KR20240075183A - Bulk emulsion explosive composition with improved sensitivity - Google Patents
Bulk emulsion explosive composition with improved sensitivity Download PDFInfo
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- KR20240075183A KR20240075183A KR1020220156905A KR20220156905A KR20240075183A KR 20240075183 A KR20240075183 A KR 20240075183A KR 1020220156905 A KR1020220156905 A KR 1020220156905A KR 20220156905 A KR20220156905 A KR 20220156905A KR 20240075183 A KR20240075183 A KR 20240075183A
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 title description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 amine salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(1,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=C2 AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/002—Sensitisers or density reducing agents, foam stabilisers, crystal habit modifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
- C06B47/145—Water in oil emulsion type explosives in which a carbonaceous fuel forms the continuous phase
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 80~98 중량%의 산화제 수용액, 0.1~10 중량%의 유화제, 및 0.1~10 중량%의 연료유를 포함하는 폭약용 에멀젼 30 내지 40 중량%; 및
평균입도가 0.1mm 내지 1.5mm인 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상 60 내지 70 중량%;를 포함하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물을 제공한다.The present invention provides 30 to 40% by weight of an emulsion for explosives containing 80 to 98% by weight of an aqueous oxidizing agent solution, 0.1 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of fuel oil; and
Provided is a bulk emulsion explosive composition containing 60 to 70% by weight of at least one selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) having an average particle size of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.
Description
본 발명은 감도가 향상된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a bulk emulsion explosive composition with improved sensitivity.
발파현장에서 경암이나 극경암에 사용하기 위한 고에너지 에멀젼 폭약은 계속적으로 요구되어왔다. 하지만 고비중 제품일수록 고에너지를 구현할 수 있음에도 불구하고 기폭감도 문제로 인해 에멀젼의 예감화를 통해 비중을 1.25 g/cc 이하로 설계해 발파 현장에서 사용되어 왔다. There has been a continued need for high-energy emulsion explosives for use against hard or extremely hard rocks at blasting sites. However, although products with higher specific gravity can realize higher energy, due to the problem of detonation sensitivity, the specific gravity has been designed to be less than 1.25 g/cc through emulsion sensitization and has been used at blasting sites.
이러한 문제를 개선하기 위해 사용되는 벌크 폭약 중 Heavy ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 조성은 감도가 낮아 공경이 작거나 공 깊이가 낮은 경우 정상 폭속에 도달되지 않아 완전한 발파가 이루어 지지 않는다. 따라서 기존의 Heavy ANFO 제품은 고비중으로 고위력의 제품 설계가 가능함에도 불구하고 제한적인 현장에서 사용되어 왔다. 고위력을 얻기 위해 사용하는 Heavy ANFO제품은 ANFO와 에멀젼을 약 3~7 : 3~7의 중량비로 섞어서 쓰는 것이 일반적인데, 이러한 제품들은 보통 6 내지 8 inch 이상의 발파 공경이 확보되어야만 정상 성능을 낼 수 있어 일부 산업용 폭약 제조 업체는 이러한 제한적인 현장사용성을 개선하기 위해 Heavy ANFO제품에 GMB(Glass microsphere bubble), PMB(Plastic micro balloon) 또는 화학적으로 예감화된 가스등 별도의 예감제를 넣어 사용하기도 하였다. Among the bulk explosives used to improve this problem, Heavy ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) composition has low sensitivity, so when the hole diameter is small or the hole depth is low, the normal detonation velocity is not reached and complete blasting does not occur. Therefore, the existing Heavy ANFO products have been used in limited fields even though they enable high-force product design due to their high specific gravity. Heavy ANFO products used to achieve high force are generally mixed with ANFO and emulsion at a weight ratio of about 3~7:3~7. These products usually only achieve normal performance when a blast hole diameter of 6 to 8 inches or more is secured. In order to improve this limited field usability, some industrial explosive manufacturers add a separate precipitant such as GMB (Glass microsphere bubble), PMB (Plastic micro balloon), or chemically precipitated gas to Heavy ANFO products. did.
