KR840002355B1 - Glass fiherization spinner - Google Patents

Abstract

The glass fiberization spinner is composed of a centrifugal spinner, which has orifices to eject the glass melt; a glass distributor, which is installed in the centrifugal spinner; and a ventilator that generates a circular gas flow. The glass distributor consists of glass suppliers (28) that supply glass to the orifice, centrifugal spinners (25), circular relay devices (31) that are installed among the glass suppliers in a radial shape, a glass distribution orifice (29), and a heating device.

Description

Fibrous Device of Molten Glass by Centrifugal Spinner

1 is a partial breakdown of a fiberizing apparatus having a spinner constituted by a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and having a blow generator for blowing an extending annular blower which is ejected downwardly adjacent to the peripheral wall of the spinner. Vertical section.

FIG. 1A is an enlarged elevation view of a dispensing orifice of another embodiment, which may also be disposed in the fiberizing apparatus of FIG.

2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are partial vertical cross-sectional views as in FIG. 1, illustrating different embodiments of the spinner and the glass supply mechanism in the spinner, respectively.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a glass feeder (relay device) of another shape in the spinner as shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional sectional view illustrating the relay device of the glass supply apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 and 3.

9 is a broken perspective view of the spinner reinforcement structure of FIGS. 4 and 5;

10 and 11 are broken sectional views of different forms of the spinner peripheral wall, respectively.

(Fig. 10: Spinner support shaft (axis) 11 ... hub, 12 ... spinner, 13 ... peripheral wall, 14 ... neck, 15 ... flange (member), 16 ... annular member (reinforcement material), 17, 17b ... distribution basket) (Supply basket), 17a ... rock, 18, 18a ... (distribution) orifice, 19… glass, S… glass, 20… thread, 21… blowout orifice, 23… heater, 24… herb, 25 Spinner, 26… peripheral wall, 27… flange, 28… dispensing basket, 29… perforation, 30… glass, 31… funnel, 31a… appearance, 32… glass, 33… relaying (relay device), 34 overflow, 33a bracket support, 35 relay device, 36 spinner, 37 funnel (relay funnel), 38 structural member, 38a socket, 38b bottom plate, 39 bracket, 40 ... discharge port, 41 hole, 42 spinner, 43 distribution bag 44, glass, 45 relay device, 46 insulating material.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for fiberizing molten glass by centrifugal spinners.

In particular, the present invention provides a hollow centrifugal spinner having a peripheral wall having a plurality of rows of orifices for injecting molten glass by centrifugal force, a glass dispensing apparatus installed inside the centrifugal spinner, and an annular gas flow for drawing the centrifugal spinner. In the fiberizing apparatus of the glass provided with the blower to generate downward, the hollow centrifugal spinner has a thicker columnar wall in the direction toward the upper end, a plurality of rows of orifices are provided between the upper and the lower end, The centrifugal spinner has an annular reinforcing member coupled to the lower end of the peripheral wall, and the member is radially installed inward with respect to the lower end of the peripheral wall such that the axial cross section thickness of the centrifugal spinner is thicker than the thickness of the peripheral wall. The dispensing device is mounted inside the spinner and has a periphery of the basket and the centrifugal spinner. The annular series device provided radially between the walls has a glass dispensing orifice in the plane of light or in the immediate vicinity, and the dispensing device is provided with a heating device such that the dispensing device sufficiently heats the lower end of the peripheral wall of the centrifugal spinner. It relates to a fiberizing apparatus for a molten glass using a centrifugal spinner.

Devices commonly used in this known type include so-called "soft" glasses, i.e. temperatures / viscosities such that the material of the spinner passes freely through the orifice in the spinner wall within a temperature limit that can be tolerated without excessive erosion and deformation. It is common to use glass compositions in which the blending component is chosen to have properties. The glass composition used to achieve the above-mentioned object usually lowers the melting temperature or liquidus temperature and viscosity, but tends to devitrify. Therefore, at an excessively high temperature, the glass composition does not use molten glass. It is common to use a kind or two or more types of, boron and fluorine compounds.

However, in the case of using a composition containing a considerable amount of boron or even fluorine or varicone, particularly in the case of boron and florin, undesirable volatile components are generated and released to the outside through the molten glass manufacturing apparatus. Although the possibilities can be avoided, some kind of care needs to be taken for these components, as each of these components requires special treatment of the exhaust gas for proper disposal.

Baritone, boron and fluorine compounds are typically present in glass used in amounts of about 3%, 6% and 1.5%, respectively, while commonly used boron and fluorine compounds are volatile at the melting temperature used for glass production and are fluorine Since silver is volatilized even at the temperature used during the fiberization process, in order to add these components to the above content in the glass, a larger initial insertion amount is required in glass manufacturing to compensate for the loss due to volatilization at the glass melting temperature.

Another drawback when using these compounds in significant amounts is the increased cost of the fibers produced. This drawback is particularly pointed out when using expensive varieties of compounds. The relatively soft glass also results in glass fibers that do not have desirable high temperature resistance.

A number of factors that have conventionally been encountered in this type of fiberization technique have tended to limit the production capacity of a given device.

