KR830002732B1 - Automated liquid crystal display process - Google Patents

Abstract

This describes automated liquid crystal display(LCD) film fabrication process. Automation is facilitated by the use of strips, preferably continuous, of plastic film on a proposed surface on which corresponding electrode patterns are defined. Liquid crystal material and spacing means are introduced between the plastic strips which are sealed, preferably with the aid of sealing rings screen formed on one of the films, to define individual display units. Each unit has a volume of liquid crystal material enclosed between corresponding pairs of electrode patterns on the two strips.

Description

Liquid crystal display and its manufacturing method

1 shows an opening of a display device according to the invention.

2 is a side view of the display assembly shown in FIG.

3 is a schematic diagram of a partial opening of a method of producing an electrically coated film suitable for use in the method of the present invention.

4 is a top view used in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial opening method copper diagram exemplifying the training method copper line shown in FIG. 3 to produce the respective display module shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.

6 is an opening view of an alternative embodiment of a display device manufactured according to the present invention.

FIG. 7A is a side view of the display assembly shown in FIG. 6. FIG.

FIG. 7B is a detailed opening diagram of the seventh display assembly. FIG.

8 is a partial opening method of the continuous method copper line shown in FIG. 3 in producing the structure shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.

9 is a schematic diagram of a partial opening method of another embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing a display module.

10 and 11 are partial opening diagrams of a semi-process of opening and closing a liquid crystal display module.

The present invention relates to displays and in particular to liquid crystal displays, and to an automatic method of manufacturing such liquid crystal displays in which soft strips of material are used, operated and formed into liquid crystal display devices.

Essentially, liquid crystal mixtures are materials that exhibit reverse optical properties when placed on an electric field. Usually the mixture is transmitted through light, but in the presence of an electric field that scatters incident light.

This property is well known in the literature and will not be discussed here in detail. Moreover, liquid crystal mixtures according to D.C or A.C excitation voltages are well known. Liquid crystal displays are at least two essential models. In other words, it is known to operate in the reflection or transmission type.

The display of the present invention can be applied to each of the operation models. The reflective liquid crystal display device is composed of a transmissive electrode away from a second transmissive electrode having a gap between two electrodes filled with a liquid crystal mixture. When electrical bias is placed across these two electrodes, the present mixture is subjected to an electric field that changes its optical properties. This causes the contrast of the visible plane formed by the reflective electrode to the adjacent region of the liquid crystal mixture subjected to the electric field. The required display pattern can be formed by making at least one of the electrodes to follow the pattern or part of the pattern to be displayed. A transparent liquid crystal device consists of two transparent electrodes and a liquid crystal mixture located there. The light source lies behind the liquid crystal display. Selected areas of the structure are placed under an electric field by applying a potential between the electrodes. The electric field causes the liquid crystal mixture to scatter light. By making at least one electrode to accompany one of the displayed patines or patterns, the required pattern can be formed. Since the displayed pattern as described above is determined by the model of one or more electrodes, a liquid crystal display can be produced in the required application. The traditional display constitutes seven well-known segment displays used to display numbers between 0 and 9, as well as point displays formed by a sequence of dots on which the displayed pattern is selectively placed. The point-shaped display is formed by designing the two front and rear electrodes of the liquid crystal display to have electrically insulated conductors in close proximity, and arranging the front and rear electrodes such that each conductor is orthogonal.

The point is formed by applying half of the voltage required for each of the electrodes to cause the liquid crystal structure to scatter light. Dots are formed in the area where the two electrodes cross. Liquid crystal display manufacturing usually uses glass that is conductive and coated and formed. A liquid crystal material (eg, a warped liquid crystal material) is introduced between two processed glass pieces, and a sealant is then introduced to deodorize the liquid crystal between the processed glass pieces. The glass process involves using photolithography to selectively etch electrically coated glass fragments and applying the layers listed in the directions needed to affect the liquid crystal display.