그러나 별도의 예감제를 추가 하는 경우에는 추가적인 공정을 필요로 하거나, 예감제 부피로 인해 발파 시 장약 차량의 전체적인 제품 운반 능력이 낮아져 실제로 광산에서의 작업시간을 지연시키는 등의 단점이 있었다.However, when adding a separate precipitant, there were disadvantages such as requiring an additional process or reducing the overall product transport capacity of the charging vehicle during blasting due to the preservative volume, which actually delayed work time in the mine.
본 발명은 종래기술의 상기와 같은 문제를 해소하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, The present invention was devised to solve the above problems of the prior art,
기존 제품 대비 10% 이상 폭발속도가 증가되며, 정상 폭속을 낼 수 있는 기폭약경이 1 inch 이상 감소되어 다양한 환경에서 사용이 가능한 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The purpose is to provide a bulk emulsion explosive composition that can be used in a variety of environments by increasing the explosion speed by more than 10% compared to existing products and reducing the detonation diameter that can produce normal explosion speed by more than 1 inch.
또한, 기폭감도가 우수하여 별도의 예감제의 사용없이도 고비중 설계가 가능하며, 이에 따라 고에너지를 확보하는 것이 가능한 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, the purpose is to provide a bulk emulsion explosive composition that has excellent detonation sensitivity, enabling high specific gravity design without the use of a separate precipitant, and thereby securing high energy.
본 발명은 This invention
80~98 중량%의 산화제 수용액, 0.1~10 중량%의 유화제, 및 0.1~10 중량%의 연료유를 포함하는 폭약용 에멀젼 30 내지 40 중량%; 및 30 to 40% by weight of an emulsion for explosives containing 80 to 98% by weight of an aqueous oxidizing agent solution, 0.1 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of fuel oil; and
평균입도가 0.1mm 내지 1.5mm인 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상 60 내지 70 중량%;를 포함하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물을 제공한다.Provided is a bulk emulsion explosive composition containing 60 to 70% by weight of at least one selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) having an average particle size of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.
본 발명의 본 발명의 에멀젼 폭약 조성물은 기존 제품 대비 10% 이상 폭발속도를 증가시키며, 정상 폭속을 낼 수 있는 기폭약경을 1 inch 이상 감소시키므로, 다양한 환경에서 사용이 가능한 효과를 제공한다.The emulsion explosive composition of the present invention increases the explosion speed by more than 10% compared to existing products and reduces the detonation diameter that can produce normal detonation velocity by more than 1 inch, providing an effect that can be used in various environments.
또한, 기폭감도가 우수하여 별도의 예감제를 사용없이도 고비중 설계 및 고에너지를 확보가 가능하며, 이에 따라 경암이나 극경암 지역과 같은 고위력 제품이 요구되는 지역에서 효율적인 발파가 가능한 효과를 제공한다.In addition, the detonation sensitivity is excellent, making it possible to design a high specific gravity and secure high energy without using a separate detector, thereby providing the effect of efficient blasting in areas that require high-force products such as hard rock or extremely hard rock areas. do.
또한, 별도의 예감제를 사용하지 않으므로, 기존에 플라스틱예감제를 사용하는 제품 대비 발파 후 CO2 발생 감소 효과를 제공한다.In addition, since it does not use a separate precipitant, it provides a reduction in CO 2 generation after blasting compared to products that use existing plastic preservatives.
도 1은 시험예 1에서 확인된, 실시예 1-10에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물과 비교예 1-2에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물의 폭발속도를 비교하여 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 2는 시험예 2에서 확인된, 4 내지 5 inch의 기폭약경에서 실시예 3 및 8에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물과 비교예 1-2에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물의 폭발속도와 기폭감도를 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 3은 시험예 3에서 확인된, 실시예 8에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물과 비교예 3에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물에 대한 현장 시험 발파 결과를 나타낸 그래프이다.Figure 1 is a graph comparing the explosion speed of the bulk emulsion explosive composition prepared in Example 1-10, confirmed in Test Example 1, and the bulk emulsion explosive composition prepared in Comparative Example 1-2.
Figure 2 shows the explosion speed and detonation sensitivity of the bulk emulsion explosive composition prepared in Examples 3 and 8 and the bulk emulsion explosive composition prepared in Comparative Example 1-2 at the detonation diameter of 4 to 5 inches, which was confirmed in Test Example 2. This is the graph shown.