In view of the drawbacks of the prior art described above, a general object of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art.

For this reason, the present invention aims to increase the productivity of predetermined equipment in a conventional apparatus using a centrifugal spinner for sending glass in the annular blower for stretching around the spinner, and at the same time to remove any kind of environmental pollutant, thereby making the glass composition cheaper. It is intended to provide a textile product which enables the use of and has improved temperature resistance characteristics.

In the case of the fiber made of the prior art composition through a perforated spinner, the glass fiber product can be used only for applications exposed to a temperature not substantially exceeding about 400 ° C., but the glass fiber prepared from the composition according to the present invention Can raise the corresponding temperature to about 480 ° C.

The various general objects described above are as individual or various combinations, including the operating conditions, methods and apparatus used to supply and distribute the glass to the spinner, the structure of the spinner itself and the composition of the glass and the alloy composition constituting the spinner. It is achieved by a number of significant improvements described. Various of these features are correlated as described below.

The techniques described herein are also described in some other, concurrently filed US patent applications, all of which are based on claims of priority in French Patent Application No. 7,834,616, filed December 8, 1978.

The glass composition (the example is described below) used as the apparatus of the method of this invention and a spinner structure is first described. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass composition does not contain florin and is formulated to be in small amounts, even if it contains varicose and boron. Such glass compositions are "hard glass" and have a high melting point and high throwing temperature. Glass compositions of any nature, either fluorine- or boron-free and variety-free, are readily fiberized by the methods and apparatus described herein, even if the fiberization is not practical by the prior art spinner technique. Moreover, these hard glasses give rise to desirable "hard" glass fibers in terms of increased temperature performance.

It has a high devitrification temperature and also achieves an appropriate fiberization viscosity only at high temperatures. Such hard glass compositions require special handling and special fiberizing devices, and the techniques described herein provide for glass delivery and distribution in the spinner in the spinner structure. It is to be noted that in the method and apparatus, a number of significant improvements are also achieved in the operating conditions established in the spinners and to facilitate the fabrication of fibers from their hard glass, and that fiberization is not feasible using known spinner structures and techniques. Even if you are in trouble. Provided are methods of fiberizing certain types of very hard glass compositions.

These structural and operational improvements are particularly desirable and important for the fiberization of hard glass, but are also desirable when using other types of glass that are fiberized by the "centrifugal" technique contemplated herein.

These structural and operational improvements are best described after taking into consideration the devices preferably used in the techniques described herein, and therefore, will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a partial cross-section with a blower generator for disposing a spinner constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and for discharging an annular flow of the stretching gas discharged downwardly adjacent to the peripheral wall of the gripping pin; It is a cross section.

First, referring to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the vertical spinner supporting shaft is shown at 10, which has a hub at the bottom for attaching the spinner, and the hub is shown at 11 in the figure. do. The spinner itself is shown as 12, which consists of a peripheral wall 13 with several rows of spinner orifices, the upper end of the wall 13 being connected to the hub 11 by means of a central attachment, or neck 14. It can be seen that the orifices in the spinner wall appear only in the cross-sectional portion of the spinner wall, but are equipped with orifices in which a plurality of orifices make up a plurality of vertically spaced rows. The spinner has a flange 15 protruding inwardly at its lower end, and a cylindrical member, i.e., the upper end of the cylindrical element 16, is connected to the flange 15, and the cylindrical element 16 has a reinforcing function or as described below. Indicates supportive function.

The dispensing basket 17 attached to or in rotation with the spinner has dispensing orifices 18 arranged substantially in line with the face of the top insulation orifice of the spinner peripheral wall. As shown in the figure, the distribution basket 17 is attached on the hub 11 by the bracket 17a. The glass is sent downward through the spinner attachment structure to the center and sent to the inside of the bottom wall of the basket 17 as indicated by S, extending laterally on the bottom wall of the basket to the perforated peripheral wall of the basket. Reaching and forming a layer inside the basket wall and from this perforated circumferential wall the glass is ejected radially outward through the orifice towards the inner surface of the spinner circumferential wall proximate to the top of the orifice as indicated by 19, From the uppermost section of the orifice, the glass flows downward of the spinner inner wall. This downflow is not disturbed because it does not have an inner enclosing wall, i.e., a real structure inside the spinner peripheral wall, and flows down, and this flow is observed by stroboscopic light. It has an air-flow characteristic and shows a smooth wavy appearance during this laminar flow. The glass enters an unrestricted laminar flow into the orifice in the spinner circumferential wall, and the glass flows out of the laminar flow through the entire spinner orifice, ie as a primary flow outward and the primary flow is Stretching is performed by annular blowing (gas blowing) established by the apparatus described in.

FIG. 1a shows a separate dispensing basket 17b with two rows of orifices arranged in a zigzag fashion with one another and accessing a common surface for discharging glass in the top of the orifice zone of the spinner wall.

