KR830001073B1 - Electrical contactor - Google Patents

Electrical contactor Download PDF

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KR830001073B1
KR830001073B1 KR1019800004212A KR800004212A KR830001073B1 KR 830001073 B1 KR830001073 B1 KR 830001073B1 KR 1019800004212 A KR1019800004212 A KR 1019800004212A KR 800004212 A KR800004212 A KR 800004212A KR 830001073 B1 KR830001073 B1 KR 830001073B1
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alloy
contact
electrical
resistance
weight
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Korean (ko)
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쯔도무 오구도미
마사지까 이이다
가즈요시 구와바라
히사시 요시노
야나기 에이지 다까
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도오교오 시바우라덴기 가부시기가이샤
사바 쇼오이찌
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/02Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/0203Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
    • H01H1/0206Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr

Abstract

내용 없음.No content.

Description

전기 접촉자Electrical contactor

도면은 본 발명에 관한 전기 접촉자의 1실시예를 나타내는 도면이다.The figure shows one Example of the electrical contact which concerns on this invention.

본 발명은 전기 접촉자에 관한 것으로서, 특히 접촉저항특성, 내소모성 및 내용착성에 뛰어난 전기 접촉자에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to electrical contacts, and more particularly, to electrical contacts excellent in contact resistance properties, wear resistance and welding resistance.

전기 접촉자에 요구되는 가장 중요한 특성은 내용착성, 접촉저항특성, 내소모성등이다.The most important properties required for electrical contacts are welding resistance, contact resistance properties, and wear resistance.

그러므로, 텅스텐(W), 탄화텅스텐(WC)와 같은 고융점재료와 은(Ag), 동(Cu)과 같은 고도전성 재료와의 복합화가 행해지고, 종래부터 Ag-WC합금이나, Cu-W합금으로 구성되는 전기 접촉자가 차단기, 전기개폐기 등에 널리 사용되고 있다.Therefore, a combination of a high melting point material such as tungsten (W) and tungsten carbide (WC) and a highly conductive material such as silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) is performed. Electrical contact is composed of a circuit breaker, electrical switch is widely used.

그런데, 종래 사용되고 있는 60%전후의 Ag를 함유한 Ag-WC전기 접촉자는, 접촉저항이 낮고 안정되어 있기 때문에 중부하(中負荷)정도의 차단기는 접촉기등의 아아크(arc)접점 겸 주접점에 사용된다. 그러나 Ag-WC 합금은 단락책무(短絡責務) 정격(定格) (전류의 100~1000배)에 대하여 대단히 열등한 것으로 판명되어 있다.By the way, since the Ag-WC electrical contactor containing 60% Ag in the prior art has low contact resistance and is stable, a heavy load circuit breaker is used for the arc contact and the main contact point such as a contactor. Used. However, Ag-WC alloys have proved to be extremely inferior to the short-circuit duty rating (100 to 1000 times the current).

또, 30%전후의 Cu를 함유하는 Cu-W 전기 접촉자는, 저가격인데다가 비점(沸點), 융점(融點)이 높고, 또한 기계적 강도가 크기 때문에, 내(耐) 아아크성, 내 용착성에 뛰어난다. 예를들면, 유중(油中) 차단기의 아아킹(arcing) 접점으로서 사용되고 뛰어난 단락책무를 수행하고 있다. 그러나, 이 Cu-W 접촉자는 고온에서는 대단히 산화가 빠르고 접촉저항의 안정성이 현저히 빈약한 경향이 있다.The Cu-W electrical contactor containing 30% Cu is low cost, high boiling point, high melting point, and high mechanical strength. Outstanding For example, it is used as an arcing contact of a oil-breaker and performs excellent short-circuit duty. However, this Cu-W contactor tends to be extremely oxidized at a high temperature and remarkably poor in stability of contact resistance.