Figure 3 is a graph showing field test blasting results for the bulk emulsion explosive composition prepared in Example 8 and the bulk emulsion explosive composition prepared in Comparative Example 3, confirmed in Test Example 3.
이하에서 본 발명을 자세하게 설명한다. The present invention will be described in detail below.
본 발명의 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물은 80~98 중량%의 산화제 수용액, 0.1~10 중량%의 유화제, 및 0.1~10 중량%의 연료유를 포함하는 폭약용 에멀젼 30 내지 40 중량%; 및 평균입도가 0.1mm 내지 1.5mm인 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상 60 내지 70 중량%;를 포함하는 특징을 갖는다.The bulk emulsion explosive composition of the present invention includes 30 to 40% by weight of an emulsion for explosives containing 80 to 98% by weight of an aqueous oxidizing agent solution, 0.1 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of fuel oil; and 60 to 70% by weight of at least one selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) having an average particle size of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.
본 발명의 에멀젼 폭약 조성물은 기존 제품 대비 10% 이상의 폭발속도를 증가시키며, 정상 폭속을 낼 수 있는 기폭약경을 1 inch 이상 감소시켜서, 종래의 폭약 조성물보다 다양한 환경에서 사용가능한 특징을 갖는다.The emulsion explosive composition of the present invention increases the explosion speed by more than 10% compared to existing products and reduces the detonation diameter that can produce normal detonation velocity by more than 1 inch, so it has the feature that it can be used in a variety of environments than conventional explosive compositions.
또한, 종래의 에멀젼 폭약 조성물은 고에너지를 확보하기 위해 고비중으로 제품을 설계하는 경우 기폭감도가 저하되므로, 높은 비중제품을 설계하는 것에 한계가 있었으나, 본 발명의 에멀젼 폭약 조성물은 기폭 감도를 향상시킴으로써 별도 예감제의 사용 없이도 고비중으로 제품을 설계하는 것이 가능하며, 이에 따라 더 높은 에너지를 확보할 수 있는 특징을 갖는다. 또한, 이러한 특징에 따라 경암이나 극경암 지역과 같은 고위력 제품이 요구되는 지역에서 효율적인 발파가 가능한 특징을 갖는다.In addition, the conventional emulsion explosive composition had a limitation in designing high specific gravity products because the detonation sensitivity was reduced when the product was designed with a high specific gravity to secure high energy. However, the emulsion explosive composition of the present invention improves the detonation sensitivity by improving the detonation sensitivity. It is possible to design a product with a high specific gravity without the use of a separate preservative, and thus has the feature of securing higher energy. In addition, these characteristics enable efficient blasting in areas where high-force products are required, such as hard rock or extremely hard rock areas.
또한, 별도의 예감제를 사용하지 않으므로, 기존에 플라스틱예감제를 사용하는 제품 대비 발파 후 CO2 발생을 감소시키는 특징을 갖는다.In addition, since it does not use a separate precipitant, it has the characteristic of reducing CO 2 generation after blasting compared to products that use existing plastic precipitants.
상기 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상은 평균입도가 1.3mm 이하, 1.1mm 이하, 1.0mm 이하, 0.85mm 이하, 0.75mm 이하, 0.6mm 이하, 또는 0.5mm 이하일 수 있다. At least one selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) has an average particle size of 1.3 mm or less, 1.1 mm or less, 1.0 mm or less, 0.85 mm or less, 0.75 mm or less, 0.6 mm or less, Or it may be 0.5 mm or less.
상기에서 입도가 감소할수록 같은 조건에서 폭발속도가 증가되는 경향을 나타낸다. In the above, as the particle size decreases, the explosion speed tends to increase under the same conditions.
상기 평균입도가 0.1mm 내지 1.5mm인 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상은 ANFO인 것이 더 바람직할 수 있다. It may be more preferable that at least one type selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) having an average particle size of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm is ANFO.
본 발명에서 폭약용 에멀젼은 80~98 중량%의 산화제 수용액, 0.1~10 중량%의 유화제, 및 0.1~10 중량%의 연료유를 포함한다. 또한, 88~98 중량%의 산화제 수용액, 0.1~6 중량%의 유화제, 및 0.1~6 중량%의 연료유를 포함할 수 있다.In the present invention, the emulsion for explosives includes 80 to 98% by weight of an oxidizing agent aqueous solution, 0.1 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of fuel oil. In addition, it may include 88 to 98% by weight of an oxidizing agent aqueous solution, 0.1 to 6% by weight of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 6% by weight of fuel oil.
