KR20240107463A - Bio-tea manufacturing equipment using livestock products - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention was researched and created to improve the above-mentioned problem of handling livestock manure, which is emerging in society. It provides agricultural liquid fertilizer (highly concentrated liquid fertilizer) using livestock manure, nutrients (livestock manure vinegar), slow-release fertilizer, and soil conditioner. Biochar manufacturing equipment and manufacturing methods are provided to produce biochar equivalent to 1/4 of existing compost production. Biochar is mostly composed of non-decomposable carbon and its nutrients are slow-release so they do not accumulate in the soil and have a soil improvement effect and as a slow-release fertilizer. It allows you to kill two birds with one stone,
Livestock manure can be processed immediately after collecting a large amount of it, and high-temperature water treatment prevents eutrophication, adsorbs eutrophication substances, and enables use as a substitute for activated carbon. In particular, the present invention reduces the amount of livestock manure generated during livestock manure treatment, which accounts for 20% of the total greenhouse gas production in the agricultural sector. Effective in minimizing methane and nitrogen dioxide,
By carbonizing by complete carbonization rather than torrefaction of livestock manure, it is a method of self-carbonization in a closed air state, and almost no external energy such as electricity, gas, oil, etc. is used, so energy consumption can be reduced.

Description

Bio-tea manufacturing equipment using livestock products}

The present invention relates to a biochar manufacturing device using livestock manure, and more specifically, to a livestock manure biochar manufacturing device that uses livestock manure, including agricultural liquid fertilizer (highly concentrated liquid ratio), nutrients (livestock manure vinegar), slow-release fertilizer, and soil conditioner. It's about.

In 1879, while exploring the Amazon, Herbert Smith studied the indigenous people's sugar farming and saw that sugar cane was as tall as 3 meters and as thick as a wrist and had amazing productivity. The secret of this was the Amazon's terra preta (dark earth). ) It was found that it is found in soil, and biochar was developed after this research.

Such biochar is being studied to create economic (and environmental) benefits in reducing greenhouse gases. More specifically, organic matter includes substances that decompose quickly, such as sugar, carbohydrates, and cellulose, and substances that decompose slowly, such as ligrin. At this time, biochar minimizes the generation of carbon dioxide generated during decomposition, making it a greenhouse gas that is becoming an issue around the world. can be reduced.

Meanwhile, in the case of wood, when used in furniture or wooden houses, about 50% of carbon is stored in the wood, so the use of wood is recognized as a way to reduce carbon dioxide. However, when wood decomposes, it changes back into carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. As it goes out into the air, it becomes parallel to the carbon.

However, when wood is converted into biochar, it does not decompose even if it enters the ground, so it can be said to play a carbon negative role.

Therefore, in Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1888582, applied and pre-registered by the present applicant, it was proposed as a measure to reduce carbon dioxide and reduce global warming by converting discarded wood such as fruit tree pruning, street tree pruning, and forest thinning material into biochar. there is.

In this prior art of the present applicant, heavy biomass such as orchard pruning, street tree pruning, forest thinning material, etc. is carbonized using a complete carbonization method rather than torrefaction, thereby self-carbonizing in an anaerobic state, thereby eliminating external electricity, gas, oil, etc. Since almost no energy is used, it has the characteristic of reducing energy consumption, and it is easy to control carbonization and recovery in the biochar manufacturing process using heavy biomass. Additionally, since no separate external energy is used, additional carbon dioxide is emitted. An apparatus and method for producing biochar that has a reducing effect have been provided.

In this invention, based on the applicant's prior invention and improved upon, livestock manure generated from livestock farms was previously fermented into organic fertilizer and liquid manure through composting or liquid fertilizer and spread on the soil, or the remaining livestock waste was dumped in the ocean, but ocean dumping is not permitted. As agricultural production is decreasing due to the accumulation of nutrients in the soil and accumulation of salts in the soil, the nutrient total system that regulates the excessive use of fertilizers and compost is being implemented. Considering the problem of disposal of livestock manure, agricultural liquid fertilizer using livestock manure ( The purpose is to provide a livestock waste biochar manufacturing device and manufacturing method that kills two birds with one stone: high concentrate ratio), nutrients (livestock vinegar solution), slow-release fertilizer, and soil conditioner.