본 발명은 상기와 같이, 종래의 전기 접촉자의 문제점을 고려하여 연구된 것으로서, 정격전류 개폐에 있어서의 안정된 접촉저항 특성을 지니고, 단락시(短絡侍)에 있어서의 아아크성까지도 겸비하고, 단락책무에 뛰어나고, 또한 내소모성에도 우수한 전기 접촉자의 제공을 목적으로 한다.As described above, the present invention has been studied in consideration of the problems of the conventional electric contactor, has stable contact resistance characteristics in the opening and closing of the rated current, and also has arcing characteristics at the time of short-circuit, An object of the present invention is to provide an electrical contact that is excellent in resistance and excellent in wear resistance.

즉, 본 발명은 Cu를 20~60중량% 함유하는 Cu-W합금, Cu-WC 합금, 또는 Cu-W-WC 합금으로 구성되는 하층부와, Ag를 20~60중량% 함유하는Ag-WC 합금, Ag-W 합금, 또는 Ag-W-WC 합금으로 구성되고, 상기 하층부상에 접합되어 상면을 접촉면으로 하는 상층부와로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 접촉자이다.That is, the present invention is a lower layer composed of Cu-W alloy, Cu-WC alloy, or Cu-W-WC alloy containing 20 to 60% by weight of Cu, and Ag-WC alloy containing 20 to 60% by weight of Ag. , An Ag-W alloy, or an Ag-W-WC alloy, the upper contact being joined to the lower layer and having an upper surface as a contact surface.

본 발명의 전기 접촉자는, 서로 대향하는 2개의 전기 접촉자의 어느 한쪽에 사용해도 좋고, 양쪽에 사용해도 좋다. 도면은, 1실시예를 나타내는 것으로서, 도면 중 (1)은 도전성 대금(台金)이고, (2)는 대금 (1)위에 접합된 Cu-W 합금층이고, 또, (3)은 Cu-W 합금층 (2)위에 접합된 Ag-WC 합금층이다. 일반적으로, 하층부의 Cu-W 합금층등은 0.5~mm 정도의 두께가 바람직하고, 상층부의 Ag-WC 합금층 등은 0.5~3mm정도의 두께가 좋다.The electrical contactor of this invention may be used for either one of the two electrical contacts which mutually oppose, and may be used for both. The figure shows an example, in which (1) is a conductive price, (2) is a Cu-W alloy layer bonded on the price (1), and (3) is Cu- Ag-WC alloy layer bonded on the W alloy layer (2). In general, the thickness of the Cu-W alloy layer or the like of the lower layer is preferably about 0.5 to mm, and the thickness of the Ag-WC alloy layer or the like of the upper layer is about 0.5 to 3 mm.

본 발명의 전기접촉자를 서로 대향하는 전기 접촉자의 적어도 한쪽에 채용한 경우, 정격 전류 개폐에 있어서는, 상층의 Ag-WC 합금이 안정된 접촉 저항특성을 장기간에 걸쳐서 유지할 수 있다. 또, 단락전류가 주어졌을 때에는, 상기한 바와 같이 Ag-WC 합금은 그것에 대한 저항성이 없기 때문에 Ag-WC 합금속의 거의 대부분이 폭발적으로 비산하여 접촉면에서 없어져서 하층의 Cu-W 합금층이 나타난다. 그러나, 이 사태에 있어서도 Cu-W 합금이 지니는 우수한 내아아크성, 내용착성 때문에, 회로보호의 목적을 달성할 수 있다.In the case where the electrical contactor of the present invention is employed on at least one of the electrical contactors facing each other, in the rated current switching, the Ag-WC alloy in the upper layer can maintain stable contact resistance characteristics for a long time. When a short-circuit current is given, as described above, since the Ag-WC alloy has no resistance to it, almost all of the Ag-WC alloy is exploded and disappears from the contact surface, resulting in a lower Cu-W alloy layer. However, even in this situation, the purpose of circuit protection can be attained because of the excellent arc resistance and welding resistance of the Cu-W alloy.

