KR900006565B1 - Absorption type refrigerator - Google Patents

Absorption type refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
KR900006565B1
KR900006565B1 KR1019870003275A KR870003275A KR900006565B1 KR 900006565 B1 KR900006565 B1 KR 900006565B1 KR 1019870003275 A KR1019870003275 A KR 1019870003275A KR 870003275 A KR870003275 A KR 870003275A KR 900006565 B1 KR900006565 B1 KR 900006565B1
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South Korea
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solution
pump
refrigerant
absorber
refrigerator
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KR1019870003275A
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Korean (ko)
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KR880012966A (en
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최병혁
안상규
김지동
이종일
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한국동력자원 연구소
박긍식
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62Absorption based systems

Abstract

The refrigerator using water as coolant aqueous and solution of salts as absorbing agent, includes float (101), guide plate (102) for closing or opening outlet of low temperature regenerator (2); suction inlet side pipeline (16) of solution pump (8), directly connected with overflow pipe (22) of (2); temperature sensor (105) at inlet pipeline (21), connected to control switch of coolant pump (9); absorbing device (4) for flowing solution.

Description

흡수 냉동기Absorption chiller

제1도는 기존 흡수 냉동기의 전체 개략도.1 is an overall schematic view of an existing absorption chiller.

제2도는 본 발명에 의한 흡수 냉동기의 전체 개략모2 is an overall schematic diagram of an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.

제3도는 본 발명의 요부인 플로트가 저온재생기에 설치되어 있는 것을 나타낸 단면 상세도.3 is a cross-sectional detail view showing that a float, which is a main part of the present invention, is installed in a low temperature regenerator.

본 발명은 물을 냉매로, 염류수 용액을 흡수제로 사용하는 흡수식 냉동기에 있어서, 용액의 농도에 따라 저온재생기 출구를 자동적으로 개폐할 수 있는 플로트와 안내판을 설치하고, 흡수기 입구관로를 흐르는 용액의 온도를 검출하여 일정온도 이상이 되면 냉매펌프를 가동시킬 수 있도록 하기 위해 온도검출기르 흡수기 입구 관로에 설치하며, 저온재생기의 오버플로우(OVERFLOW)관을 직접 용액펌프 입구관로에 연결시킴으로서 냉동기 가동시 정상상태(냉수 온도 7℃)에 도달하는 시간을 단축시킴과 동시에 재생기 가연량을 감소시켜 냉동기 효율을 높이고 용액의 과농축으로 인한 결정생성 방지를 효과적으로 도모할 수 있게 한 흡수 냉동기의 새로운 구조의 창출에 관한 것이다The present invention provides an absorption chiller using water as a refrigerant and a saline solution as an absorbent, wherein a float and a guide plate are provided to automatically open and close the low temperature regenerator outlet according to the concentration of the solution. The temperature detector is installed in the absorber inlet pipe to detect the temperature and allow the refrigerant pump to operate when the temperature is over a certain temperature.The overflow pipe of the low temperature regenerator is directly connected to the solution pump inlet pipe to operate the refrigerator. In addition to shortening the time to reach the state (cold water temperature 7 ℃) and reducing the regenerator flammable amount, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the refrigerator and effectively prevent the formation of crystals due to the overconcentration of the solution. About

기존 흡수식 냉동기는 일단적으로 제1도와 같은 구조를 가지는데 그 사이클(CYCLE)에 대해서 설명하면, 고온재생기(1)에서 열원(10)에 의해 가열된 용액은 냉매증기를 발생시키고 중간농도의 용액으로 농축되어 도관(18)을 통해 저온재생기(2)로 유입되고, 도관(27)로 유입된 냉매증기로 재가열되여 다시 냉매증기를 발생시키고 농용액이 되어 도관(20)을 거쳐 저온열교환기(7)에서 열교환을 행한 후 흡수기(4)로 유입된다.Existing absorption type refrigerators have a structure as shown in FIG. 1 once, and the cycle (CYCLE) will be described. In the high temperature regenerator 1, a solution heated by the heat source 10 generates refrigerant vapor and converts the solution into a medium concentration solution. Concentrated and introduced into the low temperature regenerator (2) through the conduit (18), reheated with the refrigerant vapor introduced into the conduit (27) to generate the refrigerant steam again, and becomes a concentrated solution through the conduit (20) through the low temperature heat exchanger (7). After heat exchange at), it is introduced into the absorber (4).

한펀, 저온재생기(2)에서 용액을 가열한 냉매증기는 도관을 통하여 응축기(3)에 유입되어 응축된 후 도관(25)을 거쳐 증발기(5)로 들어간다The refrigerant vapor heated by the solution in the Hanfun, low temperature regenerator (2) enters the condenser (3) through the conduit, condenses, and then enters the evaporator (5) through the conduit (25).