In addition, the problem of handling livestock manure is developing into a social problem as complaints from neighbors continue to arise due to bad odors.

In addition, livestock raising generates approximately 50% of greenhouse gases in Korea's agricultural sector, and greenhouse gases generated through fermentation of livestock manure during livestock manure processing account for 50% of the total emissions in the livestock industry, generating a significant amount of greenhouse gases. Reducing greenhouse gases is the most urgent problem that needs to be solved.

The present invention was researched and created to overcome the limitations of the applicant's previously registered patent and to improve the disposal problem of livestock manure that is emerging socially. The purpose of providing this is to provide agricultural liquid fertilizer (highly concentrated liquid fertilizer) using livestock manure, The purpose is to provide a livestock waste biochar manufacturing device that contains nutrients (livestock vinegar liquid), slow-release fertilizer, and soil conditioner.

Another object of the present invention is to produce biochar that is 1/4 of the amount of existing compost produced, and biochar is mostly composed of non-decomposable carbon, and the nutrients are slow-release so they do not accumulate in the soil, and have a soil improvement effect and kill two birds with one stone as a slow-release fertilizer. The goal is to achieve effectiveness.

Another purpose of the present invention is to be able to process a large amount of livestock waste immediately after collection, and to prevent eutrophication through high-temperature water treatment, adsorb eutrophic substances, and use activated carbon as a substitute. In particular, the present invention can reduce 20% of the total greenhouse gas production in the agricultural sector. The effect of minimizing methane and nitrogen dioxide generated during livestock manure treatment,

By carbonizing by complete carbonization rather than torrefaction of livestock manure, it is a method of self-carbonization in a closed air state, and almost no external energy such as electricity, gas, oil, etc. is used, so energy consumption can be reduced.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention

Injecting livestock manure with a moisture content of 80% into a solid-liquid separator through an injector and an injecting conveyor;

A solid-liquid separation step in which livestock waste is dehydrated and dried to a water content of 60% in a solid-liquid separator, and then separated into 50% by weight of livestock waste slurry with a water content of 60% and 50% by weight of separated treated water;

manufacturing a highly concentrated liquid fertilizer by drying and concentrating the treated water separated and transferred to the liquid fertilizer storage tank (A) through a dry concentrator;

The axial slurry separated through the solid-liquid separator is transferred to a multi-stage dryer through an input conveyor;

When dehydration and drying processes are performed in a multi-stage dryer to further lower the moisture content to 20% or less, the separated moisture is collected in a separate liquid fertilizer storage tank (B) and transferred to the liquid fertilizer storage tank (A) for producing highly concentrated liquid fertilizer,

Livestock slurry with a lower moisture content is transferred to a pellet machine through a discharge conveyor and a transfer conveyor;

The slurry transferred to the pellet machine is a biochar conversion unit that converts the biomass into biochar by transferring and injecting the biomass dried and stored in the drying unit through a transfer pipe;

A heat source recovery unit that recovers combustion smoke generated from the biochar conversion unit to a high heat recovery unit to re-combust it and supplies the heat source generated thereby through a heat source supply pipe;

A biochar recovery unit that generates combustion smoke in the biochar conversion unit, receives the remaining biochar through a biochar recovery pipe, cools it, separates and selects dust, and recovers the biochar; and

It includes a livestock waste liquid storage unit that recovers and purifies the livestock waste vinegar that is condensed and generated during the combustion of incomplete combustion smoke in the high heat recovery device, and then stores it,

In recovering the combustion smoke from the heat source recovery unit to a high heat recovery unit, a blower equipped with an inverter for intensity control is further installed in the middle of the heat source supply pipe,

The biochar recovery unit is equipped with a suction part for sucking biochar particles through a biochar recovery pipe, and a water cooling device for cooling with water is further installed,

A biochar manufacturing device using biomass is provided, wherein the suction part is equipped with a controller that controls the transfer of biochar.