The first piece of conductive coated glass is similarly treated with a lined layer hatched in the transverse direction to the other electrode pattern and the listed layer of the first piece of glass. The first and second pieces of glass are disposed at positions adjacent to each other. The liquid crystal material is introduced between them, and the sealant is introduced between the pieces of glass in order to leave the liquid crystal material in turn. The polarizer plate is in turn arranged attached to the first and second glass surfaces. The problems arising from conventional liquid crystal display glass manufacturing are in contrast to automatic processes and require enormous manual processes at the critical stage of the process. In addition, photolithographic etch limits for hooks exist with large displays on glass. The production value of the liquid crystal display is reduced by the development of automatic manufacturing operation, which is supplied automatically when raw materials are required, and the package display is automatically manufactured. In addition, cost savings will be realized by combining the working materials. Such a method is as flexible as it can be rolled onto a rail to stock up at any stage and can be easily manufactured using stem-shaped introduction and intermediate materials. Such a method can also be used to manufacture large area displays at a convenient and inexpensive value. The method of exemplifying the present invention for producing a liquid crystal display uses a continuous transparent film to which a conductive coating is applied. Using photolithography, a pattern is formed in the conductive film layer, and the selected etch is completed just to retain the required display pattern. The second continuous film is similarly processed with the auxiliary pattern optionally retained when the two transparent films are processed separately. A liquid crystal spacer material is inserted between and sealed between the first pattern film and the second pattern film. The resulting hermetic structure is blocked with displays, tested, and blocked with liquid crystal display unit modules. The polarizer plate layer is bonded to the first subsurface and the polarizing film is used for the first and second film strips.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

숫자액정 디스플레이 필름모듀울의 보통치수가 편광체판 없이, 길이가 21.59mm, 폭 13.97mm, 두께 0.508mm이다. 편광체판 10 및 편광 트랜스 플렉트 50의 보통 두께가 0.203mm, 상부필름 20및 하부파일 40의 두께는 0.177mm, 스페이서 30의 두께는 10㎛이다.Referring to FIG. 1, an enlarged opening path of a liquid crystal display film modulus manufactured using an embodiment of the present invention is shown. It is a sandwich stack of parallel layers with polarizer plate film 10, top electrode film 20, spacer framing bottom electrode film 40, and translator film 50, in order from top to bottom, as better shown in FIG. It consists of: Top and bottom electrode films 20 and 40 are formed in segments according to the desired display pattern. Referring to FIG. 2, a side view of the liquid crystal display modul of FIG. 1 is shown with the sub-ulves of the modul in more detail. 3 suitable for use as a watch display

The normal dimensions of the numeric liquid crystal display film modulus are 21.59 mm long, 13.97 mm wide, and 0.508 mm thick without a polarizer plate. The thickness of the polarizing plate 10 and the polarizing transport 50 is 0.203 mm, the thickness of the upper film 20 and the lower pile 40 is 0.177 mm, and the thickness of the spacer 30 is 10 m.

Referring to FIG. 3, a useful method of practicing the present invention to produce the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is described. Reel 100 feeds film 101 into the inlet of the automatic LCD film production process sheath, but film 101 consists of a continuous strip of transparent film. Scientifically clear films such as Mylar, polyethylene, tri-phthalate, carbonate, poly-vinylchloride, cellulose, polyacetate, and the like can be used in the present method. Each film material has the advantages and disadvantages of being balanced by production value and manufacturing. The film is theoretically isotropic like cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). However, these materials are very inadequate chemically and are mostly attached by organic matter, ie acids and bases. However, it is worth considering using a CAB type film with any protective coating that is chemically inactive and electrically insulated. In general, the thickness of the film used varies from 0.0254 mm to 1.27 mm, and the thickness in the range from 1.026 mm to 0.25 mm seems optimistic, depending on the material and treatment, based on the application value. The transparency of ordinary films is over 90%. But low transparency films are also used. Transparent conductive coating covers film 101. Transparent conductive coatings such as indium oxide, cadmium stannate, or better, indium oxide treated with tin oxide, etc. are evaporated onto the continuous film to electrically control the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules. It is important that the film retains the heat of vaporization and does not contain any material that will contaminate the vaporization or sputtering system. For this reason, films containing excess plasticizers are generally not used. Coating materials with a minimum thickness of 400 kPa and about 500 kPa / (surface area) ² are normally used. The thickness of this cladding affects the transparency of the synthetic coating film and creates an advantage between the required transparency and resistivity.

