KR840000319B1 - Method for making fasteners - Google Patents

Abstract

A backing carries a non-fibrous uniform polymeric bonding layer in which are embedded the bights of multiple U-shaped oriented filaments, with protruding parallel legs formed with enlarged heads. These parallel headed stems are arrayed in parallel rows, pref. with stems of staggered adjacent rows. Pref. the stem length from base to head tip is 2.25-3 times the head diam. of 0.9-1 mm.

Description

Fastener manufacturing method

1 is a plan view of one of the fastener portions made in accordance with the present invention.

2 is a partial ablation perspective view of the fastener portion shown in FIG.

3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

4 and 5 are side views of the fastener made in accordance with the present invention, showing different arrangements of protrusions in engagement.

6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing the method according to the invention.

7, 8, 9 and 10 show different embodiments of fasteners made in accordance with the present invention.

11 illustrates another embodiment of a fastener made in accordance with the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method of making a two-part type fastener having at least one head fitting protrusions adapted to detachably mutually engage with another part.

The present invention provides a method for rapidly producing a fastener strip material at a cost significantly less than the cost of casting similar types of fasteners. In addition, the method provides great flexibility in the length and head size of the protrusions and the arrangement in which the protrusions are arranged as required for the particular application of the strip material.

The method according to the invention for producing strip material for fasteners is based on two strips in the same direction along parallel passages turning the arch guides from opposite directions, the strip being joined to a backing support for the final strip material. )). Polymer monofilaments are fed in the direction parallel to the parallel passage between the guides from the sides of the opposite guide of the parallel passage. Long striking rods laterally disposed in the passage alternately press the monofilament to engage with one of the rear support strips as it moves around the arch guides of the strip. Thus, the striking rod is joined to the strip at positions that are longitudinally apart (by means described in the following paragraph) along the strip where the U-shaped length of each filament is pressed against the strip so that the U-shaped length of the filament moves. The monofilament is then transferred midway between the strips to form two brushed halves. Then, the cuts of the monofilament protruding from the strip are heated to form a head having an arch cam surface on the opposite side of the strip, and the formed strip material can be cut into short lengths and used as a fastener.

If the strip material has a surface bonding layer of thermosoftening material, the bonding layer can be softened sufficiently and heated on the guide until the U-shaped length of the monofilament is inserted into the bonding layer by the striking rod. Alternatively, the monofilaments may be joined by covering the strip with an adhesive bond layer to which the U-shaped length is attached.

The monofilament may be completely dissolved in the bonding layer when the monofilament of the polymer material is made of the same material as that of the pressurized thermal softening layer.

In this manufacturing method, the spacing between the transverse stems on the strip can be adjusted to the spacing between the monofilaments supplied between the arch guides. The spacing between the stem portions of the U-shaped length of the monofilament is controlled by the thickness of the blade that presses the filaments into the strip.

The spacing between the longitudinal stem rows on the strip is controlled by the timing of the strip's speed when the monofilament is pressed so that the blade engages the strip. In addition, the length of the stem is controlled by the spacing between the strips along their parallel paths, and the head diameter formed in the stem portion is controlled by the amount of heat applied to the stem.

By this manufacturing method, the stem rows can be arranged in a rectangular arrangement with vertical and parallel rows and columns at the edges of the strips, with all stems spaced at equal intervals along each row. However, in such a uniform rectangular arrangement, the heads can be seen to be most firmly engaged when the stem rows of the two fastener sections are placed at an angle to each other, which is the fastener section in a direction parallel to the back support and stem rows. Make them suitable for cutting. Thus, it may be desirable to do one or more of the following.

(1) using the above technique to change the spacing of the stems along the rows extending to the longitudinal side of the strip, so that when the rows of two fastener portions having such changed spacing are joined at right angles to each other, a greater separation and shear strength To appear.

(2) When the user joins two fastener portions cut from the strip so that the edges are aligned (when expected to do so) so that the stems are not aligned parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the strip, Of the U-shaped filaments so that the rows intersect each other so that the strength to tensile and shear forces is maximized (this can be done by orienting all or part of the striking rods at an acute angle relative to the edge of the strip moving through the bond) By arranging the rows, (3) the stems of the continuous rows are not aligned and thus not tolerate the shear stresses at the ends of the strips (this is done by changing the position of the filaments apart at intervals supplied to the bond to the transverse sides of the strips). Slightly displace continuous rows of U-shaped filaments in the transverse direction of the strip.

-3배의 범위인 길이를 가져야 한다.The stem portion of the U-shaped filament is long and flexible enough to allow the heads of each part to move between the heads of the other parts when the parts are joined so that the heads can simultaneously pass through each other simultaneously in any direction of stem rows relative to each other. Should be To allow such a movement, the stem is at least equal to the maximum diameter of the head, preferably about the maximum diameter of the hydride.

