KR830001253B1 - Glass fiber composition for fiberization - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Glass fiber composition for fiberization

1 is a part of a fiberizing apparatus having a spinner constituted by a preferred embodiment of the present invention and having a blast generator for ejecting an annular elongated blast ejected downward adjacent to the peripheral wall of the spinner. Breaking vertical section view.

FIG. 1A is an enlarged elevation view of a dispensing orifice of another embodiment, which may also be disposed in the fiberizing device of FIG.

2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are partial vertical cross-sectional views, such as FIG. 1, illustrating the spinner and the different embodiments of the glass feeding mechanism in the spinner, respectively.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a glass feeder (relay device) of another shape in the spinner as shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged broken cross-sectional view illustrating the relay device of the glass feeding device shown in FIGS. 4 and 3.

9 is a broken perspective view of the reinforcing structure of the spinner of FIGS. 4 and 5;

10 and 11 are broken cross-sectional views of different forms of the spinner peripheral wall.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10: spinner support shaft (axis) 11: hub

12: spinner 13: the main wall

14: neck 15: flange (member)

16: annular member (reinforcement) 17, 17b: distribution basket (supply basket)

17a: rock 18, 18a: (distribution) orifice

19: glass S: glass

20: seal 21: blast blowout orifice

23: heater 24: hub

25: spinner 26: the main wall

27: flange 28: distribution basket

29: perforation 30: glass

31: Funnel 31a: appearance

32: glass 33: relaid (relay device)

34: overflow 33a: bracket support agent

35: relay device 36: spinner

37: Funnel (relay funnel) 38: structural member

38a: Socket 38b: Base plate

39: bracket 40: discharge port

41: hole 42: spinner

43: distributing basket 44: glasses

45: relay device 46: insulating material

The present invention relates to a glass fiber composition for fiberization. In this method, a centrifugal spinner (rotating member) is usually used attached to an upright shaft and glass is supplied to the inside of the spinner and sent to the inner surface of the peripheral wall, which has a plurality of orifices. As the spinner rotates, the glass is ejected from the orifice in the circumferential wall of the spinner into a plurality of streams, that is, primary streams by centrifugal force. A device for discharging the annular thinning gas from the combustion chamber in the form of a blast is provided, and the annular flow flows downward near the outer wall surface of the perforated peripheral wall of the spinner, whereby the glass is elongated. It is typically coated as a binder to be transported downward in the blasting blast and collected on the upper surface of the porous collection conveyor, which is typically arranged as the bottom wall of the collection chamer. A typical device is a suction box placed below the porous collection conveyor to assist in making a mat or blanket product on the conveyor, and the resulting mat is transported for subsequent processing and packaging.

Commonly used devices of this type include so-called "soft" glass, i.e. the temperature at which the material of the spinner freely passes through the orifice in the spinner wall at a temperature within the temperature limits which can be tolerated without excessive erosion and deformation. It is commercially available to use the glass composition in which the compounding component was chosen especially to have a viscosity characteristic. Glass compositions used for some of the above are usually lowered in melting temperature or liquidus temperature and viscosity, but tend to be devitrified and thus, without the use of molten glass as an excessively high temperature, One or two or more kinds were used commercially.

However, the use of a composition containing a certain amount of boron or florin and even varieties can cause undesirable volatile components, especially in the case of boron and florin, and are exposed to the outside through the molten glass manufacturing apparatus. Although possible, some kind of care must be taken in the case of these components, as some of their components also require special treatment of the discharge gas for proper disposal.

Barium boron and florin compounds were typically present in the glass used in amounts of about 3%, 6% and 1.5%, respectively, but commonly used boron and florin compounds are volatile at the melting temperature used for glass production and Volatilization even at the temperatures used during the fiberization process requires a higher initial injection amount in glass making to compensate for the loss due to volatilization at the glass melting temperature in order to give these contents to the glass.

Another drawback when using these compounds in significant amounts is an increase in the cost of the fibers produced.

This drawback is particularly pointed out when using expensive varieties of compounds. The relatively soft glass also results in glass fibers that do not have desirable high temperature resistance.

Several factors that have conventionally been encountered with this type of fiberization technique have tended to limit the production capacity of certain devices.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, a general object of the present invention is to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art. For this reason, the present invention intends to increase the productivity of predetermined equipment of a device of the type using a centrifugal spinner for sending glass in the annular blasting blast surrounding the spinner, and at the same time removes any kind of environmental pollutant, making the glass composition cheaper. It is intended to enable the use of and to provide a fiber product with improved temperature resistance properties.

In the case of the fiber made of the prior art composition through a perforated spinner, the fiber product can be used only for applications that are exposed to a temperature not exceeding about 400 ° C., but the glass fiber prepared from the composition according to the present invention can be used. The cold can raise the temperature to about 480 ° C.

