KR880000950B1 - Arc welder for short circuiting - Google Patents

Arc welder for short circuiting Download PDF

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KR880000950B1
KR880000950B1 KR1019880004203A KR880004203A KR880000950B1 KR 880000950 B1 KR880000950 B1 KR 880000950B1 KR 1019880004203 A KR1019880004203 A KR 1019880004203A KR 880004203 A KR880004203 A KR 880004203A KR 880000950 B1 KR880000950 B1 KR 880000950B1
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current
voltage
wire electrode
base material
arc
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KR1019880004203A
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Korean (ko)
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요오이찌로오 다바다
시게오 우에구리
세이고오 히라모도
다까지 미즈노
히로이자 세가와
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미쓰비시전기 주식회사
시끼 모리야
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/09Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
    • B23K9/091Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits
    • B23K9/092Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits characterised by the shape of the pulses produced
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc

Abstract

A short-circuit transfer arc welder has a voltage detector between the wire electrode and the metal to be welded. This is connected to a pair of comparators. Ths first determines when the detected voltage corresponds to a short circuit, the second to an arc disharge. Their signals are fed to a switching control, which closes the main supply switch in response to the first, and opens it in response to the second after a predetermined dealy. This delay is regulated by rhythm control, according to the speed of the wire feed and average value of the detected voltage. The welding arc is maintained by a continuous low voltage auxiliary supply.

Description

단락이행 아아크 용접기Short circuit arc welding machine

제1도는 종래의 단락이행 아아크용접기의 구성표시도.1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional short-circuit arc welder.

제2도는 이 발명의 구성표시도.2 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.

제3(a)도, 제3(b)도, 제3(c)도는 각각 이 실시예에 있어서의 용접전류파형, 기준펄스전류파형 및 a신호표시도.3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) are the welding current waveform, the reference pulse current waveform and the a signal display diagram in this embodiment, respectively.

제4도는 이실시예에서의 와이어 공급속도 ν와 전하량의 관계를 표시하는 특성도.4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the wire supply speed v and the charge amount in this embodiment.

제5도는 이 발명의 다른 실시예에서의 용접전류 파형표시도이다.5 is a welding current waveform display in another embodiment of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 직류전원회로 2 : 스위칭소자1: DC power supply circuit 2: switching element

3 : 직류리액터 4 : 플라이휠다이오드3: DC reactor 4: flywheel diode

6 : 용접와이어릴 7 : 용저와이어6: welding wire reel 7: melting wire

8 : 와이어공급모터 9 : 토치8: wire supply motor 9: torch

10 : 모재 11 : 전류검출기10: base material 11: current detector

12 : 스위치지령회로 15 : 전압검출기12: switch command circuit 15: voltage detector

16 : 제1비교기 17 : 제2비교기16: first comparator 17: second comparator

23 : 기준펄스파형발생기 24 : 제3비교기23: reference pulse waveform generator 24: third comparator

그리고 도면중 동일부호는 각각 동일 또는 상당부분을 표시한다.In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts, respectively.

이 발명은 단락이행 아아크용접기에 관한 것으로서 와이어전극의 공급속도에 따라서 용접중의 입열을 제어하도록 한것이다.The present invention relates to a short-circuit arc welding machine in which the heat input during welding is controlled according to the feed rate of the wire electrode.

제1도는 종랭 이 종류의 용접기구성 표시도이며, 1은 교류전원을 입력하는 직류전원회로, 2는 트랜지스터등의 스위칭소자, 3은 직류리액터, 4는 스위칭소자(2)가 OFF한 직후에 직류리액터에 의한 역전압(고전압)을 스위칭소자에 인가하지 않도록 하기위한 플라이휠다이오드, 5는 아아크를 유지하기 위한 직류전류를 공급하는 보조전원, 6은 용접와이어의 릴, 7은 용접와이어, 8은 와이어(7)을 공급하는 모터, 9는 용접토치, 10은 모재, 12는 스위칭소자(2)를 개폐제어하는 트리거신호지령을 출력하는 스위치지령회로, 15는 와이어전극(7a)와 모재(10)간의 전압 V를 검출하는 전압검출기, 16은 전압검출기(15)에서 검출한 전압 V와 단락에 상당하는 전압 Vo(단락시의 전압 또는 단락직전의 전압)의 크기를 비교하고 V

