KR890004579B1 - Multi-direction joint for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-direction joint for a vehicle comprises a first birfield type constant velocity joint (CV1) and a second birfield type constant velocity joint (CV2). In the first joint allowing first angularity between two shafts, a number of steel balls (5) with a retainer (6) roll between the spherical surfaces of a first inner race (3) fitted to a driving shaft (1) and a first outer race (4) integrally formed with a second inner race (3a). The second joint allowing second angularity between two shafts includes a number of steel balls (5a) with a retainer (6a) rolling between the spherical surfaces of the second inner race (3a) and a second outer race (4a) outwardly extending a driven shaft (2) along the center line.

Description

Car steering light constant velocity material

1 is a conventional burrfield type constant velocity material joint.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a light steering constant velocity material joint according to one embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG.

5 is a light steering constant velocity material joint operation state shown in FIG.

The fifth (a) is a 45 degree cross angle operating state.

The fifth (b) is an 80 degree cross angle operating state.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment configuration and operating state of a light steering vehicle using the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Axle shaft 2: Spindle

3: inner ring 3 ': inner ring outer side

4: Outer ring 4 ': Outer ring inner side

4 ": Outer ring outer side 5: Steel ball

6: retainer 7: inner ring guide groove

7 ': guide groove bottom surface 8: outer ring guide groove

8 ': Lower surface of guide groove 9,9a: Outer ring outer end

C.P: Chief C.P2: Secondary Center

I.P: Inner Center I.P2: 2nd Inner Center

O.P: Outer Center O.P2: Second Outer Center

Q: Cross Angle Q2: Second Cross Angle

CV1: Constant velocity joint X.Y: Sphere, wave axis center line

CV2: Secondary joint 3a: Secondary inner ring

3a ': outer side of secondary inner ring 4a: secondary outer ring

4a ': Secondary outer ring inner side 6a: Secondary retainer

5a: 2nd steel ball L: spacing

7a: Guide groove of secondary inner ring 7a ': Lower surface of secondary guide groove

Q2: 2nd bend angle W1, W2, W3, W4: Four wheels

A1, A2, A3, A4: Car side E: Engine

C1, C2, C3, C4: Light steering constant speed joint F1, F2: Front and rear longitudinal deceleration device

ST: Tie rod G1, G2, G3, G4: Rotation converter

P: center of vehicle BS: trailing arm type

S1, S2, S3, S4: Steering cylinder H.P.S: Hydraulic control device

The present invention has a light steering that can form a transmission angle of the drive shaft and the driven shaft up to 80 ° in forming a constant speed joint for the axle for transmitting the driving force to the wheel at a constant speed at an angle in the longitudinal reduction gear of the vehicle. It is about the connection of constant velocity materials.

Conventional axle joints for axles include a birfield type, a rzeppa type, a benclix weiss type, etc., which use a ball as a contact member. According to the change of the coaxial angle, the ball, which is the contact member, is always moved at the center of engagement and is driven at constant velocity. The angle at which the driven shaft is bent with the drive shaft is about 30 ° to about 30 °, which is formed by the steering angle of the front wheel. A typical vehicle using such a constant velocity joint is steered at an arbitrary angle with an extension line of the rear wheel axle center line fixed by a fixed rear wheel and a steering angle of a front wheel equipped with steering knuckles and suspensions. By turning the center of rotation at the intersection of the extension lines of the front wheel steering axis to form a turning radius, the turning center is normally removed from the vehicle by the turning axis. Or it is to be formed yiettara who will require turning radius of the large space.

Such a wide radius of rotation can lead to stable driving in vehicle operation, but a lot of space is taken as a parking space when parking and stopping, and in a narrow area, parking and stopping operation of the vehicle is very cumbersome and difficult.

The present invention is to avoid the conventional configuration of a vehicle having such a wide radius of rotation to form a turning center point as the vehicle body center point, the left and right independent steering of the front wheel and the left and right, independent steering of the rear wheel is 80 during the main, stop driving operation It will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as an object to provide a light steering constant velocity material joint arbitrarily configured within ° degree as follows.

