exceeds a predetermined set number. The output is sent to the output line 5c, and the coil 6d of the relay device 6 is excited to turn off the starter 2. 5d is ground. The other structure is the same as that of FIG. 8, and the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part as FIG. 8, and description thereof is abbreviate | omitted.

Next, the operation will be described. When the start switch 7 is closed, as in the conventional example, the starter motor 3 drives the engine, and the starter terminal voltage changes as shown in FIG.

First, when the engine is cranking (t ₁ to t ₃ ), a ripple occurs in a cycle having a long period T _c compared to the overrun (t ₃ to t ₂ ), and the arithmetic circuit 5 determines the number of the ripples. Is counting.

Therefore, even when the engine does not start, if the count value exceeds the preset number set in the calculation circuit 5, the output is sent to the output line 5c, and the coil 6d is excited to start the starter. Turn off (2). This prevents the erosion of the starter 2 due to long energization.

In addition, when the start switch 7 is closed and the engine is started during a small time, a short ripple (cycle t ₀ ) occurs, exceeding the set value in a relatively quick time, and the starter 2 is operated as described above. Off to prevent overrun.

For example, if the number of settings is 100 and the ripple is cranking at 0.2 seconds (T _c = 0.2) and overrunning at 0.04 seconds (T ₀ = 0.04), the engine will not start and the cranking state will continue. When the starter 2 is turned off at 20 seconds to prevent long-time coining, and when started immediately, the starter 2 is turned off at 4 seconds to prevent overrun.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and in FIG. 5 is an example of counting the ripple superimposed on the starter current, and the positive contact of the battery 1 and the fixed contact of the electronic switch 4 ( The classifier 8 is inserted between 4d) and is inputted from the classifier 8 to the calculation circuit 5 via the input line 5a, and as described in FIG. 2, the starter terminal voltage. The same operation as in the example of FIG.

In Fig. 7, the starter protection device is configured by combining the arithmetic circuit 5 and the relay device 6 with the starter 2, and in Fig. 5, in addition to the above, the classifier ( It is comprised by combining 8). Each of these may be configured integrally, or may be configured by adding a protective device portion from behind.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the number of AC components (ripple) overlapping the starter terminal voltage or the starter current is counted by a calculation circuit, the starter is turned off when the predetermined number is exceeded. When the engine is not started, the starter can be turned off at a reasonable time, and the energization can be prevented for a long time. When the engine is started, the overrun can be prevented quickly. have.

Claims (5)

A current is supplied from the battery through the electronic switch, the starter for starting the engine, and an AC component superimposed on the starter terminal voltage or the starter current and the AC component has exceeded a predetermined value. And a starter protection device that generates an output and stops power supply to the starter. The starter protection device according to claim 1, wherein the calculating circuit calculates a frequency of an alternating current component and generates an output when the frequency exceeds a predetermined value. The starter protection device according to claim 1, wherein the operation circuit is configured to count the number of pulses of the AC component and to generate an output when the count value exceeds a predetermined value. The electronic switch of claim 1, wherein the electronic switch comprises an always open switch for energizing the starter motor and an excitation coil for closing the switch by energization, and for opening the coin circuit to the excitation coil based on the output of the calculation circuit. Starter protection device characterized in that the configuration. The starter protection device according to claim 4, wherein the arithmetic circuit is configured to connect a relay device inserted between the excitation coil of the starter and the battery to open the energization circuit of the excitation coil by the relay device. .

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