KR880000260B1 - Tool changing device of a machine tools - Google Patents

Abstract

When a tool is exchanged between a tool magazine device positioned at the upper part of a column and a spindle positioned at the front part of the column, the tool exchanging operation of the exchanging arm is simplified, so that the tool exchanging time can be reduced. Because the tool magazine device can be positioned at the backside of upper part of the column, it has no bad effect upon the straightness of the column. The spindle can be moved upward and downward along the column of the machine tool.

Description

Tool changer for machine tools

1 and 2 are side and front views showing one embodiment of a tool changer according to the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2 showing the drive mechanism of the exchange arm.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

5 (i) to 5 (x) are explanatory views showing the operation of exchanging a tool using the tool changer according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

11: column 12: spindle

14: Tool storage pot (pot) 15: Tool magazine device

21: exchange arm 23: casing

31: sliding plate 32: main body casing

36, 39: hydraulic cylinder T ₁ : new tool

T ₂ : Tool

The present invention relates to a tool changer for automatically exchanging a tool between a spindle of a machine tool and a tool magazine device, and in particular to a tool magazine device disposed on top of a column of a machine tool. A tool changer for a machine tool capable of performing a tool change operation.

In an operating machine having a spindle disposed so as to be movable up and down along a column, for example, in a horizontal machining center, a tool magazine device for storing and storing a plurality of tools sequentially exchanged and mounted on the spindle is disposed at the top of the column and It is known to have a structure in which tools are automatically exchanged by using an exchange arm having a tool holding portion at both ends disposed between the tool magazine device.

In the machine tool structure having such a tool magazine device arranged above the column, conventionally, the end face of the tool storage port and the end face of the spindle of the tool magazine device are installed in the same vertical plane. Only two positions were allowed to move forward and backward.

For this reason, when the tool is attached by the tool holding part of the replacement arm, the spindle and the replacement arm must be moved up and down each time. The operation of the replacement arm has become very complicated, for example, the replacement arm must be moved forward.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object thereof is to provide a tool changer for a machine tool which can simplify the operation of the replaceable arm and shorten the changeover time.

The present invention relates to a tool changer of a machine tool for automatically exchanging a tool between a spindle and a tool magazine device, wherein a cross section of a tool storage port is provided on an upper side of a spindle and a column arranged to move up and down along a column of a machine tool And an exchange arm pivotally disposed between the tool magazine device disposed by rearwardly of the spindle end face, and having a tool gripping portion at both ends, and the exchange arm in a shear position parallel to the axis of the spindle. Interchangeable arm retraction moving device for moving forward and backward to three positions of position and rear end position, and upper and lower exchange arms for moving the exchange arm to three positions of repayment position, middle position and lower limit position in the direction orthogonal to spindle axis A moving device is provided.

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 are side and front views showing one embodiment of the tool changer according to the present invention.

In the drawing, reference numeral 11 denotes a door column of a machine tool, and the spindle head 13 having the spindle 12 is supported so as to slide freely in the vertical direction with respect to the column 11. .

A tool magazine device 15 having a plurality of tool storage ports 14 for holding the tool at the top of the column 11 directs the axis of the tool storage port 14 parallel to the axis of the spindle 12. At the same time, the end face of the tool storage port 14 is disposed behind the end face of the spindle 12 and disposed.

The arrangement of the tool storage ports 14 may take various forms such as elliptical and circular.

Reference numeral 21 denotes an exchange arm for tool replacement, in which tool holding portions 22a and 22b are formed at both ends, and is disposed so as to be movable between the tool magazine device 15 and the upper limit position of the spindle 12. The tool holding parts 22a and 22b are comprised by the two click members which the front-end | tip opens and closes.

3 is a side sectional view showing the drive mechanism of the exchange arm 21. As shown in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 23 denotes a casing for holding the replacement arm, and the casing 23 is provided with a rotating shaft 24 for rotating the arm for rotation.

