KR20240045448A - Reformer and reforming system of pyrolysis-gas having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reforming device and a pyrolysis gas reforming system, which includes a primary reforming unit disposed in a pyrolysis unit for pyrolyzing waste and generating primary synthesis gas by reforming an oil and oil vapor mixture, and in the primary reforming unit It may be configured to include a secondary reforming unit that re-reforms the reformed primary synthesis gas to produce secondary synthesis gas. According to the present invention, the reforming device is linked to the pyrolysis device to reform through the heat generated from the pyrolysis device. By performing temperature reforming using an indirect heating method, there is an effect of improving reforming efficiency.

Description

Reformer and pyrolysis gas reforming system {REFORMER AND REFORMING SYSTEM OF PYROLYSIS-GAS HAVING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a reforming device and a pyrolysis gas reforming system, and more specifically, to a reforming device and a pyrolysis gas reforming system that improve the overall reforming efficiency by linking the reforming device to the pyrolysis device and performing temperature reforming in advance using an indirect heating method. It's about.

In addition, the present invention relates to a pyrolysis gas reforming system, and more specifically, to a pyrolysis gas reforming system that can maximize hydrogen production through reforming of pyrolysis gas by supplying heat to a pyrolysis unit (pyrolysis device) that pyrolyzes waste using waste heat. It is about gas reforming system.

With the development of industry, the production of products made from plastic or synthetic rubber is rapidly increasing, but due to economic burden and poor quality, the recycling rate for waste such as waste plastic and waste rubber is only negligible compared to the total production. This is the situation.

Accordingly, a method of converting waste into energy is being implemented, and in the case of incineration as a method of converting waste into energy, the pyrolysis method is attracting attention because the problem of air pollution occurs.

Conventionally, methods have been developed to obtain oil by melting and decomposing the waste by applying high heat to the waste and refining various oils obtained from the decomposition product. However, as hydrogen energy has recently been in the spotlight as a future energy source, there is a need to develop a method for producing hydrogen by reforming pyrolysis gas of waste.

Accordingly, unlike low-temperature pyrolysis (approximately 450°C) to obtain oil through conventional pyrolysis of waste, high-temperature pyrolysis (approximately 750°C) is required to obtain pyrolysis gas containing a large amount of low-carbon hydrocarbons through thermal decomposition of waste. , in this case, there is a problem that efficiency may decrease due to increased energy usage.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2011-0026933 (published March 16, 2011) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2011-0127915 (published on November 28, 2011)

The present invention was developed to solve the problems in the related technical field as described above. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the overall reforming efficiency by connecting a reforming device to a pyrolysis device and performing temperature reforming in advance using an indirect heating method. The purpose is to provide a device and a pyrolysis gas reforming system.

The present invention for achieving the above objects relates to a reforming device, which includes a primary reforming unit disposed in a pyrolysis unit for thermally decomposing waste and reforming an oil and oil vapor mixture to produce primary synthesis gas; and a secondary reforming unit that re-reforms the primary synthesis gas reformed in the primary reforming unit to produce secondary synthesis gas.

In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the primary reforming unit is a temperature reforming method and reforms C5 to C6 carbon compounds within the range of 450 to 550 ℃, and the secondary reforming unit is a temperature reforming method and C1 within the range of 750 to 850 ℃. to C4 carbon compounds can be modified.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the primary reforming unit includes an apparatus frame disposed on an inner upper portion of the pyrolysis unit; a tube disposed inside the device frame; a partition wall disposed inside the device frame and partitioning the inside of the device frame; An oil/oil vapor inlet disposed on the device frame and in communication with the tube; a primary synthesis gas outlet disposed on the device frame and communicating with the tube; a combustion gas inlet disposed in the device frame to be separated from the oil/oil vapor inlet and the primary synthesis gas outlet by the partition wall, and into which combustion gas of the pyrolysis unit flows; and a combustion gas outlet disposed in the device frame, separated from the oil/oil vapor inlet and the primary synthesis gas outlet by the partition, and communicating with the combustion gas inlet, passing through the space separated by the partition. The combustion gas can exchange heat with oil/oil vapor passing through the tube.

