KR910000287B1 - Mold for the covering and trimming of products of plastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Covers and trimming molds for plastic materials

1 is a vertical sectional view at the first stage of the operating cycle of a mold according to the invention.

2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the detail of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating the mold in a closed state.

4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the detail of FIG.

5 is a schematic plan view of a trimming knife at the corner of the mold when the trimming knife is retracted from the male element of the mold, ie in a position corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 4.

6 is a vertical sectional view of the mold from FIGS. 1 to 3 in the trimming step.

7 and 8 are detailed enlarged cross-sectional views of the mold at two consecutive trimming positions corresponding to the steps shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a plan view at the final cutting position of the trimming knife, ie at the position most advanced toward the male element of the mold corresponding to the step indicated in FIG.

10 is a schematic plan view of a trimming knife at an angle different from that of FIGS. 5 and 10.

11 is a partial cross-sectional view similar to FIGS. 7 and 8 of an alternative embodiment of the cutting edge of a trimming knife.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Male element 2: Female element

3: product 4: coating

5 bolt 6 upper support element

7: spring 8,8 ': knife

9,9 ': ring 10,10': slide

11 operation cylinder 12 support element

13: frame 80: section

103: plastic plate 108: knife extension portion

111: bar

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat forming mold for promoting the covering or covering by heating a plastic article molded by a mold and then trimming the article along at least a portion of the periphery of the article. This type of mold includes a male element on which a heated plate constituting a coated product is placed, an apparatus for spreading the coating material on a plate disposed on the male element, and the coated plate and the coating material thereon. It is composed of a female element which is pressed against the male element while being fitted in the middle.

A trimming knife is arranged around at least a portion of the male element along the predetermined edge and adapted to move transversely with respect to the male element when the mold is closed to cut the article and its coating. The molds of the above kind can be used for any material to be coated or any coating material. The material to be coated may be essentially molded from a hard thermoformable (ie thermoplastic) material, for example a polyolefin containing organic or inorganic heavy material, or a plate such as acrylonitrile, a copolymer of butadiene and styrene. The material to be coated can be molded from polyolefins filled with cellulose fibers, such as sawdust, as described in German Patent No. 2,412,538.

The product to be coated may be of any shape or peripheral contour, or may be of any purpose or use.

In particular, the mold according to the invention is used to produce panels or other similar panels of automotive interior materials having at least some convex and / or concave shape. The coating material may be made of a material which is mixed with the product to be coated and adheres to the product to be coated, in particular heat.

In addition to woven fabrics and vinyl resins, in particular, one of plasticized natural or synthetic fibers may be knitted or woven or nonwoven. In the above known molds of the above kind, the contour of the product is between two sides that operate on two sides that are nearly straight and between two sides that are nearly straight by a curved complementary end corresponding to the knife. Preferably the product is trimmed at round corners or curved connections.

The drawback of such a system, however, is that if the knife operating on two sides with almost straight outlines of the product is in the open position, the knife is adjacent and interoperable with open at corners or semicircular corners between the straight sides. There is a space between the ends, and when the cutting material is cut between the ends of the two knives, the contour of the product moves to both straight sides, so the corner or radius between the straight sides Undesired overlap marks or protrusions are created.

The present invention aims at eliminating this drawback, and in order to achieve this object it is possible to achieve at least one corner or radius in a preferably rounded corner or curved radius portion between at least two straight or nearly straight sides of the contour of the product. A knife having a corresponding shape and having a tip which operatively engages with a flat surface on the outside of the pointed or inclined tip extension of the side knife between the straight side and the side knife cooperating with the side knife While the active surface between the principal part of the side knife and the shaped knife is inserted in the direction of movement of the two side knives and the inserted knife, It characterized in that it has an angle to keep the knife in constant contact with each other while moving. In this embodiment of the mold, between the two side knives acting on the straight side, a shape knife acting on the corner or radius part is constructed, so that the trimming knife is open, ie retracted from the male element of the In this case no space is formed at the corner or radius between the two nearly straight portions of the contour of the product. Extends the shape knife to the back of the inclined end extension of the two side knives and also allows the extension of the shape knife and the two side knives to be actively cooperated along the contact surface at an angle with respect to the direction of movement of the knife. By zooming, an open space can be avoided between the two side knives and the cut knife.

Therefore, when the trimming knife is closed with respect to the male element of the mold, the coating material is not caught between the trimming knife.

Preferably, according to another feature of the invention, which can be used alone or in combination with the features listed above, it is directed upwards towards the inner region of the male element of the mold, usually inclined to the coated product surface. The trimming knife is operated in an inclined plane at an angle of about 0 ° to 15 ° relative to the horizontal line so that the covering material is superimposed on the trimmed edge of the product below, ie at least partially covering the trimmed edge of the product. It is to cover with. The trimmed edges of the coated product by this construction are completely finished and the product is used immediately without further finishing or covering the edge of the product.