The general purpose of the above is to provide a method or apparatus for operating conditions used for supplying and distributing glass to a spinner, as an individual or various assembly including the structure of the spinner itself, the composition of the glass, and the alloy composition constituting the spinner. It is achieved by a number of significant improvements described in. Various of these features are correlated as described below.

The techniques described herein are also described in other types of other concurrently filed United States patent applications, all of which are based on a claim of priority in French Patent Application No. 7,834,616, filed December 8, 1978.

First, the glass composition (the example is described below) used as an apparatus including the method of this invention and a spinner structure is first described. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass composition is formulated to be in small amounts even if it does not contain florin but contains baritone and boron. Such glass compositions are "hard glass" and have a high melting point and high transparency temperature. Glass compositions that are characteristic of either fluorine-free or boron-free and varieties-free are readily fibrous by the methods and devices described herein, even if the fiberization is not practical by the spinner technique of the prior art. Moreover, their hard glasses give rise to desirable "hard" glass fibers in terms of critical temperature performance.

It has a high devitrification temperature and also achieves a suitable fiberization viscosity only at high temperatures. Such grained glass compositions require special handling and special fibrillation devices and the techniques described herein provide a number of significant methods for producing and distributing glass in the spinner to the spinner structure or for operating conditions established in the spinner. Improvements are achieved and it is easy to make fibers from their hard glass, and using known spinner structures and techniques is difficult even if fiberization is not impossible. There is provided a fiberization method of any kind of very hard glass composition.

Their structural and operational improvements are particularly advantageous and important for the fiberization of hard glass, but are also advantageous when using other types of glass that are fiberized by the "centrifugal" technique contemplated herein.

These structural and operational improvements are best described after consideration of the apparatus preferably used in the technique described in the present invention, and thus will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a partial cross-section with a blast generator for disposing a spinner constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and for dispensing an annular blasting blast discharged downwardly adjacent to the peripheral wall of the spinner. .

Firstly referring to the embodiment of FIG. 1, a vertical Spinner Supporting Shaft is shown at 10, which has a hub at the bottom for attaching the spinner and a hub as shown in FIG. Illustrated. The spinner itself is set at 12, the spinner being a circumferential wall 13 with a plurality of rows of spinner orifices, the top of which is connected to the hub 11 by a central attachment, or neck portion 14. It will be appreciated that the orifices in the spinner wall appear only in the cross-section of the spinner wall but are equipped with orifices in which multiple orifices are arranged in a plurality of vertically spaced rows.

The spinner has a flange 15 protruding inwardly at the bottom thereof, to which flange 15 is connected the upper end of a cylindrical member, i.e., the cylindrical element 16, which reinforces or supports as described below. Indicates.

The dispensing basket 17 attached to the spinner and also to rotate with the spinner has dispensing orifices 18 side by side in a line substantially mounted on the face of the top insulating orifice of the spinner peripheral wall. As shown in the figure, the dispensing basket 17 is attached on the hub 11 by bracket 17a. The glass is sent down and through the center through the spinner attachment structure and sent to the inside of the bottom wall of the basket 17 as indicated by 5, thereby widening the wall laterally to reach the perforated peripheral wall of the basket. A layer is formed on the inside of the basket wall and the glass from the perforated wall passes through the orifice toward the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the spinner close to the top of the orifice as shown by 19 and is ejected outward in a radial direction, the top of the orifice. The glass from the compartment flows downwardly inside the spinner wall. This downflow is unobstructed and flows down because it does not have an inner enclosing wall or thread structure inside the spinner circumferential wall, and this flow has a laminar flow characteristic when observed by stroboscopic light. It shows a smooth wavy appearance. Glass enters an unrestricted and unrestricted laminar flow entering the orifice in the spinner circumferential wall, and the glass flows out of the laminar flow through the entire spinner orifice, ie as a primary flow and exits outward, and the primary flow is It is enlarged by the annular blast (gas blast) established by the apparatus to describe.

FIG. 1a shows another dispensing basket 17b with two rows of orifices arranged staggered with each other and accessing a common surface for discharging glass to the top of the orifice zone of the spinner wall.

Most dispensing baskets used in the prior art with respect to the arrangement of main boat baskets (17 in FIG. 1 and 17b in FIG. 1A) distribute the glass to the spinner perforated peripheral wall throughout the main length of the vertical length of the perforated spinner wall. To provide a series of orifices arranged vertically apart from one another. Applicants, however, are not aware of any type of orifice in terms of the diameter and vertical height of the holes in the periphery of the periphery of the perforated wall, especially in the installation of a large number of orifices necessary for the vertical distribution of glass in accordance with common techniques of the prior art. I found myself in trouble and hardship.

Among the above mentioned disadvantages and difficulties, the most important problem relates to the heat loss from the glass discharged from the distribution basket to the inside of the peripheral wall of the spinner.

