KR890001438B1 - Apparatus for supplying a working fluid and a wire electrode to a work portion of a wire cut electrical discharge machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The appts. for machining a conductive workpiece by electrical discharge includes supplying means for a wire electrode and a dielectric coolant, supporting means for a wire electrode, a cooling device for a power source part, and a position adjusting device for a movable or controllable nozzle. A pair of housing members (5,5') are disposed above and below the workpiece(3), each of which has a connector for a coolant feed pipe (53), an upper opening (51), and a lower opening (52) on which a cooling nozzle (7) is mounted. A guide die holder (6) supported on a movable table (86) is disposed in the housing member so that the wire electrode may be supported by a guide die (61).

Description

Device to supply processing liquid and electrode to thin part of wire-cut discharge device

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for supplying the processing liquid and the wire electrode to the processing portion of the wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention having a processing liquid nozzle of the auto-balance,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the guide die of the wire electrode is lowered in the apparatus shown in FIG.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the device of the present invention, the position of the guide die is fixed inside the housing member,

4 and 4a are cross-sectional views showing the indictment of the embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention configured to control the position of the processing liquid nozzle,

5 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a control device for controlling the device shown in FIG. 4,

를 판별하는 회로의 구성을 보여주는 회로도이고,FIG. 6 shows the state of discharging used in the circuit shown in FIG.

Is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a circuit for determining

7 is a graph showing the relationship between the gap between the workpiece and the tip of the processing liquid nozzle and the processing speed,

8 is a front view showing an example of a means for showing the relationship between the processing liquid supply pressure to the processing liquid nozzle and the processing speed,

10 is a cross-sectional view showing yet another embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2, 107, 202: wire electrode 3, 101, 103: workpiece

5, 5 ', 103, 103', 205: housing member 7, 7 ', 104, 104', 206: processing liquid nozzle

51, 230: Coolant nozzles 61, 108, 108 ', 209: Guide die

The present invention relates to a device for supplying a processing liquid and a wire electrode to a portion to be processed (hereinafter referred to as a machining portion) of a wire cut electric discharge machining device, in particular, a cylindrical flow flowing to surround the wire electrode which is supported to move freely coaxially with the wire electrode. The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying a processing liquid into a processing gap by using a processing liquid nozzle capable of generating processing liquid flow.

Such a technique can generate a cylindrical flow flowing to surround the wire electrode, and the technology in which the processing liquid is supplied to the processing gap by using a jet nozzle fixed in the housing member is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1980 157,430 and US Pat. No. 3,928,163. Moreover, a technique in which a part or a point of this type of processing liquid nozzle can move in the processing liquid spraying direction is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 135,795 (1979), which is filed by the present inventor.

In addition to the above-cited documents, there is no prior art document relating to movable or controllable fluid nozzles.

The present invention has a number of advances in that it is intended to greatly improve the construction and effect of the moveable or controllable process liquid nozzle.

The present invention is a significant improvement over the above-described prior art, and includes a wire electrode supply means, a support device and a cooling device of the power supply, all of which have been improved for a better processing state (i.e., optimum discharge erosion state), It also includes a device that can control the processing nozzle to adjust its position as needed and a number of other improvements.

The apparatus for supplying the processing liquid and the wire electrode to the processing part of the wire cut electric discharge machining device according to the present invention is basically (a) fixed to the upper support member or the lower support member of the electric discharge machining device or the wire in the processing part. It is supported by opening the moving means in the direction of the center of the electrode axis, and has an opening and a processing liquid supply pipe connecting portion which are open on the support member side and the opposite side supporting the electrode, and the upper and lower paper members for processing the workpiece. A housing member in which wire electrodes moving along passages provided between the passages pass through the openings through the openings; (b) a processing liquid supply pipe connected to the processing liquid supply pipe connecting portion of the housing member; (c) in a position provided in the housing member such that the wire electrode passes through it and so that one end of itself always protrudes outward from the opening on the side of the workpiece on the side opposite to the support member supporting the housing member; A processing liquid nozzle slidably supported by the housing member; (d) a guide die installed in the processing liquid flow inside the housing member or the processing liquid nozzle, through which a wire electrode is inserted into the center hole thereof; (e) means for supplying power to a wire electrode, provided close to the opening of the support member side of the housing member; (f) a small diameter coolant nozzle, or coolant, installed in the opening of the support member side of the housing member so that a wire electrode passes through the inside of the housing member so as to generate a stream that reaches the feeder along the wire electrode; A spout; In some cases, an apparatus for restraining and controlling the position of the processing liquid nozzle is provided.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the guide die is supported by lifting and lowering in the housing member and, in some cases, by opening an ultrasonic oscillator which gives ultrasonic vibration thereto. On top of that, in another embodiment of the present invention, the processing liquid nozzle occupies an appropriate position with respect to the workpiece by the processing liquid pressure and its own weight during processing; In another embodiment, an elastic force is added by the spring again; In still another embodiment, an apparatus for capturing the processing liquid nozzles is provided at any time so that the processing liquid nozzles are fixed at predetermined positions different from the auto-balanced positions by the various forces, and the positions thereof are fixed so as to maintain a good working state again. Forced control

