KR840000680B1 - Composition suitable for mechanical power transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

Compsn. used in mechanical power transmission units comprises a hydrocarbon oil having 19-30C atoms and 3 six-membered carboxylic rings, consisting of a mixt. of compounds of formula (I); and a minor amt. of antioxidant. In the formula, R1 is (un)branched CyH2y where y is 1-3; R2 is (CH2) 1-3; R3-R5 are 1-4C alkyl; l, m and n are 0-3; x is 0 or 1. Rings A and B are hydrogenated benzene rings and ring C is a hydrogenated bezene fing when x is O. The hydrogenated benzene rings are at least 80% but below 100% satd. with hydrogen based on theoretical observation and the hydrocarbon oil is otherwise unsatd.

Description

Lubricant composition for power train

The present invention relates to a composition suitable for use in a mechanical power transfer unit. In particular, the present invention relates to a composition suitable for use with a traction drive and a process for operating the traction drive.

To date, gears and hydraulics have been used for power transmission or speed control. A drive system called a traction drive (cloud drive device), which is point-contacted or line-contacted between rolling bodies, is recognized. This traction drive is particularly suitable for industrial machinery, as it exhibits high power transmission efficiency without vibrations in geared devices and similar forms of assembly.

The fluid inserted between the contacts of such a traction drive should be selected from the functional point of view of the most suitable lubricant. In particular, the fluid interposed between the contacts may be reversible glass transition and increase the viscosity, increase the power transfer efficiency between the rolling contact surfaces under high pressure, and immediately return to their original fluid state when away from such contact surfaces. It is required. It can also be any type of lubricant that prevents direct contact between metal objects, prevents the metal body from trembling, abrasion and weakening, and fulfills an important function of preventing the occurrence of rust and temperature rise. Friction or traction drive devices for transmitting power have been described in many reports in the prior art.

U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,394,603 and 3,411,369, detailed in the Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol. 5, No. 4, p. 499-507 (1960), Hewko et al., Proceedings of the Symposium on Rolling Contlct Phenomena, pp 157-185 (1962), Elsevier, Amsterdap, The Netherlands.

Compositions for use in traction drives include mineral oils (Japanese Patent Publication No. 24,635 / 1964,), mixtures of dialkyl aromatic hydrocarbons and diaryl alkanes (Japanese Patent Publication No. 31,828 / 1973), and adamantanes (Japanese Patent Publication) Many materials have been proposed including 42,067 / 1973 and 42,068 / 1973), polyolefins (Japanese Patents KOKAI 4,766 / 1971 and 2,299 / 1972) and alkylnaphthalenes (US Pat. No. 2,549,377). Japanese Patent KOKAI 40, 726/1980 proposes a liquid obtainable by hydrogenating bis- (α-methylbenzyltoluene) and or bis- (α-methylbenzyl) -xylene.

In addition, there have been many proposals related to naphthenic oil having a naphthenic ring. These naphthenic oils include, for example, dicyclohexylethane (US Pat. No. 3,577,361), dicyclohexylpropane (Japanese Patent Publication No. 36, 105/1978), hydrogenated condensed cyclic compound (US Pat. No. 3,411, 369), naphthenes containing at least one saturated carbon-containing cyclic ring (US Pat. No. 3, 440, 894), naphthenes having at least two saturated-carbon-containing cyclic rings (US Pat. 925, 217) and mixtures of naphthenes and paraffins (US Pat. Nos. 3,595, 796 and 3, 595, 799) and the like, and hydrogenated products obtained by alkylating xylene and / or toluene with styrene again. The oil obtained by making it make (Japanese Patent KOKAI No. 43, 108/1980) belongs.

U.S. Patent Nos. 3,440,894 and 3,925,217 mention a wide range of naprene compounds, including the above, and cite a large number of naprenes, for example. Among the compounds described therein, compounds having three or more hydrogenated rings, including, for example, leclocyclohex, 1,2,3-tricyclohexylpropane and tricyclohexylmethane, are limited to a small number. Although they have a high traction rate, they are not used well in practice because of their high viscosity and high crystal precipitation temperature. From the prior art, naphthenic oils comprising hydrogenation rings have significant lubricant properties, especially for traction drives.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide novel compositions suitable for use in mechanical power transmission devices. Another object of the invention is to provide such a composition which has better traction properties and other properties such as oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance and which can be easily synthesized on a commercial scale from cheap raw materials. Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel method of operating the traction drive. Other objects are to avoid the drawbacks of the prior art and to achieve such advantages as indicated in the above description.