This heat loss is directly proportional to the total surface area of the glass discharged. In a very large number of thin strands, such as the arrangements according to the prior art, the total surface area is the same amount while the distribution basket as described herein has an orifice of a larger dimension than that of the prior art, thereby making the total surface area much smaller. It is much larger than the array for discharging the glass. In fact, in a representative case, the described arrangement dispenses a certain amount of glass, which is only about 1/7 of the surface of the prior art.

The improved arrangement according to the invention thus eliminates excessive heat loss (this is a major drawback of the devices of the prior art) from the glass being discharged to the spinner peripheral wall in the distribution basket. In the case of thin glass used in the prior art, the uniformity between the different glass types of heat loss when ejected from the distribution basket to the periphery of the spinner has a smaller number of coarse flows as in the arrangement of the present invention. Much less than if.

When using the soft glass used in the prior art, the problem of heat loss as described above is not considered to be prohibited, but when using a harder glass intended by the present invention such heat loss is unbearable.

The technique described herein is another important factor that is intended to increase the diameter of the spinner.

As in the prior art, when glass with a small diameter from the distribution basket is discharged, increasing the spinner diameter tends to cause undesired heat flow of the glass, thereby adversely affecting the uniformity of the operating conditions. Using a smaller number of thicker glasses can solve such irregular fluttering. Other means for reducing this tendency to irregular ripples are described below for the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

Furthermore, in the case of many thin glasses discharged inside the spinner perimeter circumferential wall through most of the perforation of the basket wall, some of the glass reaches individual perforations of the distribution basket wall and practically neat spinner perforation. However, other glasses reach a portion of the non-perforated area of the sky space of the spinner peripheral wall. This therefore introduces non-uniform dynamic conditions and adversely affects the uniformity of the fibers produced.

In view of the above, instead of using a plurality of feed streams distributed vertically on the spinner periphery, an improved arrangement provides an unrestricted and unrestricted downward flow of molten glass on the inner surface of the perforated perimeter wall. The supply of glass is done at the upper end of the layer, and the dynamic conditions of ejecting the glass from each of the perforations of the peripheral wall are virtually because the layer flows downwardly forming a laminar flow over the entire perforated wall of the spinner wall. The same, the source of non-uniformity of the fibers produced thereby is removed.

The development, or establishment, of the non-constrained flow flowing downward is carried out by means of the distribution basket described above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 1a, ie in the plane of the height of or near the height of the top row of perforations of the spinner wall, or This is done by the use of a basket or dispensing device that supplies the entire glass for fiberization to the spinner wall through a row of orifices mounted in proximity to the plane. Preferably, each of these orifices is about 75 to 200, and this number is from about 1/10 to about 1/3 of the number normally used in multirow distribution baskets. The preferably uniform feeding of glass through the perforation of the spinner wall is increased by maintaining the temperature conditions to obtain a substantially uniform viscosity of the glass, particularly in the upper and lower regions of the spinner wall, by the other preferred operating conditions described below. do.

The structure shown in FIG. 1 for elongation comprises an annular chamber 20 with an annular discharge orifice 21 which provides a suitable device for combusting fuel and thereby producing the desired heat exhaustion gas. The elongated gas is supplied from one or more combustion chambers as shown with 22 provided. This gives a descending annulus of the same shape as the clathrate surrounding the spinner. The details of the structure of the spinner attachment and the details of the structure of the blast stager are well known in the art and need not be described here.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the device also includes a device for heating the bottom of the spinner. This takes various forms and is preferably an annular high frequency heating device as shown at 33.

The ring of this heater is preferably larger than the diameter of the spinner and is spaced slightly below the bottom of the spinner.

However, operation of the embodiment described in FIG. 1 will be described.

Although the various components described herein are used with spinners of any index, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the improved technique of the present invention, spinners are used that are larger in diameter than conventionally used. For example, the spinner uses a diameter of about 400 mm, compared with a typical 300 mm diameter.

This makes it possible to increase the number of glass discharge orifices in the peripheral wall of the spinner to some extent, and the increase in the number of orifices is advantageous for increasing the number of glass ejected from the spinner to the thinning blast around it.

This type of spinner rotates relatively freely, so some degree of centrifugal force acts on the spinner wall. In addition, the spinner is operated at an elevated temperature so that the central section of the peripheral wall always tends to be curved to the outer axis. This tendency can be eliminated by using reinforcement means or support devices and some of the reinforcement or support devices are described in the various embodiments in the figure. In the embodiment of Figure 1 the reinforcement device takes the form of an annular member attached by an inward flange 15 to the lower end of the peripheral wall. The reinforcing action of this annular reinforcing member 16 tends to cause the central region of the peripheral wall 13 to bend outward under the action of centrifugal force to decorate the flange 15 upwards and inwards around the connecting line between the lower end of the peripheral wall 13 and the flange 15. If you think of the trend, it will make sense. If no annular member 16 is present (as in the case of prior art spinners), the above-mentioned upward and inward direction of flange 15 is produced by a slight "wave motion" or sofa movement at the relatively thin inner end of flange 15. Decorating only a small amount is given. However, when the annular member 16 is coupled to the inner end of the flange, such sofa-like motion of the inner end of the flange is suppressed, thereby providing reinforcement or support of the wall structure of the spinner. The angled engagement of the annular member 16 with the flange 15 also helps to impart the desired reinforcement.

