KR920001259B1 - Waste water purifying system by vacuum distillation - Google Patents

Abstract

The system employs vacuum evaporation to purify waste water discharged from industrial plants and homes. The system includes: a first heat exchange means (4) for producing a pre-condensed water; a second heat exchange means (6) for reheating the pre-condensed water; an evaporating means (10) for evaporating the condensed water within a vacuum room (8); a condensed material storing room (20) for storing the thick fluids discharged from the evaporating means (10); a water reservoir (12) for storing the purified water; and a vacuum casing (14) and a vacuum generating mean (22) for producing vacuum, thereby producing a re-usable purified water.

Description

Wastewater Purification System by Vacuum Distillation

1 is a schematic installation cross-sectional view of a wastewater purification system according to the present invention.

2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion of FIG.

Figure 3 is a perspective view specifically showing a separate heat exchanger installed in the vacuum casing of the wastewater purification system according to the present invention.

4 is a plan sectional view taken along the line I-I of FIG.

5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the heat exchanger installed at the outer upper end of the vacuum casing of FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2: wastewater storage tank 4: primary heat exchange means

6: secondary heat exchange means 8: vacuum chamber

10 evaporation means 14 vacuum casing

20: concentrate storage chamber 22: vacuum device

40: purified water storage room 42: purified water storage room

The present invention is a waste water purification system by vacuum distillation, more specifically, a heat exchange means for converting the condensate into a condensate by providing a temperature change to sewage and waste water (or raw water such as brine, organic matter) discharged from home or industry, The present invention relates to a wastewater purification system by vacuum distillation, through which a vacuum chamber is sequentially passed through to obtain distilled clean water.

As a prior art for this application, wastewater treatment in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 59-150,592 and Domestic Patent Publication Nos. 81-2068, 83-2326, 84-1104, 85-424, etc. Although a technique has been disclosed, these methods use chemical reaction coagulation sedimentation by chemical addition, decomposition of biological organic matter, coagulation, physical filtration after adsorption, and adsorption, and the like. It is not possible to recycle. In other words, these prior art merely discharges only the degree of severe contamination.

In addition, these wastewater treatment methods are uneconomical because they occupy a large amount of installation area, and there is a problem that a large amount of sludge emissions are required to treat the wastewater.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above drawbacks, the present invention has completed the present invention in which the condensed water obtained by exchanging waste water is introduced into the evaporation means in the vacuum chamber and evaporated to generate a reusable purified water immediately. It is an object of the present invention to provide an advantage in obtaining purified water without the need for the addition of chemicals in the purification of waste water. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide an advantage that each wastewater treatment facilities are compactized to minimize the installation occupied area and to be free from the installation location.

In addition, the present invention provides an advantage of reducing the sludge treatment difficulty with a small amount of sludge discharge.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the wastewater treatment apparatus of a conventional structure, the first heat exchange means for preliminary condensed water by heat exchange the waste water primarily, and the waste water via the primary heat exchange means again by heat exchange and heating The secondary heat exchange means for generating condensate of the wheat particles, and the evaporation means and the concentrate storage chamber for evaporating the condensate introduced from the secondary heat exchange means is provided in the lower part of the vacuum chamber, the upper part of the vacuum holding the heat exchanger and the water tank And a steam boiler provided with a casing, a vacuum apparatus for maintaining the vacuum chamber in a vacuum state, and an incinerator connected to communicate with the vacuum casing by supplying a heating steam into the vacuum chamber.

In addition, the evaporation means provided in the vacuum chamber is a steam intake tube (Ejector) for sucking the steam sprayed from the steam nozzle, the steam flow tube having a heat exchanger and a heat exchange condenser disposed in communication with the inhaler and the bottom of the vacuum chamber, It consists of the filter net and the nozzle which were attached to the pipe | tube.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is in no way limited by the following examples.