The minimum energy livestock waste treatment device and livestock waste biochar manufacturing method using a self-contained upward airflow type biochar manufacturing device reduces most of the odorous substances generated during composting by immediately processing livestock waste (2 days), and the treated water is 450%. It is produced by drying and pyrolysis at temperatures above 100 degrees Celsius, so it has the characteristic of eliminating odorous substances.

In addition, it produces biochar that is 1/4 of the amount of existing compost produced. Biochar is mostly composed of non-decomposable carbon, and its nutrients do not accumulate in the soil due to slow release, so it can achieve the soil improvement effect and the double effect of slow release fertilizer.

In addition, large amounts of livestock manure can be processed immediately after collection, and high-temperature water treatment makes it possible to prevent eutrophication, adsorb eutrophic substances, and use activated carbon as a substitute.

In particular, the present invention has the useful effect of minimizing methane and nitrogen dioxide generated during livestock manure treatment, which accounts for 20% of the total greenhouse gas production in the agricultural sector.

By carbonizing by complete carbonization rather than torrefaction of livestock manure, it carbonizes itself in a closed air state and has the characteristic of reducing energy consumption because almost no external energy such as electricity, gas, or oil is used.

1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of a biochar production device according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the drying section of the biochar production device according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a detailed configuration diagram of a high heat recovery device in the biochar production device according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the biochar conversion unit and heat source recovery unit of the biochar production apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a detailed configuration diagram of the biochar recovery unit in the biochar manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a detailed configuration of the wood vinegar storage part of the biochar production device according to the present invention.
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the concept and overall flow of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a flow chart showing the overall flow of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a plan view of the overall biochar manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 9.
Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Figure 9.
Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of Figure 9.
Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of Figure 9.
Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of Figure 9.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be examined in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the existing issues and alternatives for livestock meal to be solved by the present invention are shown in a table.

Previously, livestock waste generated from livestock farms was fermented into organic fertilizer and liquid manure through the composting or liquid fertilizer process and spread on the soil, or the remaining livestock waste was dumped into the ocean. However, marine dumping was banned, and agricultural production decreased due to salt accumulation and accumulation of nutrients in the soil. Therefore, the problem of disposal of livestock manure is emerging as a result of the implementation of the nutrient total system, which regulates excessive use of fertilizers and compost.

In addition, the problem of handling livestock manure is developing into a social problem as complaints from neighbors continue to arise due to bad odors.

In addition, livestock raising generates approximately 50% of greenhouse gases in Korea's agricultural sector, and greenhouse gases generated through fermentation of livestock manure during livestock manure processing account for 50% of the total emissions in the livestock industry, generating a significant amount of greenhouse gases. Reducing greenhouse gases is the most urgent problem that needs to be solved.

This invention solves social problems by minimizing the generation of odor and reducing civil complaints, solves gas problems and salt accumulation that occurred in existing organic fertilizers and liquid fertilizers by turning livestock manure into biochar, and omits the fermentation process to produce a large amount of waste. It has the effect of reducing greenhouse gases.

Meanwhile, looking at the overall configuration of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention through the drawings, in the process of inputting through the hopper 5 and the input conveyor 3, the livestock waste (S) is about 1 to 3 cm, more preferably about 1 to 2 cm. First and second crushers 1 and 2 for pulverizing into particles having a length of cm and a drying unit 10 for heating and drying the pulverized livestock waste while it is transported along the transfer conveyor 4 are provided.

In addition, it includes a biochar conversion unit 300 that converts the livestock waste into biochar (T) by transporting and injecting the livestock waste dried and stored in the drying unit 10 through the transfer pipe 31,

A heat source recovery unit 30 that recovers combustion smoke generated from the biochar conversion unit 300 to the high heat recovery unit 20 and re-combusts it, and supplies the heat source generated thereby through the heat source supply pipe 21, and the bio It is composed of a biochar recovery unit (40) that generates combustion smoke in the tea conversion unit, receives the remaining biochar (T) through the biochar recovery pipe (41), cools it, separates and selects the dust, and recovers the biochar. do.