The coming film 101 is suitable for modulus with a width in the range of 304.8-914.4 mm. In addition to enabling the use of standard manufacturing and processing equipment, as well as facilitating convenient handling of adjacent continuous film 101, the roll of film is better than a width of 35 mm or 70 mm. Shortly available slitting machines and biasing dies are used to facilitate the processing of film 101 through automatic assembly lines (e.g., in the embodiments beginning in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5). 3 shows both sides of the cut and flattened film 500. Knitting holes 501 provide feedguidance to the automated assembly that handles the film. Referring to FIG. 3, the film 111 is supplied in an auto assembly process in the reel 110 to contact the film 101. Film 111 is a photosensitive resist material in the form of a film. However, a convenient way of applying the photoresist material to film 101 is accepted. The choice of photoresist material depends on the crystals required by the pattern geometry of the conductive polar to be formed. And chemical inertness of film 101 is used. The photoresist 111 is composed of phosphorus oxide, cadmium stannate, dufon Liston, and the like. The photoresist 111 is supplied to the film 10 on the side in contact with the conductive coating. Synthetic film Kimpound 102 is then fed through the auto assembly line by means of a guide finger extending through such a biasing guide hole, for example, the film 500 guide hole 501 of FIG. And it is supplied to the pattern exposure place 120. The exposed area 120 may periodically expose the film 101 as it passes through the patterned light energy field exposing the photoresist film 111 of the point pound film 102.

The light pattern emitted at location 120 follows the required electrode graph pattern to be formed from the film 101 conductive coating of the Kimpound film 102. The synthetically exposed Kimpound film 103 is forwarded through the photoresist development site 130. Place 130 chemically activates the area of the photoresist film by the electrode pattern into a hard material (+ photoresist) resisting the etch solution to be used in the practical throughput meter. The quantitative photoresist film Kimpound 104 is forwarded to the etch conductor and photoresist removal site 140. Place 140 removes the uncured photoresist from the film 104 in a quantity of chemical etchant under controlled conditions to remove the conductive coating from the film 101 surface area of the Kimpound film 104 having no hard photoresist protective surface layer.

The etching of the conductor layer is carried out with stannate at HCL 50% room temperature for 10-20 seconds. In most cases, depending on the film 101 used, there is a choice of etching patterns. Film Kimpound 105, which appears at place 140, includes the required electrode pattern formed of a conductive coating on the transparent film 101. Film 105 is fed forward to pass through roller-coated hermetic layer location 150. The roller-coated hermetic layer is applied by one of many methods, in which one film lies against the material to be formed into an array layer to arrange liquid crystal molecules in a homogeneous or homogeneous rare line direction. Many types of materials are used for this purpose, such as polymer coatings, for example polyvinyl alcohol, which can be compared with the automatic film deposition process. Synthetic film Kimpound 106 has a polymer layer lying on it, and is supplied from 150 to 160 where the straight line placed is processed and attached. The processed layer is from an energy source such as infrared or heat treatment. The processed film compound 107 is then fed from place 160 to place 170, where the rubbing brass or another method of unidirectional rubbing physically modulates the molecules of the processed polymer layer to form a rubbed layer on compound film 108. Used to place Alternately, SiO ₂ precipitation techniques are used to form a straight located layer without friction.