It is recommended that the apparatus according to the present invention be provided on both of the support members above and below the workpiece, but when provided only on either side, the device is provided on the side of the downward support member. Moreover, when the apparatus is installed on both supporting members, the hydraulic pressure supplied from the apparatus on the lower supporting member side is higher than that on the upper supporting member side, and when the two apparatuses are operated alternately, the lower apparatus is operated. The time is longer than the operating time of the upper device. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wire electrode power supply device with sufficient supply of the processing liquid in the processing gap between the workpiece and the wire electrode when the workpiece is processed by the wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus. By supplying a cooling liquid, and further, installing the guide die in the processing liquid flow to cool the guide dies of the wire electrodes of the pair of feeders on both sides of the workpiece to be heated by the processing current and the wire electrodes which generate a large amount of frictional heat. In order to keep the machining condition in good condition at all times, prevent accidents such as short circuits, and achieve the highest processing efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to adjust the position of the processing liquid nozzle to a position where the processing liquid pressure, the self-weight, the elastic force of the spring and the like automatically balance or the automatic equilibrium position according to various processing conditions, processing purposes, and the like. In other cases, by fixing to a preset restraint position or by controlling the position to hold the specified machining state, machining is performed at the fastest processing speed that can be expected in any case, and the machining is finished within the initial time required. The possible wire cut discharge is to provide a factory value.

A further object of the present invention is to achieve the above object by the simplest configuration.

The above and other objects of the present invention will be further clarified by the following description of the embodiments made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, in order to simplify the drawings, the following known devices, components, components, circuits, circuits, etc., which are not directly related to the essence of the wire discharge processing apparatus of the present invention, are simplified or omitted. That is, bed; column ; Lifting device for supporting member; Worktable and crosstable for supporting the workpiece; Rail wound by wire electrode; Capstan and pinch rollers for drawing wire electrodes from the rails; A brake device for applying tension to the wire electrode; Winding take-up or recovery vessel of the wire electrode; A power supply circuit for applying a voltage pulse between the workpiece and the wire electrode; Processing fluid supply equipment.

The first reference numeral 1 is a support member installed above; (2) a wire electrode; (3), the workpiece to be supported on the machining table 31 which can be moved in the horizontal plane in the x, y biaxial direction by the motors 32 and 33 which are movably supported in the horizontal direction; (4), a small movable table which can be moved by the motors 13A and 13A movably supported in the horizontal direction; (5) and (5 ') are provided with the support member side opening part 51, the to-be-processed object side opening part 52, the process liquid supply hose 53, the longitudinal slit 54, and the seal member 55. Cylindrical housing member; 6, a guide die holder supporting the guide die 61; 7 and 7 'are cylindrical processing liquid nozzles having flanges 71 and 71'; 11, the guide roller; 12, a motor for elevating the elevating member (13); 14, an energizing pin; 15, pinch roller; 80 is a magnetostriction oscillator or an electrostrain oscillator; 81, resonant temperature; 82 is an axis for moving the guide die holder 6 in the axial direction of the movable part wire electrode; 83, a motor for moving the shaft 82; (84) and (85) are motors which move the small movable table 86 which is movable freely in the horizontal direction.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, only the components above the workpiece 3 are shown mainly for the sake of simplicity of explanation, but are also substantially symmetrical to or corresponding to the bottom of the workpiece 3 as necessary. To install the components. However, the downward conduction pin and the guide die movement may be fixed, and since the provision of ultrasonic vibration is not essential, this may be omitted.

The wire electrode 2 is drawn out from the supply rail (not shown), passes through a guide path disposed inside or on the front surface of the support member 1, and extends downward through the brake roller (not shown) and the guide roller 11. After passing through the lower guide roller (not shown) disposed at the position corresponding to the guide roller 11 (not shown) in the lower prevention paper member (not shown), and passing through the capstan and the pinch roller (not shown), It is stored in a recovery container.

