KR870003211Y1 - Oil pressure shock absorber for railroad car - Google Patents

Oil pressure shock absorber for railroad car Download PDF

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Publication number
KR870003211Y1
KR870003211Y1 KR2019850009135U KR850009135U KR870003211Y1 KR 870003211 Y1 KR870003211 Y1 KR 870003211Y1 KR 2019850009135 U KR2019850009135 U KR 2019850009135U KR 850009135 U KR850009135 U KR 850009135U KR 870003211 Y1 KR870003211 Y1 KR 870003211Y1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
piston
hole
washer
rod
cap
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KR2019850009135U
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Korean (ko)
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KR870002139U (en
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한석흥
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대우중공업 주식회사
이경훈
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Priority to KR2019850009135U priority Critical patent/KR870003211Y1/en
Publication of KR870002139U publication Critical patent/KR870002139U/en
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Publication of KR870003211Y1 publication Critical patent/KR870003211Y1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/307Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating fluid springs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

내용 없음.No content.

Description

철도 차량용 유압 완충기Hydraulic Shock Absorbers for Railway Cars

제1도는 본 고안의 정단면도.1 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.

제2도는 본 고안의 피스턴부 발췌 단면도.2 is a cross-sectional view of the piston portion of the present invention.

제3도는 제2도의 작동 상태도.3 is an operating state of FIG.

제4도는 본 고안의 밸브 사시도.4 is a perspective view of the valve of the present invention.

제5도는 본 고안의 피스턴 캡 사시도.5 is a perspective view of the piston cap of the present invention.

제6도는 본 고안의 실린더 하부 발췌 단면도.6 is a cross-sectional view of the lower cylinder cylinder of the present invention.

제7도는 제6도의 작동 상태도.7 is an operating state diagram of FIG.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호 설명* Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

2 : 로드 3 : 피스턴2: load 3: piston

6 : 내측실린더 12 : T형 유통로6: inner cylinder 12: T-type flow path

13 : 유량조절구 14 : 오일홈13 flow rate control 14 oil groove

15 : 걸림턱 16, 29, 30 : 스프링15: engaging jaw 16, 29, 30: spring

17 : 피스턴 캡 20 : 베이스17: piston cap 20: base

2l : 요홈 22 : 유통공2l: groove 22: distributor

23 : 차폐판 24 : 통공23: shielding plate 24: through hole

25 : 작동봉 26 : 와셔25: working rod 26: washer

27 : 받침판 28 : 걸림펀27: support plate 28: jam fun

본 고안은 열차나 전동차의 차체 프레임 액슬에 설치되어 철로상을 주행할 때 발생하는 상하 요동에 따른 충격을 흡수하여 승객의 승차감을 향상시키기 위한 철도 차량용 유압완충기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a hydraulic shock absorber for railroad cars to improve the passenger comfort by absorbing the shock caused by the up and down fluctuations generated when traveling on railroad tracks installed on the body frame axle of a train or an electric vehicle.

종래에도 여러가지 타입의 유압식 완충기가 안출된 바 있는데, 이들의 대부분은 피스톤이 신장 및 압축행정시 감쇠력을 조절하는 물체는 피스톤 상부에 안착된 박판, 즉 디스크로서 이는 피스톤이 상·하 왕복운동시 외주연부 및 내주연부가 구부러지므로서 본연의 임무를 수행하도록 하고 있다.In the past, various types of hydraulic shock absorbers have been created. Most of them are the plates that control the damping force when the piston expands and compresses. The edges and inner circumferences are bent so that they perform their duties.

그런데, 상기 디스크가 피스톤의 운동에 따라 끊임없이 반복 굽힘 작용을 하다보면 굽힘부에 피로가 누적되면서 쉽게 절손되므로서 고유의 기능을 잃게되고 디스크의 잦은 파손으로 완충기 자체의 수명이 극히 짧을 뿐만 아니라 감쇠력 조정시에는 디스크를 필요한 수만큼 가감해 주어야 하므로서 그 주변 구조를 연관시켜 보면 그 작업이 매우 불편하고 복잡한 등의 결점이 있었다.However, when the disk is repeatedly repeatedly bent in accordance with the movement of the piston, fatigue accumulates easily in the bent portion, and thus loses its original function. The city had to add or subtract as many disks as needed, so the associated structure was very inconvenient and complicated.