상기 산화제 수용액의 조성비가 상기 범위를 벗어나면 에멀젼이 형성되지 않을 수 있으며, 양이 적을 경우에는 불폭되는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 상기 유화제의 조성비가 상기 범위를 벗어나면 에멀젼이 형성되지 않거나 불폭되는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 상기 연료유의 조성비가 상기 범위를 벗어나면 에멀젼이 형성되지 않거나, 불폭되는 문제가 발생할 수 있다.If the composition ratio of the oxidizing agent aqueous solution is outside the above range, an emulsion may not be formed, and if the amount is small, a problem of detonation may occur. If the composition ratio of the emulsifier is outside the above range, the emulsion may not be formed or the emulsion may not detonate. If the composition ratio of the fuel oil is outside the above range, problems such as emulsion not being formed or detonation may occur.
본 발명의 일 실시형태에 있어서, 상기 산화제 수용액은 질산암모늄 60 내지 88 중량%, 질산나트륨 5 내지 20 중량%, 및 물 10 내지 20 중량%을 포함할 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the aqueous oxidizing agent solution may include 60 to 88% by weight of ammonium nitrate, 5 to 20% by weight of sodium nitrate, and 10 to 20% by weight of water.
본 발명의 일 실시형태에 있어서, 상기 유화제는 SMO(Sorbitan monoleate) 및 PIBSA 아민염(Amine salt of polyisobutylenesuccinicanhydride) 등으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상이 사용될 수 있으나, 상기 성분으로 제한되는 것은 아니다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the emulsifier may be one or more selected from the group consisting of sorbitan monoleate (SMO) and amine salt of polyisobutylenesuccinicanhydride (PIBSA), etc., but is not limited to the above components.
본 발명의 일 실시형태에 있어서, 상기 연료유는 왁스, 광유, 경유, 및 유동파라핀 등으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상일 수 있다.In one embodiment of the present invention, the fuel oil may be one or more types selected from the group consisting of wax, mineral oil, diesel oil, and liquid paraffin.
본 발명의 일 실시형태에 있어서, 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물은 별도의 예감제를 사용하지 않고, ANFO로만 예감된 것일 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, the bulk emulsion explosive composition may be preselected only with ANFO without using a separate prophylactic agent.
상기 별도의 예감제는 GMB(Glass Micro Balloon), PMB(Plastic Micro balloon), 및 화학적 개싱제(chemical gassing agent)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상일 수 있다.The separate premonitoring agent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of GMB (Glass Micro Balloon), PMB (Plastic Micro Balloon), and chemical gassing agent.
상기와 같은 별도의 예감제를 추가 하는 경우 추가적인 공정을 필요로 하거나, 예감제 부피로 인해 발파 시 장약 차량의 전체적인 제품 운반 능력이 낮아져 광산에서의 작업시간을 지연시키는 등의 단점이 있으나, 본 발명은 이러한 단점을 갖지 않는다.When adding a separate precipitant as described above, there are disadvantages such as requiring an additional process or reducing the overall product transport capacity of the charging vehicle during blasting due to the preservative volume, thereby delaying work time in the mine, but the present invention does not have this drawback.