Referring to FIG. 5, the film 108 is supplied to the adhesive application 175, and the adhesive pattern of the sealing ring is applied to the film 108 at a distance. Laminates form thermoplastic sealing rings, and other tack forms or epoxies are used to form tack patterns. In a further embodiment of the invention, the pattern is screen printed on film 108. However, another method of forming an adhesive pattern on the film 108 is used, which can be compared with the automatic sealing process. The film 109 appearing at place 175 is combined with the second film 200 which is the bottom film. The film 200 is electrically coated and etched, and has a straight layer direction transverse to the straight layer direction of film 10 when the two films are adjacent to each other with electrode patterns on each of the film strips facing each other, and the pattern of film 108 Rub a similarly treated film on film 108 in a straight layer with just another pattern to adequately replenish.

The film 109 and the film 200 are adjacent to each other with the electrode patterns of the film strips facing each other opposite to the accompanying electrode pattern of the films 200 so as to isolate each pair of electrode patterns of the film 109 from each other. Film 109 and film 200 are fed to place 215 where two films are sealed together to form film compound 110. The bonded film structure 110 is forwarded to the place 220 where the liquid crystal material with the fibrous spacer is inserted between the upper and lower films. Additionally, in a further embodiment, conductive epoxy is introduced between the top film and bottom film within the boundary of the seal to form an electrical connection between the contact of the bottom electrode pattern and the contact of the top electrode pattern. The film compound 110 having the liquid crystal material and the spacing quantity interposed between the films 109 and 200 is then reeled to form a plurality of liquid crystal display devices 111. The film compound 112 comprising the liquid crystal display device 111 is supplied to a place 230 where the film compound 112 is washed to prepare for fixing of the polarizer plate and the transducer. The film compound 112 is supplied to a place 235 where the polarizer plate 240 is attached to the film strip 109 of each display device 111 in parallel with the film strip 109. And trips collector 245 is attached to film strip 200 to form liquid crystal display device cell 113. The polarization directions of the polarizer plate 240 and the translator 245 will be parallel or parallel to the polarization directions of the straight layers of the film strips 109 and 200 when attached to form cell 113, respectively. The polarizer plate 240 and the translator 245 will be a film strip of polarizing material, which in turn will be another form of polarizing material comparable to the automatic processing of adjacent continuous film strips. In an embodiment, the composite film cell 113 is vehicled in individual strips in which individual liquid crystal display devices having polarizer plates and attached transducers are in parallel, and are supplied to locations 260, each comprising multiple cells 113 in parallel. The vehicle strip is supplied to place 277 where the liquid crystal display cell 113 is each inspected for utility, and the accompanying device appears as if to deposit ink spots in the cell. The blocked and inspected strip is supplied to place 28 where each liquid crystal display cell 113 is vehicled to a separate modulus 290. It is a completed liquid crystal display module as shown in FIG.

The display is nematic with a change in state of the border color, color dynamic scattering or other forms, or it is distorted border color or colonic. Referring to FIG. 6, the opening degree of the liquid crystal display film modulus manufactured using the embodiment of the present invention is shown. As better shown in FIG. 7, it is a sandwich stack of parallel layers in which the optical polarizer plate and the upper electrode film 60 spacer frame 30, in turn from the top to the bottom, and the combined lower and optical polarizer plate film 70 are combined. ) Is included. Referring to Fig. 7a, a side view of the liquid crystal display module of Fig. 1 is shown with the accessory of the embodiment. The common dimensions of the 3 and t-1 digital watch liquid crystal display film modulus are 21.59 mm long, 14.97 mm wide, and 0.508 mm thick. The average thickness of the polarizer plate upper film 10 and the polarizer plate lower film 30 parts mechanism is 0.254 mm and has a thickness of 10 占 퐉 with respect to the spacer 37. In addition, the transducer was attached to the lower film polarizer plate to shine light from behind. Referring to 7b, the polarizing plate upper film 60 is chemically transparent transparent conductive coating material 3 placed on the first polarizing plate film 1, the upper surface and the lower surface covered by the wear-resistant coating material 2, the resistance coating material 2 on the lower surface, and It constitutes a straight layer 4 having a first direction lying on the conductive coating 3. The lower film 70 is composed of a second piece of body plate film 5 covered on the upper and lower surfaces by the chemical abrasion resistance coating material 2, a transparent conductive coating material 3 lying on the upper surface resistive coating material 2, and a straight layer 4 lying on the conductive coating material 3. Doing. Spacer 30 constitutes a frame of sealant 6, i.e. a spacer having a liquid crystal material interposed between the top and bottom films 60 and a straight layer 4 of each car in 70, also has a gap between films 60 and 70. Keep it. The structures shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are fabricated using the systems shown in FIGS. 3 and 8 with variations of the inlet material noted below. Film 101 has similar dimensions, should have the same properties indicated above, and should be better coated with a wear resistant coating in the form of a siloxane. The polarizing film uses cellulose acetate butate (in consideration of the above description), acryl, cellulose triacetate, and polycarbonate. The film 101 should have a certain direction of polarization, and a transparent conductive coating for controlling the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecules coated with a resistor to form the film 103 is equivalent. That is, the resistor is cured to form film 106, etched to form film 105, a block layer is applied to form film 106, and is treated to protect film compound 108 and form a straight layer.