In addition, in recovering the combustion smoke from the heat source recovery unit 30 to the high heat recovery device 20, the blower 29 is provided with an inverter 29-1 for intensity adjustment in the middle portion of the heat source supply pipe 21. ) is installed.

In addition, it is structurally characterized in that it includes a wood vinegar storage unit 50 that recovers and purifies the wood vinegar that has been condensed and generated during combustion of incomplete combustion smoke in the high heat recovery device (20) and then stores it.

At this time, the biochar recovery unit 40 is installed with a suction unit 42 for sucking biochar particles through the biochar recovery pipe 41, and a water cooling device 400 for cooling with water is further installed, The suction part is characterized by being equipped with a controller 420 that controls the transfer of biochar.

Looking at the configuration of the drying unit 10 in more detail with reference to FIG. 2, inside the housing, the transfer conveyor 4 is composed of multiple stages with different heights, so that the biomass (S) can be dried during the transfer process. , On each path, a spreading brush (12) to spread the biomass material evenly and a fur brush (11) to shake off material that has not fallen to the conveyor at the bottom are installed at a plurality of locations to dry the biomass. An air volume controller (13) is installed to control the air volume at the hot air inlet, through which hot air is supplied to evaporate ammonia gas and moisture, and at the bottom of the device, the biomass discharged through the discharge hopper (6) after drying is stored in a storage tank ( A discharge conveyor (7) was constructed to discharge to 8).

The unexplained symbol 9 indicates a flue for discharging steam.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the high heat recovery device 20 is equipped with an air volume generator 21a to induce incomplete combustion smoke in the heat source supply pipe 21, and a smoke storage 22 in which the induced and supplied smoke is primarily stored. , a plurality of smoke discharge pipes 23 installed to guide smoke from the smoke storage 22 to the combustion chamber 24, and an ignition burner 25 for igniting combustion smoke in the combustion chamber 24.

At this time, if the livestock manure used in the present invention has a lot of moisture, is relatively large in weight, and has irregularly large particles, carbonization occurs only when combustion smoke is discharged after ignition. If combustion smoke is not smoothly discharged, biochar is not formed and is converted to ash. It becomes Therefore, it is necessary to discharge combustion smoke with strong force, and accordingly, installation of the blower 29 is essential, and an inverter 29-1 that can adjust the strength of the blower 29 according to the condition of the axial duster inside. installation is required.

In FIG. 3, the unexplained symbol 26 represents a discharge blocking short circuit breaker, 27 represents a heating wire, and 28 represents a valve that controls the flow of wood vinegar into the recovery pipe (51').

And, as shown in Figure 4, the biochar conversion unit is transferred from the livestock manure slurry storage 38 through the livestock manure slurry transfer pipe 31, and a plurality of livestock manure slurry storage units 32 into which the input livestock manure is sequentially introduced, and each livestock manure slurry A rarefied rod (33) that ignites the livestock manure slurry introduced into the storage unit (32) to generate combustion smoke, and a biochar discharge gate (34) located in the lower part of the livestock manure slurry storage unit (32) to select biochar. It includes a perforated net gate (35) for sending to the side, and an air volume controller (36).

At this time, it is preferable that the biochar conversion unit 300 is equipped with an oxygen control device and a temperature control device so that the internal temperature is 100 to 600 ° C, more preferably 400 to 550 ° C.

The livestock slurry transfer pipe 31 includes a vertical transfer pipe 31a for raising the livestock slurry particles from the livestock slurry storage 38 and a horizontal transfer pipe for transferring the raised livestock slurry back to each storage unit 32 ( In the state consisting of 31b), a transfer screw 37 is installed inside each transfer pipe, and the end of the horizontal transfer pipe 31b is provided with a residual feed slurry outlet 39 through which the remaining feed slurry is discharged for recovery, not described. Code 32a represents a biomass supply confirmation device.

In addition, in the present invention, a single or plural rare rod 33 is installed in the biochar conversion unit 300, and a control panel is installed to adjust the heating time of the rare rod 33 according to the state of the biomass inside. It is desirable for a timer 330 to be installed.