Most dispensing baskets used in the prior art with regard to the arrangement of dispensing baskets (17 in FIG. 1 and 17b in FIG. 1a) distribute the glass to the spinner perforated peripheral wall throughout the main length of the vertical length of the perforated spinner wall. To this end, it is provided with a series of orifices arranged vertically apart from each other. However, the inventors have found that in the arrangement of a large number of orifices required for the vertical distribution of the glass according to a common technique of the prior art, in particular with respect to the diameter and the vertical height of the holes of the periphery of the perforated wall, especially in the case of relatively large spinners, We found that we face disadvantages and difficulties.

Among the disadvantages and difficulties mentioned above, the most important problem relates to the heat loss from glass discharged from the distribution basket to the inside of the spinner peripheral wall. This heat loss is directly proportional to the total surface area of the glass discharged. If a large number of flows, such as the arrangement according to the prior art, the total surface area is such that the distribution basket as described herein has only one row of orifices of a dimension larger than that of the prior art, whereby the total surface area It is much larger than the arrangement for discharging the same amount of glass while making it much smaller. In fact, in a representative case, the arrangement described herein discharges a certain amount of glass, which is only about 1/7 of the surface of the prior art.

Thus, the improved arrangement according to the present invention eliminates excessive heat loss from the glass that is discharged to the spinner circumferential wall in the original basket (this is a major drawback of the devices of the prior art). In addition, in the case of fine glasses used in the prior art, the uniformity between the glasses having different heat losses when ejecting them from the distribution basket to the peripheral wall of the spinner has a smaller number of coarse flows as in the arrangement of the present invention. Much less than if.

When using the soft glass used in the prior art can not be considered that the problem of heat loss as described above is prohibited, but when using a harder glass intended by the present invention such heat loss is unbearable.

The technique described herein is another important factor that is intended to increase the diameter of the spinner. As in the prior art, when glass with a small diameter is discharged from the distribution basket, increasing the spinner diameter tends to cause irregular flutter of the glass, thereby deteriorating the uniformity of the operating conditions. affect. Using a smaller number of thicker glasses can solve this irregular pulse. Another means for reducing such an irregular pulse tendency is described below by the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

Furthermore, in the case of many thin glass discharged inside the spinner periphery circumferential wall through most of the perforation of the basket wall, some of these glasses are substantially individual perforations of the distribution basket wall and the periphery of the spinner periphery listed. However, other glasses reach a portion of the non-perforated area of the sky space of the spinner peripheral wall. This adversely affects the uniformity of the fibers produced by introducing non-uniform dynamic conditions.

In view of the foregoing, instead of using a plurality of feed streams distributed in the vertical direction on the spinner peripheral wall, an improved arrangement provides an unrestricted, non-limiting downward flow of application glass on the inner surface of the perforated peripheral wall. Dynamic conditions for ejecting glass from each perforation of the circumferential wall, because the supply of glass is done at the top of the layer and the layer flows downward forming a laminar flow over the entire perforation of the spinner wall. Becomes substantially the same, whereby the source of non-uniformity of the fiber produced is removed.

The development, or establishment, of the non-constraining force flowing downwards is done by means of the dispensing basket described above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 1a, ie in the plane of the height of the top row of the perforations of the spinner wall or approaching its height, or This is done by the use of a basket or dispensing device that supplies the entire glass for fiberization to the spinner wall through a row of orifices mounted in proximity to the plane. This row of orifices is preferably comprised of about 75 to 200 in total, and this number is from about 1/10 to about 1/3 of the number normally used in multirow distribution baskets. The uniform feeding of the glass as desired through the perforation of the spinner wall maintains the temperature conditions of obtaining substantially uniform viscosity of the glass, particularly in the upper and lower regions of the spinner wall, by the other preferred operating conditions described below. Increase by.

The structure shown in FIG. 1 for drawing glass yarns comprises an annular chamber 20 having an annular discharge orifice 21, which annular chamber 20 is suitable for burning fuel and thereby producing the desired thermally stretched gas. Stretched gas is supplied from one or more combustion chambers as shown with 22 with an apparatus. This gives a descending annulus of the same shape as the clathrate surrounding the spinner. Details of the structure of the spinner attachment device and the structure of the blower generator are well known in the art and need not be described here.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the device also includes a device for heating the bottom of the spinner. This takes many forms and is preferably an annular high frequency heating device as shown by 23. The ring of this heater is preferably larger than the diameter of the spinner and is spaced slightly below the bottom of the spinner.

The following describes the operation of the embodiment described in FIG.

While the various components described herein can be used with spinners of any dimension, preferred embodiments of the improved technique of the present invention employ spinners of larger diameter than those conventionally used in the prior art. For example, in the past, a spinner having a diameter of 300 mm is typically used, but a spinner having a diameter of about 400 mm is used here. This makes it possible to considerably increase the number of glass discharge orifices of the spinner peripheral wall, and this increase in the orifice number is advantageous for increasing the number of glass injections from the spinner during the drawing blow around it. Since this type of spinner rotates on a relatively high speed, significant centrifugal forces act on the spinner wall. In addition, since the spinner is operated at a high temperature, the central region of the peripheral wall tends to always curve outward. This tendency can be eliminated by using reinforcement means or support devices, and how many reinforcement or support devices are described in various embodiments in the drawings. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 the reinforcement device has the form of an annular member attached by an inward flange 15 to the bottom of the peripheral wall. The reinforcing action of the annular reinforcing member 16 is that the central zone of the peripheral wall 13 tends to curve outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the tendency of the flange 15 to be bent upwards and inwards around the connecting line between the lower end of the peripheral wall 13 and the flange 15. It will make sense if you think there is. If the annular member 16 does not exist (as in the case of prior art spinners), the specification of flange 15 by generating some "wave motion" or projection motion at the relatively thin inner end of flange 15 Only a small amount of upward and inward bending is imparted, but when the annular member 16 is coupled to the inner end of the flange, such sofa movement at the inner end of the flange is suppressed, which causes the spinner wall structure. Reinforcement, i.e. support, angled engagement of the annular member 16 with the flange 15 also aids in giving the desired reinforcement.