And all of the film compounds 108 described above with reference to FIG. The polarization direction of the film 101 is parallel or perpendicular to the straight direction of the compound 108. Compound film 108 is combined and handled with second film 200 as described with reference to FIG. 3, and the polarization direction of film 200 is required. It is parallel and perpendicular to the straight line direction of the sealed film 200 to form the liquid crystal display device 111. As shown in FIG. 8, the film compound 112 including the liquid crystal display device 111 is equivalent to the place 232 where each liquid crystal display device is blocked by each strip in parallel, and each includes a parallel-positioned multicell 111. FIG. . The blocking strip is equivalent to place 242 where the liquid crystal display cell 111 is each corrected for utility. The combined device appears to erode the ink spots in the cell. The blocked and checked strip is blocked with a separate modulus 290 where each liquid crystal display cell 111 is a complete liquid crystal display module as described in FIG. These displays are nematic, borderlined, and colonically distorted to state changes, colors, and other forms of liquid crystal displays. Referring to FIG. 9, a better method of sealing two strips of film material is described. Compound film 208, which is described with reference to compound film 107 in FIG. 3 and treated in the same manner, is equivalent to an adhesive application 380 where the fixing ring is applied to compound film 308 to form compound film 309. For example, a sealing is printed on the patterned surface of compound film strip 308 to bond compound film 309 to a second similarly treated compound film strip 400. Alternately, another method of precise adhesion application to compound film 308 is used in place 380. The compound film strip 309 that appears there is formed on the two strips 309 and 400 facing each other, such that the electrode pattern of the film strip 309 is positioned opposite the electrode pattern corresponding to the film strip 400, respectively, in order to pair the corresponding electrode patterns. It has an electrode pattern and is adjacent to the compound film strip 400. As shown in FIG. 9, corresponding pairs of conductive electrode patterns are arranged in rows or columns along each length of film strips 309 and 400 formed along the length of films 309 and 400 when the multiple rows of liquid crystal display devices are closed. Is formed. Film strip 400 constitutes a film treated in a similar manner to film 200 described with reference to FIG. However, the etched conductive pattern of film 400 supplements the etched conductive pattern of film 308.