According to the configuration of the wastewater purification system of the present invention, the primary heat exchange means 4 and primary heat exchange means 4, which make the preliminary condensate by heat-exchanging the wastewater conveyed from the storage tank 2 primarily, Secondary heat exchange means 6 for heat-exchanging and heating the wastewater passed through to produce condensed water as a fine particle, and condensate introduced from the secondary heat exchange means 4 in the lower part of the vacuum chamber 8 is converted into distilled water. An evaporation means (10) and a concentrate storage chamber (20) are built in, and a heating system is installed in the upper part of the vacuum casing (14) of the secondary heat exchange means (4) and the vacuum chamber (8) of the vacuum casing (14). It is constructed from a boiler 16 having a heated incinerator 30 connected in contact with its vacuum casing 14 to supply. Next, each said structure is demonstrated in detail.

Primary heat exchange means (4) for heating and condensing the waste water is composed of a pair of heat exchangers (4a) (4b), these heat exchangers (4a) (4b) are generally well known, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. do.

The secondary heat exchange means 6 also consists of a pair of heat exchangers 6a and 6b, and the internal structure of these heat exchangers 6a and 6b is shown in detail in FIGS.

First, the heat exchanger 6a is a wastewater reservoir 56 having several flow tubes 46 through which wastewater flows, and wastewater storage tanks installed at both ends of the flow tube 46 and in communication with the interior of the flow tube 46. 56 ', the inner center of one side reservoir 56 is divided into a partition membrane 66, one side is a wastewater inflow tank 76a, the other side is a wastewater discharge tank 76b, and the wastewater is Transfer pipes c and d are connected in the inflow tank 76a and the discharge bin 76b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchanger 6b also has a wastewater flow pipe 25 and wastewater inflow tanks 55a and discharge tanks 55b provided at both ends so as to be in communication with the inside of the flow pipe 25. The heat exchanger 6a is the same as that of the heat exchanger 6a, and the entire periphery of the flow pipe 25 is sealed in order to form a space 65 through which steam flows around the waste water flow pipe 25. The vapor shell suction supply ejector 6c formed so as to be in contact with the space portion 65 to supply hot steam to the outer shell 75 and the space portion 65 in the outer shell 75, and the space portion. Only that the guide film 85 etc. which were provided in 65 is provided.

A vacuum device 22 having a general structure is connected to the upper right portion of the vacuum casing 14, and the vacuum device 22 sucks and discharges the air in the vacuum casing 14 to obtain a vacuum state.

The evaporation means (10) is to suck and discharge the heating steam injected from the injection nozzle (26) in communication with the boiler 16, the steam inhaler (10a) and the steam inhaler installed on one side of the inner wall of the vacuum chamber (8) Steam discharged from the suction (10a) is passed through the one end is connected to the discharge side of the steam intake (10a) and the other side is connected to the water purification chamber 40 formed in one lower portion of the vacuum casing (14) Several primary heat exchange steam flow pipes 10b and one end portion disposed directly below the flow pipe 10c are connected to the water purification storage chamber 40 in which the flow pipes 10c are connected. Secondary heat exchange steam flow pipe (10c) connected to the purified water storage chamber (42) formed at one lower edge of the vacuum casing (14), and the upper and lower wastewater injection holes disposed on the steam flow pipe (10b) (10c) 10e) (10e ') and the inside of the fluid flowing in contact with the waste water injection portion (10b) (10c) A filter net that is installed over the whole of the vacuum chamber 8 directly above the upper waste water injection port 10e by filtering and passing the steam evaporated by heat exchange with the hot steam and the steam generated by the self-retained heat in the vacuum chamber 8. It consists of (10n).

In the drawing, reference numeral 32 denotes a belt press for dewatering sludge by dewatering sediment of wastewater introduced into the storage tank 2, and 34 denotes a carbonization sludge for receiving a boiler 16 heat source. Sludge reservoirs to provide the gas necessary for use as a source, (36) the year to collect and discharge unburned gas, (a) to (n) for wastewater and purified water pipes, and (p1) to (p4). Are the discharge pumps and (v1)-(v3) are the valves.

Referring to the wastewater treatment process according to the invention with such a configuration as follows.