For the above purpose, the reinforcing member (annular member) 16 is thicker than the average wall thickness of the spinner peripheral wall 13. It is preferred to have a spinner axial dimension that is thicker than the maximum thickness of the spinner wall. Moreover, it is preferable that the annular member for giving the preferable effect of suppressing curvature outside the peripheral wall is attached at a position projecting downward from the inner end of the flange 15. As described herein, reinforcing the spinner inhibits the curvature of the spinner wall and extends the useful life of the spinner.

The form of another structure that achieves this reinforcing action is shown in the other figures described below.

A typical prior art operation using spinners using relatively soft glass prior to contemplating the preferred operation of an embodiment of the device as shown in FIG. 1 is a large number of gaps in which the glass is usually attached to the center region of the spinner. Is dispensed into a dispensing basket having a glass dispensing opiris that creates longitudinal rows arranged with the result that the glass is not first directed out of the entire dimension of at least most of the vertical direction of the spinner circumferential wall from this basket. Can not be done.

As a representative operation of such prior art, there is a temperature difference to some extent between the upper portion and the lower portion of the peripheral wall. That is, the upper part is more expensive than the lower part because of the main reason that the upper part of the peripheral wall is close to the source of the blowing air. Furthermore, in a representative case the peripheral wall is of equal thickness throughout its height, or in some cases thicker in the direction of the upper end than in the direction of the bottom end. In addition, in the representative prior art, the diameter of the orifice is slightly different between the upper row and the lower row of spinners. These various factors result in the injection of glass rather than the downward orifice to obtain a fiber called "umbrella" fibrosis as described, for example, in FIG. 3 of US Pat. No. 3,304,164 to Charpentier et al. It is established to eject at a higher rate from the direction of the orifice in the upward direction, where the fibers intersect and entangle each other, such as when glass is ejected to the same extent from both the orifice in the upper row and the orifice in the lower row. To prevent them.

The spinner bottom in any of these prior arts is subjected to some heating in addition to the heating resulting from the introduction of molten glass and the drawing blower surrounding it, but in a typical prior art short fiber method, the glass temperature is as between the top and bottom of the spinner. It is usually necessary to leave the car in place and manipulate it. The top of the spinner is at a higher temperature for factors as described above, and the bottom of the spinner is generally lower, even if some heat is applied, and because of this temperature difference, for example, the bottom at about 1050 ° C. towards the top. Due to the temperature difference of 950 ° C, the glass and the product viscosity are lower at the top than at the bottom, so that a higher flow rate, or draw rate, is obtained through the upper perforation, so that the glass is ejected more at the top at the bottom of the spinner. Thus, desirable umbrella fiberization is achieved.

In the prior art using soft glass, even if the temperature is significantly higher than the devitrification temperature (and the glass is used at a high temperature close to the orifice in the upper row), the temperature does not have a significant adverse effect on the metal of the spinner. One purpose was to rely on the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the spinner.

Contrary to the above, in the case of hard glass, there is a substantial temperature difference between the upper end and the lower end of the spinner, so that the spinner cannot be operated. The reason is that if the temperature at the lower end is set high enough to avoid crystallization of the glass and consequently the closing of the lower orifice, the temperature near the top of the spinner may be used to establish the temperature difference frequently used in the prior art to achieve umbrella fiberization. The glass temperature is raised to a higher temperature because the spinner erodes, corrodes and / or deforms at this temperature.

The improved technique, taking into account these factors, achieves the desired umbrella fiberization in a novel way when using hard glass compositions. The improved technique establishes approximately the same temperature at the top and bottom of the spinner instead of using the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the spinner and is set at a temperature above, but close to, the devitrification temperature (eg 1050 ° C.). The glass viscosity is therefore essentially the same at the orifices of the top and bottom rows of spinners. For example at about 5000 poises this improved technique preferably achieves increased resistance to the injection of glass from the bottom row orifices in a manner different from the prior art. Therefore, unlike the prior art, this improved technique is intended to use a peripheral wall that becomes thicker towards the lower end than toward the top as clearly shown in FIG. This results in an orifice that becomes longer in length towards the bottom end, which in the case of a given glass viscosity, becomes more resistant to injection of the glass as it goes to the bottom end orifice under the action of centrifugal force. In the glass injection, such a large resistance causes the glass to be injected in a larger amount at the upper end than the lower end of the spinner, thereby producing the desired umbrella fiberization (inclined fiberization). If desired, the resistance of the glass through the low heat orifices can be further increased by decreasing the diameter of the low heat orifices.