For the purpose of the above, the reinforcing member (annular member) 16 is thicker than the average wall thickness of the spinner peripheral wall 13. It is preferred to have a dimension in the spinner wall direction that is thicker than the maximum thickness of the spinner wall. Furthermore, in order to give a desirable effect of suppressing curvature on the outer side of the peripheral wall, the annular member is preferably attached at a position projecting downward from the inner end of the flange 15. Reinforcement of the spinners as described herein prevents pores of the spinner walls and extends the useful life of the spinners.

The form of another structure that achieves this reinforcing action is disclosed in other figures described below.

Before considering the preferred operation of an embodiment of the device as shown in FIG. 1, a typical prior art operation using spinners using relatively soft glass is that glass is usually attached to the center region of the spinner. Dispensing into a dispensing basket having a glass dispensing orifice that creates longitudinal rows spaced by number and consequently the glass is first discharged from the basket to at least the majority of the vertical dimension of the peripheral wall of the spinner. You must point out.

As a typical operation of such a prior art, there is some difference between the upper half and the lower portion of the peripheral wall. In other words, the upper part is more expensive than the lower part because the upper part of the peripheral wall is close to the root of the elongated blast. Furthermore, in a representative case, the peripheral wall is the same thickness throughout its height, or in some cases thicker towards the upper end rather than towards the bottom end. In addition, in this representative prior art, the diameter of the orifice is slightly different between the top row of spinners and the bottom row. Each of these factors is, for example, by an orifice injecting glass downwards to obtain a fiber referred to as " umbrella " fibrosis as described in Article 3,304,164 of US Pat. It is established for ejection at a higher rate from the direction of the upward orifice. This avoids the fibers intersecting with each other and entangled with each other, such as when glass is ejected to the same extent from both the upper hot orifice and the lower row orifice.

In the presence of these prior arts, the lower end of the spinner is subjected to a slight heating in addition to the introduction of molten glass and the heating from the elongated blast surrounding it, but the achievement of the short fiber of the typical prior art is achieved with the upper and lower ends of the spinner. In addition, some heating is also performed, but achieving the short fiberization of the typical prior art generally requires operation with a difference in glass temperature such as between the top and bottom of the spinner.

The top of the spinner is higher in temperature for the factors described above, and the bottom of the spinner is generally lower, even if some heat is applied, and because of this temperature difference (e.g. from about 1050 ° C towards the top to 950 ° C towards the top). The resulting viscosity of the glass is lower at the top than at the bottom, so that a higher flow rate, or draw rate, is obtained through perforation on the upper side, so that the glass is ejected more at the top at the bottom of the spinner and thus a desired umbrella. Fibrosis is achieved.

In the prior art using soft glass, even if the temperature is higher than the devitrification temperature (although the glass is used at a temperature close to the orifice in the upper row), the temperature does not have a significant adverse effect on the metal of the spinner. For this purpose, they could rely on the difference between the top and bottom temperature of the spinner.

In contrast to the above, in the case of hard glass, the spinner cannot be operated when there is a substantial temperature difference between the upper end and the lower end of the spinner. The reason is that if the temperature at the lower end is set at a temperature high enough to avoid crystallization of the glass and thus the closing of the lower orifice, close to the upper end of the spinner to establish the temperature difference frequently used in the prior art to achieve umbrella fiberization. It is necessary to increase the glass temperature of to higher temperatures such as erosion, corrosion and / or deformation due to the very high spinners.

Considering these factors, the improved technique achieves the desired umbrella fiberization by the novel method when using the preferred composition when using the hard glass composition. Instead of using a temperature difference between the top and bottom of the spinner, an improved technique establishes approximately the same temperature at the top and bottom of the spinner, which is set at temperatures above, but close to, the devitrification temperature (eg 1050 ° C). . The viscosity of the glass is therefore essentially the same as the row orifices of the top and bottom of the spinner, e.g., about 500 poise, according to the technique, whereby the increased resistance desired for injection of glass from the bottom row orifices is superior to that of the prior art. Achieved in a different way. Thus, unlike the prior art, this improved technique is intended to use a peripheral wall that becomes thicker towards the lower end towards the top end as clearly shown in FIG.

This results in an orifice that becomes long in length towards the bottom end, which in the case of certain glass viscosities gives a great resistance to the injection of glass as it goes to the bottom end orifice under the action of centrifugal force.

The higher resistance of the glass injection above causes the glass to be injected in a greater amount at the upper end than at the lower end of the spinner, thereby producing the desired umbrella fiberization (inclined fiberization).

If desired, the resistance of the glass through the low heat orifices is further increased by reducing the diameter of the low heat orifices.