The above-mentioned object is a machine which is characterized by inherently containing a small amount of antioxidant in a mixture with a hydrocarbon oil consisting of a mixture of compounds having 19 to 30 carbon atoms, having a 6-membered carbocyclic ring and having the following formula: It can be accomplished by preparing a composition suitable for use in a typical power transfer unit.

In the above formula,

R ¹ is a divalent straight or branched radical_C _y H _y , where y is an integer from 1 to 3,

R ² is a straight chain radical C _z H 2 _z , where z is an integer of 1 to 3,

R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are the same or different alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

l, m and n are each an integer of 0 to 3,

X is 0 or 1,

Rings A and B are hydrogenated benzene rings, ring C is hydrogenated benzene ring when X is 1, hydrogenated banzen ring or cyclohexane ring when X is 0, and the above-mentioned hydrogenated benzene ring is theoretically up to 100% But at least 80% saturated with hydrogen and the hydrocarbon oil is otherwise unsaturated. Advantageously, the ring is saturated by at least 95%.

In one form of the invention, it is preferred that X is 1 in the formula and Y is 0 in another formula. Preferred compounds in such cases include hydrogenated 1- (benzylphenyl) -1-phenylethane, 0-2 ethyl substituents and 0-2 ethyl substituents containing 0-2 ethyl substituents and 0-2 ethyl substituents. Hydrogenated dibenzylbenzene containing, hydrogenated benzylbiphenyl containing 0 to 2 methyl substituents and 0 to 2 ethyl substituents, and hydrogenated 1-ratio comprising 0 to 2 ethyl substituents and 0 to 2 ethyl substituents Phenyl-1-phenylethane and the like.

Advantageously, the composition further comprises 100 parts of alkylcyclohexane, preferably 10 to 60 parts, containing 9 to 20 carbon atoms, for each 100 parts of hydrocarbon described above.

The invention also relates to a method of operating a traction drive having contact or point contact portions between rolling solidbodies that are smooth by contact with the composition.

Therefore, the hydrogenated benzene ring in the world in it is bound in two lines, i.e., through the medium of C _y H _2y and C _z H _2z , or two hydrogenated benzene rings are attached to the C _y H _2y group and hydrogenated benzene. Mixtures of hydrocarbons having a skeleton in which the cyclohexane ring is bonded directly in a straight line or in which the cyclohexane ring is bonded to one of them without any interference chain, due to its unique molecular structure, are particularly effective in satisfying the object of the present invention.

The main component of the hydrocarbon oil of the present invention for use in a mechanical power transmission device is a naphthenic-type compound represented by the above general formula I, which contains 19 to 30 carbon atoms and three hydrocarbonbenzene rings, wherein

And y and z in R ¹ and R ² are each 1,2 or 3, preferably y is 1 or 2,

R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms,

l, m and n are each 0,1,3 or preferably 0,1,2 or 3 and preferably 0,1 or 2,

X is 0 or 1.

When X is 1, the compound of general formula (I) may be represented by general formula (II). Therefore, when X is 0, this compound may be represented by general formula (III).

In the above formula,

R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , l, m and n have the same meaning as previously defined, and ring C of formula (III) is a hydrogenated benzene or cyclohexane ring.

When X is 1, the compound represented by general time (I) includes hydrogenated debenzylbenzenes, hydrogenated (methylbenzyl) -benzylbenzenes, hydrogenated (dimethylbenzyl) -benzylbenzenes, and hydrogenated di- (methylbenzyl) benzenes. , Hydrogenated (ethylbenzyl) -benzylbenzels, hydrogenated di- (ethylbenzyl) benzenes, hydrogen (diethylbenzyl) -benzylbenzenes, hydrogenated dibenzyltoluenes, hydrogenated dibenzyl-dimethylbenzenes, hydrogenated dibenzyl- Ethyl benzenes, hydrogenated (methylbenzyl) -benzyltoluenes, (dimethylbenzyl) -benzyltoluenes, hydrogenated (ethylbenzyl) -benzyltoluenes, hydrogenated di- (methylbenzyl) toluenes, hydrogenated di- (ethylbenzyl) Toluene, hydrogenated di- (methylbenzyl) xylene, hydrogenated 1,1- (benzylphenyl) -phenylethane, hydrogenated 7-[(methylbenzyl) -phenyl] -phenylethane, hydrogenated 1,1- (benzyl Phenyl) (methylphenyl) -ethanes, hydrogenated 1,1- (benzylmethylphenyl) -phenylethanes, hydrogenated 1,1- (benzylphenyl) (ethylphenyl) ethanes, hydrogenated 1,1- (benzylethylphenyl)- Phenyl Tanryu, hydrogenated phenethyl benzyl benzene acids, hydrogenated phenethyl benzyl toluene, etc., hydrogenated diphenyl benzenes, and hydrogenated dipentene ethyltoluene acids such as belongs.