또한, 유압식 완충기를 사용시 보다 근본적인 문제는 내부의 오일이 외부로 누출되어 얼마가지 못해서 기능이 크게 저하된다는 점이다.In addition, a more fundamental problem when using a hydraulic shock absorber is that the oil inside leaks to the outside, which causes a significant decrease in function.

따라서 본 고안은 종래의 유압완충기의 구조 및 기능상의 결점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 이는 상부에 유통공 개폐용 와셔를 탄설한 피스턴을 로드의 하단부에 고정 설치한 통상의 피스턴 어셈블리에 있어서 피스턴로드 하단부의 중심부를 관통하는 T형 유통로를 형성하고 유통로 내에 유량조절구를 탄설한뒤 그 하부 즉 피스턴 하단부 내에 피스턴 캡을 체결 설치하여 피스턴의 상하운동에 따라 유량조절구와 와셔가 교번적으로 동작하여 댐퍼 역할을 하도록 하였으며, 내측 실린더와 외측 실린더 사이의 유액실과는 유통로로서 상호 연결된 실린더 하부에는 적정 감쇄력을 얻을 수 있는 밸브를 탄동 설치한 베이스를 압입하여 보조역할을 하도록 한 것으로서 이를 첨부된 도면에 의해 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Therefore, the present invention was devised to solve the deficiencies in the structure and function of the conventional hydraulic shock absorber, which is a piston rod in a conventional piston assembly in which a piston mounted with a washer for opening and closing a distribution hole is fixed to the lower end of the rod. Form a T-type flow path through the center of the lower part, install the flow control port in the flow path, and install the piston cap in the lower part, that is, the lower part of the piston, so that the flow control port and the washer alternately move according to the vertical movement of the piston. It acts as a damper, and the fluid chamber between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder serves as an auxiliary passage by injecting a base with a ball installed with a valve which can obtain a proper damping force in the lower cylinder connected to each other as a flow passage. If described in detail as follows.

즉, 도면 제1도에서와 같이 내·외측 실린더(6)(7) 사이에 공간부(8)를 형성하고 이들을 밀폐시키는 상·하측 밀폐구(10)(11)에는 공간부(8)와 내측 실린더(6)를 관통하는 유통공(10')(11')을 형성하였으며 이들을 외통(9)으로 감싸주고 내측 실린더(6) 내에는 아이(1)에 용착된 일정 길이의 로드(2)가 설치되어 그하단부에 너트(5)로서 피스턴(3)을 고정설치하여 2개의 격실(A)(B)를 형성하고 피스턴(3)의 유통로(3')상에는 이를 개폐시키는 와셔(4)를 탄설한 통상의 것에 있어서, 도면 제2,3도에서와 같이 로드(2)의 하단부위에 중심을 관통하는 T형 유통로(12)를 형성하고 유통로(12)의 하단부 내에는 도면 제4도에서와 같이 유통로(12)의 내경과 거의 같은 외경을 가지고, 몸체 양측에 각각 하방으로 내려갈수록 얕은 깊이를 가지는(즉 단면적이 감소하는) 일정길이의 오일홈(14)을 형성하고 중앙 하부에는 로드(2)의 저면에 걸리는 걸럼턱(15)을 확실한 유량 조절구(13)를 삽입한 뒤, 피스턴(3) 하단부 내에는 수개의 통공(18)과 외주면에 나사부(19)를 형성한 피스턴 캡(17)을 체결하면서 유량 조절구(13)의 걸림턱(15)과 캡(17) 사이에 스프링(16)을 탄동 설치하므로서, 유량조절구(13)는 피스턴(3)이 상승시 미치는 유압과 스프링(16)의 장력에 따라서 유통로(12)에서 일정 길이 만큼 하강하면서 오일홈(14)의 개방 단면적을 변경시켜 유체의 통과 속도 즉 피스턴(3)의 상승속도를 일정하게 유지시키는 감쇠작용을 하도록 하였다.That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper and lower airtight openings 10 and 11 which form the spaces 8 between the inner and outer cylinders 6 and 7 and seal them are provided with the spaces 8 and Flow holes 10 'and 11' penetrating the inner cylinder 6 are formed and wrapped with the outer cylinder 9, and the rod 2 having a predetermined length welded to the eye 1 in the inner cylinder 6; Is installed to fix the piston 3 as a nut 5 at its lower end to form two compartments A and B and to open and close the piston 3 on the flow path 3 'of the piston 3. In the usual case in which the T-shaped flow passage 12 penetrates the center at the lower end portion of the rod 2, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the lower end portion of the flow passage 12 is shown in FIG. Oil groove 14 of constant length having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the channel 12 as shown in FIG. ), And the flow rate adjustment hole 13 is inserted into the latching jaw 15 that is caught on the bottom of the rod 2 in the lower part of the center, and then, in the lower part of the piston 3, several through holes 18 and the threaded portion are formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof. The spring 16 is elastically installed between the locking jaw 15 and the cap 17 of the flow regulating opening 13 while fastening the piston cap 17 formed with the 19 so that the flow regulating opening 13 is a piston. In accordance with the hydraulic pressure applied by (3) and the tension of the spring 16, the flow path 12 is lowered by a certain length while changing the open cross-sectional area of the oil groove 14 to increase the passage speed of the fluid, that is, the rise of the piston 3 The damping effect was to keep the speed constant.