이상과 같이, Ag-WC계의 기능과 Cu-W계의 기능을 조합활용한 점이 본 발명전기 접촉자의 최대의 특징인 것이다.As mentioned above, the combination and utilization of the function of the Ag-WC system and the function of the Cu-W system are the biggest characteristics of the electrical contactor of this invention.

하층부를 구성하는 Cu-W 합금, Cu-WC 합금, 또는 Cu-W-WC 합금에 함유되는 Cu는 20~60중량%가 된다. Cu가 20중량% 미만으로서는 보통의 방법으로는 치밀한 소결합금을 제조하기가 곤란하고, 또, 단락후의 산화기 현저하기 때문에 좋지 못하다. 60중량%를 초과하면 내용착성이 열화되므로 좋지 못하다. 상층부를 구성하는 Ag-WC 합금, Ag-W 합금, 또는 Ag-W-WC 합금에 함유되는 Ag는 20~60중량%이다. 20중량% 미만으로는 접촉저항의 상승, 온도상승을 초래하고, 또, 60중량%를 초과하면 내용착성이 열화하기 때문에 좋지 못하다.Cu contained in Cu-W alloy, Cu-WC alloy, or Cu-W-WC alloy which comprises a lower layer part becomes 20 to 60 weight%. If Cu is less than 20% by weight, it is difficult to produce a dense small-bonded alloy by the usual method, and it is not good because the oxidizer after short-circuit is remarkable. If it exceeds 60% by weight, the welding resistance deteriorates, which is not good. Ag contained in the Ag-WC alloy, Ag-W alloy, or Ag-W-WC alloy constituting the upper layer is 20 to 60% by weight. If the amount is less than 20% by weight, the contact resistance is increased and the temperature is increased. If the content is more than 60% by weight, the welding resistance is deteriorated.

본 발명의 전기 접촉자의 제조는, 상층부와 하층부를 따로따로 공지(公知)의 방법으로 제조하여, 양자를 접합하면 된다. 1예로서, 상층부 : Ag-WC 합금, 하층부 : Cu-W 합금의 경우에 대하여 설명한다. Ag-WC 합금은, Ag분말과 WC분말을 소요의 배합비로 충분히 혼합하여, 2~4t/cm2으로 압분(壓粉)성형한다.What is necessary is just to manufacture the electrical contactor of this invention separately by the method of well-known separately, and to join them together. As an example, the case of an upper layer part: Ag-WC alloy and a lower layer part: Cu-W alloy is demonstrated. The Ag-WC alloy is sufficiently mixed with the Ag powder and the WC powder at a required mixing ratio, and is compacted at 2 to 4 t / cm 2 .

이 성형체중의 잔존공(殘存孔)을 충분히 채울 수 있는 Ag를 성형체 위에 놓고, 900~1250℃, 수소분위기속에서 1~3시간 유지하고, Ag를 형성체중에 용침(溶浸)시킨다. Cu-W 합금도 거의 같은 방법으로 제조할수 있고, 양자를 한데 겹쳐서, 수소분위기 속에서 700~900℃로 30분간 가열 유지하여 접합한다. 가열로 인해 흰 것을 기계가공으로 정형하여, 전기 접촉자를 얻는다.Ag, which can sufficiently fill the remaining pores in the molded body, is placed on the molded body, maintained at 900 to 1250 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere for 1 to 3 hours, and Ag is infiltrated into the formed body. Cu-W alloys can be produced in almost the same way, and the two are stacked together and joined by heating and maintaining at 700 to 900 ° C for 30 minutes in a hydrogen atmosphere. The white one is machined by heating to obtain an electrical contact.

이하, 실시예를 들어 다시 설명한다.An example is given again below.