Figure kpo00001
Vo가 되었을때 스위치지령회로(12)에 스위칭소자(2)를 ON할 지령신호를 주는 단락상태를 판단하는 제1비교기, 17은 전압검출기(15)에서 검출한 전압 V와 아아크재생에 상당하는 전압 Vo의 크기를 비교하고 V
Figure kpo00002
Va가 되었을때 타이어(18)를 작동시켜 일정시간후 T에 스위치지령회로(12)에 스위칭소자(2)를 OFF할 지령신호를 주는 아아크 재생상태를 판단하는 제2비교기이다.1 is a view showing the welding mechanism of this type, where 1 is a DC power supply circuit for inputting AC power, 2 is a switching element such as a transistor, 3 is a DC reactor, 4 is a direct current immediately after the switching element 2 is turned OFF. Flywheel diode to prevent the reactor from applying reverse voltage (high voltage) to the switching element, 5 is an auxiliary power supply for supplying DC current to maintain arc, 6 is reel of welding wire, 7 is welding wire, 8 is wire (7) a motor for supplying, 9 is a welding torch, 10 is a base material, 12 is a switch command circuit for outputting a trigger signal command for opening and closing the switching element 2, 15 is a wire electrode (7a) and the base material (10) The voltage detector for detecting the voltage V between the two, 16 compares the voltage V detected by the voltage detector 15 with the magnitude of the voltage Vo (voltage at the short or the voltage immediately before the short) corresponding to the short and V
Figure kpo00001
A first comparator for judging a short-circuit state that gives a command signal for turning on the switching element 2 to the switch command circuit 12 when Vo becomes 17, and 17 corresponds to the voltage V detected by the voltage detector 15 and arc regeneration. Compare the magnitude of the voltage Vo and V
Figure kpo00002
It is a second comparator for judging the arc regeneration state by operating the tire 18 when Va becomes, and giving a command signal to turn off the switching element 2 to the switch command circuit 12 after a predetermined time.

이어서 이용접기의 동작을 설명한다.Next, the operation of the used folding machine is explained.

먼저 직류전원회로(1) 및 보조전원(5)의 입력스위치(도시생락)를 투입한 상태에서 와이어전극(7a)의 선단을 모재에 단락시킨다.First, while the input switch (not shown) of the DC power supply circuit 1 and the auxiliary power supply 5 is input, the front end of the wire electrode 7a is short-circuited to a base material.

전압검출기(15)의 검출전압 V는 단락에 상당하는 전압 Vo보다 작으므로 (V

Figure kpo00003
Vo) 제1비교기(16)가 작동하여 스위치지령회로(12)에 ON지령 신호가 송출되고 이어서 스위치지령회로(12)에서 트리거신호가 송출되어 스위칭소자(2)가 폐로되고 직류전원회로(1)로 부터 전류가 통전된다. 이 전류는 와이어전극(7a)이 용단되어 아아크가 발생하기까지 흐르며 전압검출기(15)의 검출전압 V는 단락전압에서 아아크전압까지 상승한다. 그러면은 제1비교기(16)의 동작이 정지되고 이윽고 검출전압 V가 아아크재생에 상당하는 전압 Va보다 크게되면은 (V
Figure kpo00004
Va) 제2비교기(17)가 작동하여 타이머(18)가 동작하고 일정시간후 T에 스위치지령회로(12)에 OFF지령신호가 입력되어 스위치지령호로(12)로 부터의 트리거신호가 차단되고 스위칭소자(2)가 개로되며 전류는 리액터(3)에 의하여 감쇠하고 보조전원(5)에서 공급하는 전류뿐이 된다.The detected voltage V of the voltage detector 15 is smaller than the voltage Vo corresponding to the short circuit (V
Figure kpo00003
Vo) The first comparator 16 is operated to send an ON command signal to the switch command circuit 12, and then a trigger signal is sent from the switch command circuit 12 so that the switching element 2 is closed and the DC power supply circuit 1 Current flows from). This current flows until the wire electrode 7a is melted and arc is generated, and the detection voltage V of the voltage detector 15 rises from the short circuit voltage to the arc voltage. Then, when the operation of the first comparator 16 is stopped and the detection voltage V becomes larger than the voltage Va corresponding to arc regeneration,
Figure kpo00004
Va) The second comparator 17 operates to operate the timer 18, and after a predetermined time, the OFF command signal is input to the switch command circuit 12 at T, and the trigger signal from the switch command path 12 is cut off. The switching element 2 is opened and the current is only a current attenuated by the reactor 3 and supplied from the auxiliary power source 5.