Various features of the present invention and the advantages resulting therefrom can be seen more clearly from the following description of the preferred embodiments as indicated in the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the drawings, the mold according to the invention consists of a male element 1 fixed to a support element 12 and a female element 2 placed thereon, both of which are products of plastic material by thermoforming treatment. It takes the shape of shaping | molding (3), At this time, the coating material 4 is simultaneously heat-fixed to the said product.

The product 3 can take the form of a panel, for example made of cellulose fiber or a plastic containing sawdust as filler and intended to constitute an element of the interior material of a motor vehicle.

The coating material 4 may for example be a woven or plastic sheet. The female element 2 of the mold can be suspended from the upper support element 6, for example by means of a large head bolt 5, and can be moved vertically to a defined range with respect to the support element. Between the arm element 2 and the support element 6 constitute a compression spring element 7 made of rubber, for example.

Trimming knives 8, 8 ′ are constructed in the female element 2 along the perimeter of the male element 1 so as to interact with the element as if it were a counter-knife.

Trimming knives 8, 8 'are shown in FIGS. 6, 8 and 8 from the rest position away from male element 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5; As exemplified in FIG. 9, it is guided by sliding in the transverse direction with respect to the male element 1 of the mold to the cutting position extending toward the male element 1. The trimming knife 8, 8 'is moved by a ring 9 having a wedge-shaped cross section and extending along the perimeter of the trimming knife 8, 8' and the ring 9 is the arm of the mold. In the element 2 it is guided by sliding in the vertical direction.

In the arm element 2 in a horizontal direction or (as in the illustrated embodiment) or upwardly toward the center region of the male element 1 of the mold in an angle of 0 ° -15 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. Trimming knives 8 and 8 'are formed in the slides 10 and 10' which are moved in a fold.

The outer surface of the slide 10, 10 ′ with the knife engages the inclined inner edge of the ring 9. The ring 9 is made of a single element or of a firmly connected element in order to ensure that all trimming knives 8, 8 ′ are precisely synchronous.

The vertical movement of the ring 9 is for example by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic actuating cylinder 11 which is fixed to the arm element 2 and extends freely upwardly through the corresponding hole of the support element 6. Is done.

In an alternative embodiment, the vertical movement of the ring 9 is effected by a rod 111 freely passing upwardly through the support element 12 as indicated by the point and solid line in FIG.

The rod 111 is actuated by a suitable holder, for example a blank holder moving underneath the press in combination with the mold.

5 and 9 are plan views showing the structure of the trimming knife at each rounded corner of the panel 3 to be coated. According to this embodiment, each of the straight or nearly straight sides of the perimeter of the panel 3 facing each other at rounded corners has a corresponding straight or nearly straight side trimming knife (integrated with each slide 10). 8).

The rounded corners of the panel 3 come into contact with the corresponding curved trimming knife 8 'integrated with the slide 10'.

The side knife 8 and each slide 10 are guided by moving in a direction perpendicular to the corresponding straight or nearly straight side of the contour of the panel 3 so as to correspond to the corresponding straight sides of the ring 9 with a cross section of the wedge. Driven by. Knife 8 'with a curved corner and each slide 10' are guided to move in the same direction as the bisector of the corner, the movement of which extends perpendicular to the bisector of the corner 9 Is controlled by the corresponding side 9 '.

When viewed in plan view, each of the two side knives 8 has an inclined or pointed extension 108 towards the corner at its end, the curved knife 8 ′ having a corresponding flat contact. The surface slides on a flat outer surface.

In FIGS. 5 and 9, the rounded corners of the panel 3 are 90 ° so that the action between the curved knife 8 'and the inclined extension 108 of the two side knives 8 is possible. Smooth surfaces that are in contact with each other are coplanar with each other and are perpendicular to the bisector of the corner. However, this condition is not necessary.

In practice, the angle between the straight or nearly straight sides of the contour of the panel 3 may be any, for example, it may be 90 degrees or less, as shown in FIG.

If it is less than 90 °, the activatable flat contact surface between the curved knife 8 'and the inclined extension 108 of the two side knives is at an angle to each other as indicated in FIG. When constructing trimming knives 8, 8 ′, 8, preferably between two straight or nearly straight sides of the contour of panel 3, preferably at a rounded angle or with a curved radius chamfer It may be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to the curved contour of the line or radius.

The support elements 12 and 6 of the male element 1 and the female element 2 can be moved vertically and / or horizontally, respectively, to operate as follows.

The plastic plate 103 used to manufacture the panel 3 to be coated is appropriately heated in advance and placed on top of the male element 1 and then the heated plate 103 is placed in a suitable frame 13 as shown in FIG. ) Is covered with a coating material 4 spread out.

In this initial step, the coating material 4 spread over the plate 103 used to make the panel 3 to be coated is not brought into full contact with the plate 103 as schematically shown in FIG. In addition, the plate 103 is not brought into full contact with the mold 1.

The arm element 2 of the mold is then lowered, for example by lowering the support element 6 to an appropriate stop member as shown in FIG. ) Is sealed against the male element (1).

In this way, the coating material 4 is compressed with respect to the plate 103, and is thus compressed onto the formed panel 3, so as to be uniformly attached to the plate 103 as a whole, as shown in FIG. During this process step the trimming knives 8, 8 'are at a stationary position away from the male element 1 of the mold, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. FIG.