It must have a length in the range of -3 times.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like parts in the drawings are designated by like numbers.

4 and 5 show a fastener 10 consisting of two identical parts 11, one of which is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, wherein the part is a strip material made according to the invention. Cut from 24.

Each part 11 comprises a backing support 12 having a non-fibrous polymer bonding layer 15. The bonding layer is bonded to a plurality of flexible, elastic U-shaped monofilaments 13 (FIGS. 2 and 3) made of a polymer material oriented in the longitudinal direction. Each monofilament 13 has two stem portions 14 which project at right angles from the exposed surface of the bonding layer 15 and extend from the ends of the bottom bend 17 of the monofilament 13. As can be seen in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the bends 17 of each part 11 are inserted and arranged parallel to the bonding layer 15. Hemispherical head 18 is formed at the free end of each stem 14, the head 18 having a hemispherical arch cam surface 20 which is joined to engage the cam surface 20 of the head 18 of the other part 11, FIG. The stem 14 deflects laterally when the heads 18 are moved towards each other such that the heads 18 can pass simultaneously such that the parts 11 engage each other in the manner shown in FIG. 5. In addition, each head 18 has a planar latching surface 21 which extends radially outwardly of the stem 14 and engages until a predetermined force is applied to separate the portions 11. It is adapted to engage the engaging surface 21 of one of the heads 18 of the other part 11 to maintain the engagement of the heads 18. Since the engaging surface 21 does not cam as large as the cam surface 20, the head 18 is shaped to require a force that is not greater than the force required to separate the portions, in joining the two portions 11.

The monofilament 13 is bonded to the back support 12 with its flexures 17 parallel to each other and parallel to the edge 19 of the back support 12. The bends 17 of monofilament 13 are arranged side by side to form a series of parallel rows, each monofilament row providing an aligned stem portion 14 and a head 18 of that row.

The stem portion 14 of each U-shaped monofilament 13 and the stem portion 14 of the adjacent row in the direction perpendicular to the length and the edge 19 of the bend 17 are its stem portions without the head 18 of the other monofilament 13 diffusing the step portions 14. Spaced apart so that they can be placed in between. However, the heads 18 of the stem 14 are spaced apart by less than the diameter of their heads so that the head 18 of the other part 11 can only move between them upon separation of the heads 18 due to the elastic deflection of the stem 14.

Adjacent rows of heads 18 of U-shaped monofilament 13 are spaced slightly apart from the spacing between adjacent heads 18 of each row or between the U-shaped monofilament heads 18 to provide the aforementioned advantages for the shear strength of fastener 10. .

This large spacing is determined such that the rear supports 12 of the part 11 remain parallel to each other and are sufficient to cause the heads of each part 11 to move simultaneously through each other, with the rows of U-shaped monofilaments arranged in some relative angular direction. However, this spacing is usually not greater than required for such engagement to provide the maximum breakaway force in part 11.

In addition to the surface layer 15, the back support 15 as shown has a pressure sensitive adhesive layer 22 on the surface of the bonding layer 15 opposite the U-shaped monofilament 13 and a removable liner 23 on the adhesive layer 22. have. Adhesive layer 22 provides firm attachment of portion 11 to the rigid surface.

6 schematically shows a process according to the invention for continuously producing strip material 24 which can be cut to a desired length to provide part 11. The two strips 26 of thermosoftening polymeric material provided in the backing support 12 as a bonding layer 15 extend in opposite directions from the feed roll 27, each with a friction clutch from the feed roll 27 to provide the strip 26 with the desired tension. Turn 28 to extend. From guide rollers 28, each strip 26 is rotated around an arch surface 30 of a plate 31 heated to a temperature suitable for softening the polymer strip 26. A commercially available extrusion take-off device 33 (e.g., New Jersey) It passes over an endless support belt 29 (made of aluminum) extending between one cushion belt 32 of Model 3-650-VT, manufactured by Palisade Park's "Telidine Ferris Engineering Company". The portions of the support belt 29 passing through the adjacent ends of the heating tube 31 provide a parallel arched support surface spaced apart and the strip 26 passes between the cushion belts 32 of the take-off device 33. It is transported in parallel passages between the parts of the support belt 29.