이와 같이 하여 1회째의 아아크기간 B에서 와이어전극(7a)와 모재(10)의 가열용융이 이루어지는 동시에 용접와이어(7)가 공급모터(18)에 의하여 토치(9)에 공급되며 용융한 와이어전극(7a)의 선단이 모재(10)에 단락하여 다시 스위칭소자(2)가 폐로되고 직류전원회러(1)에서 전류가 공급되어 용융한 와이어전극(7a)의 모재(10)로의 이행을 종료한다.In this manner, during the first arc period B, heating and melting of the wire electrode 7a and the base material 10 are performed, and at the same time, the welding wire 7 is supplied to the torch 9 by the supply motor 18 to melt the wire electrode. The tip of (7a) short-circuits the base material 10, and the switching element 2 is closed again, and a current is supplied from the DC power supply circuit 1 to terminate the transition of the molten wire electrode 7a to the base material 10. .

이와 같은 동작이 반복되어서 용접이 이루어진다.This operation is repeated to perform welding.

그러나 이와 같이 구성된 용접기에서는 예를들면 와이어공급모터(8)에 의하여 와이어공급량을 변경하면은 그때마다 최적의 단락-아아크의 반복이 이루어지도록 타이머(18)의 지연시간 T를 조정하고 아아크기간의 전류를 조정하는 것이 필요하여 용접조건을 설정하는데 시간이 많이 걸리고 또 숙련을 필요로하는등 결점이 있었다.However, in the welding machine configured as described above, for example, when the wire supply amount is changed by the wire supply motor 8, the delay time T of the timer 18 is adjusted so that the optimum short-arc repetition is performed every time, and the current of the arc period is maintained. It was necessary to adjust the welding time, it took a lot of time to set the welding condition and it required the skill.

이 발명은 상기와 같은 결점을 제거하기 위한 것으로 와이어공급량에 따라 자동적으로 아아크기간의 전류를 조정하는 장치를 설치하므로서 최적의 용접상태를 용이하게 얻을수 있도록 한것이다.The present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned defects, and to provide an optimum welding state easily by installing a device that automatically adjusts the current of the arc period in accordance with the wire supply amount.

다음은 이발명의 한실시예를 도면에 의하여 설명한다.The following describes one embodiment of the present invention by the drawings.

제2도에서, 11은 전류검출기, 23은 기준펄스파형 발생기이며 와이어 공급량에 따라서 기준펄스파형 Io가 선정되며 제2비교기(17)에 의하여 동작시점이 제어된다.In FIG. 2, 11 is a current detector, 23 is a reference pulse waveform generator, and a reference pulse waveform Io is selected according to the wire supply amount, and an operation point is controlled by the second comparator 17. FIG.

24는 전류검출기(11)의 검출전류치 I와 기준펄스전류파형 Io를 비교하고 그 결과에 의하여 스위치지령회로(12)에 ON-OFF지령을 출력하는 제3비교기이다.24 is a third comparator for comparing the detected current value I of the current detector 11 with the reference pulse current waveform Io and outputting the ON-OFF command to the switch command circuit 12 as a result.

제3(a)도는 이 실시예의 용접전류파형도, 제3(b)도는 기준펄스전류파형 Io의 파형도, 제3(c)도는 제1비교기(16)의 출력신호 a의 타이밍도이다.3A is a waveform diagram of the welding current waveform of this embodiment, 3B is a waveform diagram of the reference pulse current waveform Io, and 3c is a timing diagram of the output signal a of the first comparator 16. FIG.

이어서 이실시예의 동작을 설명한다.Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

직류전원회로(1)의 입력스위치를 투입하는 동시에 와이어공급모토(8)에 의하여 와이어(7)를 토치(9)에 공급하면은 와이어전극(7a)은 모재(10)와 단락한다.When the input switch of the DC power supply circuit 1 is turned on and the wire 7 is supplied to the torch 9 by the wire supply moto 8, the wire electrode 7a is shorted with the base material 10.

그러면은 전압검출기(15)의 검출전압 V의 신호를 입력하여 제1비교기(16)가 동작하여서 a신호가 ON상태로 되며 스위치지령회로(12)를 통하여 스위칭소자(2)에 ON지령하여 직류전원회로(1)에서 단락전류를 토치측으로 공급한다.Then, the first comparator 16 is operated by inputting a signal of the detected voltage V of the voltage detector 15 so that the a signal is turned on, and the ON command is made to the switching element 2 through the switch command circuit 12 to direct the DC. The power supply circuit 1 supplies a short circuit current to the torch side.