또한 실린더(6) 하부에는 도면 제6,7도에서와 같이 저면에 일정한 직경과 깊이를 가진 요홈(21)을 형성하고 그에 연해서 보다 작은 직경의 유통공(22)을 표면까지 관통 형성한 베이스(20)를 압입 밀폐 고정시키면서, 상기 유통공(22) 상에는 하단부에 일정 길이의 작동봉(25)을 돌출 형성하고, 유통공(22) 보다 큰직경을 가지며 수개의 통공(24)을 천공한 차폐판(23)을 설치한 다음, 차폐판(23) 저면부에는 통공(24) 개폐용 와셔(26)를 설치하였으며, 작동봉(25)의 하단부에 수개의 걸림편(28)을 상향 돌출시킨 받침판(27)을 고정 부착하면서 받침판(27)과 와셔(26), 받침판(27)과 요홈(21)의 바닥면 사이에 각각 스프링(29)(30)을 탄동 설치하여 유체의 흐름에 따라 차폐판(23)이 상승하거나 와셔(26)가 하강하여 유통공(22)이나 통공(24)이 상대적으로 개방되도록 한 것이다.In addition, a base having a recess 21 having a constant diameter and depth at a bottom thereof is formed in the lower portion of the cylinder 6 and connected to the surface thereof so as to penetrate a smaller diameter flow hole 22 to the surface as shown in FIGS. 20, while press-fitting and fixing the shielding hole, the working rod 25 having a predetermined length protrudes from the lower end on the distribution hole 22, and has a larger diameter than the distribution hole 22 and shields several holes 24 through the hole. After the plate 23 is installed, a hole 24 for opening and closing the washer 26 is installed at the bottom of the shielding plate 23, and several locking pieces 28 are protruded upward from the lower end of the operating rod 25. While fixedly attaching the support plate 27, springs 29 and 30 are installed between the support plate 27 and the washer 26, the bottom plate of the support plate 27 and the recess 21, respectively, and shielded according to the flow of the fluid. The plate 23 is raised or the washer 26 is lowered so that the distribution hole 22 or the through hole 24 is relatively opened.

