KR920004032Y1 - Ship main engine controller - Google Patents

Abstract

None.

Description

Marine main engine controller

1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram showing a conventional example.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

OR: Command speed FB: New speed

OP: Operator PID: PID Controller

LIM: Limiter ACT: Actuator

RA: Fuel rack ENG: Main engine

NAH, NAS: 1st setter CAH, CAS: 2nd setter

CO: Comparator

SWC: Switch Controller

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling the rotational speed of a ship main engine (diesel engine), and more particularly, to a device having a dedicated mode at start-up and a simultaneous reverse display simultaneous mode.

As a prior art example of the ship main engine control device, there is a utility model registration application No. 62-13778 related to the applicant's crew and the utility model registration application No. 62-179118. Presented in and described below.

In Fig. 2, OP is an operator, PID is a PID controller (hereinafter referred to as controller PID) LIM is a limiter, ACT is an actuator (ACTUATER; hereinafter referred to as an "operator"), RA is a fuel rack of a dye pump (not shown), ENG Is the main engine, TG is the turning gear, and SE is the rotation detection sensor.

The calculator OP obtains a deviation between the command rotation speed OR from the adjustment handle (command) (not shown) and the real rotation speed FB from the sensor SE, and transfers it to the controller PID.

The controller PID outputs an actuator position command by performing P (proportional), I (integral), and D (derivative) operations on the deviation.

Further, each constant (proportional gain, integral time, derivative time) in the controller PID is at least one of a plurality of elements such as actual revolution speed FB, horsepower, actuator ACT position and fuel rack RA position. In response, it is to change continuously.

This is to improve the correctability of the main engine ENG at the change of the command speed OR and at the load fluctuation.

The limiter LIM sets an upper limit of the actuator position command. The upper limit of the limiter LIM is variable in response to the command speed OR, and the actuator position command up to the upper limit is passed.

By the actuator position command, the actuator ACT adjusts the fuel rack RA position to control the rotation speed of the main engine ENG.

However, in the control of the main engine ENG, the initial rotational force is given to the main engine ENG by an air column by a device not shown at the time of normal start-up and rapid reverse start-up. Ignition is started by injecting fuel from the fuel pump, which is then controlled by the second degree device.

In the above start-up, it is necessary to increase the position of the actuator ACT to the position which protrudes at the start-up. If the command speed OR is given, it is larger than the actual speed FB, so that the operator OP and the controller By the function of (PID), the actuator position command in the increase direction comes out and the actuator (ACT) position comes out when starting by this command.

However, this position is determined under the control of the limiter LIM.

In this way, the actuator position command at the start, that is, the fuel injection amount is determined by the limiter LIM, but the limiter LIM is adjusted so that its function can be effectively operated in the normal operation state of the main engine ENG.

As a result, during normal start-up starting from the stationary state in the port, the load is very low, and more fuel is injected than necessary to generate black smoke due to incomplete combustion.

In addition, during a rapid reverse during sailing, since a very high load is required, the required amount of fuel is not injected, and the speed of the main engine ENG due to fuel shortage may be lost.

Again, the position of the actuator ACT is increased due to the rise of the actual speed FB immediately after ignition or air ignition depending on the initial adjustment of the controller PID to increase the actuator position command by the characteristic of the controller PID. A large fluctuation and stable starting may not be possible, and the worst case may cause stall of the main engine ENG.

Therefore, the present invention aims to improve the controllability at start-up by adding a dedicated mode at normal start-up and a dedicated mode at fast reverse start-up apart from the normal operation mode of the main engine control.

Means of the present invention for solving the above problems, in the conventional marine main engine control device as described above, the first setter for outputting the actuator position command dedicated during normal startup of the main engine, and the rapid reversal start of the main engine A second setter for outputting a position command for a city-specific actuator; and when the actual rotational speed is smaller than the commanded rotational speed by comparing the actual rotational speed with the commanded rotational speed, the first signal is output and the actual rotational speed is greater than the commanded rotational speed. A comparator for outputting a second signal when disconnected from the limiter and transmitting the actuator position command of the actuator from the limiter by the first signal during normal startup and rapid reverse startup of the main engine. The actuator position command from the first setter or the second setter is transmitted to the actuator, and only the actuator position command from the limiter is transmitted to the actuator by the second signal. It would have annexed the switch to return to the moon.

According to this means, the actuator is controlled by the start signal generated during normal start-up and rapid reverse start-up, when the command speed is lower than the engine's ignition level, and the first signal of the comparator issued when the actual speed is lower than the command speed. The first setter or the second setter is selected in response to the type of start, and the dedicated actuator position command is transmitted to the actuator at the start, and the mode is set in accordance with the type of the start.

When the actual rotation speed reaches the command rotation speed, the comparator outputs the second signal.

On the basis of this second signal, the switch returns to the normal operation mode in which the dedicated mode at start-up is opened and the normal actuator position command from the limiter is transmitted to the actuator.

EXAMPLE

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

The same components as in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2, and their description is omitted.