It is intended to perform a stronger heating at the lower end of the spinner than has been conventionally used to obtain the desired temperature at the lower end of the spinner. In this way, heater 23 of FIG. 1 should have at least two to three times the capacity previously used. A heater of 60 kw is suitable as 10,000 Hm.

In the preferred embodiment described herein, it is preferable to maintain the glass devitrification temperature beam using the glass temperature at both the top and bottom portions of the peripheral wall at about 10 ° C to about 20 ° C or more.

For general purposes, the thickness of the lower end of the spinner circumferential wall may be at least about 13/2 times the thickness of the upper end, and in some cases, the thickness of the lower end of the spinner circumferential wall may be 5/2 times the thickness of the upper end. desirable. In a representative embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the lower end of the spinner is about twice the thickness of the upper end. For example, a typical spinner such as the top end of the spinner is 3 mm thick and the bottom end 6 mm.

10 and 11 will be described below. With regard to the above points, attention should be paid to FIG. 10 described by enlarging the cross section of the spinner peripheral wall, which becomes thicker toward the bottom than toward the top. As described in FIG. 1, the thickness of the spinner circumferential wall from the top to the bottom may be substantially thickened at any time, but a modification as shown in FIG. 10 may be used. In this variant, the thickness of the circumferential wall is thickest towards the bottom end and the thinnest part is the middle section and the upper end is the middle thickness. This type of multiplication at the wall thickness can advantageously be used to more accurately establish the desired umbrella-like fibrosis. In this respect, it should be noted that the two main heat sources for heating the peripheral wall are the drawing blowers directed towards the top and the induction heater 23 towards the bottom. As a result, the middle section of the peripheral wall will be slightly lower in temperature than the top and bottom ends and the glass viscosity in the middle section will be relatively high. The change in wall thickness as shown in FIG. 10 is related to the viscosity of the glass and the desired amount of glass injection, that is, the maximum flow and injection amount at the top, the median flow and injection amount at the center, and the bottom. It helps to confirm the minimum flow and injection volume of the.

In FIGS. 1 and 10 the outer surface of the wall is slightly larger in diameter in the conical, ie from the direction toward the top to the bottom, but as shown in FIG. 11 this outer surface is shown in FIG. It may be in a conical state as shown.

The following describes the parameters additionally.

Before describing the other embodiments and related features described in FIGS. 2-9, it is desirable to describe additional parameters that include both ranges of structural and organizational features of the present invention.

While the various structural requirements of the present invention are used for spinners having a peripheral wall porosity (i.e., total pore area / total area ratio) of the size used in the prior art, some requirements intended in the present invention are the peripheral wall unit table. It is advantageously used for spinners having an increased number of holes per area. Such increase in the puncture rate can increase the glass extraction rate of the spinner, that is, the total amount of glass fiberized by the spinner.

In understanding the present invention, it should be kept in mind that the discharge speed of the glass passing through the perforation of the spinner wall is influenced by the viscosity of the glass to be discharged. Increasing the viscosity of the glass slows the flow of glass through each hole, but maintains the predetermined total glass withdrawal speed of the spinner even if the glass viscosity increases as the porosity increases. Thus, increasing the puncture rate makes it possible to use glass of higher viscosity than the viscosity conventionally used in spinners without reducing the overall glass withdrawal speed of the spinner.

Since the glass withdrawal speed also depends on the individual puncture diameters, the predetermined glass withdrawal rate per spinner can be maintained even if the individual puncture diameters are reduced when the puncture rate is sufficiently increased. While the technique described in the present invention is intended to increase the total output of a given spinner, i.e. the withdrawal speed, the present invention achieves an increase in the total output while reducing the passage speed of the glass through the individual perforations of the spinner walls. It is intended. This can be achieved by increasing the puncture rate as described above in part, and by any of the other factors described below, and as a result, corrosion and deterioration of the spinner can be achieved despite the increase in total yield. It is decreasing. Corrosion, of course, is concentrated on the individual perforations, but despite the increase in perforation rate (which is expected to weaken the spinners), the spinner's production capacity and lifespan do not decrease and are slightly increased or extended compared to the prior art. will be.

Furthermore, as the speed of the glass through the individual perforations decreases, the blowing blow speed ejected adjacent to the outer surface of the spinner circumferential wall is made to be as large as the speed of the glass through the individual perforations is higher. There is no need. This has a double advantage.

Firstly, since the length of the fibers produced by the spinners of the type considered herein, such as the matrix, is generally inversely proportional to the speed of the stretching gas, the above-mentioned reduction in the blowing blow speed may lead to the production of longer fibers. Make it possible. Secondly, the slowing down of the stretching gas enables energy savings.

Increasing the porosity also allows the stretching of a larger number of fibers in a predetermined volume of stretching gas, which indicates the potential for energy conservation, and in the technique described herein, the unit volume of the stretching gas. In spite of the increase in the number of sugar fibers, the fibers produced are free of lumps (pockets) or zones of agglomerated fibers, and are produced separately from each other during the entire drawing process, and thus insulation on the gorum. A textile product having the same is produced.