The elevating member 13 is attached so that the elevating member 13 can be raised or lowered freely or at a desired position by a manual handle or a motor 12 not shown orthogonal to the supporting member 1.

A small moving table 4 is attached to the lower part of the elevating member 13 so as to be moved and positioned in a plane orthogonal to the moving direction of the elevating member 13 by manual or motor 13A, 13A. On the left end of the figure of the small moving table 4, a conductive pin 14 and a pinch roller 15 of a cemented carbide alloy which contact and supply electric power to the wire electrode 2 to apply voltage pulses to the wire electrode 2, respectively. There is a power feeding device of).

The hollow cylindrical housing member 5 is attached to the lower side of the small moving table 4 as it protrudes on the left side in the figure.

The support member side opening part 51 and the to-be-processed body side opening part 52 are formed in the upper and lower end surfaces of the housing member 5 coaxially with a cylindrical part, and the position of the housing member 5 is the center axis | shaft. It is controlled by the motors 13A and 13A to substantially coincide with the central axis of the wire electrode 2 extending downward from the guide roller 911.

Inside the housing member 5, the guide die holder 6, which has a guide die 61 through which the wire electrode 2 is inserted, at its lower end, has a shaft 82, a small moving table 86, a vibrator ( 80 and resonant arcs 81 are inserted into the coaxial axis so as to be movable up and down.

The guide die holder 6 has many process liquid flow holes 6A and 6A on its side, and the guide die 61 is sufficiently cooled by the process liquid to circulate.

The thin part of the tip of the resonant horn 81 extends into the housing member 95 through the slit 54 in the longitudinal direction, and supports the guide die holder 6, and the openings of the upper and lower slits 54 are sealed. It is sealed by the member 55. As the seal member 55, a seal seal made of flexible rubber, an expansion bellows, or a multistage slide member widely used for protecting the slide surface of a machine tool can be used.

On the other hand, the small moving table 86 supporting the vibrator 80 is supported by the shaft 82 so as to be movable in the direction of the center axis of the wire electrode in the processing portion, and therefore, the guide die holder 6 And the guide die 61 may occupy any position between the highest position shown in FIG. 1 and the lowest position shown in FIG. On the other hand, the processing liquid nozzle 7 is slidably inserted into the workpiece-side opening 52 of the housing member 5 in the axial direction thereof, and a predetermined amount of the processing liquid supply hose 53 is connected. The processing liquid is supplied at pressure. As described above, at least, the housing member 5, the guide die holder 6, the conduction pin 14, the guide die 61, the processing liquid nozzle 7, the processing liquid supply hose 53, and the like. The component is provided below the to-be-processed object 3 symmetrically or correspondingly.

The workpiece 3 is attached to the machining table 31 and in a plane orthogonal to the wire electrode 2 by the motors 32 and 33 controlled by a numerical controller (not shown). It can be moved, and a voltage pulse is supplied from the power supply circuit (not shown) to the wire electrode 2 to perform discharge processing.

During processing, the vibrator 80 is excited as needed to generate ultrasonic vibration, and the vibration is transmitted to the wire electrode 2 via the resonance horn 81, the guide die holder 6, and the guide die 61. . The vibration of the wire electrode 2 facilitates the supply of the processing liquid into the so-called processing gap 3A between the surface of the workpiece 3 and the wire electrode 2 that is currently being processed, and the discharge is concentrated. Prevent it from happening. However, the guide die holder 6 and the guide die 61 do not need to be able to move both up and down. For example, the guide die holder 6 or the processing liquid may be used to move the guide die 61 above. It is also possible to fix the inside of the nozzle 7 or the like.

3 shows an embodiment in which the guide die holder 6 is fixed to the housing member 5.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is the vibrator 80, the resonant horn 81, the shaft 82, the motors 84, 85, the small moving table 86 from the embodiment shown in FIG. The guide die 6 is fixed to the inside of the housing member 5, and the small moving table 4 and the motor 13A are removed, and the conduction pin 14 and the pinch roller 915 are lifted. It is attached directly to 13), and all other components are the same as those of the same reference numerals shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

However, in the present embodiment, the processing liquid nozzle 7 is configured such that the tip thereof is tapered, and the spring 8 always receives the elastic force upward.