In FIG. 1, the difference from the conventional apparatus of FIG. 2 is that a comparator CO, a switch controller SWC, a switch SW, a first setter NAH, NAS and a second setter CAH, CAS are added. It is installed as.

The first setter NAH outputs a dedicated actuator position command at the normal forward start.

The other first setter NAS outputs an actuator position command dedicated for normal reverse start.

The second setter CAH outputs an actuator position command dedicated for the rapid reverse forward start.

In addition, the other second setter (CAS) outputs an exclusive actuator position command at the time of rapid reverse reverse start.

Further, the actuator position command at the time of rapid reverse start is set higher than that at the time of normal start-up.

The switch SW is comprised from the 1st switch 1SW which selects each said setter side or a limiter LIM, the 2nd switch 2SW which selects one of each said setters, and it.

The comparator CO compares the actual rotation speed FB with the command rotation speed OR and outputs a first signal when FB <OR, and outputs a second signal when FB≥OR, and a switch controller of the output. SWC).

In the switch controller SWC, the signal of the start signal STA, which is issued at the time of normal start-up and at the rapid reverse start-up, the first signal generated by the comparator CO, and the signal from the command speed OR, ignite the ring. When the signal is received at the level (about 10 revolutions) or less, the first switch SW is switched to the actuator ACT at the position of FIG. 1 to the first and second setters, and the comparator CO transmits the second signal. Keep it until it happens. In addition, the first type signal N / C for distinguishing between normal start and fast reverse start of the engine and the second type signal AH / AS for distinguishing between forward or backward are inputted, and the second switch is combined by a combination of these signals. (2SW) is converted as follows.

1 is a normal forward operation state, while the second switch 2SW selects the first setter NAH of one width (forward width), but the first switch 1SW selects the limiter LIM. The main engine ENG is controlled as in the prior art based on the actuator position command from the limiter LIM.

At this time, the output of the comparator CO is not determined whether the output of the comparator CO is the first signal or the second signal due to the change of the command speed OR and the hatching change, but the function of the switch controller SWC is because the start signal STA is released. The two switches 1SW and 2SW keep the position shown in the figure.

The first type signal N / C is a normal start signal N, and the second type signal AH / AS is a forward signal AH.

In the normal forward operation state, when the rapid reverse operation is performed, first, the OR of the command rotational speed becomes the STOP (stop) command, so that the actual rotational speed FB of the main engine ENG decreases.

Next, when the reverse direction command rotation speed (OR) is given to start the reverse operation, the start signal STA is input again and the first type signal N / C is converted into the fast reversal signal C. The two classification signals AH / AS are converted into the reversing signal AS.

If FB <OR, the comparator CO outputs the first signal.

As a result, the first switch 1SW is converted by the function of the switch controller SWC to open the limiter LIM, and the second switch 2SW selects the other second setter CAS.

Therefore, the actuator position command dedicated to the rapid reversing start-up from the second setter CAS is transmitted to the operation ACT via both switches 1SW and 2SW, which results in optimal control of the main engine ENG. All.

When the actual speed FB rises to reach the commanded speed OR, the switch controller SWC returns the first switch 1SW to the limiter LIM as shown in FIG. 1 and thereafter, from the limiter LIM. The main engine ENG is controlled based on the normal actuator position command of.

At this time, the start signal STA is released.

In the above embodiment, it is also possible to change the actuator position command dedicated at startup output by each setter (NAH, NAS, CAH, CAS) according to the magnitude of the load at startup.

As described above, according to the present invention, since it is controlled based on an exclusive actuator position command corresponding to the type of startup at startup (normal startup, rapid reverse startup), it is possible to prevent black smoke from starting and stall of the main engine. It can prevent it beforehand.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the limiter set for normal operation control is opened by a switch at start-up, the optimum control is completely independent of the normal operation control as compared to a separate means for correcting the limiter output at start-up. Do.

Claims (1)

Computation machine (OP) to calculate deviation between command rotation speed (OR) and actual rotation speed, PID controller that outputs the actuator position command by proportional, integral and derivative operation of the deviation, and actuator position command for command rotation speed In the ship main engine control device having a limiter (LIM) for setting an upper limit and passing the actuator position command and an actuator (ACT) operated by the actuator position command and controlling the fuel rack (RA) position, the main engine ( ENG), the first setters NAH and NAS that output a dedicated actuator position command during normal start-up, and the actual rotational speed is compared with the command rotational OR, and the actual rotational speed is the command rotational OR. When smaller, the first signal is output and the comparator CO which outputs the second signal when the actual rotational speed is equal to or greater than the commanded rotation OR, and at the time of normal start-up and rapid reverse start-up of the main engine ENG. From the limiter LIM to the actuator ACT by a first signal The actuator position command from the first setter (NAH), (NAS), or the second setter (CAH), (CAS) is interrupted in response to the start type at the same time as the transmission of the actuator position command is interrupted. And a switch (SW) for returning to the actuator (ACT) for transmitting only the actuator position command from the limiter (LIM) by the second signal.