Film 400 is equivalent to dispenser location 390 where a liquid crystal material with a spacer fever is formed. For example, it is placed on the conductive pattern surface of film 400 to form compound film 408. Film 408 is combined with film 306 in the manner described above and is equivalent to place 395. If a connection between the top and bottom films 309 and the national pattern of 400 is required, then the conductive epoxy introduces the advantage between the films. The resulting compound film is fed to place 340, placed under pressure, by heat or pressure, for example, to form a plurality of liquid crystal display modules, as described with respect to FIG. 3 place 160. The composite film compound 310 is then supplied to place 410 and cut off at each module 411, which is described with respect to inspection point 270 of FIG. 4 to form a finished production in the form of a stack layer shown in FIG. Is checked like that

In order to form the structures shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the film strips 308 and 400 were processed in the same manner to the film compounds 109 and 200 of FIG. In this case, the etched conductive pattern of the film 400 complements the etched conductive patine of the film 308, and the straight layer direction of the film 400 is adjacent with each electrode pattern in which the two films face the other electrode pattern. When it exists, it has become horizontal in the straight layer direction of the film 308, respectively. The process then continues as described with reference to FIG. Referring to FIG. 10, a partial color processed copper diagram of another embodiment of a semi-treatment for sealing and filling a liquid crystal material LCD module is shown.

Compound film 505 treated identically to film 309 in FIG. 9A has a location in reel 507 where film 505 is bonded to second film 506, film 506 is simultaneously treated to film 400 in FIG. 9B, and film 506 feeds from reel 508 Supply up to 510. Films 505 and 506 are adjacent to each other with respective electrode patterns of film strips facing each other opposite the corresponding electrode pattern of film 506 so that each electrode pattern of film 505 divides the corresponding electrode pattern. Adjacent films 505 and 506 are supplied to place 510 where the three sides of the pair of electrode patterns are joined together at supersonic speed. The composite bond film compound is supplied to the place 520 introduced at one end where the liquid crystal material is not bonded, and the filled compound film is supplied to the place 530 where the non-bonding end is sealed, such as epoxy.

The composite compound film includes multiple liquid crystal display modulus separated by each hermetically sealed electrode pair, which is supplied in front of the place 540 where each hermetically sealed electrode pair is vehicled to each liquid crystal display device modul The device module is checked. Referring to FIG. 11, the film 603 corresponding to the film 400 of FIG. 9a is supplied from a reel, adjacent to the film 601 matching the ninth film 400, and equivalent in the reel 603. Film 600 and film 601 are adjacent to each other, with each electrode pattern of the film 600 facing each other with a film strip facing each other opposite to the mutual electrode pattern of film 601 to divide the pair of mutual electrode patterns. Adjacent films 600 and 601 are then fed to place 610 where each pair of electrode patterns is completely enclosed, for example using epoxy, except that two hollow holes are provided in film 600 or film 601. The composite compound film is supplied to a place 620 where the liquid crystal material and, if desired, the spacer fever are introduced through the hollow hole into the sealed electrode pair. The composite film compound is supplied to a location 630 where the hollow holes are sealed with epoxy or the like. The composite film compound includes a plurality of liquid crystal display device modules, which are supplied to place 640, where each liquid crystal display device module is vehicled and checked as described above.

It will be appreciated that the embodiments of the invention described above make it easy to use automatic processing techniques. In a continuous manner, the underlying film strip can be fed from the supply reel, as does the conductor and resistor layers. Operations required to selectively expose and develop resistors remove resistors and etch conductor layers, as well as perform scrubbing and machining operations that can be performed automatically in time. The materials required to seal the film, the liquid crystal material and the filler material, can all be separated automatically. In addition to checking and displaying the modulus, the vehicle of each modululated unit is also sensitive to automatic operation and control. In such quantities, reliable display modules are economically produced in one continuous process.

Claims (1)

A straight layer is formed on each of the first and second elongated strips of the flexible transparent insulating film having the conductive electrode pattern, and each electrode pattern in one strip is positioned opposite each electrode pattern in the corresponding other strip. The pair of electrodes adjacent to each other in the two strips so as to define a corresponding pair of electrode patterns, and the corresponding pair in the two film strips by introducing a liquid crystal material and a spacer between the two film strips. A seal is formed between the two film strips to seal the liquid crystal material in each volume between the electrode patterns of the two film strips to provide a plurality of combined liquid crystal display devices, wherein the two film strips in each of the sealed volumes are spaced apart. Method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that separated by a distance defined by.

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