In this case, it is recommended that the guide die 61 is located outside the housing member 5 and near the opening 52 into which the processing liquid nozzle 7 is inserted.

In addition, when the thickness of the to-be-processed object 3 is fixed, the guide die holders 6 and 6 'of the upper and lower sides, and the guide dies 61 and 61' can be fixed.

According to the present invention, first, the processing liquid nozzle 7 is pressed against the workpiece 3 while counteracting the elastic force of the spring 8 by the processing liquid pressure acting on the flange 71. The processing liquid is efficiently supplied to the part cut | disconnected by the wire electrode 2 when it reaches | attains the distance nearly touching the to-be-processed object 3, or is contacted with the to-be-processed object 3.

When the processing liquid pressure is appropriately set, a part of the processing liquid is ejected outward from the gap between the surface of the workpiece 3 and the tip of the processing liquid nozzle 7, but most of the wire electrodes 2 of the processing liquid are discharged. Blows into the slit formed by cutting.

When the processing liquid pressure is adjusted in this way, the processing liquid having a constant pressure is sufficiently supplied to the upper and lower openings of the processing gap 3A so that outside air flows into the processing gap 3A because it enters and flows into the processing gap 3A. In addition, since the gas generated by the discharge machining is also absorbed or washed away, the discharge machining can proceed smoothly without being impeded.

If the workpiece 3 has a thickness of less than or equal to a certain degree, it is sufficient as the processing liquid nozzle of any one of the upper and lower portions of the workpiece 3, but the downward processing is performed on the workpiece 3 having a predetermined thickness or more. It is recommended to use a liquid nozzle.

For the thicker workpiece 3, it is necessary to use the upper and lower processing liquid nozzles. In this case, a better result is obtained by setting the processing liquid pressure supplied to the lower processing liquid nozzle higher than the processing liquid pressure supplied to the upper processing liquid nozzle.

With respect to the thicker workpiece 3, it is necessary to alternately supply the processing liquid to the upper processing liquid nozzle or periodically pulsate the processing liquid pressure to be supplied. The device shown in the figures and in the following figures is used.

Secondly, in the apparatus of the present invention, the support member side opening portion 51 of the housing member 5 is formed as a coolant jet nozzle of the energizing pin 14 so that a part of the processing liquid cools the energizing pin 14 from here. To blow out.

Since the conduction pin 14 which contacts and energizes the wire electrode 2 generates a lot of heat and becomes high temperature, it is necessary to cool it appropriately. In the present invention, it is effective to cool without installing a special device for cooling. This will be possible.

Thirdly, according to the present invention, since the guide die 61 is placed in the processing liquid and in close proximity to the workpiece 3, the wire electrode 2 as well as itself is sufficiently cooled. Therefore, the cutting of the wire electrode 2 and the lowering of the tensile force are prevented, so that the discharge processing is performed smoothly and the processing accuracy is maintained at a high level.

Fourthly, in the apparatus of the present invention, the guide die 61 is supported to be movable in the axial direction of the wire electrode of the machining portion, and this can be fixed to an optimum position for machining in proximity to the workpiece 3. It is.

The position of this guide die 61, especially the distance between the guide die below and not shown in figure, needs to be selected suitably according to the thickness of the to-be-processed object 3, the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration given to a wire electrode, and other processing conditions. There is.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the following figure is demonstrated.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the processing liquid nozzle is not automatically balanced by the processing liquid pressure, but the position thereof is controlled, and the gap g between the tip of the processing liquid nozzle and the surface of the workpiece is adjusted. By appropriately controlling, the safety of processing is further ensured, and at the same time, the processing efficiency of a particularly thick workpiece is improved. Further, according to the present embodiment, since the tip positions of the processing liquid nozzles 104 and 104 'can be freely controlled, even when machining the workpiece 101 having a different plate thickness, the thickness change can be obtained. By storing in advance and programmatically controlling the operation of the tip position control motor, it is possible to continue the machining while maintaining the classification of the processing liquid in the desired gap without interrupting the machining.

As described above, when the extremely thick workpiece is processed, the processing average current becomes large, and therefore, particularly when the abnormal discharge and the concentrated discharge occur or when the large current flows through the wire electrode, a quick response is required. In addition to the control of the processing speed and the feed rate, the flow of the processing liquid in the processing gap is controlled by changing the processing liquid pressure and flow rate, or the processing liquid is alternately supplied from the upper and lower processing liquid nozzles, or both processing liquid nozzles. It is necessary to pulsate the amount of the processing liquid supplied from the substrate with an appropriate phase difference, but in such a case, the above-mentioned gaps are often not sufficient to cope with the above-described auto-balancing floating nozzles, and a good processing state can be obtained. It is necessary to control (g).