It is intended to perform a stronger heating at the lower end of the spinner than was conventionally used to obtain the desired temperature at the lower end of the spinner. In this way, heater 23 of FIG. 1 should have at least two to three times the capacity previously used. The heater is suitable to 60kw to 10,000Hm.

In the preferred embodiment described herein, it is conceivable to maintain the conditions of maintaining the glass temperature at about 10 ° C to about 20 ° C of the glass devitrification temperature using the glass temperature in both the top and bottom sections of the peripheral wall. For the general purpose, the thickness of the lower end of the spinner main wall will be at least about 13/2 times the thickness of the upper end, and in some cases the thickness of the lower end of the spinner peripheral wall should be 5/2 times the thickness of the upper end. desirable. In a representative embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the lower end of the spinner is about twice the thickness of the upper end. For example, such a typical spinner has a thickness of 3 mm at the top end of the spinner and 6 mm at the bottom end.

10 and 11 will be described below.

With regard to the above points, attention should be paid to FIG. 10 which enlarges the cross section of the spinner circumferential wall which becomes thicker toward the bottom than toward the top. As described in FIG. 1, the thickness of the spinner circumferential wall from the top portion to the bottom portion may be substantially thickened at any time, but a modification as shown in FIG. 10 may be used. In this variant, the thickness of the peripheral wall is thickest towards the bottom end, the thinnest part is the middle section, and the upper part is the middle thickness. This type of slope of the wall thickness is advantageously used to more accurately establish the desired umbrella fiberization. In this regard it should be noted that the two main heat sources for heating the peripheral wall are the elongated blasts directed towards the top and the induction heater 23 towards the bottom. As a result, the middle section of the peripheral wall will be slightly lower in temperature than the top and bottom ends and the viscosity of the glass in the middle section will be correspondingly high. As shown in FIG. 10, the change in the wall thickness is determined by the degree of glass and the desired direction of glass injection, that is, the maximum flow and injection amount at the top, the flow and injection amount at the center area, and the minimum at the bottom. To help establish the flow and injection volume.

In FIGS. 1 and 10 the outer surface of the wall is conical, slightly larger in diameter in the direction from the top to the bottom, or as shown in FIG. 11, this outer surface is shown in FIG. The cone may be as shown.

The meta will be further described below.

Before describing the other embodiments and related features described in FIGS. 2-9, it is desirable to describe additional parameters that include both a range of structural and operational features of the present invention.

The multi-valued configuration requirements of the present invention are used for spinners having a perforation rate (i.e. total perforated area / total area ratio) of peripheral walls of the size used in the prior art, but some requirements intended in the present invention It is advantageously used for spinners with increased perforations per unit surface area of the wall. By the increase in the porosity, it is possible to increase the glass extraction rate of the spinner, that is, the total amount of glass fiberized by the spinner.

In understanding the present invention, it should be noted that the discharge speed of the glass passing through the perforation of the spinner wall is influenced by the viscosity of the glass to be discharged. Increasing the viscosity of the glass slows down the flow of glass through each hole, but increases the porosity and maintains the predetermined total glass extraction rate of the spinner even if the glass viscosity increases. Therefore, the increase in the puncture rate makes it possible to use glass of higher viscosity than the viscosity conventionally used in the spinner without causing the total glass withdrawal speed of the spinner.

Since the glass withdrawal speed depends on the diameter of the perforations in place, the predetermined glass withdrawal rate per spinner is intended to increase the total output of the spinner with the perforation rate, i.e., the withdrawal rate, but the present invention also provides for the individual perforations of the spinner walls. The intention is to achieve an increase in the total sand content while reducing the passage speed of the glass. This is achieved by increasing the puncture rate as already described above and by any other factor described below, as a result of which corrosion and deterioration of the spinners are reduced despite the increase in total yield. Corrosion, of course, is concentrated on individual perforations, but despite the increase in perforation rate (which is expected to weaken the spinners), the spinner's production capacity and lifespan are not detrimental, but slightly increased or extended over those of the prior art. .

Furthermore, as the speed of the glass through the individual perforations decreases, the speed of the elongated blast ejected adjacent to the outer surface of the spinner peripheral wall is equal to the higher the speed of the glass through the individual perforations. It doesn't have to be big. This has a double advantage.

First of all, since the length of the fiber produced by the spinner of the type considered in the present specification, such as the base, is generally inversely proportional to the speed of the elongation point, the above-mentioned reduction in the elongation blast wind speed produces a longer fiber. Makes it possible. Secondly, the reduction in elongated gas also saves energy.

Increasing the puncture rate also makes it possible to thin more fibers in a given volume of thinning gas, indicating the potential for energy conservation. In the technique described herein, despite the increase in the number of fibers per unit volume of the elongated gas, the fibers produced have no lumps (pockets) or zones of agglomerated fibers and are individually separated from each other during the entire elongation process. It is manufactured in a state of being kept and thus a high quality insulating textile product is produced.