First, the vacuum apparatus 22 connected in communication with the inside of the vacuum chamber 8 above the vacuum casing 14 is operated (about 30 minutes) to maintain the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 8 at approximately 102 mmHg. The checking of the degree of vacuum is performed by a vacuum gauge (not shown) attached to the outside of the vacuum casing 14.

Next, only the supernatant water which has not settled out of the wastewater introduced into and stored in the storage tank 2 is pumped through the primary heat exchange means 4 and the secondary heat exchange means 6 by suction and discharge as a pump p1. . The wastewater to be pumped is first heat exchanged through the transfer pipe (a) → heat exchanger (4a) → transfer section (b) → heat exchanger (4b) as shown in FIG. do. The heat source for heat exchange of the primary heat exchange means 4 is concentrated with distilled water having heat introduced through the transfer pipe i from the vacuum chamber 8 described later and heat introduced through the transfer pipe j. It is naturally executed by the heat generated from the waste liquid.

The wastewater condensate, which is primarily heat-exchanged by way of the primary heat exchange means 4, continues through the transfer pipe c, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat exchanger as the secondary heat exchange means 6. The wastewater is introduced into the wastewater inflow tank 76a of 6a, and the wastewater is subsequently flowed into the wastewater reservoir 56 'on one side in the direction of the arrow along the flow pipes 46 in communication with the inflow tank 76a. The wastewater stored in the reservoir 56 'is flowed back into the wastewater discharge tank 76b via the discharge side flow pipes 46 again. Due to the structure in which the flow pipe 46 is located in the vacuum chamber 8 when the wastewater flows in the flow pipe 46, the hot steam heat sprayed from the spray nozzle 26 described later in the vacuum chamber 8 flows in the flow pipe 46. ), The wastewater passing through the flow pipe 46 is naturally heated (approximately 49 ° C.) and converted into a particulate wastewater.

The heat source for heat exchange in the heat exchanger 6a is hot steam in the vacuum chamber 8, and when the hot steam is applied to the flow tube 46, the water droplets that are heat-exchanged and formed in the flow tube 46 are as shown in FIG. The condensed water accumulated in the reservoir 12 installed directly under the heat exchanger 6a, and the condensed water accumulated in the reservoir 12 is formed on the bottom side of the vacuum casing 14 through the transfer pipe e ( 40), and then flows to the other water purification chamber 42 via the flow pipe 10c.

On the other hand, the wastewater introduced into the wastewater discharge tank 76b of the heat exchanger 6a by secondary heat exchange is fed into the heat exchanger 6b located above via the transfer pipe d. The dense wastewater conveyed into the heat exchanger 6b is similarly discharged in the heat exchanger 6a as shown in FIG. 5 by the wastewater inflow tank 55a → the flow tube 25 → the wastewater reservoir 35 ′ → the discharge. The flow pipe 25 → the waste water discharge tank 55b, and the waste water passing through the flow pipe 25 are connected to the upper portion of the vacuum casing 14 so as to communicate with the inside of the vacuum chamber 8 and the transfer pipe m. The hot steam introduced from the vacuum chamber 8 into the space 65 of the heat exchanger 6b to which the ejector 6c is connected in contact via the inside of the ejector 6c which is brought into contact with the pipe m, and described later. The injection nozzles 26 of the boiler 16 are mutually heat exchanged by hot steam introduced through the transfer pipe n directly connected to the transfer pipe h connected thereto. Introduced from the vacuum chamber (8) through the transfer pipe (m) → ejector (6c) → through the high temperature steam generated from the injection nozzle (26) described later introduced into the space (65) and directly through the transfer pipe (n) The high-temperature steam is combined with each other to exchange heat with wastewater flowing through each flow pipe 25 while passing through the guide membranes 85, and the droplets converted from water vapor to condensed water by the heat exchange are collected in the space 65. In addition, the condensate is combined with the condensate introduced from the water storage tank 12 described above through a transfer pipe e connected to the space portion 65 at one side bottom of the space portion 65, and thus, within the vacuum casing 14. It is introduced into the purified water storage chamber 40 and then stored into the purified water storage chamber 42 through the flow pipe 10c connected in communication with the storage chamber 40 (FIG. 1).