The rear end of the rotary shaft 24 is fitted with a gear 26 that engages with the pinion 25 rotatably installed in the casing 23, and the front end of the rotary shaft 24 is fitted to the rotary shaft 27 of the exchange arm 21 The pinion 29 which meshes with the installed gear 28 is fitted. The replacement arm 21 is fixed to the rotation shaft 27 in a direction orthogonal to each other.

A sliding plate 31 is firmly attached to the upper portion of the casing 23, and the sliding plate 31 reciprocates in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 24 with respect to the powder casing 32 of the tool changer, so that the sliding movement is freely mounted. It is.

The sliding plate 31 and the main body casing 32 are attached to the tapered surface 31a formed on one end of the sliding plate 31 on the inner surface of the main body casing 32, as shown in FIG. The lower surface 31b of the sliding plate 31 is slidably mounted on the inner mounting surface 32b of the main body casing 32 so as to be slidably movable relative to the sliding portion 32a.

The rack 33 is attached to the rear side of the main body casing 32 so that reciprocation is possible in the direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 24.

The rack 33 is disposed in a positional relationship in which the pinion 25 mounted on the casing 23 is engaged with the sliding plate 31 when the casing 23 moves forward. Reference numeral 34 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for reciprocating the rack 33.

The hydraulic cylinder 36 for advancing and moving the exchange arm 21 is attached to the main body casing 32 so that the piston rod 36a faces in parallel with the rotation shaft 24. The tip of the piston rod 36a is connected to a block 37 firmly attached to the casing 23. The hydraulic cylinder 36 has a three-position stop function capable of stopping at its intermediate position together with the forward end and the reverse end.

The main body casing 32 is arrange | positioned so that shanghai-dong can be along the some guide bar 38 installed perpendicularly to the upper part of the column 11. As shown in FIG. The hydraulic cylinder 39 is installed in the upper part of the column 11 to face the piston rod 39a in the vertical direction, and the tip of the piston rod 39a is connected to the upper end of the main body casing 32.

The hydraulic cylinder 39 has a three-position stop function capable of stopping the main body casing 32 in the middle position together with the rising end and the falling end.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

5 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation of exchanging a tool using the tool changer according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 (i) shows a step of extracting the tool T ₁ to be used next to the tool change position of the tool magazine device 15 based on the tool change command.

The extraction operation of the tool magazine device 15 is performed by pulling out and moving the conveying chain 15a on which the tool storage port 14 is mounted, similarly to the normal tool magazine device 15.

While the tool magazine device 15 is pulling out, the exchange arm 21 is retracted to the rear end position and lowered to the intermediate position. The exchange arm 21 shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and the exchange arm shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 have shown this state position.

After the extraction operation of the tool is finished, the hydraulic cylinder 39 is operated to pull the main body casing 32 upward.

The lifting arm 21 moves upward by the lifting operation of the main body casing 32, and the tool holder 22a on the upper side of the replacement arm 21 holds the tool T ₁ . It is fitted into the cuff (picture) of the fitting (Fig. 5 (ii)).

Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is operated to move the casing 23 forward. This forward movement is performed to the position (intermediate position) where the lower tool holding part 22b of the exchange arm 21 coincides with the end surface of the spindle 12. The new tool T ₁ is thus pulled out with the tool holder from the tool magazine device 15. The spindle 12 on which the used tool T ₂ is mounted is moved to its upper limit position by moving the spindle head 13 along the column 11 (FIG. 5 (iii)). The exchange arm indicated by reference numeral 21a in FIG. 1 indicates this state position. Next, when the hydraulic cylinder 39 is operated to lower the main body casing 32 to its lower limit position, the tool T ₂ on which the lower tool holding portion 22b of the exchange arm 21 is mounted on the spindle 12 is mounted. ) Is fitted into the upright part of the tool holder. (Fig. 5 (iv)).

Next, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is operated to move the exchange arm 21 to its foremost position. (Figure 5 (v)).

The tool T ₂ is thereby pulled out of the spindle 12.

