KR910009692B1 - Melt spinning method of polyamide fiber - Google Patents

Melt spinning method of polyamide fiber Download PDF

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KR910009692B1
KR910009692B1 KR1019890017361A KR890017361A KR910009692B1 KR 910009692 B1 KR910009692 B1 KR 910009692B1 KR 1019890017361 A KR1019890017361 A KR 1019890017361A KR 890017361 A KR890017361 A KR 890017361A KR 910009692 B1 KR910009692 B1 KR 910009692B1
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melt spinning
spinning method
superheated steam
vapor
polyamide
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KR1019890017361A
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Korean (ko)
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KR910009972A (en
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정세현
김종태
송래헌
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주식회사 코오롱
하기주
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/096—Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides

Abstract

The melt-spinning method of a polyamide fiber is characterized by controlling a satd. vapor in the flow controller, heating it in the heater at about 250 deg.C, spraying the heated vapor on the filament through the injection nozzle, decreasing the flow velocity of the vapor by the guide cone and then supplying the surface of the spinneret with the vapor, and exhausting the vapor through the exhaust duct. The method improves the spinnability and evenness of the fiber.

Description

폴리아미드계 섬유의 용융방사방법Melt Spinning Method of Polyamide Fiber

제1도는 본 발명을 실시하기 위한 장치의 개략도.1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for practicing the present invention.

제2도는 종래의 방법을 실시하기 위한 장치의 개략도.2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing a conventional method.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1 : 방사구금 2 : 구금팩1: spinnery 2: detention pack

3 : 분사노즐 4 : 가열장치3: spray nozzle 4: heating device

5 : 가이드 콘(Guide Cone) 6 : 압력측정계5: guide cone 6: pressure gauge

7 : 유량조절기 8 : 증기유입구7: flow controller 8: steam inlet

9 : 흡입배기닥트 10 : 퀀취챔버9: suction exhaust doc 10: quench chamber

11 : 방출사조 12 : 인터플로튜브(Interfloortube)11: emission thread 12: interfloortube

13 : 권취드럼13: winding drum

본 발명은 폴리아미드계 섬유의 개량된 용융방사법에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 용융방사시 발생하는 저분자물을 균일하고 효과적으로 제거시킴으로서 방사성을 향상시키고 균일한 물성을 갖는 폴리아미드계 섬유의 용융방사방법을 제공하는데 있다.The present invention relates to an improved melt spinning method of polyamide fibers, and an object of the present invention is to melt-spun polyamide fibers having uniform physical properties by improving the spinning property by uniformly and effectively removing low molecular weight generated during melt spinning. To provide a method.

폴리아미드 중합체는 중합반응 종료시에는 약 8－10%정도의 저분자물을 함유하고 있고, 이것이 방사성을 아주 나쁘게 하기 때문에 용융방사에 앞서 추출공정에서 약 0.3－0.6%정도까지 저분자물의 함량을 감소시키는 것이 보통이다.At the end of the polymerization, the polyamide polymer contains about 8-10% of the low molecular weight, which causes very poor radioactivity. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the content of the low molecular weight by about 0.3-0.6% in the extraction process prior to melt spinning. is average.

그러나 어느정도 저분자물의 함유량을 감소시켜도 용융방사시에 다시 저분자물은 발생하고, 이것이 방사구금을 오염시키고 방사성을 나쁘게 한다.However, even if the content of the low molecular weight is reduced to some extent, the low molecular weight is generated again during melt spinning, which contaminates the spinneret and makes radioactivity worse.

이 때문에 용융방사시 발생하는 저분자물은 어떠한 방법을 쓰더라도 제거하여야만 한다.Because of this, low molecular weights generated during melt spinning must be removed by any method.

용융방사시 발생하는 저분자물의 제거는 구금직하에서 행하면 효과는 좋지만 이 영역을 필라멘트의 균일성에 미치는 영향이 굉장히 큰 곳이기 때문에 저분자물 제거방법에 따라 제품의 품질이 좌우된다.The removal of low molecular weight produced during melt spinning works well under detention, but the quality of the product depends on the method of removing low molecular weight because the region has a great influence on the uniformity of the filament.