On the other hand, the steam gas which is not converted into condensed water in the space 65 is discharged to the outside through the valve v1 installed in contact with the space 65 of the heat exchanger 6c. The heat source required for heat exchange in the secondary heat exchange means 6 is achieved by the introduction of hot steam heat generated in the vacuum chamber 8.

Wastewater consisting of condensed water having approximately 49 ° C heat exchanged again in the heat exchanger 6b is a rotary type of the evaporation means 10 via the transfer pipe g from the discharge tank 55b of the heat exchanger 6b. The wastewater introduced into the injection port 10e is injected by the upper rotary injection port 10e onto the flow pipes 10b and 10c for the heat exchanger located at the bottom.

At this time, the high temperature steam from the boiler 16 previously operated through the injection nozzle (26) connected to the transfer pipe (H) through the steam inhaler (10a) installed in front of the injection nozzle 26 due to the injection force of the arrow of FIG. Direction is flowed along several flow pipes 10b for primary heat exchange connected in communication with the steam inhaler 10a (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

The flow pipe 10b for the first heat exchange is heated by the flow of hot steam, and since the waste water sprayed from the upper rotary injection port 10b is sprinkled over the entire flow pipe 10b, the waste water flows into the flow pipe 10b. At the moment of contact, the hot steam and wastewater passing through the flow tube 10b naturally exchange heat. That is, the pure water molecules in the waste water sprayed to the outer surface of the steam flow tube 10b are evaporated (approximately 53 ° C.) at the moment of contact with the heated steam flow tube 10b to the closed upper space of the tube 10b. The water vaporizes up, and some of the high boiling point and heavy particles flows between the first heat exchange flow pipe 10b and the second heat exchange flow pipe 10c together with the waste liquid into the lower reservoir 20. .

On the other hand, the vaporized water vapor is sucked into the inhaler 10a by the force of the hot steam sprayed from the injection nozzle 26 through the filter net 10n after passing between the rotary injection ports 10e and 10e '. It is mixed, and is heated again in the steam intake (10a) and fed into the first steam heat pipe (10b) for heat exchange. This action is continuously repeated. Meanwhile, the water vapor passing through the first heat exchange flow pipe 10b is exchanged with waste water at a lower temperature, and part of the water vapor is converted into condensed water, such as condensed water introduced through the transfer pipe e. In addition to being stored, the water is accumulated in the purified water storage chamber 42 via the second heat exchange flow pipe 10c.

As soon as the condensate passes through the second heat exchange flow pipe 10c, the heavy water molecules or wastewater that do not evaporate and fall to the bottom are heat exchanged again and are converted into fully condensed water having a heat of approximately 51 ° C. as soon as it comes into contact with the flow pipe 10c. do. The purified condensate accumulated in the purified water storage unit 42 is sucked by the discharge pump p2 and externally supplied via the heat exchanger 4b → the transfer pipe 1 of the primary heat exchange means 4. Can be immediately recycled back into industrial water. On the other hand, some of the supernatant of the concentrated waste liquor accumulated in the concentrate storage chamber 20 is suctioned by the pump p3 and then the upper injection hole through the lower rotary injection port 10e 'through the lower rotary injection port 10e'. Continued injection as shown in (10e) to heat exchange, the concentrated waste liquid is sucked into the pump (p4) and then the original storage tank (2) in which the raw water (waste water) is introduced and stored via the transfer pipe (j) and the heat exchanger (4a). ) To be re-introduced and settle.

The condensed water and the waste liquid having the heat of about 50 ° C. discharged via the heat exchangers 4a and 4b as the primary heat exchange means 4 based on the discharge pumps p2 and p4 are 1 It becomes a heat source for heat exchange of the primary heat exchange means 4, and the steam steam of high temperature which generate | occur | produces in the vacuum chamber 8 becomes a heat source for heat exchange of the secondary heat exchange means 6.