A number of flexible, resilient monofilaments 36 are guided between adjacent ends of the plate 31 by a guide 37 comprising a plurality of tubes arranged side by side with small, parallel and uniform spacing. In each tube one monofilament 36 is arranged. The pair of striking rods 39 is a retracted position (shown relative to the upper striking rod 39) away from the monofilament 36, and the end surface 42 of the striking rod 39 is heated and softened on the support belt 29 along the curved surface of 31. A passage for the monofilament to reciprocate in the guide 40, respectively, by the action of a driving means such as an air cylinder 41 between the pressing positions (positions shown relative to the lower striking rod 39) for pressing the monofilament 36 onto the polymer strip material 26. It is mounted on the opposite side. The end surface 42 of the striking rod 39 is convex to conform to the adjacent shape of the heating plate 31 and has a width sufficient to contact all the monofilaments 36 guided between the heating plate 31 and the base of the U-shaped length of the filament strips. It has a thickness suitable for forming the U-shaped length of monofilament 36 having a predetermined width base when pressing monofilament 36 into strip 26 to be inserted and bonded to 26.

The striking rod 39 is adapted to alternately strike the plate 31 such that the monofilament 36 extends perpendicularly to the opposing surfaces of the strip so as to form the laminate 43, alternately joined to one of the strips 26 and then to the other strip. do. The frequency of operation of the striking rod 39 and the speed of the take-off device 33 are adjusted to provide the desired spacing between the U-shaped lengths of the monofilament bonded to the strip 26. After the laminate 43 passes through the take-off device 33 so that the polymer strip 26 solidifies again, the laminate 43 engages a sharp blade 44 laterally disposed parallel to and in the middle between the opposing surfaces of the strip 26 of the structure 43. do. The blade 44 is reciprocated by the knife saw drive mechanism 45 to cut the stack 43 into two brushed halves 46, each of which has a plurality of U-shaped monofilaments 36 and one strip each having a protruding end. It consists of 26. Each half 46 is then guided along the separation passage past the heating plate 47, which heats the air around the protruding end of the monofilament 36 so that its ends soften to form a hemispherical head. From the heating plate 47, a half portion 46 having a head is guided to an apparatus for winding on a reel 49.

The method shown in FIG. 6 is capable of many improvements without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, strip 26 of polymeric material may be formed by an extruder head disposed adjacent to arch guide 31. The monofilament can be attached to the surface layer disposed on the strip 26 by an adhesive application between the roller and the guide 31, and the guide need not be heated unless heat is required to cure the adhesive. The knife 44 may also be replaced with a heat wire to provide a cutting step, which heat wire may provide a small fraction of the heat required to form the head.

7, 8, 9 and 10 show different embodiments of fasteners made from strip material produced by the method of the present invention, in which a structure similar to the structure of fastener portion 11 The numbers are similarly assigned except that one of the subscripts "a", "b", "c" or "d" is added to each number.

The part 50 of the fastener shown in FIG. 7 presses the monofilament 36 on the strip 26 to modify the striking rod 39 so that the end surface 42 of the striking rod is fixed at an acute angle with the edge of the passageway for the strip 26. It can be made according to the method shown. Similar to the fastener portion 11, the portion 50 has an elongated back support 12a with parallel edges 19a.

A plurality of flexible resilient U-shaped monofilaments 13a of longitudinally disposed polymeric material are bonded to the back support 12a. Each monofilament 13a is composed of a central bent portion 17a and two protruding stem portions 14a, and a head 18a is formed at the end of the stem portion to form the outer cam surface 20a. Also, like the fastener portion 11, the bends 17a of the U-shaped monofilament 13a are arranged parallel to each other and at the edge 19a and the groups of the plurality of bends 17a are arranged side by side, so that a plurality of parallel and straight rows of monofilaments 13a And anatomy 18a. However, in the fastener portion 50 of FIG. 7, the rows of monofilament 13a are arranged at an acute angle with the parallel edge 19a of the portion 50, the angle of which corresponds to the angle at which the striking rod is set.

8, 9 and 10 show another example fastener portion 60, 70, 80, and strip material can also be made in a method that adds one additional step to the method shown in FIG. Such a change may, for example, be applied to a serrated cam arrangement in which the heads are arranged in rows as shown in FIG. 9 so that the heads form fastener portions arranged in rows arranged as shown in FIG. Can be done by. Also, as shown in FIG. 10, such a change may be irregular. In some cases, stems 14b, 14c of continuous rows of U-shaped monofilaments 13b, 13c or 13d by approximately half the width of the gap between U-shaped monofilaments 13b, 13c or 13d in the direction perpendicular to edge 19b, 19c or 19d or A variant that displaces 14d may be desirable.

This results in no continuous passage between stems 14b, 14c or 14d in a direction parallel to edge 19b, 19c or 19d.