For general purposes it is intended to give a perforation rate, such as 15 to 45 or 50 per cm 2, such as giving at least 15 per cm 2 per perimeter of the perimeter of the peripheral wall. Preferred values are about 35 perforations per cm 2. The diameter of the perforations used is preferably about 0.8 mm to about 1.2 mm.

Although some kind of requirement is used for the shifter having an arbitrary diameter, for many purposes it is intended to make the diameter of the spinner larger than the spinner used in the prior art. Thus, the diameter of the representative spinner according to the prior art is about 300 mm, but the diameter of the spinner according to the invention is intended to be at least 300 mm and 500 mm in size.

Any type of requirement may be used for spinners having a preferred vertical size where the peripheral wall is preferred, but for any purpose the peripheral wall of the spinner may be of increased height, even as high as twice the spinner of the prior art. , The height of the spinner is increased by, for example, about 40 mm to 80 mm. This increase in height is done to increase the total number of perforations, and the increase in the number of perforations thus imparted increases the number of glasses, ie, the primary stream, into the elongated gas streams, thereby conserving energy again.

Detailed descriptions of FIGS. 2 to 9 will be described below. The embodiment described in FIG. 2 will be described. A central spinner support (attach) shaft 10 is provided and a lower structure 24 is mounted at the bottom to support the spinner, generally denoted 25. In the first embodiment, an annular thread 20 having an annular blast ejection orifice 21 is provided for ejecting the elongated blast adjacent to the peripheral wall of the spinner. The diameter of the spinner of FIG. 2 is slightly larger than that of the spinner of FIG. 1 and the peripheral wall 36 is increasing in thickness toward the lower end again. At the bottom of the circumferential wall is provided a flange 27 to be inward, which is gradually thickened radially inwardly so that the axial dimension of its inner end is at least equal to the average thickness of the circumferential wall 26, Preferably it is thicker than the maximum thickness of the peripheral wall 26, whereby a brace for resisting the curvature in the central region of the peripheral wall 26 is given as described above.

In FIG. 2, the dispensing basket 28 is attached to the center of the spinner and is equipped with a series of peripheral perforations 29. Glass S enters the dispensing basket from above as shown in FIG. 1 and discharges the glass 30 outward in the radial direction by the rotation of the dispensing basket 28.

Instead of discharging glass 30 directly into the periphery of the spinner, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, a relay device inserted between the dispensing (supply) basket and the periphery of the spinner is provided and is provided inside the annulus. A relay perforation in the form of an open funnel 31 and provided at intervals for discharging glass 32 on the peripheral wall of the spinner is provided at the bottom of the funnel. In this first described embodiment, an orifice for discharging glass is installed in the upper region of the perforated wall of the spinner so as to discharge all of the fiberized glass so that it does not obstruct downward flow as described elsewhere. Creates laminar flow.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, it should be noted that although the spinner diameter of FIG. 2 is larger than the spinner diameter of FIG. 1, the diameter of the distribution (supply) basket 28 is smaller than the diameter of the distribution basket of FIG. This ratio of the part in question is desirable. The reason for this is that in the case of the distribution basket having the same diameter as that of the basket 17 shown in FIG. 1, even the distance from the distribution basket to the spinner perforated wall impairs the uniformity of the discharged glass, and the glass irregularities. A wave flow is generated, and as a result, a small portion of the glass flow is discharged from the upper end of the spinner wall to the lower spinner wall area. This is not desirable. The reason is that, in the present invention, substantially all of the glass is discharged to a plane having an orifice of substantially uppermost insulation of the peripheral wall so as to descend from the top of the spinner peripheral wall and generate a desired unobstructed laminar flow flowing at the bottom of the peripheral wall. Because it is intended.

Dispensing of the glass by using a dispensing basket 28 with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the dispensing basket shown in FIG. 1 and furthermore by using a relay device such as the annular fennel 31 shown in FIG. This can be performed more accurately in the reverse of the top insulation. The funnel 31 is attached on top of a portion 24 of the hub structure by a basket support structure as shown in outline 31a. This attachment surface preferably contains' insulation means (for example as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8).

As shown in FIG. 1, the high frequency temperature heater 23 is used in the case of FIG. 2 in order to keep the temperature of the upper end and the lower end of the spinner circumferential wall preferably the same.

3 illustrates an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 2, and the same reference numerals as those of FIG. 2 are used in FIG. 3 for structural parts similar to or similar to those of FIG. 2. The spinner 25 and the dispensing basket 28 actually have the same structure as in FIG. 2, but in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the embodiment of FIG. 3 is a relay device 33 different from the funnel 31 instead of the funnel 31 opening inside the annular state. It is provided. This apparatus 33 is comprised from the ring of the ring state attached on the hub structure by the bracket support material 33a (it comprises the insulation material as FIG. 7 and FIG. 8). The ring has a groove opening inwardly for receiving glass 30 discharged from the dispensing basket 28 and the lower end of the sphere is defined by a weir or overflow ridge 34 and consequently a relay ring. The glass stopped by 33 overflows and is discharged inside the circumferential wall of the spinner by centrifugal force. Preferably, the relaying 33 is positioned so that the overflow ridge is discharged to the orifice plane of the top row of the spinner wall.