In addition, a water cooling device 400 is further provided to primarily cool the biochar generated in the biochar conversion unit 300. In the above-mentioned applicant's pre-registered patent, it was easily possible to cool agricultural by-products (rice husks) with small particles by air cooling, but the present invention uses livestock manure to efficiently cool the internal temperature.

For this purpose, air cooling alone was insufficient, so a water cooling method using water circulation was used. At this time, cooling is performed using a water cooling method, but it is preferable to use a water cooling method to prevent the biochar from absorbing moisture.

And Figure 5 shows the biochar recovery unit 40, a recovery pipe 41 for recovering biochar (T) discharged through the biochar discharge gate 34 at the bottom of each pellet storage unit 32. , a suction unit 42 that generates suction force for recovery of biochar, a biochar separator 43 that separates dust and biochar among particles introduced by the suction force of the suction unit 42, and the biochar separator 43. It consists of a dust discharge pipe (44) and a dust storage tank (45) for separating and collecting dust flowing into the dust.

In addition, the suction unit 42 is additionally provided with a controller 420 to control the transport of the biochar being manufactured. In the case of the biochar obtained above, the controller is obtained using heavy wood such as fruit tree pruning, street tree pruning, and forest thinning material, so when using a general blower as before, transportation is not smooth and separation from dust is not easy. there is a problem.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention serves to adjust the suction power of the inhaler according to the density of biochar. In other words, the biochar obtained in the present invention has a density (density) that is very weak compared to the case of using existing rice husk or paper sludge, so it is not transported smoothly when inhaled, and thus there is a problem in that it is not easy to separate from dust.

Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention is characterized by providing a controller 420 that can adjust the suction force in the suction unit 42.

A quantitative discharge valve 48 is installed at the bottom of the biochar separator 43 to quantitatively discharge the separated biochar, and a dust collector 46 and an air discharge pipe for collecting dust are installed at the top of the dust storage tank 45. (47) This connection is constructed. The unexplained symbol 49 represents a short wave device.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the wood vinegar storage unit 50 is connected from the high heat recovery device 20 to the recovery pipes 51 and 51' and heats the recovered liquid again in the purification furnace 67 to vaporize it. Burner 61, cooler 62 and cooling fan 63 for condensing the vaporized gas, filtration tank 64 for filtering the condensed wood vinegar, and a plurality of filtration filters 65a, 65b, 65c, filtration A wood vinegar purifier (60) was constructed consisting of a tar discharge valve (66) for discharging the tar deposited at the bottom of the purification furnace (67) to the outside.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the incomplete combustion smoke that is guided to the high heat recovery device 20 through the heat source supply pipe 21 and stored primarily in the lower smoke storage 22 is emitted from the combustion chamber 24 to the ignition burner 25. By ignition and complete combustion, the temperature is converted to a relatively low temperature of about 100 to 600°C, and hot air is supplied into the drying unit 10, which is used to dry livestock slurry, that is, pelletized slurry.

On the other hand, the livestock waste vinegar that is generated by combustion of the heat source in the high heat recovery device 20 and accumulates on the bottom is guided through the vinegar recovery pipes 51 and 51' and is transferred to the livestock waste liquid purifier 60 as shown in FIG. 6. ), where the tar contained in the livestock acetate recovered in the purification furnace (67) precipitates on the bottom and is discharged through the discharge valve (66), and only the liquid livestock acetate is heated by the heating burner ( It is vaporized by heating in 61) and condensed again while passing through the cooler 62, and the condensed acetate liquid is purified while passing through the filtration tank 64 and the step-by-step filtration filter 65c, thereby forming a storage unit for the acetate acetate liquid. In (50), only pure livestock extract is stored.

In addition, when the biochar produced in the pelletized livestock waste slurry storage unit 32 is discharged through the biochar discharge gate 34, it is recovered along the biochar recovery pipe 41 by the suction force of the suction unit 42 and cooled in water. This will come true. At this time, biochar contains fine foreign substances such as dust, which are separated in the biochar separator 43.