Like fastener portions 10 and 50, portions 60, 70 and 80 each have a backing support 12b, 12c or 12d with parallel edges 19b, 19c or 19d. A plurality of U-shaped monofilaments 13b, 13c or 13d of the flexible elasticity of the longitudinally disposed polymeric material are bonded to the bonding layer of the back support. Each monofilament 13b, 13c or 13d is composed of two protruding stem portions 14b, 14c or 14d at the distal end of the head 18b, 18c or 18d forming the outer cam surface 20b, 20c or 20d and the central bend 17b, 17c or 17d. consist of. Further, like the fastener portions 11 and 50, the bent portions 17b, 17c or 17d of the U-shaped monofilaments 13b, 13c or 13d are arranged in parallel with each other, and the groups of the plurality of bent portions 17b, 17c or 17d are parallel edges 19b, 19c. Or arranged side by side to form parallel and straight rows of heads 18b, 18c or 18d disposed at right angles to 19d and a plurality of U-shaped monofilaments 13b, 13c or 13d. In each of the fastener portions 60, 70 or 80, the continuous rows of U-shaped monofilaments 13b, 13c or 13d are not aligned in a direction parallel to the edges 19b, 19c or 19d.

Thus, the shear strength of the fastener made of the two fastener portions 60, 70 or 80 is enhanced when the rows of the U-shaped monofilament 13b, 13c or 13d are aligned in engagement.

FIG. 11 shows a fastener 90 of another embodiment, in which part 92 (having a similar portion similar to part 10 in FIG. 1 and similarly numbered with the addition of the subscript “e”) is the fabric back support 96 of part 98. FIG. Mated with a protruding fiber loop 94, the fastener portion 98 being a material such as nylon roofing SJ3401 from the "Scotchmate" trademark, commercially available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minn. It consists of.

As shown, the portion 92 comprises a plurality of U-shaped monofilaments 13e with bends 17e bonded to the non-fibrous polymer bonding layer 15e of the back support 12e therefor. The U-shaped monofilament 13e also has a stem portion 14e protruding from the bonding layer 15e. This stem portion 14e supports a head 18e having an outer surface 20e adapted to deflect the elastic fiber loop 94 of the portion 98 upon engagement between the loops, such that the loop 94 is releasably captured on the engaging surface 20e of the head 18e. To be. The U-shaped monofilament 13e with the head is arranged like the U-shaped monofilament 13 of the fastener portion 11 and is spaced apart at such intervals. However, such placement and spacing is not required to provide adequate coupling between the stem 14e with the head and loop 94. Any position of the U-shaped monofilament is suitable as long as the number of monofilaments is suitable to provide the desired degree of coupling. Do.

The spacings shown at 7, 8, 9 and 10 degrees are not beneficial because there is no shear stress between the loop portion 94 of the fastener portion 98 and the stem portion of the portion 92.

EXAMPLE

The following example is a specific example of the fastener portion of the type shown in FIGS. 1-5, produced by the method described with reference to FIG.

The fastener portion was made of 0.38 mm diameter polypropylene monofilament applied to a 25.4 mm wide backing support consisting of a polypropylene surface layer with a thickness of about 0.76 mm. Fifteen monofilaments were applied to a strip of median width of 19 mm to provide a central spacing of about 1.3 mm between the stems along the rows of U-shaped filaments.

Each U-shaped filament was formed to have a median width between protruding stems of about 1.3 mm, and the distance between adjacent stems of adjacent U-shaped monofilaments perpendicular to the rows of U-shaped monofilaments was about 1.4 mm. The diameter of the hemispherical head of the monofilament was about 0.9-1.0 mm and the stem had a length of about 2.3-2.8 mm between the surface layer and the head.

Two such fastener portions are firmly attached to the rigid flat member in the test apparatus, which repeatedly engages and disengages the heads simultaneously. In 1000 engagement-break cycles, the force required to disengage the head was reduced from 12.3 kg to 7.75 kg and the force required to join the heads from 14.1 kg to 10.7 kg.

After such a period, the joined fastener portions act against each other in terms of the back support strip, and the force required to separate the joined portions is such that the rows of U-shaped monofilaments are 90 degrees relative to each other. It was about 14 kg when placed and about 5 kg when placed parallel to each other. It was found that none of the U-shaped monofilaments came off the back support after the test.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a fastener by attaching a monofilament to a strip and heating the free end of the filament protruding from the strip to form a head having an arcuate surface on the opposite side of the strip, the arch guides 31 being opposite to each other. 2) run two non-fiber strips 26 in the same direction along the parallel passageway, and between the guides 31 in a direction parallel to the parallel passageway from the side of the guide opposite the parallel passageway. The strip 26 is provided in such a manner that the polymer monofilament 36 is fed and in such a way that the length of the monofilament between the U-shaped portions of the monofilament 36 extends vertically between the strips 26. U-shaped portions of the monofilament 36 are alternately bonded to one strip 26 and the other strip 26 as they move along. Fastening alternately to each strip and cutting the monofilament 36 in the middle between the strips 26 to form two brush-like halves 46. Manufacturing method.

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