In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the primary reforming unit further includes a plurality of baffles disposed at predetermined intervals in a space separated by the partition inside the device frame, wherein the baffles allow the combustion gas to flow from the By increasing the time remaining in the space separated by the partition, the heat exchange rate between combustion gas and oil and oil vapor mixture can be increased.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tube may be disposed at an angle from the oil/oil vapor inlet to the primary synthesis gas outlet.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the primary reforming unit may further include a residual oil outlet disposed on the device frame and through which residual oil passing through the tube is discharged.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the primary reforming unit may further include a fan disposed on the device frame and allowing the oil and vapor mixture flowing in from the oil/oil vapor inlet to move along the tube.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary reforming unit includes a device housing; A cracking portion disposed inside the device housing; a primary synthesis gas inlet disposed in the cracking unit inside the device housing and connected to the primary synthesis gas outlet; A char/oxygen inlet connected to the device housing and supplying char and oxygen to the cracking unit; and a secondary synthesis gas outlet disposed on an upper part of the cracking unit within the device housing and through which secondary synthesis gas reformed in the cracking unit is discharged.

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis gas reforming system, comprising: a pyrolysis unit for pyrolyzing waste; An oil-gas separation unit that separates oil and gas from the discharge from the pyrolysis unit; A pyrolysis gas purification unit that purifies the pyrolysis gas separated in the oil-gas separation unit; It is connected to the pyrolysis section and reformes the oil and vapor mixture to produce primary synthesis gas, reforming the pyrolysis gas purified in the pyrolysis gas purification section, or re-reforming the primary synthesis gas generated in the first reforming section. The reforming device for generating secondary synthesis gas; A water gas conversion reaction unit that converts carbon monoxide into hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the secondary synthesis gas generated in the secondary reforming unit; And it may include a hydrogen separation unit that separates hydrogen from the secondary synthesis gas discharged from the water gas conversion reaction unit.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis unit includes a casing; a screw portion disposed in a plurality of stages inside the casing and transporting waste; a burner disposed inside the casing and heating the screw portion to thermally decompose the waste; a chamber disposed inside the casing and partitioning one or more screws among the plurality of screw units; and heating the one or more screws disposed inside the chamber and partitioned by the chamber to cause thermal decomposition of the waste.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the screw unit may be composed of three or more stages of screws, and the chamber may include and partition at least one middle stage screw among the plurality of stages of screws.

In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the chamber includes a first heat dissipation hole disposed between the middle screw and the bottom screw among the plurality of screws, and dispersing heat inside the chamber to the bottom screw. , a first on/off valve disposed in the first heat dissipation hole and controlling the degree of opening and closing of the first heat dissipation hole to control the degree of heat dissipation according to the temperature range of the lowermost screw.

In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the chamber includes a second heat dissipation hole disposed between the uppermost screw and the middle screw among the plurality of screws, and dispersing heat inside the chamber to the uppermost screw. , a second opening/closing valve disposed in the second heat dissipation hole and controlling the degree of opening and closing of the second heat dissipation hole to control the degree of heat dissipation according to the temperature range of the uppermost screw.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention may further include an energy recovery unit connected to the pyrolysis unit, circulating char/sand to the pyrolysis unit, and supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit.

Additionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the char/sand circulated from the energy recovery unit to the pyrolysis unit may be input into a char/sand heat exchange unit disposed surrounding the lowermost screw of the pyrolysis unit.

According to the present invention, reforming efficiency can be improved by connecting a reforming device to a thermal decomposition device and performing temperature reforming by indirectly heating the reforming device using heat generated from the thermal decomposition device.

In addition, by supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit that pyrolyzes waste using the waste heat of the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas reforming unit and/or the waste heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen separation unit, pyrolysis gas production is increased, and the burner The amount of combusted pyrolysis gas can be reduced.

In addition, pyrolysis gas production can be maximized by reheating the oil separated in the oil-gas separation unit using waste heat.