증발기(5)로 유입된 응축 냉매액은 냉매산포관(15)에 의해 균일하게 냉수관(12)에 산포되고 이때 감압팽창에 의해 냉매액의 일부는 기화되며 그 냉매액은 기화시 기화잠열을 냉수관(12)로 부터 빼앗아 냉수관(12)대를 통과하는 것을 냉각시킨다The condensed refrigerant liquid introduced into the evaporator (5) is uniformly dispersed in the cold water pipe (12) by the refrigerant dispersion pipe (15), and at this time, a part of the refrigerant liquid is vaporized by the expansion under reduced pressure, and the refrigerant liquid is the latent heat of vaporization during vaporization. Take away from the cold water pipe (12) to cool the passage through the cold water pipe (12)

흡수기(4)로 유입된 농용액은 흡수액 산포관(14)에 의해 산포되여 냉각수관(11)에 유하하면서 증발기(5)에서 발생한 냉매증기를 흡수하며 냉매증기 흡수시 발생한 열을 냉각수관(11)에 전달시키고 희흡수액이 되어 흡수기 하단의 흡수액 저장조에 모이게 된다.The concentrated liquid introduced into the absorber 4 is dispersed by the absorbent liquid dispersion pipe 14 and falls in the cooling water pipe 11 to absorb the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 5, and absorbs the heat generated when the refrigerant vapor is absorbed. ) And become a rare absorbent liquid, which is collected in the absorbent reservoir at the bottom of the absorber.

흡수액저장조에 모인 흡수액은 용액펌프(8)에 의해 도관(23)을 통해 고온재생기로 보내어져 재순환되고 이하 상기의 작용을 반복하여 흡수냉동 사이클을 이룬다.The absorbent liquid collected in the absorbent liquid storage tank is sent to the high temperature regenerator through the conduit 23 by the solution pump 8 and recycled, thereby repeating the above-described action to form an absorption refrigeration cycle.

이러한 기존 흡수 냉동기의 운전방법은, 냉동기 가동시 먼저 냉수와 냉각수 펌프를 가동시키고 용액온도가 상승하여 일정 온도가 되면 용액펌프를 가동시키며 이후 용액이 계속 가연되어 어느 정도 농축이 이루어졌다고 생각될 때 냉매 펌프(9)를 가동시킨다.The operation method of the conventional absorption chiller is to operate the chilled water and the coolant pump first when the chiller is operated, and when the solution temperature rises to a certain temperature, the solution pump is operated. Start the pump (9).

냉매펌프(9)는 냉동기 가동시 흡수기에 농용액이 유하함과 동시에 가동시키는 것이 이상적이나 냉동기 가동시 부터 농축되지 않은 용액을 순환시키는 기존의 냉동기에서는 이를 실현하기가 어려워서 일반직으로 냉동기 가동 후 약 10분 정도 경과한 후 가동시키는 실정이다.Refrigerant pump 9 is ideal for operating the chiller when the coolant is dripping with the liquid, but it is difficult to realize in conventional refrigerators that circulate unconcentrated solution from the start of the freezer. After about a minute has passed.

상기와 같이 기존 흡수식 냉동기의 구조 및 운전방법에서는, 냉동기 가동초기 완전히 농축되지 못한 용액이 흡수기에 유입되고 흡수기내에 설치된 냉각수관에 유하하면서 냉각되므로 흡수기출구의 용액온도가 저하하여 재생기에서 필요한 가열량이 증가하게 되며, 용액은 유하시 증기를 흡수하게 되므로 용액의 농도가 저하되어 일정농도(약 62%) 까지 농축시키는 데에 많은 시간이 소요된다.In the structure and operation method of the existing absorption type refrigerator as described above, the solution that is not completely concentrated in the initial operation of the refrigerator flows into the absorber and cools down while remaining in the cooling water pipe installed in the absorber. As the solution absorbs the vapor during oil flow, the concentration of the solution decreases and it takes a long time to concentrate to a certain concentration (about 62%).

또 기존 흡수 냉동기의 운전방법에서는, 냉매펌프의 가동시기를 용액의 농도에 관게없이 용액의 온도나 경험적인 시간에 의존하여 결정하므로 냉매펌프의 가동시기가 늦을 경우 용액이 과농축되어 결정이 발생하고, 가동시기가 너무 빠를 경우 정상 상태에 도달하는 시간이 길어지게 되는 결점이 있다.In addition, in the operation method of the existing absorption refrigerator, the operation timing of the refrigerant pump is determined depending on the temperature or the empirical time of the solution irrespective of the concentration of the solution. In other words, if the start-up time is too fast, the time to reach a steady state is long.