The exchange arm indicated by reference numeral 21b in FIG. 1 indicates this state position. In addition, when moving to the previous end position, the pinion 25, which is fitted to the rear end of the casing 23 for holding the exchange arm, is engaged with the rack 33 and engaged. Subsequently, when the hydraulic cylinder 34 is operated to linearly move the rack 33, the pinion 25 meshing with the rack 33 rotates, and the gear 26, the rotating shaft 24, the pinion 29, and the gear 28 are rotated. And a rotational force is transmitted to the exchange arm 21 through the rotation shaft 27, and the exchange arm 21 rotates 180 °. (Fig. 5 (vi)). As a result, the old tool T ₂ and the new tool T ₁ are held in the upper tool gripping portion of the exchange arm 21, respectively. Next, when the hydraulic cylinder 36 is operated to retract the exchange arm 21 to an intermediate position, the new tool T ₁ is inserted into the spindle 12 and fixedly held by a clamp device (not shown) in the spindle. . (Figure 5 (vii)). By operating the hydraulic cylinder 39 and pulling the main body casing 32 to the uppermost position again, the new tool T ₁ is detached from the lower tool holding part of the exchange arm 21 and is mounted on the spindle 12. (Fifth (viii)). Since the exchange arm 21 is at its upper limit position, the axis of the sphere tool T ₂ held in the upper tool grip portion coincides with the axis of the tool storage port 14 at the tool exchange position of the tool magazine device 15. Is in a closed position. In addition, the machine tool can start processing by using the new tool T ₁ . Next, when the hydraulic cylinder 36 is operated to move the replacement arm 21 back to the retracted position, the ball tool T ₂ is inserted into the tool storage port 14 of the tool magazine device 15. ix)) And by operating the hydraulic cylinder 39 to lower the main body casing 32 to the intermediate position, the upper shaft tool gripping portion of the exchange arm 21 is separated from the ball tool (T ₂ ) by a breaker to the ball tool (T ₂₎ Is attached to the tool magazine device 15 to complete a series of tool change operations (fig. 5 (x)). The exchange arm 21 waits in the state which dropped to this intermediate position.

In addition, their sequence of operations is controlled using common sequence control techniques.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the end face of the tool storage port 14 of the tool magazine device 15 is located behind the end face of the spindle 12, and the exchange arm 21, along with the front and rear ends, Since the tool can be stopped at the position, the tool change operation between the exchange arm 21 and the tool receiving port 14 of the tool magazine device 15 and the tool change operation between the spindle 12 are performed. As in the prior art, the exchange arm 21 can be efficiently and efficiently moved back and forth a few times without a reciprocating movement.

In addition, since the exchange arm 21 can also take an intermediate position together with the dead position and the lower limit position, the operation of turning the exchange arm 21 180 degrees while holding the tool at both ends in the intermediate position can be performed smoothly. There is a number.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the tool change operation of the change arm can be simplified and the change operation time can be shortened.

In addition, since the tool magazine device 15 is disposed at the upper position of the column pulled from the front end face of the column 11 to the rear side, the weight of the tool magazine device 15 is applied to the center of the column 11 so that the column 11 The straightness of c) is not adversely affected.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the tool is exchanged between the tool magazine device disposed on the column and the spindle disposed on the front end of the column by using the change arm, the tool change operation of the change arm is simplified and replaced. The time can be shortened.

It is also possible to arrange the tool magazine device at a relatively rearward position on the column top surface, without adversely affecting the straightness of the column.

Claims (1)

A machine tool for automatically exchanging a tool between a spindle disposed so as to be shanghai along a column of a machine tool and a tool magazine device disposed at the top of the column, wherein the spindle and the magazine device can be linearized. An exchange arm having a tool holding part at both ends, and an exchange arm retraction moving device for moving the exchange arm back and forth to three positions at the front end, the middle position, and the rear end position in parallel with the spindle axis; An exchange arm vertical movement device for moving the arm to three positions of the upper limit, the intermediate position, and the lower limit in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle, wherein the tool magazine has a cross section of the tool storage port than the cross section of the spindle. Tool exchanger of the machine tool, characterized in that disposed in the rear.

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