이하에서, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명한다. 그러나, 하기의 실시예는 본 발명을 더욱 구체적으로 설명하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명의 범위가 하기의 실시예에 의하여 한정되는 것은 아니다. 하기의 실시예는 본 발명의 범위 내에서 당업자에 의해 적절히 수정, 변경될 수 있다. Below, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. However, the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in more detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples. The following examples can be appropriately modified and changed by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
실시예 1-11 및 비교예 1-3: 감도가 향상된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물 제조Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-3: Preparation of bulk emulsion explosive composition with improved sensitivity
질산암모늄 70 중량%, 질산나트륨 15 중량%, 및 물 15 중량%로 이루어진 산화제 수용액 93 중량%와; 경유 6 중량% 및 유화제 1 중량%로 이루어진 혼합물 연료용액 7 중량%;를 유화기로 유화시켜 폭약용 에멀젼을 제조하였다. 하기 표 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, 상기 폭약용 에멀젼 및 파쇄된 ANFO를 혼합하였다. 이 때, 상기 ANFO의 평균입도는 각각 2.0mm, 1.50mm, 1.25mm, 1.00mm, 0.75mm, 또는 0.50mm로 첨가하여 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물을 제조하였다.93% by weight of an oxidizing agent aqueous solution consisting of 70% by weight of ammonium nitrate, 15% by weight of sodium nitrate, and 15% by weight of water; An emulsion for explosives was prepared by emulsifying 7% by weight of a mixture fuel solution consisting of 6% by weight of diesel oil and 1% by weight of emulsifier with an emulsifier. As shown in Table 1 below, the explosive emulsion and crushed ANFO were mixed. At this time, a bulk emulsion explosive composition was prepared by adding the ANFO with an average particle size of 2.0mm, 1.50mm, 1.25mm, 1.00mm, 0.75mm, or 0.50mm, respectively.
시험예 1: ANFO 입자크기에 따른 폭발속도 평가Test Example 1: Evaluation of explosion speed according to ANFO particle size
상기 실시예 1 내지 10에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물 및 비교예 1 내지 2에서 제조된 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물의 폭발속도를 비교하였다. 폭발속도는 Φ50 mm 강관에 confined 된 조건에서 평가하고, 그 결과를 도 1에 나타내었다.The explosion speeds of the bulk emulsion explosive compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 10 and the bulk emulsion explosive compositions prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were compared. The explosion speed was evaluated under conditions confined to a Φ50 mm steel pipe, and the results are shown in Figure 1.
상기 시험결과, 도 1에 나타난 바와 같이, 파쇄된 ANFO 입도가 작아질수록 같은 조건에서 폭발속도가 증가되는 경향이 확인되었으며, ANFO의 평균입도가 1.5 mm 이하인 경우, 평균입도가 2 mm인 경우(비교예 1 및 2)와 비교하여 대부분의 경우에서 폭발속도가 증가된 것으로 확인되었다.As shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 1, it was confirmed that the explosion speed tends to increase under the same conditions as the crushed ANFO particle size decreases. When the average particle size of ANFO is 1.5 mm or less, when the average particle size is 2 mm ( Compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2), it was confirmed that the explosion speed increased in most cases.
또한, 에멀젼과 ANFO를 3:7의 중량비로 혼합한 경우(실시예 1-5) 에멀젼과 ANFO를 4:6의 중량비로 혼합한 경우(실시예 6-10)보다 폭발속도가 향상된 것이 확인되었다. In addition, it was confirmed that when the emulsion and ANFO were mixed at a weight ratio of 3:7 (Example 1-5), the explosion speed was improved compared to when the emulsion and ANFO were mixed at a weight ratio of 4:6 (Example 6-10). .
시험예 2: 기폭 약경별 폭발속도 평가Test Example 2: Evaluation of explosion speed by detonation diameter
Φ 50mm 공경에서 실시된 시험예 1의 경우, 오차로 인한 간섭이 발생할 여지가 있음으로 정확한 차이를 확인하기 위해 큰 공경에서의 폭발속도와 기폭감도를 확인하는 시험을 실시하였다. In the case of Test Example 1 conducted at a hole diameter of Φ 50 mm, there was a possibility of interference due to error, so a test was conducted to check the explosion speed and detonation sensitivity at a large hole diameter to confirm the exact difference.