That is, the biochar that flows into the biochar separator 43 by the suction force of the inhaler 42 descends and accumulates at the bottom by the self-weight of the particles, and the fine dust descends and then rises again through the dust discharge pipe 44. After that, the dust is collected in the dust collector (46) and stored in the dust storage tank (45).

Above, the apparatus for producing biochar using livestock manure slurry according to the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The biochar manufactured using the present invention can be packaged individually and used as a soil improvement material to reduce carbon dioxide, an insulation material for construction (thermal conductivity 0.040w/mk), a dehumidifier or deodorizer (for automobiles or indoors), or as a waste soil (earthworm). Topsoil can be manufactured by mixing perlite, vermiculite, coco peat moss, etc.

In particular, if biochar is packaged in an air-permeable bag and stored with rice or fruit, its freshness can be improved, the shelf life can be extended, the flavor is good, and the smell of steaming caused by rice bugs can be prevented. Additionally, odor can be removed through fermentation by adding 5 to 15% of livestock manure organic fertilizer.

In addition, it can be used as an insulating material in the steel industry, and when biochar is activated, its specific surface area increases and it can replace activated carbon. Additionally, if it is used for thermal power generation instead of coal, a fossil fuel, it is classified as carbon neutral renewable energy.

The embodiments described above are illustrative of only a few of many specific embodiments that illustrate the principles described herein. Accordingly, by using the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will be able to easily implement many different arrangements within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention. In the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but of course, various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and should be determined by the scope of the claims described below as well as the scope of these claims and their equivalents.

1,2: Grinder
3: Input conveyor
4: Transfer conveyor
5: Hopper
7: Discharge conveyor
8: storage tank
10: drying section
13: Air volume regulator
20: High heat recovery unit
21: Heat source supply pipe
22: Smoke storage
23: Smoke discharge pipe
24: combustion chamber
25: Ignition burner
29: Brower
29-1: Inverter
30: Heat source recovery unit
31: Agricultural by-product transfer pipe
32: Agricultural by-product storage department
33: Heeteobong
330: Timer
34: Biochar discharge gate
35: Perforated mesh gate
36: Air volume regulator
37: transfer screw
40: Biochar recovery unit
41: Biochar recovery pipe
42: suction part
420: Controller
43: biochar separator
44: dust discharge pipe
45: storage tank
50: Livestock vinegar storage unit
51,51': Livestock extract recovery pipe
60: Livestock extract purifier
61: Heating burner
62: cooler
63: cooling fan
64: Filtration tank

Claims (1)

When the axial slurry with a moisture content of 60% through the solid-liquid separator is transferred to the multi-stage dryer through the input conveyor, the moisture separated through the dryer is collected in the liquid fertilizer storage tank.
The moisture collected in the liquid fertilizer storage tank (B) is transferred to a large liquid fertilizer storage tank for producing highly concentrated liquid fertilizer,
The axenic slurry with a moisture content of 20% d separated in the multi-stage dryer is pelletized through a pellet machine and transferred to a biochar producer to be converted into biochar,
A heat source recovery unit that recovers combustion smoke generated from the biochar conversion unit to a high heat recovery unit to re-combust it and supplies the heat source generated thereby through a heat source supply pipe;
A biochar recovery unit that generates combustion smoke in the biochar conversion unit, receives the remaining biochar through a biochar recovery pipe, cools it, separates and selects dust, and recovers the biochar; and
It includes a livestock waste liquid storage unit that recovers and purifies the livestock waste vinegar that is condensed and generated during the combustion of incomplete combustion smoke in the high heat recovery device and then stores it,
In recovering the combustion smoke from the heat source recovery unit to the high heat recovery unit, a blower equipped with an inverter for intensity control is further installed in the middle of the heat source supply pipe,
The biochar recovery unit is equipped with a suction part for sucking biochar particles through the biochar recovery pipe, and a water cooling device for cooling with water is further installed,
A biochar manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized in that the suction part is equipped with a controller that controls the transfer of biochar.