Among the compounds represented by the general formula (II) described above, hydrogenated dibenzylbenzenes and hydrogenated (benzylphenyl) -phenylethanes or derivatives thereof containing 1 to 2 methyl or ethyl substituents, in particular hydrogenated dibenzyltoluenes, are It is particularly suitable for the purpose of the invention.

When X is 0, the compound represented by general formula (I) mentioned above includes hydrogenated benzyl biphenyls, hydrogenated benzyl monomethyl-biphenyls, hydrogenated benzyl-dimethyl-biphenyls, hydrogenated benzyl-trimethyl-biphenyls, Hydrogenated benzyl-monoethyl-biphenyl, hydrogenated benzyl-diethyl-biphenyl, hydrogenated benzyl-triethyl-biphenyl, hydrogenated biphenylyltolyl-methane, hydrogenated (methyl-biphenylyl) tolyl-methane , Hydrogenated (dimethylbiphenylyl) tolyl-methane, hydrogenated (trimethylbiphenylyl) tolyl-methane, (ethylbiphenylyl) tolyl-methane, hydrogenated (dimethylbiphenylyl) tolyl-methane, hydrogenated (Biphenylyl) (ethylphenyl) ethane, hydrogenated (methylbiphenylyl) (ethylphenyl) -methane, hydrogenated (dimethyl-biphenylyl) (ethylphenyl) -methane, hydrogenated (trimethylbiphenylyl) (Ethylphenyl) -methane, hydrogenated (ethylbiphenylyl) (ethylphenyl) -methane, hydrogenated (diethylbiphenylyl) (ethylphenyl) -methane, hydrogenated 1-biphenylyl-1- Nyl-ethane, hydrogenated 1- (methylbiphenyl) -1-phenylethane, hydrogenated 1- (dimethylbiphenyl) -1-phenylethane, hydrogenated 1- (ethylbiphenylyl) -1-phenylethane Hydrogenated 1- (diethylbiphenyl) -1-phenylethane, hydrogenated 1-biphenylyl-1- (methylphenyl) ethane, hydrogenated 1- (ethylbiphenylyl) -1- (methylphenyl) ethane, Hydrogenated 1- (methylbiphenylyl) -1- (methylphenyl) ethane, hydrogenated 1-biphenylyl-1- (ethylphenyl) ethane, hydrogenated 1- (methylbiphenylyl) -1- (ethylphenyl) Ethanes, hydrogenated 1- (dimethylbiphenylyl) -1- (ethylphenyl) ethanes, hydrogenated 1- (dimethylbiphenylyl) -1- (ethylphenyl) ethanes, hydrogenated 1- (ethylbiphenylyl) -1- (ethylphenyl) ethane, phenethyl biphenyl hydride, phenethyl-methyl biphenyl hydride, phenethyl dimethyl biphenyl hydride, phenethyl-ethyl biphenyl hydride, phenethyl-diethyl hydride Biphenyls, hydrogenated (methylphenethyl) biphenyls, hydrogenated (methylphenethyl) -methylbiphenyl, hydrogenated (methylphene ) Belongs to the ethyl biphenyls, and hydrogenation (ethyl-phenethyl) biphenyls.

Among the compounds represented by the above general formula (III), hydrogenated benzylbiphenyls or derivatives thereof containing 1 or 2 methyl or ethyl substituents are particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention.

For example, compounds of formula (II) such as hydrogenated dibenzylbenzenes are obtained by hydrogenating dibenzylbenzene obtained from the reaction of benzyl halides and benzene in the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalyst. Lose. Among other benzyl halides, benzyl chloride is advantageously used. Advantageously, benzyl halides are used in the amount of 1 mol or less per mole of benzene, Preferably it is used in the range of 0.1-0.5 mol. Among the other compounds which can be used as Friedel-Crafts catalysts, sulfuric acid, boron trifluoride and aluminum chloride are particularly suitable, with aluminum chloride being the best choice. The amount of aluminum chloride used is preferably in the range of 0.0001 to 0.1 moles per mole of benzyl chloride. Although reaction temperature can be selected in the range of 20 degreeC-150 degreeC, the range of 40 degreeC-80 degreeC is preferable. Although the reaction pressure should only exceed the lowest level needed to keep the contents of the reactor liquid, a pressure in the range of 0 to 10 kg / cm ² G is advantageous for the reaction. This reaction produces, as its product, dibenzylbenzene which is a mixture of ortho, meta and para isomers. These isomers are hydrogenated in mixed form or in separate forms, respectively. Prior to hydrogenation, the Friedel-Krafts catalyst is removed from the reaction mixture by washing with water and the unreacted portion of the reactants and by-products of the reaction are released from the reaction mixture by distillation to separate dibenzylbenzene. The separated reaction product is then treated in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to hydrogenate it.