The function of the embodiment of FIG. 3 is that in the case of funnel 31 of FIG. 2, the individual glasses 32 are discharged from the orifice at the bottom of the filter, while in FIG. 3 the glass is not an individual flow and is represented by 35. It is the same as FIG. 2 except the point sent out by the Lirie apparatus which makes a sheet-like form main body.

In the fourth embodiment, the spinner 36 shown in FIG. 4 has a longitudinal dimension that is substantially increased compared to the spinners of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. 4 uses a dispensing basket 28 similar to that described for FIG. 3, which discharges glass to the annular relay device 33 having the same structure as described for FIG. However, in FIG. 4, the relay device 33 does not discharge the glass directly to the inside of the spinner wall, but the funnel opened toward the inner side of the annular member attached to the structural member 38 connected to the spinner toward the top of the spinner installed in the spinner. It is discharged within 37.

Structural member 38 is usually cylindrical in shape with an annular socket 38a for receiving a lower end 36a mounted on the inward flange of the bottom of the spinner, the upper end of which is fixed to the neck of the spinner. Structural member 38 is also connected to bottom plate 38b. It is preferable that the structural member 38 and the bottom plate have holes arranged at intervals as shown. A ring-spaced anchor, or plaquette 39 (see FIG. 9), spreads out from the center of the spinner's circumferential wall and engages ring 39a that aligns with the circumferentially spaced socket 38c mounted on the support structural member 38. Used to attach. The circumferential spacing of the bracket 39 avoids papermaking or shelling to an extent that allows laminar flow of glass on the inner surface of the circumferential wall. The mutual registration of 36a to 38a and 39 to 38c gives a weir structure in which the support structure member 38 and the relative vertical expansion and contraction of the circumferential wall of the spinner are material. This support structure, in particular the members 39, 39a and 38c, is also an effective reinforcing member of the circumferential wall of the spinner, thereby inhibiting the curvature on the outside of the circumferential wall under the action of centrifugal force.

The advantage of this structure is that the support member is kept at a lower temperature; For example, the spinner circumferential wall may have a temperature of about 1050 ° C. during operation and the support member may be about 600 ° C. and thus be in a more rigid state.

Details of the structure of the laylay funnel 37 and the supporting (attaching) structural member 38 will be described in an enlarged sectional view of FIG. It can be seen from this figure that each discharge hole 40 at the bottom of the filter is installed at a position such that the glass flows through the hole 41 made in the direction of the direction in the support structure member 38. The space of the bracket 39 mounted around the spinner wall makes it possible to minimize the development of the desired laminar flow of the glass from the top to the bottom of the spinner.

The other part of the device, for example the annular chamber and annular orifice and the heating element 23 for the Jounal mounting exhaust gas, are all as already described.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the structure of the spinner 42 is similar to the spinner 36 of FIG. 4, but the spinner of FIG. 5 has a smaller diameter and the diameter of the dispensing basket shown in FIG. A slightly larger diameter dispensing basket has a central dispensing basket 43, which has a periphery for feeding glass 44 directly into the relay filter 37 instead of describing the overflow relaying 33. This embodiment includes a bottom plate 38b in which the center of the support structure member 38 is cut and a contact member with the peripheral wall of the spinner as described above with respect to FIG.

Although it is used for the peripheral wall of uniform thickness with various characteristics of the flue gas of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, it is preferable that the wall thickness increases toward the bottom end for the reason already described.

The structure in FIG. 6 can be described like the structure in FIG. 3, and spinner 25 is the same as the spinner in FIG. On top of that, the distribution basket 28 is the same as in FIG. 3, but in FIG. 6 the overflow relaying 45 is used and this ring of this embodiment (see FIG. 7) is attached to the hub structure as in FIG. And directly attaches to a portion of the spinner wall itself.

In the detailed view according to FIGS. 7 and 8, in both cases the relay device (37 in FIG. 8 and 45 in FIG. 7) has an insertion layer of insulating material 46, which is removed from the relay device. By reducing the heat transfer to the spinner, the embodiments of FIGS. 4, 5 and 8 are arranged to reduce the heat transfer to the support structure member 38.

The glass composition is described below.

A highly preferred feature of the present invention is that its structural and operational requirements are used for a wide range of glass compositions.

In doing so, the structural and operational requirements of the processing are used independently or in combination with many already known thinning glass compositions, including "soft" glass. In addition, the individual features and their assembly are used for any kind of glass composition not conventionally used in the prior art fiberization operation using centrifugal spinners for injecting primary glass into the elongated blast. Indeed, the use of substrate spinners and techniques herein facilitates the use of glass compositions which were not practical for use as prior art spinner devices due to the relatively high devitrification temperature required for a variety of reasons, particularly requiring the use of relatively high spinner temperatures. Can be used. If such a high spinner temperature is used as the spinner of the prior art, the spinner deteriorates (corrosion of the spinner and / or curvature on the outside), which results in the spinner not having a practical or industrial life. In fact, in the case of glass compositions intended to be used with the techniques of the present invention, it is virtually impossible to fiberize using the prior art shifters.