시험시료로는 파쇄 ANFO 중에서 폭속증가가 검증되고 취급성과 보관성에 더 유리한 것으로 확인된 ANFO의 평균입도가 1.0mm인 시료 및 ANFO의 평균입도가 2 mm인 시료를 선택하여 사용하였다. 일반적으로 ANFO 함량이 무게비가 60~70 중량%인 경우 6 inch 혹은 그 이상에서 정상 폭발속도가 확인 된다. 따라서 초기에 6 inch부터 시험을 실시하고 시험 결과에 따라 더 작은 기폭약경인 4 inch 및 5 inch에서도 기폭되는지 여부와 폭발 속도를 확인하였다. 좀 더 극명한 시험의 차이를 확인하기 위해 시료는 ANFO와 에멀젼의 비율이 7:3(실시예 3, 비교예 1)과 6:4(실시예 8, 비교예 2)인 시료를 지관에 담아 Unconfined 상태에서 시험하였다.As test samples, a sample with an average particle size of 1.0 mm of ANFO and a sample with an average particle size of 2 mm of ANFO, which were confirmed to have increased detonation velocity among crushed ANFO and were confirmed to be more advantageous for handling and storage, were selected and used. Generally, when the ANFO content is 60 to 70% by weight, normal explosion speed is confirmed at 6 inches or more. Therefore, the test was initially conducted starting from 6 inches, and based on the test results, the explosion speed and whether it could be detonated at smaller detonation diameters of 4 inches and 5 inches were confirmed. In order to check the difference in the test more clearly, samples with ANFO to emulsion ratios of 7:3 (Example 3, Comparative Example 1) and 6:4 (Example 8, Comparative Example 2) were placed in paper tubes and were unconfined. Tested in this condition.
상기 시험결과를 도 2에 나타내었다. 도 2로부터 확인되는 바와 같이, 시험결과 기존 ANFO(평균입도: 2.0mm)를 적용한 조성의 경우 ANFO과 에멀젼의 중량비가 7 : 3과 6 : 4인 시료 모두 파쇄 ANFO(평균입도: 1.0mm)를 적용한 시료보다 동일한 기폭약경에서 낮은 폭발속도를 갖는 것으로 측정되었다. 또한 6 : 4 시료의 경우 기존 ANFO(평균입도: 2.0mm)를 사용했을 경우 6 inch에서도 1회만 기폭되고 기폭되지 않거나 낮은 폭발속도로 기폭되는 등 낮은 기폭신뢰성을 갖는 것으로 확인 되었다. The test results are shown in Figure 2. As can be seen from Figure 2, as a result of the test, in the case of the composition using the existing ANFO (average particle size: 2.0mm), all samples with weight ratios of ANFO and emulsion of 7:3 and 6:4 were crushed ANFO (average particle size: 1.0mm). It was measured to have a lower explosion speed at the same detonation diameter than the applied sample. In addition, in the case of the 6:4 sample, when using the existing ANFO (average particle size: 2.0mm), it was confirmed that it had low detonation reliability, such as detonating only once even at 6 inches and not detonating or detonating at a low explosion speed.
반면, 파쇄 ANFO(평균입도: 1.0mm)를 적용하는 경우 기존 ANFO(평균입도: 2.0mm) 적용 시료 대비 동일한 기폭약경에서 최소 12% 최대 24%까지 폭발 속도가 상승하는 것으로 확인되었다. 뿐만 아니라 기존 ANFO 적용 시료는 기폭약경 6 inch에서 기폭신뢰성이 확보되지 않은 반면, 파쇄 ANFO를 적용한 6 : 4 시료(실시예 8)는 평균 3,600m/s로 6 inch에서 기폭되고 5 inch에서도 평균 6 inch에서와 비슷한 폭발속도가 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 시험 결과를 바탕으로 파쇄 ANFO를 적용하면 기존 ANFO 적용 시료 보다 높은 폭발속도가 확보되고 적은 기폭 약경에서도 사용할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있다.On the other hand, when crushed ANFO (average particle size: 1.0 mm) was applied, it was confirmed that the explosion speed increased by at least 12% and up to 24% at the same detonation diameter compared to the existing ANFO (average particle size: 2.0 mm) applied sample. In addition, the existing ANFO applied sample did not have detonation reliability at a detonation diameter of 6 inches, while the 6:4 sample using crushed ANFO (Example 8) was detonated at an average of 3,600 m/s at 6 inches and even at 5 inches, the detonation reliability was not secured at an average of 6 inches. It was confirmed that the explosion speed was similar to that of inch. Based on these test results, it can be seen that applying crushed ANFO ensures a higher explosion speed than the existing ANFO applied sample and can be used even with a small detonation force.