1 shows a typical birfield type constant velocity joint. The inner surface (') and the center (CP) of the outer ring 4 in which the spherical inner ring 3 on which the axle shaft 1 as the drive shaft is arranged is formed, and the spindle 2 as the driven shaft is formed on one side. ) And several still balls 5 are received at equal intervals by retainers 6 between the concentric spherical surfaces of the inner ring 3 and the cross section at the outer surface 3 'of the inner ring 3. The semicircular guide grooves 7 and the inner surface 4 'of the outer ring 4 are seated in several equally spaced guide grooves 8 having a semicircular cross section, and the steel balls 5 are accommodated therein. The guide groove 7 of the inner ring is recessed to the center of the sphere, the center of which is the inner center IP of the position eccentrically from the center CP to the driven shaft side, and the guide groove 8 of the outer ring 4 is spherical. The center of the inner ring guide groove (7) and the opposite position at regular intervals, but the center is the center of gravity (OP) of the position eccentric from the center (CP) to the drive shaft side, each steel ball (5) retainer (6) border the upper end of the outer ring (4) is seated in contact with the guide groove (8), the lower end is seated in contact with the guide groove (7) of the inner ring (3) driving force of the axle shaft (1) is inner ring (3) → steel ball (5) → outer ring In the process of (4), the driven shafts 2 are driven at constant speed rotation, and when the outer ring 4, which is the driven shaft member, has an angle with the axle shaft 1, which is the driving shaft member, the outer ring 4 that is bent. The guide groove 8 of the lower end surface (8) of the guide groove 8 of the inner ring (3) in the rotation curve from the center (EC) eccentric from the center (CP) formed by the lower surface (7) The steel ball 5 is moved from the center CP formed by the inner center eccentrically to the inner center (IP), and the bent side is moved inward and the opposite side is moved outward. 6) it is organically driven so that the steel balls 5, 5 'of the up, down, and opposing positions are always on a bisector of the crossing angle Q.

In the conventional constant velocity material joint CV1, the outer ring outer end 9 is contacted with the axle shaft 1, which is the driving shaft member, at a predetermined angle as the outer ring 4, which is the driven shaft member, is bent. It is supposed to be broken. The present invention is characterized in that the conventional constant velocity material joint (CV1) of the 45 ° bending angle is accommodated in a partial configuration while applying the principle thereof in a complex configuration.

2 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which the spindle 2 of the outer ring 4, which is the driven side member, is separated from the conventional 45 ° type constant velocity material joint CV1, and the outer side of the outer ring 4 is shown. The side surface 4 "is made into a spherical body having a predetermined thickness with the inner surface 4 ', and then a slightly larger spherical body is connected to the end portion of the secondary center on the primary center CP and the extension center line XY of the axle shaft 1. It is formed by the secondary inner ring 3a centering on the center C.P2, and several guide grooves 7a are formed in the same manner as the known constant velocity material joint CV1 in the secondary inner ring 2a. It is formed by the spherical center of the circumference starting from the secondary center of gravity (I.P2) eccentrically from the vehicle center (C.P2) to the driven shaft side, and the outer surface 3a 'of the inner ring is the secondary center (C.P2). The inner center ring (4a) between the secondary center ring (C.P2) and the secondary outer ring (4a) and the secondary retainer (6a) between the secondary center ring (3a) Several secondary ends accommodated in the guide grooves 7a of A guide groove 8a 'for seating the tilt balls 5a is a circumferential surface 4a' with the circumferential center of the secondary outer center O.P2 eccentrically shifted from the secondary center C.P2 to the drive shaft side. ) Is formed in the shape of a semi-circular cross-section, and the rear end portion of the secondary outer ring 4a is formed by accumulating the spindle 2, which is a driven shaft, at the center lines X and Y.