In addition, by supplying oil to the burner of the pyrolysis section and/or the burner of the pyrolysis gas reforming section for combustion, the amount of pyrolysis gas burned in the burner can be minimized.

Ultimately, hydrogen production can be maximized through reforming pyrolysis gas.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the configuration of the invention described in the detailed description or claims of the present invention.

1 is a diagram showing a pyrolysis gas reforming system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram showing a pyrolysis gas reforming system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a pyrolysis device and a reforming device in the pyrolysis gas reforming system disclosed in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a pyrolysis device and a reforming device in the pyrolysis gas reforming system disclosed in FIG. 2.

The advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail below along with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and will be implemented in various different forms. The present embodiments only serve to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and that common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains is not limited. It is provided to fully inform those who have the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, sizes, proportions, angles, numbers, etc. disclosed in the drawings for explaining embodiments of the present invention are illustrative, and the present invention is not limited to the matters shown. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification. Additionally, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. When 'includes', 'has', 'consists of', etc. mentioned in this specification are used, other parts may be added unless 'only' is used. When a component is expressed in the singular, the plural is included unless specifically stated otherwise.

When interpreting a component, it is interpreted to include the margin of error even if there is no separate explicit description.

In the case of a description of a positional relationship, for example, if the positional relationship of two parts is described as 'on top', 'on the top', 'on the bottom', 'next to', etc., 'immediately' Alternatively, there may be one or more other parts placed between the two parts, unless 'directly' is used.

Although first, second, etc. are used to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one component from another. Accordingly, the first component mentioned below may also be the second component within the technical spirit of the present invention.

Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are shown for convenience of explanation, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to the size and thickness of the components shown.

Each feature of the various embodiments of the present invention can be partially or fully combined or combined with each other, and as can be fully understood by those skilled in the art, various technical interconnections and operations are possible, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of each other. It may be possible to conduct them together due to a related relationship.

Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. A plurality of embodiments described below may be applied overlappingly as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Referring to FIG. 1, the pyrolysis gas reforming system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The pyrolysis gas reforming system according to an embodiment of the present invention is largely divided into a pyrolysis unit 100, an oil-gas separation unit 200, a pyrolysis gas purification unit 300, a pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000, and a water gas conversion reaction unit. It includes (400), a hydrogen separation unit (500), an oil heating unit (600), a steam production unit (700), a hydrogen turbine (800), and a hydrogen fuel cell (900).

The pyrolysis unit 100 is a place for thermal decomposition of waste, and thermally decomposes the shredded waste introduced from the waste shredder 50 by heating it to a high temperature in an anoxic or low-oxygen atmosphere. In order to obtain pyrolysis gas containing a large amount of low-carbon hydrocarbons through pyrolysis of waste, high-temperature pyrolysis is necessary, preferably at about 750°C or higher.

The burner 120 (see FIG. 3) of the pyrolysis unit 100 combusts raw materials and supplies heat for pyrolysis of waste. As a raw material for the burner 120, pyrolysis gas may be supplied from the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300, and as a result, the pyrolysis gas is burned in the burner 120 to generate combustion gas.

Solids (carbon ash) generated from thermal decomposition of waste are discharged separately, and oil and gas are supplied to the oil-gas separation unit 200 and separated. The oil separated in the oil-gas separation unit 200 is supplied to the oil heating unit 600 to be reheated, and the separated gas is supplied as pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 to be purified.

The oil heating unit 600 generates volatile gas by heating the oil separated in the oil-gas separation unit 200, separates the volatile gas, and supplies it together with the pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 to produce pyrolysis gas. Production amount can be increased.

Additionally, the remaining oil from which the volatile gas has been separated after heating is sprayed back into the oil-gas separation unit 200 to remove tar. In other words, the tar is washed by the sprayed oil and discharged together with the oil. As a result, tar contained in the pyrolysis gas supplied to the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 can be minimized.

The pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 serves to remove substances that may have a negative effect on the pyrolysis gas before it enters the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 from the pyrolysis gas. For example, the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 may be a wet scrubber device or a fine tar removal device for removing hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), etc.

The pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 reforms the pyrolysis gas purified in the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 to generate secondary synthesis gas.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 may be a secondary reforming unit 1000 and may be a temperature reforming method. In this case, both the primary synthesis gas and the pyrolysis gas generated in the primary reforming unit 180 can be temperature reformed.

Alternatively, the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 is equipped with a separate catalytic reforming facility, the primary synthesis gas generated in the primary reforming unit 180 is temperature reformed, and the pyrolysis gas flowing in from the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 is reformed by temperature. Can be catalytically reformed using a separate catalytic reforming facility.

The secondary synthesis gas is supplied to the water gas conversion reaction unit 400. The water gas conversion reaction unit 400 converts carbon monoxide into hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the secondary synthesis gas generated in the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000. This can increase hydrogen yield.

The hydrogen separation unit 500 separates hydrogen from the secondary synthesis gas discharged from the water gas conversion reaction unit 400. For example, the hydrogen separation unit 500 may use an adsorption method, a membrane separation method, or a deep cooling method. Among them, pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is a separation process that uses the difference in the adsorption amount of gas on an adsorbent. It separates hydrogen by adsorbing and removing impure gases other than hydrogen using an adsorbent. When the pressure is high, impurities are removed through adsorption, and when the pressure is lowered, the adsorbed substances are desorbed and regenerated.

The hydrogen separated in the hydrogen separation unit 500 can be used in various ways. In this embodiment, the separated hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen turbine 800 and the hydrogen fuel cell 900, but it is not limited to this.

In order to maintain the temperature of the pyrolysis unit 100 at a high temperature, heat may be supplied to the pyrolysis unit 100 using combustion gas generated in the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000. That is, combustion gas is supplied to the pyrolysis unit 100 to indirectly heat the pyrolysis unit 100. For example, combustion gas may indirectly heat the pyrolysis unit 100 while passing through a pipe (not shown) provided inside the pyrolysis unit 100. Combustion gas is discharged after indirectly heating the pyrolysis unit 100.

At this time, it further includes a steam production unit 700 that produces steam and supplies it to the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000, and the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 supplies heat to the steam production unit 700. Heat can be supplied to the pyrolysis unit 100. In the steam production unit 700, water is heated by the waste heat of the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 and changes into steam, and the steam is supplied to the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 for a steam reforming reaction. In addition, steam may be supplied to the water gas conversion reaction unit 400.

Moreover, heat can be supplied to the pyrolysis unit 100 using the exhaust gas discharged after hydrogen is separated in the hydrogen separation unit 500. Likewise, the exhaust gas may indirectly heat the pyrolysis unit 100 while passing through a pipe (not shown) provided inside the pyrolysis unit 100. The exhaust gas is discharged after indirectly heating the pyrolysis unit 100.

The combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 and the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen separation unit 500 may also supply heat to the oil heating unit 600. Accordingly, a separate heat source for heating the oil is not required, and the oil can be indirectly heated using the waste heat of combustion gas and exhaust gas. In addition, heat may be supplied to the oil heating unit 600 using combustion gas generated in the burner 120 of the pyrolysis unit 100 and discharged after supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit 100. The oil heating unit 600 can be indirectly heated only by any one of the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000, the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen separation unit 500, and the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis unit 100. Of course it is possible.

In this way, heat is supplied to the pyrolysis unit 100 by combustion gas generated in the burner 120, as well as combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 and exhaust discharged from the hydrogen separation unit 500. By supplying the waste heat of the gas, the temperature can be maintained high, high-temperature pyrolysis can occur, and pyrolysis gas production can be increased. In addition, the amount of pyrolysis gas burned in the burner 120 of the pyrolysis unit 100 can be reduced, and ultimately, hydrogen production through reforming of the pyrolysis gas can be increased.