이 단락전류에 의하여 와이어전극(7a)의 선단이 가열전단되어 단락상태에서 개방되고 아아크가 발생한다.This short-circuit current causes the front end of the wire electrode 7a to be heat-sheared to open in a short-circuit state, causing arcing.

이 아아크가 발생하면은 전압검출기(15)의 검출전압 V가 상승하여 제1비교기(16)의 a신호가 OFF상태로 되며 이어서 제2비교기(17)가 동작하고 그 출력이 ON상태로 되어서 기준펄스 파형발생기(23)가 동작하여 와이어공급속도 ν에 따른 기준펄스전류파형 Io를 출력한다.When this arc occurs, the detection voltage V of the voltage detector 15 rises so that the a signal of the first comparator 16 is turned OFF. Then, the second comparator 17 is operated and its output is turned ON. The pulse waveform generator 23 operates to output the reference pulse current waveform Io according to the wire supply speed v.

이 기준펄스전류파형 Io와 전류검출기(15)에서 검출한 전류치 I신호가 비교기(24)에 입력된다.The reference pulse current waveform Io and the current value I signal detected by the current detector 15 are input to the comparator 24.

이 비교기(24)는 (Io-I)가 정일때는 그 위치지령회로(12)를 통하여 스위칭소자(2)에 ON지령신호를송출하고, (Io-I)가 부일때는 스위치지령회로(12)를 통하여 스위칭소자(2)에 OFF지령신호를 송출하고 있다. 이 아아크기간에서의 전류의 피드백제어에 의하여 아아크기간의 전류파형 즉 전하량 Q(제3(a)도의 사선부)를 제어할수 있다.The comparator 24 sends an ON command signal to the switching element 2 via the position command circuit 12 when (Io-I) is positive, and the switch command circuit 12 when (Io-I) is negative. The OFF command signal is sent to the switching element 2 via the switch. By the feedback control of the current in the arc period, it is possible to control the current waveform of the arc period, that is, the charge amount Q (an oblique portion in FIG. 3 (a)).

실험에서 이 아아크기간의 전하량 Q와 와이어공급속도 ν를 소정의 함수로 대응시키면은 항상 최적의 용접비드를 얻게되는 것을 알았다.In the experiment, it was found that the optimum weld bead is always obtained by matching the charge amount Q of the arc period with the wire supply speed v as a function.

제4도는 이실시예에서 와이어전극을 모재에 대하여 부극성으로한 SP용접법에서의 와이어공급속도 ν에 대한 아아크기간의 전하량 Q의 관계를 표시하는 특성도이며 특성 B는 최적용접비드를 얻은 조건이다.4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of charge Q in the arc period to the wire supply speed ν in the SP welding method in which the wire electrode is made negative with respect to the base material in this embodiment, and characteristic B is a condition of obtaining an optimum welding bead. .

이와 같이 와이어공급속도 ν에 대응하여 아아크기간의 전하양 Q를 변화시키는 방법으로서는 구체적으로 제3(b)도의 기준펄스전류파형 Io의 펄스폭 Y, 펄스피크전류 IP, 펄스전류주기 T또는 직류전류분(백르라운드전류) IB중 어느것을 변화시켜도 같은 효과를 얻었다.As such a method of changing the charge amount Q in the arc period in correspondence with the wire supply speed ν, specifically, the pulse width Y of the reference pulse current waveform Io, the pulse peak current I P , the pulse current period T or the direct current of the third pulse (b). The same effect was obtained by changing any of the current component (backround current) I B.

제5도는 양극성 단락이행 아아크용접기에 이 발명을 적용한 한실시예에서의 전류파형도이다.5 is a current waveform diagram in one embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a bipolar short-circuit arc welder.

이 실시예 에서도 와이어공급속도 ν에 따라 아아크기간의 전하량 Q(사선부)를 제어하므로서 같은 효과를 얻었다.Also in this example, the same effect was obtained by controlling the charge amount Q (diagonal portion) in the arc period according to the wire supply speed v.

그리고 상기 실시예에서는 제2비교기(17)를 설치하여 아아크재생후에 기준펄스파형 발생기를 동작시켰지만은 제2비교기를 생략하고 항상 와이어 공급속도에 따른 기준펄스전류 Io를 출력하고 와이어전극(7a)이 단락하면은 제1비교기(16)의 출력이 ON상태가 되어 단락전류가 흐르도록 하여도 효과를 얻게된다.In the above embodiment, although the reference pulse waveform generator was operated after the arc regeneration after installing the second comparator 17, the second comparator was omitted and always outputs the reference pulse current Io according to the wire supply speed. If the short circuit occurs, the output of the first comparator 16 is turned ON, so that the short circuit current flows.