During the subsequent operating phase, the actuating cylinder 11 acts so that when the mold is closed, the cylinder moves the ring 9 at the same time from the stop position from which all trimming knives 8 and 8 'have been retracted. The cylinder displaces the ring 9 in the direction of pushing all the trimming knives 8, 8'towards (upwards in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6).

Trimming knives 8 and 8 'are slid upwards in the direction at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line to reach the coating material 4 first, as shown in FIG. After passing through (3) first, as shown in FIG. 8, both the coating material 4 and the panel 3 are cut. By this configuration, the coating material is coated at the same time as the edge of the panel 3 is trimmed, so that the edge of the panel 3 is covered as shown in FIG. As a result, the coated panel 3 can be used without finishing the trimmed edges thereof or further covering it.

During cutting, the curved knife 8 'at the corner remains in contact with the flat surface on the outside of the inclined extension of the side knife 8, as can be clearly seen by comparing FIG. 5 and FIG. It also slides the surface simultaneously with two adjacent side knives 8 towards the male element 1 of the mold.

As a result, no space is created between two straight or nearly straight side knives 8 and the curved corner knife 8 ', and the male element 1 of the mold is formed between the frame 13 of the mold. It does not bite the coating material 4 extending along the entire periphery.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10, the upper surface of trimming knife 8. 8 'is at least in the range of the cutting edge and parallel to the inclined movement path of the knife. . However, in the modified embodiment of FIG. 11, the upper surface of the trimming knife is finally positioned in the inclined zone 80 at an angle smaller than the angle of the knife's movement path at the cutting edges of the knife 8, 8 '. . Thus, for example, when the movement path of the knife is at an angle of about 15 ° to the horizontal line, the distal zone 80 of the upper surface of the trimming knife 8, 8 'is 7 ° -9 ° to the horizontal line. It is located at the angle of. In any case, during the cutting operation, the end zone 80 of the upper surface of the trimming knife has an angle smaller than the angle of the movement path of the trimming knife, so that the portion of the covering material 4 overlapping the edge of the panel 3 can be The upwardly directed pressure causes the overlapping portion of the covering material 4 to be more precisely and uniformly attached to the edge of the panel 3.

On the other hand, the movement of the knife preferably takes place in a slightly upward direction, but in some cases an almost horizontal movement of the trimming knife is preferred or at least possible since the operation of the knife is simplified when moving horizontally.

Claims (5)

The coating 4 of the product 3 made of plastic material molded into a mold facilitates the coating by heating, and when the coating is finished, trimming the coated product 3 to at least a part around the product, and coating A male element 1 which is placed on a heated plate 103 used to produce a product 3 to be made and which comprises an apparatus 13 for spreading the coating material 4 on the plate and the product 3 to be coated. Plate 103 used to manufacture the material and the coating material 4 thereon is inserted into the female element 2, which is pressed against the male element 1, the minimum of the periphery of the male element 1; When the mold is closed along a predetermined edge at a part, the trimming knife 8 is configured to move laterally relative to the male element 1 to cut both the product 3 and its coating 4. At least two, straight or nearly straight, of the contour of the product Rounded corners or curved portions connecting the sides corresponding to the corners or curved portions, and also operatively engaging with the flat surface on the outside of the inclined end extension 108 of the knife 8 Apparatus 9, 9 which comprise a knife 8 'having a portion between the straight side and the side knife 8 cooperating and simultaneously move the side knife 8 and the inserted shape knife 8'. And the active surface between the extension 108 of the side knife 8 and the inserted shape knife 8 'is composed of two side knives 8 and The cover of the plastic material characterized in that it has an angle to maintain a constant contact with each other during the movement of the knife (8), (8 ') with respect to the direction of movement of the inserted knife (8') and Mold for trimming. The method of claim 1, wherein the two side knives 8 and the inserted shape knives 8 'are moved substantially perpendicular to the planes of the knives 8, 8' and in the direction of movement of the three knives. A mold for covering and trimming a product of plastics, characterized in that it is moved by a single wedge-shaped ring element (9) formed in a vertical portion with respect to it. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that all trimming knives (8) and (8 ') arranged around the male element (1) of the mold are moved simultaneously by a single ring element (9) having a wedge-shaped cross section. Covers and trimming molds for plastic products. The trimming knife according to claim 1, wherein the trimmer is on a plane inclined at an angle of up to 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line in the upward direction generally towards the inner region of the male element 1 of the mold with respect to the surface of the coated product 3. (8), (8 ') of the plastic material cover and trimming mold, characterized in that to cover the coating material (4) over the trimmed edge of the product (3) below. 5. The cutting edge according to claim 4, wherein the cutting edges of the trimming knives (8) and (8 ') are defined, and the surface facing the trimmed edge of the product (3) exerts a pressure on the trimmed edge of the product (3). And trimming mold of the plastic material, characterized in that it has an end region 80 at an angle different from the angle of the movement path of the trimming knife 8, 8 '.

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