In addition, in order to increase the efficiency of the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000, the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen turbine 800, which is operated by receiving hydrogen separated from the hydrogen separation unit 500, is used to improve the efficiency of the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000. Heat can be supplied. The exhaust gas is discharged after indirectly heating the pyrolysis gas reforming unit (1000).

A portion of the secondary synthesis gas generated in the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 can be bypassed and supplied to the burner 120 of the pyrolysis unit 100 and used as a heat source. In addition, a part of the pyrolysis gas can be bypassed from the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 and supplied to the burner 120 of the pyrolysis unit 100 to be used as a heat source. This can improve the pyrolysis efficiency of the overall system.

Meanwhile, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the reforming device may include a primary reforming unit 180 and a secondary reforming unit 1000.

The primary reforming unit 180 is disposed in the pyrolysis unit and can exchange waste heat between the oil and oil vapor mixture supplied from the oil heating unit 600 and the combustion gas of the pyrolysis unit 100. In this case, the oil and oil vapor mixture is produced as primary synthesis gas through temperature reforming.

The primary synthesis gas is sent to the secondary reforming unit 1000 and is temperature-reformed again in the secondary reforming unit 1000 to produce secondary synthesis gas. A detailed description will be given in the description of the reforming device disclosed in FIG. 3 below.

The remaining oil that has not been temperature reformed can be sent to the oil storage tank 610 and used again.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the pyrolysis gas reforming system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The pyrolysis gas reforming system according to the second embodiment of the present invention may further include an energy recovery unit 1100 as in the first embodiment.

The energy recovery unit 1100 may supply heat by circulating the pyrolysis unit 100 and char or sand. The energy recovery unit 1100 receives part of the oil from the oil-gas separation unit 200 and applies heat to the sand by causing a combustion reaction between the supplied oil and the charcoal. Heated sand is supplied to the pyrolysis unit 100 and supplies heat. At this time, part of the unburned char may be supplied together with sand. This circulation structure is intended to improve thermal efficiency and ultimately improve overall thermal decomposition efficiency.

If the quality of the sand deteriorates during the process of repeatedly heating the sand, the sand is discharged and replaced with sand. The discharged sand may also contain some char. The detailed structure will be described below in reference to the char/sand heat exchange unit 138 shown in FIG. 4.

Char, described below, may be a flammable material containing carbon, etc.

Referring to FIG. 3, a thermal decomposition unit 100 and a reforming device according to the first embodiment of the present invention are disclosed. Here, the reforming device may include a primary reforming unit 180 and a secondary reforming unit 1000.

The primary reforming unit 180 is disposed in the pyrolysis unit 100 for thermally decomposing waste, and can generate primary synthesis gas by reforming the oil and oil vapor mixture.

The secondary reforming unit 1000 may re-reform the primary synthesis gas reformed in the primary reforming unit 180 to generate secondary synthesis gas. The secondary reforming unit 1000 can also reform pyrolysis gas, and in this case, it may include the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 shown in FIG. 1.

And the primary reforming unit 180 is a temperature reforming type and can reform C5 to C6 carbon compounds within the range of 450 to 550°C, and the secondary reforming unit 1000 is a temperature reforming type and can reforming C5 to C6 carbon compounds in the range of 750 to 850°C. C1 to C4 carbon compounds can be modified within.

Before explaining the reforming device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis section 100 in which the reforming device is located will first be described. However, it is not limited to the structure described below.

The pyrolysis unit 100 may include a casing 110, a screw unit 130, and a burner 120.

The casing 110 may form the overall appearance of the pyrolysis unit 100 and may be made of a heat-resistant material that is resistant to heat.

The screw unit 130 may be arranged in a plurality of stages inside the casing 110, and can transport waste such as waste plastic and vinyl finely shredded in the waste shredder 50.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the screw unit 130 may be composed of three or more stages, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

In the embodiment disclosed in FIG. 3, a waste inlet connected to the waste shredder 50 may be formed at the uppermost screw 131, and a waste outlet through which pyrolyzed waste may be discharged may be formed at the lowermost screw 135.