이상과 같이 이 발명에 의하면은 와이어공급속도 ν에 따른 아아크기간의 전하량 Q를 소정함수로서 자동적으로 변화하도록 구성하였으므로 와이어의 공급 속도를 변화시킨 경우 각별한 조정을 하지않아도 항상 최적용접조건으로서 용접하는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, since the charge amount Q of the arc period according to the wire supply speed ν is configured to be changed automatically as a predetermined function, the welding effect is always welded as the optimum welding condition even if the wire supply speed is changed without special adjustment. There is.

Claims (2)

모재로 향하여 공급되는 와이어전극과, 상기 모재와 와이어전극간에 전압을 공급하는 직류전원과 상기 모재와 와이어전극간에 용접아아크를 유지하기 위한 직류전류를 공급하기 위한 보조전원과, 상기 모재와 와이어전극으로 공급되는 전압을 개폐하는 스위칭회로와, 상기 모재와 와이어전극간의 전압을 검출하는 전압검출기와, 상기 전압검출기의 검출전압이 상기 모재와 와이어전극의 단락상당의 전압이 된것을 판단하는 제1비교기와, 상기 전압검출기의 검출 전압이 아아크방전 전압이 된것을 판단하는 제2비교기와, 상기 와이어전극의 와이어공급량의 검출치와 상기 제2비교기로 부터의 신호에 따른 기준펄스전류파형을 발생시키는 기준 펄스발생기와, 용접전류를 검출하는 용접전류검출기와, 상기 용접전류검출기에 의하여 검출된 전류치와 상기 기준펄스전류를 비교하여 제어신호를 발생하는 제3비교기와 상기 제1, 제3의 비교기로부터의 신호에 의하여 상기 스위칭회로의 개폐를 제어하는 제어수단을 구비한것을 특징으로 하는 단락이행 아아크용접기.A wire electrode supplied toward the base material, a DC power supply for supplying a voltage between the base material and the wire electrode, an auxiliary power supply for supplying a DC current for maintaining a welding arc between the base material and the wire electrode, and the base material and the wire electrode. A switching circuit for opening and closing the supplied voltage, a voltage detector for detecting a voltage between the base material and the wire electrode, a first comparator for determining that the detected voltage of the voltage detector is a short circuit equivalent voltage between the base material and the wire electrode; And a second comparator for determining that the detected voltage of the voltage detector is an arc discharge voltage, and a reference pulse for generating a reference pulse current waveform according to the detected value of the wire supply amount of the wire electrode and the signal from the second comparator. A generator, a welding current detector for detecting a welding current, and a current value detected by the welding current detector And a third comparator for comparing a reference pulse current to generate a control signal and control means for controlling opening and closing of the switching circuit by signals from the first and third comparators. . 제1항에 있어서, 와이어전극과 모재간의 아아크 방전전류를 보조전원으로 부터의 백그라운드 전류 IB에 일정한 주기를 가진 직류전원으로 부터의 펄스전류를 중첩한 것으로 하고 상기 백그라운드전류 IB또는 상기 펄수전류의 주기 T, 펄스전류폭, 그리고 펄스프크전류 I5Q어느하나 또는 둘이상을 증감하여 기준펄스 전류파형을 제어한것을 특징으로 하는 단락이행 아아크용접기.2. The arc current of claim 1, wherein the arc discharge current between the wire electrode and the base material is superimposed on the background current I B from the auxiliary power source by a pulse current from a direct current power source having a predetermined period, and the background current I B or the pulse number current. A short-performing arc welder, characterized in that the reference pulse current waveform is controlled by increasing or decreasing the period T, pulse current width, and pulse peak current I5 Q.
KR1019880004203A 1981-04-10 1988-04-13 Arc welder for short circuiting KR880000950B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP56053936A JPS57168775A (en) 1981-04-10 1981-04-10 Short circuit transfer arc welding machine
JP56-53936 1981-04-10

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AT508494B1 (en) * 2009-06-18 2015-05-15 Fronius Int Gmbh METHOD FOR CHANGING A WELDING PROCESS DURING A WELDING PROCESS AND FOR HEATING INTO A WELDING PROCESS
US9676051B2 (en) 2012-10-18 2017-06-13 Lincoln Global, Inc. System and methods providing modulation schemes for achieving a weld bead appearance
CN113305398B (en) * 2021-05-25 2022-09-23 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 Pulse double-wire welding phase control method, system, equipment and storage medium

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