그리고 상기 A, B실 및 공간부(8) 내에는 유체가(통상적으로 오일) 충진되어 있는 상태이다. 이상과 같이 구성된 본 고안의 작동 상태를 보면 다음과 같다.The A, B chamber and the space 8 are filled with fluid (usually oil). Looking at the operating state of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

첫째로, 피스턴(3)이 외력에 의해 신장행정, 즉 상승시에는 도면 제2도에서와 같이 압축되는 A실의 유체 압력에 의해 T형 유통로(12) 내에 삽입되어 있던 유량 조절구(13)가 이를 지지하고 있던 스프링(16)을 압축하면서 차량의 요구 감쇠력에 이르는 일정 길이만큼 하방으로 빠지면서 개방된 양측 오일홈(14)을 통해 A실의 유체가 캡(17)의 통공(18)으로 빠져나와 B실로 이동하여 일정 감쇠력을 얻는데, 피스턴(3)에 가해지는외력과 스프링(16)의 장력에 비례하여 유량조절구(13)의 하강길이 즉 오일홈(14)의 개방단면적이 변화되므로 피스턴(3)의 상승 속도를 어떠한 외력에도 균일하게 유지할 수 있으며, 감쇠력을 조정하고자 할 때에는 캡(17)을 풀거나 조이는 동작으로 스프링(16)의 장력을 변화시켜 사용자가 원하는 만큼의 감쇠력의 변화를 줄수 있도록 하였다.First, the flow control port 13 inserted into the T-type flow passage 12 by the fluid pressure of the chamber A, which is compressed in the elongation stroke, ie, as shown in FIG. The fluid of chamber A is drawn into the through hole 18 of the cap 17 through the open oil grooves 14 on both sides while compressing the spring 16 that has supported it, and falling downward by a predetermined length to reach the required damping force of the vehicle. Moving to the chamber B and obtaining a constant damping force, the piston is in proportion to the external force applied to the piston 3 and the descending length of the flow control port 13, that is, the open cross-sectional area of the oil groove 14 changes in proportion to the tension of the spring 16 The rising speed of (3) can be maintained uniformly to any external force, and when adjusting the damping force, the tension of the spring 16 is changed by loosening or tightening the cap 17 to change the damping force as much as the user desires. To give.

또한, 도면 제7도에서와 같이 공간부(8) 내에 충진되어 있던 유체는 A실의 내부 압력증가에 따라 상측유통공(10')을 통해 압력을 받아 하측 유통공(11')을 통해 베이스(20) 하방으로 밀려들어와 유통공(22)을 막고있던 차폐판(23)과 와셔(26)를 동시에 상승시키면서 B실로 유입되어 적정한 감쇠력을 얻는데 보조역할을 한다.In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the fluid filled in the space 8 receives the pressure through the upper distribution hole 10 ′ as the internal pressure of the chamber A increases, and the base passes through the lower distribution hole 11 ′. (20) While being pushed downward and simultaneously raising the shielding plate 23 and washer 26, which were blocking the flow hole 22, it enters the chamber B and plays an auxiliary role in obtaining proper damping force.

이때 받침판(27)의 걸림편(28)이 요홈(21)의 바닥면과 접촉하여 차폐판(23)의 이탈을 방지해 준다.At this time, the engaging piece 28 of the support plate 27 is in contact with the bottom surface of the groove 21 to prevent the separation of the shield plate 23.

두번째로, 피스턴(3)이 하강하는 압축행정시에는 증가하는 내부 압력에 의하여 유량 조절구(13)가 상승T형 유통로(12)가 밀폐되는 반면 B실의 유체가 캡(17)의 통공(18)으로 밀려들면서 와셔(4)를 상승시켜 유통로(3')를 개방 A실로 유입되며(도면 제3도 참조), B실의 유체의 일부는 와셔(26)를 하방으로 밀어개방된 통공(24)을 통해 공간부(8)로 유출되는 감쇠 작용을 하도록 구성한 것이다(도면 제6도 참조).Secondly, in the compression stroke in which the piston 3 descends, the flow control port 13 closes the upward T-type flow passage 12 by the increased internal pressure, while the fluid in the chamber B allows the air through the cap 17 to flow. While pushing into the washer (18), the washer (4) is raised to flow the channel (3 ') into the open chamber A (see Fig. 3), and part of the fluid in the chamber B pushes the washer 26 downward to open. The damping action flows out into the space 8 through the through hole 24 is configured (see FIG. 6).