As the hydrogenation catalyst, platinum, palladium, todium, rurenium or nickel catalysts act advantageously. The nickel catalyst is used in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 20% by weight. The molar temperature of hydrogen for hydrogenation 9 moles or more per mole of dibenzylbenzene, preferably 1.1 times the molar ratio described above is used. The reaction temperature of hydrogenation is 100 degreeC-Preferably it is 140 degreeC-170 degreeC. When the hydrogenation proceeds up to the predetermined hydrogenation ratio, the reaction is stopped and the hydrogenated dibenzylbenzene is separated. Simply by removing the catalyst used, the reaction product can be obtained separately. It can be effectively separated by any use of any conventional method used for filtration or lubricant treatment such as activated clay treatment. If necessary, distillation can be employed for this purpose. However, by distillation, it is very difficult to separate fully hydrogenated dibenzylbenzene and partially hydrogenated dibenzylbenzene or to separate isomers, so unless the reaction produces a low boiling compound as a byproduct, There is little benefit from distillation.

Alkyl-substituted dibenzylbenzene can be produced by substituting benzene or benzyl halide or both together with alkyl-substituted benzene or alkyl-substituted benzyl halides as raw materials and using these raw materials in appropriate combinations. It can produce by mix | blending suitably for this purpose. Suitable alkyl-substituted benzenes for this purpose include toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, xylene, cumene, diethylbenzene and methylethylbenzene. Suitable alkyl-substituted benzyl halides for that purpose belong to derivatives of benzyl halides, including monomethyl or monoethyl substituents. When such an alkyl-substituted material is adopted, the reaction can be carried out under similar conditions as described above and the hydrogenation can be carried out similarly.

When the compound represented by the above general formula is used in place of the above-described benzyl halides or alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof, hydrogenated diphenethyl benzene or alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof can be obtained.

Where

R ³ and l have the same meaning as previously defined and X represents halogen.

In a preferred embodiment of the process for preparing the compounds of the present invention, diphenyl alkanes and benzyl halides are reacted in the presence of Friedel-Krafts catalyst to provide (benzylphenyl) -phenyl alkanes, followed by the reaction product. The hydrogenated (benzylphenyl) -phenyl alkane-type compound is obtained by hydrogenating. In this case, when 1,1-diphenyl alkane is used as the diphenyl alkan, a hydrogenated 1- (benzylphenyl) -1-phenyl alkane-type compound is produced. The use of alkyl-substituted 1,1-diphenyl alkanes or alkyl-substituted benzyl halides or both produces hydrogenated alkyl-substituted 1- (benzylphenyl) -1-phenyl alkane-type compounds. Hydrogenated 1- (benzylphenyl) -3-phenyl alkane-type compounds are obtained when 1,3-diphenyl alkanes are used as diphenyl alkanes and 1-benzylphenyl- when 1,2-diphenyl alkanes are used. 2-phenyl alkanes or 2-benzylphenyl-1-phenyl alkanes are obtained. In all these cases, the kind of Friedel-Crafts catalyst, Friedel-Krafts reaction conditions of alkyl halides, hydrogenation conditions, and the like are the same as those defined above. The above-mentioned 1,1-diphenyl alkanes can be obtained by reaction of ethylbenzene or styrene and benzene in the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalyst.

For example, compounds of formula (IV), such as hydrogenated benzylbiphenyl, are formulated by hydrogenating benzylbiphenyls obtained from the reaction of benzyl halides and biphenyls in the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalysts. Similarly obtained. In this case, the amount of aluminum chloride used is preferably in the range of 0.0001 to 0.05 moles per mole of benzyl chloride. The reaction temperature is preferably selected in the range of 70 ° to 100 ° C., although the reaction temperature may be selected from the level exceeding the melting point of the included biphenyls to 180 ° C. Although the reaction pressure should exceed the lowest level needed to keep the contents of the reactor in a liquid state, the range of 0 to 50 kg / cm 2 G is preferred. This reaction produces, as its product, benzylbiphenyl, a mixture of ortho, mera and paraisomers. These isomers can be hydrogenated, either in mixed form or in separate forms, respectively. Prior to hydrogenation, the reaction mixture is washed with water and distilled to effectively remove unreacted reactants and the Friedel-Crafts catalyst and to separate benzylbiphenyl.