For general purposes it is intended to give a perforation rate, such as 15 to 45 or 50 per cm ² , at least 15 per cm ² of perimeter wall perforation. Suitable figures are about 35 perforations per cm ² . The diameter of the perforations used is preferably about 0.8 mm to about 1.2 mm.

Any type of requirement may be used for any type of spinner with any diameter, but depending on what kind of purpose the spinner circumferential wall may be twice as high as the prior art spinner, the height of the spinner For example, it can be increased by about 40mm to 80mm. This increase in height is performed to increase the total number of perforations, and the increase in the number of perforations provided in this manner is such that an increased number of glasses, that is, primary flows, are injected into the stretching gas stream, thereby conserving energy again. .

Detailed description of FIGS. 2 to 9 will be described below.

The embodiment described in FIG. 2 will be described. A spinner support (attachment) shaft 10 is provided at the center, and a lower structure 24 is provided at the lower end thereof to support the spinner generally indicated by 25. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an annular thread 20 having an annular blower blow orifice 21 is provided to blow the stretching blower adjacent to the spinner peripheral wall. The spinner diameter of FIG. 2 is slightly larger than the spinner diameter of FIG. 1 and the peripheral wall 26 is increasing in thickness toward the lower end. An inwardly flanged flange 27 is provided at the bottom of the peripheral wall, the flange gradually thickening inwardly in the radial direction, the axial dimension of its inner end being preferably at least as thick as the average thickness of the peripheral wall 26. Preferably it is thicker than the maximum thickness of the peripheral wall 26, thereby giving resistance to curvature in the central region of the peripheral wall 26 as described above.

In FIG. 2 the dispensing basket 29 is attached to the center of the spinner and is equipped with a series of peripheral perforations 29. The glass S enters a distribution basket from the upper direction like FIG. 1, and discharges the glass 30 to the outer side in a radial direction by rotation of the distribution basket 28. As shown in FIG.

Instead of directly discharging glass type 30 into the peripheral wall of the spinner, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, a relay device inserted between the secretion (supply) basket and the spinner peripheral wall is provided, and the opening is formed inside the annulus. A relay perforation in the form of a funnel 31 and provided at intervals for discharging glass 32 on the peripheral wall of the spinner is provided at the bottom of the funnel. In the above-described embodiment, the orifice for discharging the glass is installed to discharge all of the glass fiberized in the upper region of the perforated wall of the spinner, thereby preventing the uninterrupted laminar flow flowing downward as described above. To produce.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, it should be noted that although the spinner diameter of FIG. 2 is larger than the spinner diameter of FIG. 1, the diameter of the distribution (supply) basket 29 is smaller than the diameter of the distribution basket of FIG. . This ratio of the part in question is desirable. The reason is that even in the case of a dispensing basket having a diameter equal to that of the basket 17 shown in FIG. 1, the distance from the dispensing basket to the spinner perforated wall impairs the uniformity of the discharged glass, and the irregular wave of the glass. This results in a flow of water, and as a result, a small portion of the glass flow is ejected from the upper end of the spinner wall to the lower spinner wall area. But this is not desirable. The reason is that in the present invention, substantially all of the glass is discharged to any plane of the orifice in the substantially top row of the peripheral wall so as to descend from the top of the spinner circumferential wall and generate a preferably unobstructed laminar flow flowing at the bottom of the peripheral wall. Because it is intended.

Discharge of the glass by using a dispensing basket 28 with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the dispensing basket shown in FIG. 1 and also by using a relay device such as the annular funnel 31 shown in FIG. This can be done more precisely in the zone of top insulation. The funnel 31 is attached on a portion of the hub structure 24 by a basket support structure as shown in outline 31a. This attachment surface preferably contains insulating means (for example as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8).

In the case of FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 1, a high frequency induction heater 23 is used in order to keep the temperature of the upper and lower portions of the spinner circumferential wall preferably the same.

3 illustrates an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2, and the same reference numerals as those of FIG. 2 are used in FIG. 3 for structural parts that are the same as or similar to those of FIG. 2. Spinner 25 and dispensing basket 28 have substantially the same structure as FIG. 2, but the embodiment of FIG. 3 uses a relay device 33 different from the funnel 31 instead of the funnel 31 which is opened in the annular inner side in the embodiment of FIG. Equipped. The apparatus 33 is composed of an annular ring attached on the hub structure by the bracket support 33a (with an insulating material as in FIGS. 7 and 8). The ring has a groove open inward to receive the glass 30 discharged from the dispensing basket 28, the lower end of which is defined by a weir, or overflow ridge 34, As a result, the glass stopped by the relaying 33 overflows and is discharged inside the spinner circumferential wall by centrifugal force. Preferably, the relaying 33 discharges the glass to the orifice plane whose overflow is at the top of the spinner wall. Positioned so as to be positioned.

The function of the embodiment of FIG. 3 is that in the case of funnel 31 of FIG. 2, the individual glass 32 is discharged from the orifice at the bottom of the funnel. It is the same as FIG. 2 except that it is sent out by the relay device which has a main body.