본 발명은 이러한 문제점을 해결한 흡수 냉동기를 창출함으로써 재생기 가연량의 절약(냉동기 효율 상숭), 정상 상태에 도단하는 시간의 단축 및 결정의 발생방지를 효율적으로 도모할 수 있게 하였다.The present invention has made it possible to efficiently reduce the amount of regenerator combustor (the freezer efficiency), to shorten the time to reach a steady state, and to prevent the occurrence of crystals by creating an absorption refrigerator that solves these problems.

이하 본 발명의 요지를 첨부도면에 의하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the gist of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

제2도에서와 같이 저온재생기(2)의 용액출구측에 플로트(10l)을 설치하고 플로트(l01)이 옆으로 이동하지 않고 상하 방향으로만 이동할 수 있도록 안내판(102)을 설치하며 용액출구 부분의 관형상은 플로트(101)의 하부형상과 같게하여 플로트가 용액중에서 침잠할 경우 용액이 흘러나가지 못하도록 하고, 흡수기 입구관로(21)에 온도감지기(105)를 설치하여 흡수기 입구로 용액이 유입되어 흡수용액이 산포됨과 동시에 냉매펌프(9)의 가동을 제어할 수 있도록 하고, 오로플로우관(22)을 용액펌프(8)의 홈입구관로(16)에 배관한 시스템이다.As shown in FIG. 2, the float 10l is installed on the solution outlet side of the low temperature regenerator 2, and the guide plate 102 is installed so that the float 01 can move only in the up and down direction without moving sideways. The tubular shape of is the same as the lower shape of the float 101 so that the solution does not flow when the float is submerged in the solution, and the temperature sensor 105 is installed in the absorber inlet pipe 21, the solution is introduced into the absorber inlet It is a system in which the absorption solution is dispersed and at the same time it is possible to control the operation of the refrigerant pump (9), and the auroflow pipe (22) is piped to the groove inlet pipe (16) of the solution pump (8).

이와 같이 된 본 발명의 실시예에 대해서 구체적으로 설명하면, 냉동기의 운전을 위해 면저 냉동기에 열원을 가하고 냉각수 펌프와 용액펌프(8)를 가동시키면, 고온재생기(1)에서 가연된 용액은 중간농도의 용액이 되어 저온재생기(2)로 유입되는데, 이때는 용액의 비중이 플로트(101)의 비중보다 낮으므로 플로트(101)는 가라앉게 되어 용액은 도관(20)을 통하여 흐르지 못하고 오버플로우(OVERFLOW) 되어 도관(22)를 거쳐 용액펌프(8)의 홈입구 관로(16)로 유입되어 직접 고온재생기(l)로 순환되는데, 용액이 흡수기(4)를 통하지 않고 직정 고온재생기(1)로 순환되므로 흡수기(4)대의 온도는 상승하지 아니하고 냉매증기를 흡수하지 아니하므로 용액은 중간정도의 농드가 유지되고, 흡수기(4)대의 냉각수관(11)에 유하하지 않아서 냉각도 이루어지지 않으므로 고온인 상태로 순환된다. 따라서 고온재생기(1)에서 가열에 소모되는 열량을 감소시킬수 있으며 용액농축에 소요되는 시간도 기존 흡수 냉동기 보다 휠씬 빠르게 된다.Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention described above, when a heat source is added to the surface bottom freezer for operation of the refrigerator and the coolant pump and the solution pump 8 are operated, the solution flammable in the high temperature regenerator 1 has a medium concentration. It becomes a solution of and flows into the low temperature regenerator (2). At this time, the specific gravity of the solution is lower than the specific gravity of the float 101, so that the float 101 sinks and the solution cannot flow through the conduit 20 and overflows (OVERFLOW). Through the conduit (22) and into the inlet conduit (16) of the solution pump (8) and circulated directly to the hot regenerator (1), since the solution is circulated to the direct hot regenerator (1) without passing through the absorber (4). Since the temperature of the absorber 4 does not rise and does not absorb the refrigerant vapor, the solution is maintained at an intermediate concentration, and does not fall into the cooling water pipe 11 of the absorber 4 so that cooling is not performed. State is circulated. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of heat consumed for heating in the high temperature regenerator 1, and the time required for solution concentration is much faster than that of the existing absorption refrigerator.

상기와 같은 싸이클이 단복되어 용액의 농도가 규정치에 도달하게 되면 용액의 비중이 플로트(l0l)의 비중보다 높게 되어, 플로트(101)이 용액중에 부유하게 되고, 용액은 오우버플로우 되지 않고 관로(20)를 통하여 흡수기(4)로 유입된다When the cycle is shortened and the concentration of the solution reaches the prescribed value, the specific gravity of the solution becomes higher than the specific gravity of the float 100, and the float 101 floats in the solution, and the solution does not overflow. Enters absorber 4 through 20).