Furthermore, the present invention intends to use any type of glass composition that has not been known in the art that has the desired temperature and viscosity properties that are particularly suitable for use in the improved techniques described herein, and these novel glass compositions Shall not contain florin, which has been normally used individually or as assembled during the formulation of glass compositions used for fiberization by the spinner technique, and shall not contain the florin compound in barium and neither the boron compound nor the barium compound, or both It is also advantageous in that it does not contain a phase. As a result, their particular glass compositions are particularly advantageous since they are economical and do not lead to environmental pollution problems. Fibers with improved temperature resistance properties are produced by the novel compositions having relatively high melting points and devitrification temperatures described herein. Thus, thermally insulating products made from such novel glass compositions are used at high temperatures, such as from about 450 ° C. to 500 ° C., compared to the temperature of about 400 ° C. for fiber products made from various known “soft” glass fibers. It can also be safely used for applications.

Preferred glass compositions intended as the improved techniques described herein are not only characterized by the various properties described above, but also preferably have compositions consistent with the examples and ranges described below. Before considering such a glass composition, the viscosity of glass at the operating temperature of fiberization was about 1000 poise under the conditions of a commercial prior art. In this way, a low devitrification temperature is explored and such a low temperature is achieved by the addition of the Florin compound or by the addition of even the boron or barium compound. Contrary to this, an improved technique using the novel glass composition described herein has a viscosity of about 5000 poise as the spinner's operating temperature and a spinner temperature of 1030 ° C to 1050 ° C, i.e. slightly above liquid level. do.

It should be noted again that the various glass compositions known and used conventionally can be used with respect to the various glass compositions using the devices and techniques described herein. Particularly preferred results, however, are obtained when using any kind of composition which is not already known and not used conventionally or which is not well suited to use the spinner technique according to the prior art.

The composition of 8 different kinds of compositions falling in the above-mentioned range is revealed in the following 1st table | surface. Except for small amounts of unidentified impurities, all values are parts by weight. This first table also reveals the main properties of these eight compositions.

TABLE 1

Regarding the percentages of the components of the above-mentioned species, the first table shows the numerical values from the analysis of the actual sample glass, but the changes in the chemical composition of the batch components, and the changes, weights and chemical analyzes resulting from evaporation in the glass melting furnace. Because of the degree of measurability, it is appropriate to have a slight range of ± 5% for each component, and to keep it within the full range described in column C of Table 2.

Composition 0 may be fiberized by any kind of known spinner technique, but the production rate, ie withdrawal rate, of the composition by the known technique is unacceptably low, so the fiberization operation of the composition as described above is economically performed from an industrial standpoint. It is impossible. However, according to the technique of the present invention composition 0 is also used economically.

Other glass compositions cannot be fibrillated on an industrial basis by known centrifugal spinner techniques. In contrast, none of these other compositions are conventionally unknown, of which Composition 6 is preferred. The techniques and apparatus described herein can be used with a very wide range of glass compositions, for example glass compositions as shown in column A of Table 3.

TABLE II

Within the range of column A, it is preferable to use a composition in which clay is balanced on one side and devitrification temperature and water resistance on the other, which is particularly difficult when using glass prescribed by the prior art.

Columns B and C in the second table give a range for the glass compositions containing manganese and they are formulated to be balanced above.

The glass of column B contains a small amount of bronze and elsewhere contains a small amount of varicose.

In this regard the glass of column C, for example glass such as 5, 6 and 7 of the first table, is a novel composition. These are compositions containing manganese and iron from which barium and boron are not consciously added. However, some trace amount may be present.

Hereinafter, the spinner alloy will be described.

When using a portion of the hardest glass having a viscosity of about 1000 boise at a temperature of about 1150 ° C. or more and a devitrification temperature of about 1030 ° C., the use of a spinner made of an alloy of a special composition may exceed the required temperature. In the invention, it is used. Furthermore, if this alloy is used in the case of soft glass, the life of the spinner is increased. Such an alloy has the following composition. Here, part is a weight part.

TABLE III

This kind of alloy is particularly preferred for large diameter spinners, for example at least 400 mm in diameter. In addition to the so-called hard glass fibres, the use of the above-mentioned spinner alloys enables the fiberization of a wide range of compositions, including hard and soft glass, and in the latter case (soft glass), the spinner alloy can be used to Is increased. In this way, the spinner made of the new alloy is used for glass having a composition within the range shown in the fourth table below.

TABLE IV

Claims (1)

Glass fiber composition for fiberization which has the following composition as a weight part

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