The isolated benzylbiphenyl is then hydrogenated by introducing hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. In this case, the conditions for the hydrogenation are the same as those applied to the hydrogenation for the production of the compound of general formula (II).

The production of hydrogenated alkyl-substituted benzylbiphenyl is substituted with biphenyl or benzyl halide or both as the starting material, alkyl-substituted biphenyl or alkyl-substituted benzyl halide or both, and used in combination of these raw materials as appropriate. Can be achieved. Suitable alkyl-substituted biphenyls include monomethylbiphenyl, monoethylbiphenyl, monopropylbiphenyl, dimethylbiphenyl, diethylbiphenyl, methylethylbiphenyl and the like. And suitable alkyl-substituted benzyl halides are derivatives of benzyl halides bound to monomethyl, monoethyl and other similar substituents. When these alkyl-substituted derivatives are used, the reaction can be in the same conditions as described above. Hydrogenation can also be performed similarly.

When the compound represented by the following general structural formula is used in place of the above-described benzyl halides or alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof, phenethyl hydride phenyl or alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof can be obtained.

In the above formula,

R ₃ and l have the same meaning as previously defined and x means halogen.

Another preferred embodiment of the preparation of the compounds of the invention consists in reacting cyclohexylbenzene or biphenyl with styrene in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst and hydrogenating the resulting reaction product. Suitable Friedel-Crafts catalysts for this reaction include boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride and sulfuric acid. When sulfuric acid is used as the catalyst, the amount of catalyst is preferably in the range of 5 to 50% by weight based on the amount of biphenyl contained. In order to prevent styrene polymerization which is otherwise possible in the reaction, cyclohexylbenzene or biphenyl and styrene are preferably used in an equimolar or almost equimolar ratio. It is preferable to drop reaction temperature in the low, 0 degreeC-30 degreeC state. At the end of the reaction, the reaction mixture is washed with water to effectively remove the catalyst used, and then 1- (biphenylyl) -1-phenylethane or 1- (chlorohexylphenyl) -1-phenylethane is effectively separated as reaction product. Distillation to

When the compound is hydrogenated in the same manner as described above, hydrogenated 1- (biphenyl,) -1-phenylethane is produced.

If a similar procedure is repeated using cyclohexylbenzene or biphenyl or styrene dash alkyl-substituted cyclohexylbenzene or alkyl-substituted biphenyl or alkyl-substituted styrene, respectively, alkyl-substituted hydrogenated 1- (biphenylyl) -1- Phenylethane is obtained. Alkyl-substituted cyclohexyl benzenes suitable for use for the purpose include cyclohexylmethylbenzenes, cyclohexyl-ethylbenzenes, cyclohexyl-propylbenzenes, cyclohexyl-dimethylbenzenes, cyclohexyl-diethylbenzenes, ( Methylcyclohexyl) benzenes, (dimethyl-cyclohexyl) benzenes, (ethylcyclohexyl) benzenes, (diethyl-cyclohexyl) benzenes, and mixtures thereof and the like. Alkyl-substituted biphenyls suitably useful herein are the same as those recited above. Suitable alkyl-substituted styrenes include compounds represented by the following structural formulas, a typical example of which is vinyltoluene.

Where

R ³ and l have the same meaning as previously defined. In addition, α-methylstyrene can likewise be used advantageously. When such alkyl-substituted derivatives are used, the reaction can be carried out under similar conditions as described above. The compositions of the present invention for use in mechanical delivery devices can be used in separate forms. When it is mixed with the alkyl (C ₉ -C ₂₀ ) cyclohexane added thereto in an amount of about 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the compound of the invention, preferably in an amount of 10 to 60 parts by weight, the oil is It is possible to obtain compositions with varying viscosities that are useful for mechanical power trains, without actually degrading the properties expected to have to satisfy the function. Alkyl cyclohexanes suitable for this purpose can be obtained by hydrogenating alkylbenzenes obtained by reacting propylene trimers to pentamers with benzene.