용융방사시 발생하는 저분자물을 제거하기 위한 종래의 방법은 방사구금하부에 흡입 배기닥트(9)를 설치하여 방사구금하부의 저분자물이 함유된 기류를 흡입하여 외부로 배기시키는 방법을 채택하였다.(제2도 참조)The conventional method for removing low molecular weight generated during melt spinning has adopted a method of installing an intake exhaust duct 9 under the spinneret to suck airflow containing the low molecular weight under the spinneret and exhaust it to the outside. (See Figure 2)

이 방법으로는 저분자물을 충분하게 제거하기 위하여 저분자물이 포함된 기체의 배기량을 증가시키면 구금면이 냉각되고, 기체의 유속이 높아져 방출 필라멘트에 사란이 발생되어 방사성이 나빠지고 제품의 균일성이 손상된다.In this method, if the exhaust volume of the gas containing the low molecular material is increased to sufficiently remove the low molecular material, the surface of the gas is cooled, the flow rate of the gas is increased, the scattering occurs in the discharge filament, resulting in poor radioactivity and uniformity of the product. Damaged.

한편, 균일한 제품을 얻기 위하여 배기량을 감소시키면 구금표면에 저분자물이 다량부착하여 탄화되므로 구금홀(Hole)에서 토출되는 필라멘트가 휘어지는 곡사현상이 나타나거나 심하면 절사되어 방사성을 나쁘게 한다.On the other hand, if the exhaust volume is reduced in order to obtain a uniform product, a large amount of low-molecule matter adheres to the surface of the detention, and carbonization occurs due to the bending of the filament discharged from the detention hole (Hole), or severely cut to radioactivity.

이러한 종래의 방법으로는 섬유의 균일성과 저분자물 제거능률을 동시에 만족시킬 수가 없었다.Such a conventional method could not satisfy both the uniformity of the fiber and the low molecular weight removal efficiency.

이에, 본 발명자들이 제품균일성과 저분자물 제거능률의 양쪽을 동시에 만족할 수 있는 방법에 대해서 연구한 결과, 구금표면온도에 가까운 약 250℃의 신선한 과열수증기를 초미압(150mmH2O)으로 구금직하로 공급하여 필라멘트 주행방향으로 흐르게 하면 사란발생도 없고 방사구금면이 냉각되지 않기 때문에 효과적인 저분자물 제거가 가능하다는 사실을 알게 되었다.Therefore, the present inventors studied a method that can satisfy both product uniformity and low molecular weight removal efficiency at the same time, as a result, detained fresh superheated steam of about 250 ℃ close to the surface temperature of detention to ultra-low pressure (150mmH 2 O) It was found that supplying and flowing in the filament running direction is effective in removing low molecular weight because there is no scattering and the spinneret is not cooled.

일반적으로 용융방사시에 필라멘트의 직경은 통상적으로 토출되면서부터 1m이내에서 그 변형의 대부분을 종료하기 때문에 방사구금면하 1m 이내에서 기체흐름이 불균일하면 필라멘트는 사란이 발생되고 이 때문에 데니어(Denier)차가 생겨 필라멘트는 불균일해지고 제품에 결정적인 영향을 미친다. 특히 역방향 흐름의 풍속이 크면 클수록 악영향은 현저하게 된다.In general, the filament's diameter is usually discharged within 1m of melt spinning during the melt spinning, so if the gas flow is uneven within 1m of the spinneret, the filament will be scattered, which causes denier differences. As a result, the filaments become uneven and have a decisive effect on the product. In particular, the greater the wind speed of the reverse flow, the more noticeable the adverse effect becomes.

그러나 필라멘트의 주행방향과 동일한 흐름에서는 와류발생이 없으므로 어느정도 유속을 증가시켜도 오히려 필라멘트의 균일성은 향상된다.However, in the same flow direction as the filament running direction, there is no vortex, so even if the flow velocity is increased to some extent, the uniformity of the filament is improved.

구금직하로 공급되는 과열수증기의 온도 또한 방사성과 필라멘트의 균일성에 큰 영향을 미친다.The temperature of the superheated steam supplied in prison also greatly affects the radioactivity and uniformity of the filaments.

