KR890003651B1 - Beam removal laser processor - Google Patents

Abstract

A beam moving laser processor for precisely aligning the path of beam in X,Y,Z axis comprises two servomotors (11)(11') to control X axis of motion and two servomotors (13)(17) to control Y and Z axes of motion resp.. X axis of motion is controlled to slide along LM guide (12)(12') attached to bed (30) by two servomotors synchronized by NC control unit. The sliding member (33) of moving member (33) in Y axis and the pinion (10)(10') of servomotor (13) is attached to LM guide (16)(16') and the rack (15). The moving member (34) in Z axis is moved along LM guide (20)(20') by ball screw operated by servomotor (17).

Description

Beam moving laser machine

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention.

2 is a front view of the X-axis feed mechanism showing a portion in cross section.

3 is a side view of the X-axis feed mechanism.

4 is a partial plan view showing the X-Y-axis transmission state of the laser beam.

5 is an assembly detail of the X-axis feed servo motor and rack.

6 is a plan view of the Y-axis feed mechanism.

7 is a plan view of the Y-axis feed mechanism with a part cut away.

8 is a front view of the Z-axis feed mechanism.

9 is a side view of the Z-axis feed mechanism.

10 is a cross-sectional view of the Z-axis feed mechanism.

11 (a) and 11 (b) are perspective views of the laser beam transport path.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: laser oscillator 2: laser beam

3,4,5: Beam Bender 5: Positioner

7: Focus lens 8: Nozzle assembly

9,9 ': rack 10.10': pinion

11.11 ': Servo motor 12,12': LM guide

13: servomotor 14: pinion

15: Rack 16.16 ': LM Guide

17: servo motor 18: ball screw

18 ': Ball nut 20,20': LM guide

30: bed 31: X axis transfer member

31 ': sliding member 32: vertical plane

33: Y-axis feed member 33 ': sliding member

34: Z-axis feed member 34 ': sliding member

35: support plate

The present invention relates to a beam moving laser machine.

As is well known, a laser processor is used to move a laser oscillator, a workstation (workststion), a numerical controller (NC), a beam bender, and a laser beam, which constitute a conveyance path of the laser beam. It is a moving system. In the conventional laser processing machine, the table moving type is applied to a small processing machine, and it is difficult to apply it to a large-sized car, and the holder moving type has a limitation in size, and even if the material moves quickly, Although the position and accuracy are guaranteed, the machining work is performed while the material moves while the laser beam is fixed. Therefore, it is not applicable to a consistent work line of automation and requires a large installation space. In addition, there may be a combination of a holder moving type and a beam moving type, and there may be a combination of a table moving type and a beam moving type.

The table-beam moving type requires relatively little installation space and can be used for partial automation lines. In the beam moving of such a laser processing machine, it is only one axis or two axis moving, but it cannot achieve satisfactory results in maintaining the accuracy of the laser carrier path. In such a laser processing machine, the beam moving type is easy to install an automatic processing line, greatly improves the work efficiency, and is suitable for a large-scale installation. Precise alignment of beams is difficult and adjustment is difficult. For example, in the three-axis configuration of the machining setter, the axial movement is directly made by the wide connection surface between the metal members, but in the laser processing machine, the laser beam is reflected from the mirror surface of the beam bander and precisely reflected in the axial direction. The path of the beam is difficult in that it must maintain a high degree of precision despite the dynamic variation of the XYZ axis.

This invention is demonstrated in detail according to an accompanying drawing as follows.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention. The laser beam 2 generated by the laser oscillator 1 is conveyed to the XYZ axis by the first, second and third beam benders 3, 4 and 6 and connected to the focus lens 7 at the Z-axis end. And projected onto the workpiece through the nozzle assembly 8 to process the workpiece. This laser beam carrier path alignment is shown in FIG. Here, when the corresponding postures of the beam banders 3, 4 and 6 are precisely maintained, the transfer of these X.Y.Z axes does not change the alignment of the laser beams. In addition, the beam venders 3, 4 and 6 consist of a combination of a beam reflecting mirror, a cooling device and a posture adjusting device, mounted on a three-axis feed mechanism.

Now let's look at the configuration and operation of the axis feed mechanisms.

X-axis transport mechanisms are shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5. The X-axis is conveyed by the embossed bridge type X-axis conveying member 31 on the bed 30. To this end, the X-axis LM guides 12 and 12 'are fixed to the horizontal bed 30 in parallel, and the bottom sliding member 31' of the embossed portion of the movable member 31 is connected to the X-axis movable. The piniers 10 and 10 'of the servomotors 11 and 11' attached to the relief portions were connected to the racks 9 and 9 'in the X-axis direction fixed to the bed. Thus, the feed of the X axis sends the feed command to the servomotors 11 and 11 'from the numerical control unit NC to rotate the pinions 10 and 10' through a series of internal gear groups connected thereto. This pinion moves along the rack 9 ('), and the precise X-axis stroke is governed by the LM guides 12 and 12'. In addition, the feed of the X axis can be closed loop position control by a resolver built in the servomotors 11 and 11 ', and a linear scale can be used to feed back this more precisely. In view of economical efficiency, even if this is omitted, the accuracy of 0.025 mm / 300 mm can be maintained.

The x-axis feed can ensure accuracy maintenance by synchronizing the two servomotors 11 and 11 'in addition to the position control described above. To this end, one servo motor is the main servo motor 11, and the other is the servo motor 11 ', and when the NC command is given, the amount of the servo motor 11 and the servo motor 11 are moved. ') Compares the lifted amount in the comparison circuit and sends the difference value to the command value to the servo motor 11 to match the command value. It is possible to precisely maintain the X-axis feed posture by synchronizing the main servo motor by feeding back the difference between the main servo motor and the command value and the difference between the sub servo motor and the sub servo motor 11 '.