In forming the secondary constant velocity material joint CV2 on the known 45 ° constant velocity material joint CV1 in this manner, the outer surface 4 "of the primary outer ring 4 is spherical, and the rear end has a larger diameter. By forming the secondary inner ring 3a as a single member, the outer outer surface 4 "of the primary outer ring 4 is spherically contacted with the secondary outer ring inner surface 4a 'by the secondary center C.P2. As the secondary inner ring 3a rotates, the inner surface 4a 'and the secondary steel ball 5a of the secondary outer ring 4a serve as contact members, together with the secondary retainer 6a which is spherically contacted. By the principle of jointing, the secondary steel ball 5a can always be placed on the bisector of the secondary cross angle Q2 to make constant speed driving, and the bending angle is the outer end 9a of the secondary outer ring 4a. The design standard is formed at the intersection angle between the primary center (C.P1) and the secondary center (C.P2) in the contact state of the outer surface (4 ") of the primary outer ring (4) which is bent to The diameter of the secondary outer ring 4a within twice the diameter of the primary outer ring 4 While the secondary center of gravity (O.P2) of the lower surface (7a ') of the guide groove (7a) of the secondary inner ring has the distance (L) between the primary (C.P1) and secondary (C.P2). When it is equal to the circumferential diameter of), it is formed around 35 °.

When the angle is the secondary angle of inclination Q2, the angle is the diameter of the outer surface 4 "of the primary outer ring 4, the diameter of the outer end 9a of the secondary outer ring 4a, and the angle of bending. According to the flow angle (flow angle) of the secondary steel ball 5a which rotates at 1/2 angle corresponding to the secondary bending angle Q2, it is formed and considered in various ways.

One embodiment of FIG. 2 is that the second angle of inclination (Q2) is first set to 35 degrees in this design standard, and the overall configuration is configured accordingly. The second angle of inclination (35 degrees) and the first angle of inclination (CV1) It is for obtaining 80 degrees which is the sum of 45 degrees on the side) at the bending angle of the axle shaft 1 which is a drive shaft and the spindle 2 which is a driven shaft. The present invention of such a configuration is applied to the principle of the known burrfield type constant velocity joints, the primary equal velocity joint (CV1) and the primary which combines the conventional constant velocity material joint of 45 degree angle to the axle shaft (1) of the drive shaft By improving the primary outer ring 4, which is the driven shaft member of the inner joint CV1, and forming the secondary inner ring 3a, the secondary inner ring 3a is formed at the same speed by forming the drive body of the sphere in the subsequent stage. The secondary outer ring 4a, the secondary retainer 6a, and the secondary steel ball 5a constituted by secondary joints are formed of secondary constant velocity joints (CV2), and secondary to secondary secondary angles (Q2). Inside the outer ring 4a, the primary constant velocity material joint CV1, which can be bent at 45 degrees, is the secondary center (C.P2), the outer ring 4 consisting of the secondary inner ring 3a as its driven shaft member. The axle shaft 1, which is the driving shaft coupled to the inner ring 3 of the primary constant velocity joint (CV1), and the secondary outer ring 4a of the secondary constant velocity material joint (CV2) in conclusion. Formed on Spindle 2, which is a driven shaft, has a characteristic of being formed as a light steering constant velocity joint which can be driven at constant speed with a bending angle of about 80 degrees which is a sum of 45 degrees of primary angle of rotation and 35 degrees of secondary angle of rotation. will be.

The present invention having such a configuration has a very unique effect when constructing the light steering vehicle by adopting the light steering apparatus and the light steering front wheel independent driving apparatus disclosed with the present invention.

6 is a schematic diagram of an example of a light steering vehicle required to disclose the present invention. It is known that a conventional wheeled vehicle adopts a constant velocity joint of up to 45 degrees to the front wheel, and it is a two-wheel steering type, and the front wheel steering angle is formed within 30 degrees to steer the vehicle to form a turning operation with a wide radius of rotation. It is true.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the wide rotation radius of the two-wheel steering type formed by the steering device mounted only on the front wheel as described above, but specifically, while steering from the two-wheel steering type to the rear wheel, It is characterized by the fact that each of the wheels can form a steering angle of about 80 degrees, which is a wider steering angle than a normal 45-degree constant velocity material joint, and it is composed together with an optical steering device and an independent steering device for obtaining such a steering angle. It is done.

The light steering vehicle for disclosing the present invention has four lights such that the front and rear four wheels W1, W2, W3, W4 are driven shafts of the axles A1, A2, A3, and A4, respectively. Steering constant speed joints C1, C2, C3 and C4, these axles are steered in front and rear longitudinal deceleration units F1 and F2 that transmit the driving force of the engine E through the transmission. The front wheel independent rotation converters G1, G2, G3, and G4 are interlocked.