Next, referring to the fourth embodiment, the spinner 36 shown in FIG. 4 has the lengthwise longitudinal direction substantially increased by the spinners of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. In FIG. 4, a distribution basket 28 similar to that described in FIG. 3 is used, which discharges glass to the annular relay device 33 having the same structure as described in FIG. However, in FIG. 4, the relay device 33 does not discharge the glass directly to the inside of the spinner wall, but the funnel 37 which opens toward the inner side of the annulus attached on the structural member 38 connected to the spinner toward the top of the spinner installed in the spinner. Is discharged within.

Structural member 38 is generally cylindrical, the upper end of which is secured to the neck of the spinner, and the lower end has an annular socket 38a for receiving the lower end 36a mounted on the inward flange of the spinner bottom. Structural member 38 is also connected to bottom plate 38b. It is preferable that the structural member 38 and the bottom plate have holes arranged at intervals as shown. A peripherally spaced anchor, or plaquette 39 (see FIG. 9), extends from the center of the spinner circumferential wall and is spaced on a circumferential edge mounted on the support structural member 38 38c. It is used to attach ring 39a which engages with. The circumferential spacing of the bracket 39 avoids papermaking or disturbance to the extent that glass laminar flow on the inner surface of the circumferential wall is acceptable. The mutual engagement of 36a to 38a and 39a to 38c gives a laminated structure in which the expansion and contraction of the support structure member 38 and the spinner circumferential wall in the relative vertical direction is self. This support structure, in particular the members 39, 39a and 38c, is also an effective reinforcing member of the spinner peripheral wall, thereby suppressing the curvature of the outer peripheral wall under the action of centrifugal force.

The advantage of this structure is that, for example, the spinner peripheral wall is at a temperature of about 1050 ° C. during operation and the support member may be at about 600 ° C., so that the support member is kept at a lower temperature, and thus may be in a more rigid state.

The structure of the laylay funnel 37 and the supporting (attaching) structural member 38 will be described in detail in the enlarged sectional view of FIG. In this figure, it can be seen that each discharge hole 40 in the bottom of the funnel is installed in the support structure member 38 at a position to allow the glass to flow through the hole 41 made in the radial direction. The space of bracket 39 located here and there around the inner circumference of the spinner wall makes it possible to make the development of the desired laminar flow of the glass from the upper end to the lower end of the spinner with minimal interruption.

Other parts of the device, such as the journal fixing of the spinner, the annular chamber for the drawing gas and the annular orifice and the heating element 23 are all as already described.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the structure of the spinner 42 is similar to the spinner 36 of FIG. 4, but the spinner of FIG. 5 is smaller in diameter, and the arrangement of FIG. 5 is 28 in FIG. 4 for the glass supply. A distribution basket center distribution basket 43 of diameter slightly larger than the diameter is provided, which has a peripheral hole for feeding glass 44 directly into the relay funnel 37 instead of through the overflow relaying 33. . This embodiment includes the support structural member 38, the bottom plate 38b with its center cut out, and the contact member with the spinner peripheral wall as described above with respect to FIG.

The arrangements of FIGS. 4 and 5 are used for peripheral walls of uniform thickness with various features, but the wall thickness is preferably increased toward the bottom end for the reasons already described.

The structure in FIG. 6 can be described like the structure in FIG. Spinner 25 is the same as spinner in FIG. In addition, the distribution basket 28 is the same as in FIG. 3, but in FIG. 6 the overflow relaying 45 is used, and the ring of this embodiment (see FIG. 7) is attached on the hub structure as in FIG. It does not lose and attaches directly to a part of the spinner wall itself.

In both the detailed views according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the relay device (37 in FIG. 8, 45 in FIG. 7) has an insertion layer of insulating material 46, which is removed from the relay device. It is provided to reduce the heat transfer to the spinner and to reduce the heat transfer to the support structure member 38 in the embodiments of FIGS. 4, 5 and 8.

The following describes the glass composition.

A highly preferred feature of the present invention is that its structural and operational requirements can be used for a wide range of glass compositions.

Thus, the structural and operational requirements of each can be used independently or in combination with many known stretching glass compositions, including " soft " glass. In addition, the individual features, configurations, and combinations thereof can be used for any type of glass composition not conventionally used in prior art fiberization operations using centrifugal spinners for injecting primary glass into the drawing blower. In fact, the spinners and techniques described herein facilitate glass compositions that have not been practical to use in the prior art spinner devices because of the relatively high devitrification temperature that requires the use of relatively high spinner temperatures for a variety of reasons. Can be used. If such a high spinner temperature is used as a prior art spinner, the spinner may deteriorate (corrosion of the spinner and / or curvature on the outside), resulting in the spinner not having a practical or industrial life. In fact, any of the glass compositions intended for use with the techniques of the present invention can be fibrous in nature using spinners of the prior art.