In this embodiment, the quality of the processed state is discriminated and at the same time, when the processed state is weakened, the position of the processing liquid nozzle is controlled to change the gap g to recover the good processed state.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 101 denotes a workpiece, 102, 102 'are upper and lower support members 103, 103' are housing members 104, 104 ', and The processing liquid nozzles 105, 105 'are covers, 106 are springs, 107 are wire electrodes, 108 are guide dies, 109 are guide die holders, 110 are energized rollers, 111 is the motor, 112 is the dignity gear, 113 is the bearing, 114 is the dignity wheel, 115 is the anti-rotation member, 116 is the rod, and 9117 is the processing liquid supply pipe. The close is the limit switch when the processing liquid nozzle 104 reaches the highest position in the housing member 103.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of fixing the guide die 108 to the housing member 103. In FIG. 4A, the guide die 108 'is attached to the nozzle 104' of the processing liquid. Is showing. The upper portion of the rod 116 is a male screw and fits into a female screw provided at the center of the dignity wheel 114. The lower end of the rod 116 is also connected to the top of the processing liquid nozzle 104. A portion of the lower end adjacent to the connecting portion is provided with a key groove for preventing rotation, and has a key adapted to the key foam. Therefore, the nozzle 104 cannot be rotated due to the rotation preventing member 115 provided on the inner surface of the housing 103, but is supported so that it can freely move up and down.

When the motor 111 rotates and thus the dignity gear 112 and the dignity wheel 114 rotate, the rod 116 moves up or down in accordance with the rotation direction of the dignity wheel 114 to move the hydraulic oil nozzle 104. The distance g is controlled by pulling up or pushing down.

5 shows a control device for controlling this motor 111. Here, the member number "119" is a processing power supply circuit for supplying a voltage pulse between the wire electrode 107 and the workpiece 101, "120" is a device for detecting the discharge state, "121" is a discharge state Determination device for determining whether or not good or bad, "122" is a numerical control device, "123" and "124" is operated by the command signal provided from the numerical control device 122, X to the workpiece 101 The moving devices for moving in the axial direction and the Y axis direction, "125" and "126" are AND circuits.

6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the discharge state detection device 120. In this example, when the discharge voltage of one pulse is in a certain voltage range, for example, when the power supply voltage is 100 V, when the discharge voltage is in the range of 22 to 70 V, the discharge pulse is good and is the full voltage of the good discharge pulse. By knowing the ratio to the number of pulses or the number of occurrences per unit time, it is to determine whether the discharge state is good or bad.

In Fig. 6, " 127 " is the highest voltage detecting circuit which is logic 1 when the output voltage is above 0 when the discharge voltage exceeds the upper limit voltage 70V, and " 128 " When the voltage exceeds 22V, the output voltage under the output logic 1 is less than 0, and the undervoltage detecting circuit is set to 0. After 129 has passed from the leading edge of the voltage pulse supplied from the processing power supply circuit 119, More precisely, if the discharge between the wire electrode 107 and the workpiece 101 is normal, the timing pulse oscillation time for oscillating the timing pulse is counted when the voltage drops to the value within the normal range by the discharge. A counter "132" is a counter that counts the timing pulses output by the timing pulse oscillator circuit 129.

Whenever the counter 132 counts a certain number of timing pulses, the determination device 121 calculates a ratio between the count value of the counter 131 and the count value of the counter 132, and whether the ratio is a constant value, such as 0.5 or more. Or, if it is within a predetermined range, for example, in the range of 0.5 to 0.8, the discharge state is distinguished as good, otherwise it is classified as bad.

In this way, when the discharge state detection device 120 indicates that the discharge state is good, the command pulse from the numerical control device 122 passes through the AND circuits 125 and 126, and the moving devices 123 and 134 in the X and Y axis directions. ) To move the workpiece 101 along a predetermined path and to proceed with the discharge machining.

On the other hand, when the discharge state is poor, the AND circuits 125 and 126 are closed, so that the discharge processing is stopped once, and instead, the motors 111 and 111 'are driven to realize a good discharge state, and the processing liquid nozzles 104 and 104' are avoided. The distance g is adjusted by approaching or separating the workpiece 101 to resume the next discharge machining. The optimal spacing (g) dimension for machining is thus determined by a number of tolerances.