[실시예 1]Example 1

상층이 60% Ag-WC 합금, 하층이 40% Cu-W 합금으로 구성되고, 4각 추체형(錐體形)외 전기 접촉자를 상기의 방법에 의하여 제조했다. 치수는, 상면이 5mm×14mm, 하면이 8mm×14mm, 두께가 2mm (상층 0.5mm, 하층 1.5mm)이다. 이것을 노우퓨우즈 브레이커(no fuse breaker)의 고정측 접점 및 가동측 접점으로서 부착하고, 다음에 기재하는 시험을 했다. 시험결과를 아울러 기재한다.The upper layer consisted of 60% Ag-WC alloy, and the lower layer consisted of 40% Cu-W alloy, and the quadrangular extra-electric contact was manufactured by the said method. The dimensions are 5 mm x 14 mm at the top, 8 mm x 14 mm at the bottom, and 2 mm thick (0.5 mm at the top and 1.5 mm at the bottom). This was attached as a fixed side contact and a movable side contact of a no fuse breaker, and the test described below was done. Record the test results together.

(1) 전압 550V, 역율(力率) 0.5, 전류 1350A로 50회의 개폐를 행했다.(1) 50 switching was performed at a voltage of 550 V, a power factor of 0.5, and a current of 1350 A.

접촉자의 손상은 극히 경미했다.Contact damage was extremely minor.

접촉저항은, 초기치(初期値) 280μΩ에 대하여 254~300μΩ이었다.The contact resistance was 254-300 microohms with respect to the initial value of 280 microohms.

Ag-WC 합금층과 Cu-W합금층과의 접합은 경고하고 박리(剝離)는 없었다.The bonding between the Ag-WC alloy layer and the Cu-W alloy layer was warned and there was no peeling.

(2)(1)에 계속하여 전압 550V, 전류 225A로 4000회의 개폐를 했다.Subsequent to (2) (1), 4000 switching operations were performed at a voltage of 550V and a current of 225A.

접촉저항이 260~310μΩ가 되었다. 안정된 접촉특성이 유지되었다.Contact resistance became 260-310 microohms. Stable contact characteristics were maintained.

양층간의 접합은 경고하고, 박리는 없음.Warning of the bonding between the two layers, no peeling.

(3),(2)에 계속하여 전류 225A, 주위온도 30℃로 접촉자 온도를 측정했다.Subsequent to (3) and (2), the contactor temperature was measured at a current of 225 A and an ambient temperature of 30 ° C.

접촉자 온도는 49℃(온도 상승 19℃)로서, 온도 특성도 문제가 없었다.The contactor temperature was 49 degreeC (temperature rise 19 degreeC), and there was no problem in temperature characteristic.

(4),(3)에 계속해서, 50KA의 단락전류를 1회 투입하여 개폐를 1회 행했다.Subsequent to (4) and (3), a 50KA short-circuit current was input once and open and close was performed once.

상층의 Ag-WC층이 군데군데 약간식 남은 채로 비산(飛散), 증발했으나, 용착은 볼 수 없었다.The upper Ag-WC layer was scattered and evaporated with a little left in some places, but no welding was observed.

우수한 단락 특성을 나타냈다.Excellent short circuit properties.

(5) 비교하기 위해, 상층 60%Ag-WC, 하층황동(黃銅)의 전기 접촉자를 제조하여, 50KA의 단락전류의 투입만을 행했더니, 상층의 60% Ag-WC 합금층은 비산하는 동시에 심한 용착을 나타냈다.(5) For comparison, an upper contact 60% Ag-WC and lower brass electrical contactor were produced, and only 50KA of short-circuit current was applied, and the upper 60% Ag-WC alloy layer was scattered. Severe adhesion was shown.