Moreover, it is the intention of the present invention to use some previously unknown glass composition having desirable temperature and viscosity properties that are particularly suitable for use in the improved techniques described herein, and these novel glass compositions are spinners. Does not contain any of the florin compounds in florin, boron, and varieties that have been normally used individually or in combination in the formulation of glass compositions for use in fiberization by techniques, and does not contain one of the boron compounds or varicose compounds, or It is also advantageous in that both do not contain substantially. As a result, their particular glass compositions are particularly advantageous as they are economical and do not cause environmental pollution problems. Fibers with improved temperature resistance properties are produced by the novel compositions having relatively high melting points and devitrification temperatures described herein. Therefore, thermally insulating products made from such novel glass compositions are used at high temperatures, such as about 450 to 500 ° C., compared to temperatures of about 400 ° C. for fiber products made from a variety of known “soft” glass fibers. Can be used safely.

The preferred glass compositions intended by the improved techniques described herein are not only characterized by the various properties described above, but also preferably have a composition consistent with the examples and ranges described below. Before considering such a glass composition, the glass viscosity at the operating temperature of fiberization was about 1000 poise under the conditions of a commercial prior art. Thus a low devitrification temperature is required and this low temperature is achieved by the addition of the fluorine compound or by the addition of boron or baritone compound. On the contrary, the spinner operating temperature in the improved technique using the novel glass composition described herein has a viscosity of about 5000 poise and a spinner temperature of 1030 ° C. to 1050 ° C., that is, a temperature slightly higher than that of the liquid line. Used.

It should be noted again that the various glass compositions known and used conventionally can be used with respect to the various glass compositions using the devices and techniques described herein. However, particularly preferred results are obtained when using any kind of composition which is not known in the prior art and has not been used conventionally and which is not suitable for using the spinner technique according to the prior art.

The following lists the compositions of eight different kinds of compositions that fall within the range detailed in the first table. Any value other than a small amount of unidentified percentages is parts by weight. The first table also lists the main properties of these eight compositions.

TABLE 1

Regarding the above-mentioned% components of the species, the first table shows the numerical values from the actual analysis of the sample glass, but changes in the chemical composition of the batch components, changes and weight values and chemicals caused by evaporation in the glass melting furnace. It is appropriate to give each component a small range of up to ± 5% so that the analytical value can be measured, and to keep it within the full range described in column C of the second table.

Composition 0 can be fibrated with any kind of known forehead spinner technique, but the production rate, ie withdrawal rate, of the composition by the known technique will be unacceptably low, so the fiberization operation of the composition as described above is in an industrial sense. It is economically infeasible. However, according to the techniques of the present invention composition 0 can also be used economically.

Other glass compositions are not capable of fiberization as an industrial standard by the known centrifugal spinner technique. In contrast, these other compositions are particularly suitable for use in the improved techniques described herein. For example, any of these other compositions, such as compositions 5, 6 and 7, are conventionally unknown, of which composition 6 is suitable.

The techniques and apparatus described herein can be used with a very wide range of glass compositions, for example glass compositions as shown in column A of Table 2.

TABLE 2

It is preferable to use a composition in which the balance of viscosity on one side and devitrification temperature and water resistance on the other side of the snake of column A is used, which is particularly difficult when using glass prescribed by the prior art. Columns B and C in the second table list the ranges for the glass composition containing manganese and these are formulated to be balanced above.

The glass of column B contains a small amount of boron and otherwise contains a small amount of varicose.

On the other hand, the glass of column C, for example, glass such as 5, 6 and 7 of the first table, is a novel composition. These are compositions containing manganese and iron and from them the varieties and boron are not added consciously. However, some residual amount may be present.

The spinner alloy is described below.

When using some of the hardest glass having a viscosity of about 1000 poise at a temperature of about 1150 ° C. and having a devitrification temperature of about 1030 ° C., a spinner made of an alloy of a special composition that can withstand the required temperature In the invention, it is used. Furthermore, if this alloy is used in the case of soft glass, the life of the spinner is increased. Such an alloy has the following composition. Here is an unfair part by weight.

TABLE 3

This kind of alloy is particularly preferred for spinners of large diameter, for example at least 400 mm in diameter. In addition to the so-called hard glass fiberization, the use of the above-described spinner alloy enables the fiberization of glass having a wide range of composition including hard and soft amount glass, and in the case of the latter (soft glass), the spinner alloy is used for the life of the spinner. Is increased. In this way, the spinner made of said novel alloy can be used for the glass which has a composition in the range shown to the following 4th table | surface.

TABLE 4

Claims (1)

A hollow centrifugal spinner having a peripheral wall having several rows of orifices for injecting molten glass by centrifugal force, a glass dispensing device installed inside the centrifugal spinner, and an annular gas stream for drawing is directed downward of the centrifugal spinner. A glass fiberizing apparatus having a blower comprising: a glass dispensing apparatus comprising: apparatuses 28 and 43 for supplying glass to an upper side of an orifice; peripheral walls 26 and centrifugal spinners 25, 36 and 42 and glass feeding apparatuses 28 and 43; And an annular relay device 31, 33, 45 arranged radially between them, the glass supply device having a glass dispensing orifice 29 in the plane of the annular relay member, the device comprising a centrifugal fastener 12, 25, 36, 42; Molten glass by means of a centrifugal spinner, comprising a heating device 23 for heating the lower end portions of the peripheral walls 13 and 26 of Emulsification device.

Images