In general, when the thickness of the workpiece is thin, as described above, using the automatic balancing floating nozzle, an appropriate amount of processing liquid classification is visible between the nozzle tip and the surface of the workpiece. Good results can be obtained by controlling the pressure, but even in this case, it is desired to set the interval g appropriately to obtain the best results.

The problem of setting the value of this gap g becomes more important as the thickness of the workpiece increases, and has a greater influence on the work performance.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the gap g and the processing speed V (speed at which the workpiece or the wire electrode moves) when processing a S 55c steel plate having a thickness of 20 mm. The curves a, b, c) shows a case where the pressure of the processing liquid is 2,1,1,5,1,2 kg / cm 2, respectively, and the range indicated by “d” in FIG. 7 is employed in the conventionally known fixed processing liquid nozzle. The value of the interval.

The reason why the processing speed changes depending on the magnitude of the interval g is that the frequency of normal discharge pulses varies depending on the value of the interval g.

It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the processing feed speed can be improved by employing a smaller interval g than the value " d " conventionally employed.

Also, it can be seen that there is an interval g for maximizing the processing rapid speed under any hydraulic pressure shown in this figure.

8 is a graph showing the relationship between the processing liquid pressure p and the feeding speed V when the interval g is a constant value. This is a relationship between the processing liquid pressure and the workpiece feeding speed in the case of processing an S 55c steel plate having a thickness of 3 mm with a distance g between the workpiece 101 and the processing liquid nozzle 104 being 3 mm. A graph representing.

The relationship between the processing liquid pressure (P kg / cm 2) and the processing speed (V mm / min) is shown in the four curves e, f, g and h in FIG. Curve (e) When the processing liquid is supplied at the same pressure from the upper and lower processing liquid nozzles 104 and 104 'of the workpiece 101, the curve f is the curve when the processing liquid is supplied from only one of them. g), when supplying the processing liquid of the same pressure alternately from both sides at intervals of 1 second, the curve (h) uses the nozzles 104, 104 'of the upper nozzle 104 to lower the liquid pressure of the lower nozzle liquid pressure (P kg). The relationship between the processing liquid pressure (P kg / cm 2) and the processing feed rate (V mm / min) in the case of processing at 60 to 70% of 2 cm 2 / cm 2) is shown.

In FIG. 8, it can be seen that together with the processing liquid pressure, the supplying method thereof is also an important factor, and in any case, if the processing liquid pressure is properly selected, better results can be obtained than without the processing liquid.

By combining the optimum spacing (g) and the processing liquid pressure (p), the material and thickness of the workpiece, the material and diameter of the wire electrode, the pulse waveform of the processing, the properties of the processing liquid, the temperature, and the curvature of the processed contour We fluctuate greatly by purpose of processing. Therefore, based on experience prior to processing, the optimum numerical values are set for the interval g and the processing liquid pressure p together with the pulse waveform of the processing. However, if the desired performance cannot be obtained by this, Since the discharge state detecting device 120 and the discriminating unit 121 indicate a defective discharge state, the interval g and / or the processing liquid pressure p are readjusted so that a desired processing feed rate can be obtained at that time. Done.

When the interval g is readjusted, as described above, the motors 111 and 111 'shown in FIG. 4 are driven to bring the nozzles 104 and 104' of the processing liquid closer to the workpiece 101. Alternatively, the gap (g) is adjusted while opening, and a test is performed to check the results.

Based on the data obtained from the values of the various intervals g, the optimum interval g is determined, and the motors 111, 111 'are constructed so that the interval g is realized, and the processing liquid nozzles 104, 104' are formed. Move it. Thus, by providing the processing liquid pressure control device as shown in FIG. 9 to the electric discharge machining apparatus, the processing liquid pressure p can be controlled together with the above-mentioned interval g.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing one example of the processing liquid pressure control means, which is added to the apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, in which "133, 133" supplies the processing liquid to the processing liquid nozzles 104, 104 ', respectively. Process liquid piping connected to the process liquid supply pipe (117, 117 '), "134, 134" is the throttle valve, "135" is the processing liquid tank, "136" is the processing liquid pump, "137" is the processing liquid container, "138" Silver processing liquid return pipe, "139" is a processing liquid processing device, "140,140" is a residue control valve.

The trout valves 134 and 134 'may be of several kinds of operations, but can also be configured to be controlled in response to the output of the discriminating apparatus 121.