즉, 과열수증기의 온도가 낮으면 구금면을 냉각시켜 토출상태가 불안정하게 되므로 방사성을 나쁘게 하고 필라멘트의 냉각이 불균일하게 되어 불균일한 필라멘트가 얻어진다.That is, if the temperature of the superheated steam is low, the discharge surface becomes unstable by cooling the surface of the mold, so that radioactivity is deteriorated and cooling of the filament becomes uneven, resulting in uneven filament.

또한 과열수증기의 온도가 높게 되면 폴리머의 열분해가 일어나서 제품의 성능을 나쁘게 한다. 이러한 내용을 토대로 실험을 거듭한 결과 폴리머 용융방사에 있어서 구금직하에 공급하는 과열수증기의 온도는 구금표면온도에 가까운 것이 가장 적당하다는 결론을 얻었다.In addition, when the temperature of the superheated steam is high, the polymer may be thermally decomposed, thereby degrading the performance of the product. As a result of repeated experiments, it was concluded that the temperature of superheated steam supplied to the surface of the polymer in melt melting is close to the surface temperature of the mold.

이 과열수증기를 구금직하로 공급함에 있어서 공급압력이 100mgH2O이하일 때는 효과가 적고 200mmH2O이상의 경우는 분사압이 높아 사란발생으로 균제도(u%)가 나빠진다. 다음으로 본 발명 방법을 도면에 의거 설명한다.When the superheated steam in the tray to direct imprisonment less effective when the supply pressure is equal to or less than 100mgH 2 O or more 200mmH 2 O falls or the injection pressure is high uniformity ratio (u%) as Saran occurs. Next, the method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

제1도에 있어서, 증기유입구(8)에서 들어온 포화수증기는 유량조절기(7)에 의해 적당한 량으로 조절되고 이것이 가열장치(4)로 들어와 방사구금 표면온도에 가까운 약250℃정도로 가열된후 분사노즐(3)로 분사된다.In FIG. 1, the saturated water vapor introduced from the steam inlet 8 is adjusted to an appropriate amount by the flow regulator 7, which enters the heating device 4, and is heated to about 250 ° C. close to the spinneret surface temperature, and then sprayed. Sprayed to the nozzle (3).

분사된 과열수증기가 직접 필라멘트에 부딪히면 사란이 발생되므로 가이드콘(Guide Cone)(5)를 설치하여 분사된 과열수증기가 가이드콘(5)의 외벽에 부딪혀 유속을 떨어뜨리게한 다음 가이드콘(5)의 외벽을 따라 상부로 올라가서 구금표면으로 공급되도록 하였다.When the superheated water vapor directly hits the filament, confusion occurs, so install the guide cone (5) to let the superheated water vapor impinge on the outer wall of the guide cone (5) to reduce the flow rate, and then the guide cone (5). Along the outer wall of the wall, it was raised to the upper surface of the prison.

이와 같이 공급된 과열수증기는 방사구금하부 공간에 가득차게 되고 용융에 의해 분해발생된 저분자물과 함께 필라멘트 주행방향을 따라 밑으로 내려가서 흡입배기닥트(9)로 배기된다.The superheated water vapor thus supplied is filled in the lower space of the spinneret and is discharged downward along the filament running direction together with the low molecular weight decomposed and generated by melting.

본 발명은 방사구금하부 공간에 구금표면온도에 가까운 약 250℃의 과열수증기를 초미압으로 공급 충만시킴으로서 과열수증기층이 형성되어 외기(특히 산소)가 구금표면에 접근하지 못한다.The present invention fills the spinneret lower space with superheated superheated steam at about 250 ° C. close to the surface of the surface of the spinneret, so that the superheated steam layer is formed so that outside air (particularly oxygen) does not approach the surface of the cell.