The composition of the present invention may include other additives or by-products in addition to the original components, ie small amounts of antioxidants and hydrocarbon oils as described above, so long as the suitability for mechanical power transmission is not diminished. Therefore, the composition may contain antioxidants, antifoams and similar additives in addition to antioxidants. They may also contain small amounts of by-products that occur during the production of hydrocarbon oils represented by formula (I). However, it is preferable to avoid a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons or compounds having a double bond. Therefore, in producing the compound represented by the general formula (I) by hydrogenating the corresponding aromatic hydrocarbon, the hydrogenation is preferably carried out until reaching at least 80% complete state, preferably 95%. Substantially complete hydrogenation such as removal up to 1% is virtually impossible. However, even if a small amount of unsaturated compound is present, the object of the present invention is not impeded, so it is not necessary to completely remove the unsaturation. Therefore, the hydrocarbon oils which make up the original components of the compositions of the present invention are hydrogenated or isomers or mixtures of the components of the different stages, and can be used as described above or in combination with appropriate additives.

Thus, it can be understood that the hydrogenated compound of reference belongs to the hydrogenated compounds in theory by at least 80%, preferably 95%.

The traction coefficient of a given oil is usually measured using a traction drive unit. In the present invention can be measured using Soda's four-storter four roller machine friction tester. (T. Kimura and .Mmuraki "TRIBOLOGY", 1979 (12) p.255). Traction occurs at the contact surface of the subdivision formed between the roller located at the inner center and the three outer rollers located tangentially around the roller at the inner center. These rollers are arranged such that equal vertical loads urge the three contact surfaces. The pressure on the contact surface, expressed as the average hertz pressure, falls in the range of 0.575 to 1.157 GPa. Other conditions for determining the tendency by this tester are shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Determination condition of towing

Rotational Speed 1.05 ~ 4.19m / s

Sliding speed 0 ~ 0.22m / sec

Test Roller Material Bearing Gangcheon, SUJ-2

Strength (HV) 760 ~ 800

Size 400 mm x 9 mm (outer roller)

(Diameter X butterfly) 40mm * 5mm (center roller)

Lubricating method-dropping at 10ml / min in the flow volume

Supply oil temperature 28 ℃

The procedure for testing, first of all, causes the center and outer rollers to rotate at a fixed speed, utilizes the loads that press on these rollers, and then slid / cloud ratios to continuously measure the change in friction torque or traction coefficient. Including, while maintaining a constant speed of the central roller, and made to accelerate the rotational speed of the outer roller. Friction torque can be determined by measuring the torsional moment of the center-ssly-supported axis of the central roller directly with a resistance wire strain meter.

The traction coefficient measured under the conditions described above tends to initially rise in a straight line with an increasing slip / cloud ratio, reaches a peak and then begins to fall. Therefore, in the curves drawn, an important zone in terms of the actual use of oil is where it falls off at the beginning of the straight line, not much of the amount of heat generated by shearing the oil film. Therefore the traction coefficients in this band will be considered in particular in the following.

For example, under test conditions of an average Hertz pressure of 1.157 GPa and a rotational speed of 4.19 m / s, the following traction coefficients are obtained.

Crystals precipitate at room temperature.

In contrast, the traction coefficient of the compounds obtained by the present invention is as high as 0.095, which is certainly higher than that for the hydrocarbons described above. Thus, the products of the present invention are better than hydrogenated α-methylstyrene linear dimers, and are currently marketed as "best" synthetic traction fluids.

In addition to the traction coefficient and oxidative stability, compositions for mechanical power transfer require a pour point and freezing point of at least -10 ° C, with a viscosity of 7-150 cst at -40 ° C under atmospheric pressure.

As is apparent from the above, the above-mentioned compounds are not suitable as base oils of the composition for mechanical power transmission.

In addition, for a long time, in order to ensure safe operation, the composition for mechanical power transmission requires good sealing properties. The following table shows the sealability of the composition for mechanical power transfer, using a base oil having suitable viscosity and relatively good traction properties as the composition. The test is carried out for 70 hours at 120 ° C. for nitrile rubber (Buna N) and acrylic rubber based on the JIS K-6301 method.

The oils according to the invention can be used on their own, but it is a preferred method to add additives.

In addition to the traction characteristics described above, oils for use in traction drives include, for example, oxidative stability, resistance to corrosion of viscosity index meters, resistance to abrasion, rust resistance, rubber swelling and anti-foaming ability. It is necessary to have the expected properties of the same conventional lubricants. Therefore, depending on the nature of the suitable use additives such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and other similar alkyl phenols, dialkyl-dithiosulfate and other similar sulfur-phosphorus compounds may be formulated as antioxidants. Amines, esters and metal salts as rust inhibitors, polymethacrylates as viscosity index meters, silicone type polymers as antifoaming agents, and the like.