In addition, since the hot steam and condensed water flow inside the plurality of flow tubes 10b and 10c arranged at a predetermined gap, the flow tubes 10b and 10c are heated, and at this time, from the injection holes 10e and 10e '. When the low temperature wastewater injected is contacted over the entire outer surface of the flow tubes 10b and 10c, the waste water is naturally heat-exchanged with the hot steam in the flow tubes 10b and 10c, and thus the flow tubes 10b and 10c themselves. Will act as a heat exchanger.

The waste liquid precipitated in the storage tank (2) is dehydrated by the belt press (32) to make solid sludge. The dehydrated sludge is incinerated in the incinerator (30) and used as a boiler (16) heat source. The sludge is stored in the gas reservoir 34 and the gas generated therefrom is also used as a heat source of the boiler 16 together with the heat of the incinerator 30. Such a series of actions are carried out repeatedly as long as raw water such as waste water, brine or organic matter is introduced.

As described above, the present invention has an effect that the wastewater can be easily treated with clean water by vacuum distillation by wastewater heat exchange.

Claims (6)

A wastewater treatment apparatus having a conventional structure, comprising: primary heat exchange means (4) for preliminarily condensing water by heat-exchanging wastewater; Heat-exchanging and heating wastewater passing through the primary heat-exchanging means to generate condensed water of the wheat particles, the heat-exchanging means 6 connected by the primary heat-exchanging means and the transfer pipe; The lower part of the vacuum chamber (8) has an evaporation means (10) for evaporating the condensed water introduced from the secondary heat exchange means, and a waste liquid concentrate storage chamber (20) and a purified water storage chamber for storing waste liquids that have not been evaporated. A casing 14 having a heat exchange means and a reservoir 12 for storing distilled water, the casing 14 being connected to the primary and secondary heat exchange means in communication with the inside of the vacuum chamber 8 by a transfer pipe; A vacuum device 22 connected to the upper portion of the vacuum casing 14; The waste water by vacuum distillation method which consists of the steam boiler 16 which has a combustible incinerator which connected the heating steam to the evaporation means 10 side in the said vacuum chamber, and is connected to the casing, and treats waste water into the water which can be recycled immediately. Purification System. The steam inhaler (10a) according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation means (10) installed in the vacuum chamber (8) is disposed adjacent to the front of the injection nozzle so that the heating steam sprayed from the steam injection nozzle (26) flows therein. Wow ; One end is connected in communication with the discharge side of the steam inhaler, and the other end is provided with a plurality of primary heat exchange flow pipes 10b arranged at predetermined intervals so as to communicate with the purified water storage chamber 40 formed at one lower side of the vacuum casing; One side is connected to the purified water storage chamber so as to be in contact with the flow pipe 10b, and the other end is disposed at the lower portion of the flow pipes 10b at regular intervals so as to communicate with the purified water storage chamber 42 formed at the other lower side of the vacuum casing. A flow pipe 10c for differential heat exchange; Upper and lower rotary injection holes 10e (10e ') for spraying the wastewater introduced and sequentially introduced on the flow pipe toward the flow pipe side; A wastewater purification system using a vacuum distillation system composed of a filter net (10n) installed throughout the vacuum chamber immediately above the injection port so that the vapor evaporated by heat exchange from the flow pipes is filtered. 2. The wastewater purification by vacuum distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second heat exchange means (4) and (6) comprise a pair of heat exchangers (4a) (4b) and (6a) (6b). System. The heat exchanger (6a) of the secondary heat exchange means (6) is installed in the vacuum chamber (8), and another heat exchanger (6b) is provided outside the vacuum casing (14). Wastewater purification system, characterized in that. 4. The wastewater purification system by vacuum distillation according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat exchanger (6b) is connected to an ejector (6c) in which a vapor gas in the vacuum chamber (8) is introduced in contact with the inside of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger (4a) according to claim 1 or 3, wherein purified condensed distilled water and concentrated waste liquid each retain heat to the heat exchangers (4a) and (4b) side of the primary heat exchange means (4). Heat exchange with the waste water passing through the (4b), the high-temperature steam gas generated in the vacuum chamber (8) flows to the heat exchanger (6a) (6b) side of the secondary heat exchange means (6) Wastewater purification system by vacuum distillation, characterized in that it is used as a heat source for the purpose.

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