시험예 3: 에멀젼 폭약의 성능 평가Test Example 3: Performance evaluation of emulsion explosives
실제 환경에서의 적용가능성을 검증하기 위해 추가적으로 국내 현장에서 시험 발파를 실시 하였다. 국내 석회석 광산 현장에서 ANFO와 에멀젼의 중량비가 6.5 : 3.5로 이루어진 시료(실시예 11(ANFO 직경: 1mm) 및 비교예 3(ANFO 직경: 2mm))를 89mm의 공경에 각각 12m씩 장약하고 3m씩 전색하였다. 시험결과는 하기 표 2 및 도 3에 나타내었다.To verify applicability in a real environment, additional test blasting was conducted at a domestic site. At a domestic limestone mine site, samples (Example 11 (ANFO diameter: 1 mm) and Comparative Example 3 (ANFO diameter: 2 mm)) with a weight ratio of ANFO and emulsion of 6.5:3.5 were loaded into pore diameters of 89 mm for 12 m each and 3 m for each. It was all over. The test results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 3 below.
(m/s)explosion speed
(m/s)
상기 표 2 및 도 3의 결과로부터 89mm의 공경에서 파쇄 ANFO(평균직경: 1mm) 적용 조성이 기존 ANFO(평균직경: 2mm) 적용 조성과 비교하여, 폭발 성능 약 20% 향상된 것을 알 수 있다. From the results in Table 2 and Figure 3, it can be seen that the composition applied with crushed ANFO (average diameter: 1 mm) at a pore diameter of 89 mm improved explosion performance by about 20% compared to the composition applied with existing ANFO (average diameter: 2 mm).
Claims (7)
평균입도가 0.1mm 내지 1.5mm인 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상 60 내지 70 중량%;를 포함하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물.30 to 40% by weight of an emulsion for explosives containing 80 to 98% by weight of an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent, 0.1 to 10% by weight of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of fuel oil; and
A bulk emulsion explosive composition comprising 60 to 70% by weight of at least one selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) having an average particle size of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.
상기 산화제 수용액은 질산암모늄 60 내지 80 중량%, 질산나트륨 5 내지 20 중량%, 및 물 10 내지 20 중량%을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물.According to paragraph 1,
The oxidizing agent aqueous solution is a bulk emulsion explosive composition, characterized in that it contains 60 to 80% by weight of ammonium nitrate, 5 to 20% by weight of sodium nitrate, and 10 to 20% by weight of water.
상기 평균입도가 0.1mm 내지 1.5mm인 ANFO(Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) 및 PPAN(Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상은 ANFO인 것을 특징으로 하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물.According to paragraph 1,
A bulk emulsion explosive composition, characterized in that at least one type selected from ANFO (Ammonium nitrate fuel oil) and PPAN (Porous prilled ammonium nitrate) having an average particle size of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm is ANFO.
별도의 예감제를 사용하지 않고, ANFO로만 예감된 것을 특징으로 하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물.According to paragraph 3,
A bulk emulsion explosive composition characterized in that it is precipitated only with ANFO without using a separate precipitant.
상기 별도의 예감제는 GMB(Glass Micro Balloon), PMB(Plastic Micro balloon), 및 화학적 개싱제(chemical gassing agent)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물.According to paragraph 4,
A bulk emulsion explosive composition, characterized in that the separate precipitant is at least one selected from the group consisting of GMB (Glass Micro Balloon), PMB (Plastic Micro Balloon), and chemical gassing agent.
상기 유화제는 SMO(Sorbitan monoleate) 및 PIBSA 아민염(Amine salt of polyisobutylenesuccinicanhydride)으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물. According to paragraph 1,
A bulk emulsion explosive composition, characterized in that the emulsifier is at least one selected from the group consisting of SMO (Sorbitan monoleate) and PIBSA amine salt (Amine salt of polyisobutylenesuccinicanhydride).
상기 연료유는 왁스, 광유, 경유 및 유동파라핀으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 벌크 에멀젼 폭약 조성물.
According to paragraph 1,
A bulk emulsion explosive composition, characterized in that the fuel oil is at least one selected from the group consisting of wax, mineral oil, diesel oil, and liquid paraffin.
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| KR1020220156905A KR20240075183A (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Bulk emulsion explosive composition with improved sensitivity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080083920A (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-19 | 주식회사 한화 | Water-in-oil emulsion explosive |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080083920A (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-19 | 주식회사 한화 | Water-in-oil emulsion explosive |
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