These front wheel independent rotation converters are an example of the steering method, which is a concept of light steering, which is different from the turning steering concept of a general vehicle, and has four wheels (W1 ') (W2') (in the circumference starting from the center point of the vehicle). W3 ') (W4') is in response to the spindle axis to the steering state toward the vehicle center point (P), the wheels are uniformly controlled in the direction of the arrow 10, so that the independent axle driving at the same speed, respectively, the axle (A1) (A3) controls the axles (A2) and (A4) to reverse rotation in the longitudinal reduction gear (F1) and (F2), respectively, as opposed to the direction of rotation from the normal driving to the forward direction. When the four wheels W1 ", W2", W3 ", W4" are bent at a steering angle of 90 degrees to move and move in the direction of the arrow 11, which is a straight side direction, the direction of rotation in normal driving is different. Conversely, to reverse the rotation direction of the axle (A1) (A4) in the direction of the arrow (11) The control is to be controlled in a rational manner.

In addition to the operation of the front wheel independent rotary device, the configuration of the optical steering device is disclosed with another invention with the present invention, the technical gist of each of the four wheels (W1), W2, W3, (W4) The front wheels W1 and W2 are bent in front of the vehicle body, the rear wheels W3 and W4 are spaced in the vehicle body so that they are bent to the rear of the vehicle body, and the suspension system is provided with a trailing arm type. BS) to ensure steering space, and each steering linkage is independently connected to each axle so that the tie-rod (ST) is independently connected to each axle so that the front wheel is steered within 30 degrees in normal driving and the rear wheel is fixedly aligned. Suspension steering linkage is applied, but the steering cylinders S1, S2, S3 and S4 are addressed to each tie rod ST to an intermediate member to be controlled by a separate hydraulic control device (HPS). .

Such a configuration is provided as an example of an accessory device for constructing an example of a light steering vehicle, and the vehicle is formed with a new steering concept by completely controlling the minimum rotation radius of the vehicle with special operation of the light steering state obtained from the light steering vehicle. . That is, with the above-described light steering general configuration based on the vehicle center point P, the vehicle can be rotated 360 degrees as shown by the arrow 10, and the vehicle can be moved sideways as shown by the arrow 11. The object of the present invention is completed by the operating effect.

As described above, the present invention can be formed with a secondary compound constant velocity material joint (CV) with a light steering of about 80 degrees in forming a constant velocity material joint that transmits the driving force of the axle at constant speed to the respective wheels. Therefore, driving the light steering vehicle has the effect of self-driving by engine driving force rather than a separate auxiliary driving force, and by using the vehicle driving device for normal driving as it is, without steering wheels, each wheel is basically light steering. It has the characteristic to be driven at constant speed in the state.

The configuration and effect of the embodiment described above have been explained by the steering angle of the constant velocity joint body formed when the driven shafts are arranged in the same center line with respect to the axle, but in another embodiment, about 80 degrees obtained in the present invention. Steering angles of the inner and outer constant joints themselves are more aligned with the angle of rotation rearward from the axle in the forward direction when the spindle axis, which is the driven shaft on the front wheel, is aligned rearward somewhat on the same centerline and mounted on the body. There is also an effect that can form a wide steering angle on the body.

Claims (3)

In forming a constant velocity joint of a vehicle, the inner ring to which the drive shaft is connected is spherically contacted to the outer ring by a contact ball and a retainer on the center line and has a primary intersection angle. The outer end of the outer ring of the secondary car is extended to a sphere with a somewhat larger diameter, and it is a secondary inner ring, and the secondary outer ring having a secondary cross angle is spherically contacted with a secondary inner wheel, a secondary steel ball, and a secondary retainer. A light steerable constant velocity joint for automobiles, characterized by forming secondary constant velocity joints in which a driven shaft is formed at an outer end of a vehicle outer ring. The light steering constant velocity material joint for automobile according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the secondary inner ring is made larger than that of the primary outer ring. The light steering constant velocity material joint for automobiles according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the secondary inner ring is not larger than twice the outer diameter of the primary outer ring.

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