따라서 미연신사의 열산화가 방지되어 제품의 성능이 좋아지고, 또한 충만된 과열수증기가 용융방사시 분해발생한 저분자물과 함께 필라멘트 주행방향으로 내려가므로 효과적인 저분자물 제거가 되고 사란이 방지되며 방사구금표면의 오염 및 탄화가 없으므로 방사성이 좋아지고 와이핑주기도 연장되어 생산성이 올라간다. 특히 물리적 성질이 균일한 필라멘트가 얻어진다.As a result, the thermal oxidation of undrawn yarn is prevented, and the performance of the product is improved. Also, the filled superheated steam goes down to the filament running direction along with the low molecular weight decomposed during melt spinning. Since there is no pollution and carbonization, the radioactivity is improved and the wiping cycle is extended to increase productivity. In particular, filaments with uniform physical properties are obtained.

상대점도 2.4인 폴리아미드를 익스트루더에서 용융하고 방사구금(Hole직경 : 0.3mm, Hole수 : 26개)을 통해 토출시키고 제1도로 표시한 장치를 사용하여 과열수증기를 분사노즐(3)을 통해 분사시켜 방사구금직하로 공급하고 밑으로 내려온 기류를 흡입배기닥트(9)를 통해 배기시켰다. 그리고 토출된 필라멘트를 통상의 방법으로 냉각, 연신, 권취하였다.Melt the polyamide with a relative viscosity of 2.4 in an extruder, discharge it through spinnerets (Hole diameter: 0.3mm, number of holes: 26), and use the apparatus indicated in the first degree to spray the superheated steam nozzle (3). It was injected through the spinneret and supplied directly under the spinneret, and the air flow down was exhausted through the suction exhaust duct (9). And the discharged filament was cooled, stretched, and wound up by a normal method.

[비교예 1]Comparative Example 1

실시예 1과 같은 폴리아미드수지를 제2도로 표시한 장치를 토출, 연신, 권취하였다.The apparatus shown in FIG. 2 of the same polyamide resin as in Example 1 was discharged, stretched, and wound up.

[비교예 2－4]Comparative Example 2-4

과열수증기의 압력 및 온도만 상이하고 기타는 실시예 1과 동일하게 하여 제조하였다.Only the pressure and temperature of the superheated steam were different, and others were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[표 1]TABLE 1

Figure kpo00001
Figure kpo00001

[표 2]TABLE 2

Figure kpo00002
Figure kpo00002

Claims (3)

폴리아미드계 섬유를 용융방사할 때, 구금직하에서 분사노즐(3)을 통하여 미압(微壓)의 과열수증기를 가이드콘(5)의 외벽에 분사시켜며, 상기 과열수증기가 구금의 지면부근을 거쳐서 방출사조의 주행방향과 같은 방향으로 진행하다가 흡입배기닥트(9)로 배출되도록함을 특징으로 하는 폴리아미드계 섬유의 용융방사방법.When melt spinning the polyamide-based fiber, unsuperheated superheated steam is sprayed on the outer wall of the guide cone 5 through the spray nozzle 3 under the detention, and the superheated water vapor is formed near the ground of the detention. Melt spinning method of the polyamide-based fiber characterized in that it proceeds in the same direction as the running direction of the discharge yarn and discharged to the suction exhaust duct (9). 제1항에 있어서, 과열수증기의 온도가 230℃－270℃임을 특징으로 하는 폴리아미드계 섬유의 용융방사방법.The melt spinning method of polyamide based fiber according to claim 1, wherein the superheated steam has a temperature of 230 ° C-270 ° C. 제1항에 있어서, 과열수증기의 압력이 100－200mmH2O임을 특징으로 하는 폴리아미드계 섬유의 용융방사방법.The melt spinning method according to claim 1, wherein the superheated steam has a pressure of 100-200 mmH 2 O.
KR1019890017361A 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 Melt spinning method of polyamide fiber KR910009692B1 (en)

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KR1019890017361A KR910009692B1 (en) 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 Melt spinning method of polyamide fiber

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0971056A1 (en) * 1998-07-08 2000-01-12 Lurgi Zimmer Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for steam transport through at least one round spinnerets shaft

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0971056A1 (en) * 1998-07-08 2000-01-12 Lurgi Zimmer Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for steam transport through at least one round spinnerets shaft

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KR910009972A (en) 1991-06-28

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