Y-axis feed mechanisms are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Y-axis feed is performed on the X-axis feed member (30). Two horizontal Y-axis LM guides 16 and 16 'are fixed in parallel to the vertical plane 32 of the X-axis conveying member body, and the sliding member 33' of the Y-axis conveying member is connected to the guide and The pin 15 of the servo motor 13 attached to the rack 15 fixed to the X-axis conveying member and the Y-axis conveying member is controlled, and the Y-axis conveying member is controlled by the command of NC. It is fed to the axis and the position compensation is done by the feedback signal.

8, 9 and 10 show the Z-axis feed mechanism. The Z axis feed is performed on the Y axis feed member 33. Two vertical Z-axis LM guides 20 and 20 'are attached in parallel to the vertical plane of the Y-axis conveying member 33, and the sliding member 34' of the Z-axis conveying member 34 is connected to the guide. The ball screw 18 of the end of the servo motor 17 which is fixed to the Y-axis feed member 33 and dominates the Z-axis feed position is coupled to the ball nut 18 'of the Z-axis feed member and is in accordance with the NC command. As the servomotor 17 rotates the ball screw 18, the Z-axis feed member 34 is transferred on the Z-axis, and the position is compensated by the feedback signal.

Now, the combination of the beam benders 3, 4, 6 and the axis feed mechanism will be described.

The first beam vender 3 was mounted on the laser oscillator 1. This beam bander diffracts the laser beam 2 emitted from the laser oscillator in the X-axis direction. The second beam bender 4 is mounted to the support plate 35 of the X-axis conveying member 33. The beam bander diffracts the laser beam traveling along the X axis at right angles and travels in the Y axis direction. The third beam bender 6 is mounted on the Z-axis transfer member 34 and diffracts the laser beam traveling in the Y-axis direction in the second beam bender.

As such, the beam benders can be mounted on the transfer mechanism to maintain precise posture of the three axes freely and maintain the corresponding posture, so that the precise alignment of the laser beam carrier path can be maintained under the condition that the distance between the beam banders is close and far and continuously. It is.

As described above, in order to achieve the carrier path element of the X.Y.Z axis obtained by the beam bender, precise manufacturing of the transfer mechanisms and the detailed axial diffraction of the laser beam by the beam benders are required. As such, in order to coincide the laser beam in the axial direction, the position where the laser beam diffracted in the first beam vendor is incident on the second beam vendor must coincide at two positions, the shortest distance and the longest distance. In addition, the laser beam diffracted in the second beam bender has to coincide in two positions, the shortest distance and the longest distance, which is incident on the third beam bender. Similarly, the laser beam diffracted in the third vendor should coincide in the shortest distance and the longest distance to the incident position of the nozzle assembly 8. The carrier path alignment by adjusting the diffraction angle of the laser beam is one of the important functions for determining the accuracy in the laser processing machine, and is performed as the attitude adjustment of the mirror surface inside the mirror.

The beam banders are equipped with an X.Y.Z-axis fine adjustment positioner 5 to manipulate the diffraction angle. Introducing the adjustment method, the asbestos plate is attached to the second beam bender, and the laser beam is emitted from the shortest and longest distances, and the first beam bender is operated to match the position of the incident laser beam. After the adjustment, the asbestos plate on the second beam bender is removed. Next, when the asbestos plate is attached to the third beam bender and the laser beam is emitted at the shortest and longest distances, the second beam bender is operated to match the position of the laser beam incident on the asbestos plate. Similarly, attach the asbestos plate to the nozzle assembly and adjust the attitude of the third beam bender. When this operation is successful, the laser beam is incident on the nozzle at the correct position at any time on the Z-axis transmission path, even during the dynamic three-axis transport of the transport mechanism.

The nozzle assembly is equipped with a focus lens 7 so that when the connection beam is scanned from the nozzle assembly, it becomes a beam of fine diameter and becomes an enormous energy beam. It can be. As a result, the overall configuration of the present invention has been described, and descriptions of generally known configurations, such as expansion valves for enclosing the laser beam, gas injection of nozzles for protecting the lens, and configuration for cooling the lens and the nozzle, have been omitted. Do it.

As described above, the invention uses two servomotors for X-axis transfer, which is the most basic in constructing a three-axis transfer mechanism equipped with a beam bender, by synchronizing them to achieve fine position compensation, and precisely aligning the transport path of the laser beam. This makes it easy to provide a three-axis feed machine of the laser beam, thereby enabling rapid laser machining on an automatic work line and providing a large laser machine.

Claims (1)

The laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator is diffracted in three axes in a beam bender to be incident on the nozzle assembly, so that the bridges on the X-axis LM guides 12, 12 'on the bed and the racks 9, 9' are mounted. An embossed sliding member 31 'on the X-axis feed member 31 and pinions 10 and 10' of the servomotors 11 and 11 'which are attached to the embossed portions and controlled synchronously are connected, respectively. Y-axis LM guides 16 and 16 'on the vertical plane of the X-axis conveying member and the sliding member 33' of the Y-axis conveying member 33 in the rack 15 and the pinion 10 of the servomotor 13 ( 10 ') are connected to each other, and the sliding members on the Z-axis feed member 34 are connected to the Z-axis LM guides 20 and 20' on the vertical plane of the Y-axis feed member and the ball screw 18 of the servomotor 17. 34 'and a ball nut 18 are respectively connected to the first beam bender 3 on the laser emitter, the second beam bender 4 on the X-axis conveying member 31, and on the Y axis conveying member. 3rd Beam Bender (6) Beam-moving laser machine with good X.Y.Z-axis laser beam transport path.

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