Now, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples. "Parts" or "%" mentioned in the following examples are by weight unless otherwise specified.

In the following examples, compositions suitable for use in traction drives include hydrogenated dibenzyltoluene in an amount of 0.5% by weight of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and zinc dialkyl-thiothiosulfate, respectively, as antioxidants. Or by adding to similar oils. The oil is tested for traction coefficients under the conditions described above and then subjected to oxidation by the procedure described in paragraph 3.2. (Test method for oxidation of internal combustion engine oil, Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K-2514-1980, Test method for oxidation stability of lubricant.

Example 1

Add 0.002 to 0.01 parts of aluminum chloride to 3 parts of toluene. The mixture is heated to 70 ° C. and then reacted with 1 part of benzyl chloride added thereto for 2 hours. The reaction mixture to remove the used catalyst is washed with water and then distilled to drain off the unreacted portion of the reaction. The dibenzyltoluene (mixture of isomers) thus obtained was fed into the autoclave and hydrogenated dibenzyltoluene (mixture of isomers) in the presence of a nickel catalyst and hydrogenated for 4 hours under conditions of 40 kg / cm ² G and 200 ° C initial hydrogen pressure. Is generated. General characteristics of this hydrogenated dibenzyltoluene are shown in Table 2. The results of the oxidation test are shown in Table 3. For comparison purposes, the same test is conducted with the commercially available hydrogenated-methylstyrene linear dimer-type oils and naphthenic mineral oils for traction drives.

Oxidation tests are carried out under the following conditions.

Volume of specimen 300ml hour 72 hours

Temperature 165 ℃ Oxidation Catalyst Copper and Cloth

Example 2

To 4 moles of 1.1-diphenylethane, 0.001 to 0.005 moles of aluminum chloride are added. The mixture is heated to 60 ° C. and reacted with 1 mole of benzyl chloride added thereto for 20 minutes. It is then washed with water to remove the spent catalyst and subsequently distilled to drain off the unreacted portion of the reactants. The separated 1- (benzylphenyl) -1-phenylethane (mixture of isomers) was fed to an autoclave, and in the presence of a nickel catalyst at an initial hydrogen pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 G at a temperature of 140 ° to 170 ° C. for 5 hours. Hydrogenation yields hydrogenated 1- (benzylphenyl) -1-phenylethane (mixture of isomers). General characteristics of this reaction product are shown in Table 2.

This product, the aforementioned compound, is subjected to a traction coefficient test and subjected to an oxidation test as described in paragraph 3.2 of JIS K-2514-1980.

The results are shown in Table 3.

Example 3

Except that 4 moles of monoethyl-substituted 1,1-diphenylethane were used instead of 1,1-diphenylethane, the method of Example 2 was carried out to give a mixture of the compounds of the following formula, hydrogenated monoethyl-substituted 1- ( Benzylphenyl) -1-phenimethane is obtained.

The general characteristics of this reaction product are shown in Table 2. This product, the aforementioned compound, is subjected to a traction coefficient test and the oxidation test described in paragraph 3.2 of JIS K-2514-1980. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 2

General characteristics

TABLE 3

Result of traction coefficient and oxidation test

Example 4

Add 0.001 to 0.005 parts of aluminum chloride to 5 parts of biphenyl. The mixture is heated to 70 ° C. and then reacted with 1 part of benzyl chloride added thereto for 20 minutes. The reaction mixture is washed with water to remove the catalyst used and then distilled to drain off the unreacted portion of the reactants. The resulting benzylbiphenyl (mixture of isomers) was fed into a 1 L autoclave and hydrogenated under a nickel catalyst at an initial hydrogen pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 G at 140 ° C. to 170 ° C. for 2 hours. Benzylbiphenyl (mixture of isomers) is obtained. General characteristics of this hydrogenated benzylbiphenyl are shown in Table 4.

A traction coefficient test was carried out with 0.5% by weight of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and dialkyl-ziothiosulfate and this compound synthesized as described above, according to JIS K-2514-1980. The oxidation test described in paragraph 3.2 is carried out.

The results are shown in Table 5.