이상과 같이 구성되고 작동되는 본 고안은 외부에서 가해지는 충격에 대하여 유량조절구(13) 극 오일홈(14)의 개방면적을 알맞게 변형시켜 통과 유량을 알맞게 조절하는 댐퍼역할을 하도록 하므로서 그 동작이 확실하고 정확하여 제품의 품질향상을 기하고 작동부품이 견고하고 내구성이 증가하여 반영구적으로 사용가능하며, 캡(17)의 체결상태에 따라 유량조절구(13)를 지지하고 있는 스프링(16)의 장력조절이 가능하여 필요에 따라 사용자가 원하는 만큼의 감쇠력 변화를 얻을 수 있도록 하므로서 조절작업이 매우 간편하고 용이할 뿐만 아니라, 하부에 차폐판(23)을 가진 보조 댐퍼 장치를 설치하여 제품의 댐퍼 효과를 증진시킬수 있는 등의 특출한 효과가 있는 것이다.The present invention is constructed and operated as described above, by appropriately modifying the open area of the flow regulating opening 13 pole oil groove 14 against the impact applied from the outside so as to act as a damper to properly adjust the flow rate of the flow. It is sure and accurate to improve the quality of the product, and it is possible to use semi-permanently because the working parts are firm and the durability is increased, and according to the fastening state of the cap 17, It is possible to adjust the tension, so that the user can obtain the change of damping force as desired, and the adjustment work is very simple and easy, and the damper effect of the product is installed by installing the auxiliary damper device having the shield plate 23 at the bottom. There is an exceptional effect such as to promote.

Claims (1)

상·하부가 밀폐된 내측 실린더(6) 내에 일정길이의 로드(2)를 설치하고 그 하단부에는 유통공(3')개폐용 와셔(4)를 탄설한 피스턴(3)을 고정 설치하여 2개의 격실(A, B)을 형성한 통상의 것에 있어서 로드(2)의 하단부에 중심을 관통하는 T형 유통로(12)를 형성하고 하향 축소 가변 단면적을 가지는 일정 길이의 오일홈(14)을 형성하고 걸럼턱(15)을 가진 적정 직경과 길이의 유량 조절구(13)를 상기 T형 유통로(12) 하부에 삽입해 넣은뒤, 피스턴(3)의 하단부내에 피스턴 캡(17)을 체결하면서 걸림턱(15)과 캡(17)사이에 스프링(16)을 탄설한 후, 저면부에 요홈(21)과 연해서 유통공(22)을 형성한 베이스(20)를 내측 실린더(6) 하부에 압입 밀폐시키고, 수개의 통공(24)과 각동봉(25)을 형성한 차폐판(23)을 유통공(22)상에 설치하고 하부에 통공(24) 개폐용 와셔(26)과 걸림편(28)을 가진 받침판(27)을 고정 부착하면서 이들을 각각 스프링(29)(30)으로 탄설하여서 된 철도차량용 유압 완충기.A rod 2 having a predetermined length is installed in the inner cylinder 6, the upper and lower parts of which are sealed, and at the lower end thereof, a piston 3 which is installed with a washer 4 for opening and closing a distribution hole 3 'is fixed and installed. In the conventional case in which the compartments A and B are formed, a T-shaped flow path 12 penetrating the center is formed at the lower end of the rod 2 and an oil groove 14 having a predetermined length having a variable cross-sectional area of downward reduction is formed. And inserting the flow rate adjusting hole 13 having the proper diameter and length with the sill jaw 15 into the lower portion of the T-shaped flow passage 12, and then tightening the piston cap 17 in the lower end of the piston 3. After the spring 16 is installed between the locking jaw 15 and the cap 17, the base 20, which is connected to the recess 21 in the bottom portion and forms a distribution hole 22, is placed in the lower portion of the inner cylinder 6. A shield plate 23 having a press-fitted seal and formed with several through holes 24 and an angled copper rod 25 is installed on the distribution hole 22, and the washer 26 for opening and closing the through hole 24 and the engaging piece (below). 28) A hydraulic shock absorber for railroad cars, which is fixed by attaching a true support plate 27 and coalescing them with springs 29 and 30, respectively.
KR2019850009135U 1985-07-19 1985-07-19 Oil pressure shock absorber for railroad car KR870003211Y1 (en)

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KR870003211Y1 true KR870003211Y1 (en) 1987-09-26

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