The electronic control valves 140 and 140 'are controlled by a control device (not shown) and are opened and closed appropriately depending on whether the processing liquid is supplied from both sides simultaneously, only from one side, or alternately.

When the workpiece is an S 55c iron plate, it is sufficient to supply the processing liquid only from one nozzle when the thickness is 20 mm or less, but when it is 20 to 60 mm, it is encouraged to supply the processing liquid from both the upper and lower nozzles. For the above-mentioned workpieces, it is necessary to alternately supply from the upper and lower nozzles, or to spray the processing liquid by setting the hydraulic pressure of the lower nozzle higher than the hydraulic pressure of the upper nozzle, and the electronic control valve ( 140, 140 ').

In the wire curl electric discharge processing apparatus, not only does it cover a wide range from 0.1 mm or less to 50 mm or more in thickness, but also various materials thereof. Varies.

The motors 111 and 111 'are controlled to change the interval g stepwise, and the opening degree of the throttle valves 134 and 134' is changed at each step to obtain the best condition. Alternatively, the openings of the throttle valves 134 and 134 'are changed in steps to control the motors 111 and 111' for each step to change the interval g to obtain the best condition.

At this time, the above adjustment may be performed while simultaneously changing the positions of the nozzles at both the upper and lower sides or the processing liquid pressure, but first, only one nozzle may be adjusted, and then the other one may be adjusted.

In addition, when using both upper and lower nozzles for a workpiece having a medium thickness, it is not necessary to adjust the position of both nozzles and / or the processing liquid pressure, and for example, only the lower nozzles are used. It is sufficient to perform adjustment similarly, and to infer from the data on the lower nozzles and to adjust the upper nozzles.

Generally, the processing liquid pressure of the upper nozzle is within 1 kg / cm 2, for example, in the range of 0.2 to 0.4 kg / cm 2, and the processing liquid pressure of the lower nozzle is 1 to 2 kg / cm 2, such as 1.2 to 1.5 kg / cm 2. By setting the flow rate of the processing liquid from the lower side within a range, the processing performance, in particular, the processing feed speed can be improved.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 10.

In this embodiment, the nozzle of the processing liquid is configured in such a way that the resin can be replaced with the state in which it can be controlled to an automatic equilibrium state and a predetermined position.

In FIG. 10, "201" is a lower support member, "202" is a wye electrode, "203" is a workpiece, "204" is a lifting member supported to be freely up and down by the support member 201, "205" is a housing member, "206" is a processing liquid nozzle, "207" is a sealing member made of a soft material, "208" is a guide die holder, "209" is a diamond die guide, "210" is Casing of the guide die 209, "211" is the processing liquid hose, "212" is energized, "213 and 214" are cylinders 215 and 216, pistons 217 and 218, hollow tubular, respectively. Hydraulic cylinder unit consisting of rods 219 and 220, inlet pipes 223 and 224, "225" is a magnetostrictive or electrostrictive vibrator, "226" is a magnetic chuck unit, "228" and 229 "are vibrators ( 225 and the electric wire "230" for supplying electric power to the magnetic chunk unit 227 are cooling water supply nozzles for the energizing roller 212.

In the state shown in FIG. 10, the magnetic chuck unit 227 is in a resting state, and the processing liquid nozzle 205 is not mechanically constrained, as shown in FIG. 1. The pressure and gravity are in equilibrium, and a part of the processing liquid flows out through the gap between the sealing member 207 provided at the tip of the nozzle 206 and the upper surface of the workpiece 203, and the remaining processing liquid is cut. It is in a state flowing into the slit formed by processing.

In this embodiment, the position of the guide die holder 208 is controlled and determined by the hydraulic cylinder unit 213.

The electric wire 228 supplies electric power required to the vibrator 225 through the center hole of the hollow tubular rod 219 of the hydraulic cylinder unit 213, generates ultrasonic vibration, and generates a resonance horn 226 and a guide die arc. The wire electrode 202 is vibrated through the holder 208 and the guide die 209.

In the case where the processing liquid nozzle 206 is mechanically restrained and used as shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic chuck unit 227 is lowered using the hydraulic cylinder unit 214 to flange the processing liquid nozzle 206. The magnetic chuck unit 227 is excited by energizing the electric wire 229 leading to the magnetic chuck unit 227 through the center hole of the hollow tubular rod 220. And the hydraulic cylinder unit 214 is operated to adjust the position of the processing liquid nozzle 206. At this time, the positions of the processing liquid nozzle 206 and the guide die 209 are coded by the encoders 222 and 221, respectively, and the signal is sent to a controller and indicator not shown.