[실시예 2~6, 비교예 1~5][Examples 2-6, Comparative Examples 1-5]

실시예 1과 동일의 치수, 형상으로, 각각 하표에서 나타내는 바와 같은 하층부, 상층부를 접합하여 구성되는 전기 접촉자를 제조하여, 실시예 1과 같이 노우퓨우즈 브레이커에 부착하여, 접촉 저항특성, 온도특성, 단락특성을 동표에 나타내는 조건으로 시험했다. 결과도 아울러 표시했다.In the same dimensions and shapes as in Example 1, an electrical contactor constituted by joining the lower layer portion and the upper layer portion as shown in the following table, respectively, was fabricated and attached to the nose fuse breaker as in Example 1, and the contact resistance characteristics and temperature characteristics , The short circuit characteristics were tested under the conditions shown in the table. The results were also displayed.

[표][table]

Figure kpo00001
Figure kpo00001

동표에 의하여 명확하듯이, 상층부인 Ag-WC층의 Ag 함유량이 15중량%(비교예 1)로는 접촉저상이 이상증대하여, 온도 상승의 정도도 지나치게 커서 바람직하지 못하다. 한편, Ag 함유량이 70중량%, 80중량(비교예 2,3)에서는, 단락(短絡)후의 접점소모가 크고, 또한 용착도 발생한다. 그러나, Ag 함유량 20~60중량%(실시예 2~4)의 것은 어느것의 특성도 양호했다.As is clear from the table, the Ag content of the Ag-WC layer serving as the upper portion is 15 wt% (Comparative Example 1), which causes an abnormal increase in the contact bottom phase, and the degree of temperature rise is too large, which is undesirable. On the other hand, when Ag content is 70 weight% and 80 weight (comparative examples 2 and 3), contact consumption after a short circuit is large and welding also arises. However, all the characteristics of Ag content 20-60 weight% (Examples 2-4) were favorable.

또, 하층부인 Cu-W 합금의 Cu 함유량이 10중량%(비교예 4)에서는 단락후 노출한 Cu-W 합금 표면의 산화가 현저했다. Cu 함유량 90중량%(비교예 5)에서는 단락후에 용착이 나타났다. 실시예 5,6은 모든 점에서 양호했다.Moreover, when Cu content of the Cu-W alloy which is a lower layer part was 10 weight% (comparative example 4), oxidation of the surface of the Cu-W alloy exposed after the short circuit was remarkable. In 90 weight% of Cu content (comparative example 5), welding appeared after a short circuit. Examples 5 and 6 were favorable in all respects.

이상 기술한 실시예에서는 고정측 접점과 가동측접점의 쌍방에 본 발명의 전기 접촉자를 사용했으나, 어느 한쪽에만 사용해도 양호한 내용착성을 얻을 수 있다.In the embodiment described above, although the electrical contactor of the present invention is used for both the fixed-side contact point and the movable-side contact point, good welding resistance can be obtained by using only one of them.

Claims (1)

Cu를 20~60중량% 함유하는 Cu-W 합금, Cu-WC 합금, 또는 Cu-W-WC 합금으로 구성되는 하층부와, Ag를 20~60중량% 함유하는 Ag-WC 합금, Ag-W 합금, 또는 Ag-W-WC 합금으로 구성되고, 상기하층부위에 접합된 상면을 접촉면으로 하는 상층부로 구성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 접촉자.Lower layer composed of Cu-W alloy, Cu-WC alloy or Cu-W-WC alloy containing 20 to 60% by weight of Cu, Ag-WC alloy and Ag-W alloy containing 20 to 60% by weight of Ag Or an upper layer portion composed of an Ag-W-WC alloy and having an upper surface bonded to the lower layer portion as a contact surface.
KR1019800004212A 1980-11-04 1980-11-04 Electrical contactor KR830001073B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019800004212A KR830001073B1 (en) 1980-11-04 1980-11-04 Electrical contactor

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KR1019800004212A KR830001073B1 (en) 1980-11-04 1980-11-04 Electrical contactor

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KR830001073B1 true KR830001073B1 (en) 1983-06-01

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KR (1) KR830001073B1 (en)

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