즉, 용액은 도관을 통하여 저온열교환기(7)를 거쳐 흡수기 입구 관로(21)로 유입되는데 이때 흡수기 입구관로(21)에 설치된 온도감지기(l05)가 용액의 온도를 감지하여(즉, 용액의 유입을 감지한다) 냉매펌프(9)를 가동시키는 신호를 보낸다. 따라서 흡수기(4)로 농용액이 유임되는 순간에 냉매펌프(9)의 가동이 가능하여 냉매펌프(9) 가동시기의 부적절한 선택에 따른 결정 생성 방지 및 희용액 상태로 운전하여 효율이 저하되는 결점을 방지할 수 있다.That is, the solution is introduced into the absorber inlet conduit 21 through the low temperature heat exchanger 7 through the conduit, where the temperature sensor l05 installed in the absorber inlet conduit 21 senses the temperature of the solution (ie, It detects the inflow) and sends a signal to start the refrigerant pump (9). Therefore, it is possible to operate the refrigerant pump 9 at the moment when the concentrated solution is retained by the absorber 4, thereby preventing the formation of crystals due to improper selection of the operation time of the refrigerant pump 9, and operating in a rare solution state, thereby reducing efficiency. Can be prevented.

상기 플로트(101)은 용액의 비중에 의해 부유하거나 침잠하게 되고 용액의 비중은 용액의 농도와 온도에 따라 결정되므로 이를 상관 관계를 고려해야 하며 용액의 흐름 특성도 감안하여 결정하여야 한다.Since the float 101 is suspended or submerged by the specific gravity of the solution, and the specific gravity of the solution is determined by the concentration and temperature of the solution, a correlation must be taken into consideration and the flow characteristics of the solution must be determined.

이상 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명은 냉동기 가동시 용액의 농축을 신속하게 이루어지게 함으로써, 재생기가열량의 절강과 정상상태에 도달하는 시간의 단축을 유효히 이룰 수 있으며, 고농도 용액이 흡수기(4)에 유입되는 순간 자동적으로 냉매펌프(9)를 가동시킬 수 있으므로 용액의 과농축으로 인한 결정의 생성을 방지할 수 있다.As described above, the present invention enables rapid concentration of the solution during operation of the freezer, thereby effectively reducing the time for the regenerator to reach the steady state and reducing the amount of heat, and the high concentration solution is introduced into the absorber (4). Since the refrigerant pump 9 can be automatically operated at the moment, it is possible to prevent the formation of crystals due to overconcentration of the solution.

Claims (1)

물을 냉매로 하고 염류수용액을 흡수제로 사용하는 냉동기에 있어서 저온재생기(2)의 출구를 용액의 농도에 따라 자동적으로 개폐할 수 있는 플로트(101)과 안내판(102)을 설치하고, 저온재생기(2)의 오버플포우(OVERFLOW) 관(22)를 흡수기(4)에 연결하지 않고 직접 용액펌프(8)의 흡입구측 관로(16)에 연결하고, 입구관로(21)에 온도감지기(105)를 설치하여 이를 냉매펌프(9)의 제어 스위치로 연결시켜, 초기가동시농용액이 흡수기(4)로 유입됨과 동시에 냉매펌프(9)를 가동시킬 수 있게 한 것을 특징으로 하는 흡수 냉동기.In a refrigerator using water as a refrigerant and a salt solution as an absorbent, a float 101 and a guide plate 102 are installed to automatically open and close the outlet of the low temperature regenerator 2 according to the concentration of the solution. Without connecting the overflow flow pipe 22 of 2) to the intake pipe 4 of the solution pump 8 without connecting the absorber 4, the temperature sensor 105 is connected to the inlet pipe 21. It is installed and connected to the control switch of the refrigerant pump (9), the absorption liquid is introduced into the absorber (4) during the initial operation and at the same time the refrigerant pump (9) characterized in that to operate the refrigerant pump (9).
KR1019870003275A 1987-04-07 1987-04-07 Absorption type refrigerator KR900006565B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019870003275A KR900006565B1 (en) 1987-04-07 1987-04-07 Absorption type refrigerator

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019870003275A KR900006565B1 (en) 1987-04-07 1987-04-07 Absorption type refrigerator

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KR880012966A KR880012966A (en) 1988-11-29
KR900006565B1 true KR900006565B1 (en) 1990-09-13

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KR1019870003275A KR900006565B1 (en) 1987-04-07 1987-04-07 Absorption type refrigerator

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