In this apparatus, a portion of the processing liquid is ejected from the nozzle 230 to cool the energizing roller 212, and the other part is passed through the slotted slit provided on the side of the guide die holder 208, the guide die holder 208 ) Flows into the inside of the tube) to cool the guide die 209.

The reason for providing the soft sealing member 207 in this embodiment is to prevent the tip of the processing liquid nozzle 206 from damaging it when it comes into direct contact with the workpiece 203, and in some cases, the sealing member. By pressing 207 on the upper surface of the workpiece 203, the whole amount of the processing liquid supplied is introduced into the slit.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, according to the present invention can achieve the object of the present invention as described above. However, the configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and, for example, the housing member, the processing liquid nozzle guide die, their supporting device, the restraining and moving device, the processing liquid supply pipe, the guide of the wire electrode and the conducting device, etc. Since the shape and structure of the element can be changed in design within the scope of the object of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is limited only by the following claims.

Claims (11)

An apparatus for supplying a processing liquid and a wire electrode to a processing portion of a wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus, the device comprising: (a) a supporting member fixed to or supported by an elevating or lower preventing member of the electric discharge machining apparatus or by a lifting means; The first and second openings and the processing liquid connecting portion which open to the opposite side and the opposite side, and a wire electrode moving along the passage provided between the upper support member and the lower support member for processing the workpiece, A housing member passing through the inside; (b) a processing liquid supply pipe connected to the processing liquid supply pipe connecting portion of the housing member; (c) is formed so as to slide in the housing and the wire electrode passes therein so that one end thereof projects outward from the second opening rotor on the side of the workpiece opposite to the support member which always supports the housing member; A processing liquid nozzle supported at a position to be performed; (d) a guide die provided in the processing liquid flow inside the housing member or the processing liquid nozzle, the wire electrode being inserted into the center hole thereof; (e) means for providing power to the wire electrode provided adjacent to the first opening on the support member side of the housing member; (f) having a small diameter coolant nozzle provided at the first opening of the support member side of the housing member such that a wire electrode passes through the interior of the housing member and capable of generating a jet that reaches the power supply along the wire electrode; Characterized in that the device. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the external force acting on the processing liquid nozzle slid into the housing member is only the processing liquid pressure and gravity. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a spring is provided between the nozzle holder and the processing liquid nozzle, so that in addition to the processing liquid pressure and its own weight, the elastic force of the spring is applied to the nozzle of the processing liquid. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing liquid nozzle has a soft sealing member at its tip. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guide die is supported to be freely movable in the movement direction of the wire electrode. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the guide die is supported via an ultrasonic vibrator. An apparatus for supplying a processing liquid and a wire electrode to a processing portion of a wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus, the apparatus comprising: (a) a supporting member fixed to or supported by a lifting member or lowering prevention member of a discharge machining apparatus and supported by lifting means; The wire electrode having the first and second openings and the processing liquid supply pipe connecting portion opened to the side and the opposite side, and moving along the passage provided between the upper support member and the lower support member for processing the workpiece, A housing member passing through the opening through the opening, (b) a processing liquid supply pipe connected to the processing liquid supply pipe connecting portion of the housing member, and (c) a slide electrode being slid in the housing and passing through the inside of the housing. The second opening on the side of the workpiece, one end of which is opposite to the support member which always supports the housing member. A processing liquid nozzle supported at a position to protrude outward from the rotor, (d) a processing liquid nozzle moving means capable of determining a position by moving the processing liquid nozzle in a slidable direction, and (e) the processing liquid Means for detecting the position of the nozzle, (f) a guide die provided in the processing liquid flow inside the housing member or the processing liquid nozzle, and a wire electrode inserted into the center hole thereof; and (g) a supporting member of the housing member. Means for supplying wire power provided adjacent to the first opening on the side, and (h) a wire electrode is provided at the first opening on the support member side of the housing member so that the wire electrode passes therethrough and along the wire electrode; And a coolant nozzle of small diameter capable of producing a fraction that reaches. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the processing liquid nozzle is engaged with the processing liquid nozzle moving means through a coupling means capable of restraining and releasing it. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the processing liquid nozzle has a sealing member connected at its tip. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the guide die is movably supported in the direction of movement of the wire electrode. The device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the guide die is supported by an ultrasonic vibrator.

Images