Example 5

Except that 5 parts of monoethylbiphenyl and 0.03 parts of aluminum chloride are used, the method of Example 4 is carried out, and the structural formula

A mixture of the compounds of is obtained, hydrogenated benzyl-mono tilbiphenyl. The general characteristics of this reaction product are shown in Table 4. This product synthesized as described above is subjected to a traction coefficient test and subjected to the oxidation test detailed in paragraph 3.2 of JISK-2514-1980. The results are shown in Table 5.

Example 6

1 L of cyclohexylbenzene and 200 ml concentrated sulfuric acid are introduced into the reactor and the reaction mixture is maintained at 15 ° C. Then, 800 ml of the 1: 1 mixture of cyclohexylbenzene and styrene is added dropwise to the reaction mixture over 2 hours while maintaining the temperature of the mixture at 15 ° to 20 ° C. At the end of the dropwise addition of the mixture, 200 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid is added to continue the reaction for another 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is then washed repeatedly with water to remove residual sulfuric acid and then distilled to separate 1- (cyclohexylphenyl) -1-phenylethane (a mixture of structural isomers). 1 L of 1- (cyclohexylphenyl) -1-phenylethane was introduced into the autoclave and hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel catalyst for 2 hours under an initial hydrogen pressure of 100 kg / cm ² G at a temperature of 140 ° to 170 ° C. 1- (biphenylyl) -1-phenylethane (mixture of structural isomers) is obtained. General characteristics of this hydrogenation product are shown in Table 4.

The traction coefficient test is carried out with a composition suitable for the traction drive, prepared by combining the same additives as given above with this hydrogenation product, and the oxidation test described in paragraph 3.2 of JIS K-2514-1980 is drawn. The results are shown in Table 5.

Example 7

1 L of monoethylbiphenyl is used in place of cyclohexylbenzene, and 1 of monoethylbiphenyl and styrene; The procedure of Example 6 was carried out except that 800 ml of a mixture was used instead of a mixture of cyclohexylbenzene and styrene,

A mixture of the compounds of is obtained, hydrogenated 1- (ethylbiphenylyl) -1-phenylethane. The general nature of this product is shown in Table 4. The traction test is carried out with this product synthesized as described above, followed by the oxidation test described in paragraph 3.2 of JIS K-2514-1980. The results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 4

General characteristics

TABLE 5

Traction coefficient and results of oxidation test

Example 8

Dodecylbenzene obtained in the reaction with propylene tetramer and benzene was introduced into an autoclave and hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel catalyst for 4 hours under a temperature condition of an initial hydrogen pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 G 150 ° C. to obtain alkylcyclohexane. . The oil for the traction drive is mixed with 50 parts by volume of this alkylcyclohexane with 50 parts hydrogenated dibenzyltoluene obtained in Example 1 and based on the amount of the mixture, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol And 0.5% by weight of dialkyl-thiothiophosphoric acid, respectively, in combination with this mixture. The traction coefficient test is carried out with this fluid and the oxidation test described in paragraph 3.2 of JIS K-2514-1980 is carried out. The results are shown in Table 6.

Example 9

By carrying out the method of Example 8, an oil for a traction drive is prepared from 50 parts by volume of alkylcyclohexane obtained in Example 8 and 50 parts by volume of hydrogenated benzylbiphenyl obtained in Example 4. The same test as described in Example 8 is carried out. The results are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6

General characteristics

As can be seen in the examples, the addition of dodecylcyclohexane results in a composition having substantially low viscosity and low pour point, with no real loss in traction coefficient or oxidative stability.

As apparent modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, the invention is not intended to limit the details or the compounds themselves, compositions, methods or procedures, as described and indicated.

Claims (1)

For use in mechanical power transfer units, characterized by consisting of a hydrocarbon oil and a small amount of antioxidant, consisting of a mixture of compounds of formula (I) below having a carbon atom of 19 to 30 and a six-membered carbocyclic ring Suitable lubricant compositions as follows.

Wherein R ¹ is a divalent straight or branched radical C _y H _2z , where y is an integer of 1 to 3, and R ² is a straight radical C _z H2 _z , where z is an integer of 1 to 3 , R ³ , R ⁴ , and R ⁵ are the same or different alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, l, m and n are each an integer of 0 to 3, x is 0 or 1 and rings A and B are hydrogenated Is a benzene ring, where x is 1, ring C is a hydrogenated benzene ring and x is 0 is a hydrogenated benzene ring or a cyclohexane ring. The above-mentioned benzene ring is theoretically 100% or less but saturated with hydrogen to at least 80%. Whereas the hydrocarbon oil is unsaturated).