The burner 120 may be placed inside the casing 110 and heat the screw portion 130 to thermally decompose the waste.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a portion of the pyrolysis gas may be bypassed from the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 and supplied to the inside of the casing 110 to be used as a heat source for the burner 120.

Additionally, in order to use it as a heat source for the burner 120, a portion of the secondary synthesis gas reformed in the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 may be bypassed and supplied to the inside of the casing 110.

In the embodiment disclosed in FIG. 3, an inlet pipe 113 through which gas flows in may be disposed at the lower part of the casing 110, and an discharge pipe 111 through which gas is discharged may be disposed at the upper part of the casing 110. A control valve 111a may be disposed in the discharge pipe 111. The control valve 111a can control the combustion gas to be supplied to the oil heating unit 600 to exchange waste heat or to be discharged directly into the atmosphere.

The gas flowing into the inlet pipe 113 may be pyrolysis gas or secondary synthesis gas, or pyrolysis gas and secondary synthesis gas may be supplied together.

The supply amount of pyrolysis gas can be controlled through the control valve 114b disposed in the line connected to the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300.

The supply amount of secondary synthesis gas can be controlled through the control valve 114c disposed in the line connected to the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000.

And the total amount supplied to the inflow pipe 113 can be controlled by the control valve 114a.

For example, when you want to increase the heating amount of the burner 120, the control valve 114a is opened through the control unit, and when you want to increase the heating amount of the burner 120 by increasing the supply amount of pyrolysis gas, the control valve 114b is opened. Just increase the degree. Likewise, if it is desired to increase the heating amount of the burner 120 by increasing the supply amount of secondary synthesis gas, the opening degree of the control valve 114c can be increased.

The gas used as a heat source for the burner 120 can be selected by adjusting the control valves 114a to 114c through the control unit.

The exhaust pipe 111 may discharge combustion gas generated by combustion of the burner 120. Combustion gases can be discharged into the atmosphere through the flue passage.

Next, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the primary reforming unit 180 is disposed in the pyrolysis unit 100 for pyrolyzing waste, and can generate primary synthesis gas by reforming the oil and oil vapor mixture.

This primary reforming unit 180 includes an apparatus frame 181, a tube 182, a partition wall 184, an oil/oil vapor inlet 185a, a primary synthesis gas outlet 185b, a combustion gas inlet 187a, and a combustion gas inlet 187a. It may include a gas outlet (187b), a baffle (183), a residual oil outlet (186), and a fan (188).

The device frame 181 may be disposed on the inner upper part of the casing constituting the pyrolysis unit 100. In an embodiment of the present invention, the device frame 181 may be made of a heat-resistant material and may be in the form of a housing with a predetermined space inside.

A plurality of tubes 182 may be provided and may be arranged longitudinally inside the device frame 181. The tube 182 may be configured to allow an oil and vapor mixture to pass through.

The partition wall 184 is disposed inside the device frame 181 and may partition the inside of the device frame 181. That is, the partition wall 184 can divide the interior of the device frame 181 into a space through which combustion gas flows and a space through which an oil and oil vapor mixture flows.

The oil/oil vapor inlet 185a may be disposed on one upper side of the device frame 181 and may communicate with the tube 182. The oil/oil vapor inlet 185a may be connected to the oil heating unit 600, and part or all of the oil and oil vapor mixture from the oil heating unit 600 is supplied to the tube 182 through the oil/vapor inlet 185a. It can be.

The primary synthesis gas outlet (185b) may be disposed on the upper part of the other side of the device frame 181 and may be in communication with the tube 182. The oil and vapor mixture passes through the tube 182, exchanges heat with the combustion gas, and is temperature reformed. At this time, the temperature range of temperature reforming is within the range of 450 to 550°C, and the components of the oil and vapor mixture to be reformed may be C5 to C6 carbon compounds. A control valve 185c may be placed at the primary synthesis gas outlet 185b, and the amount of primary synthesis gas flowing into the secondary reforming unit 1000 can be adjusted.

That is, the oil and vapor mixture is temperature reformed into primary synthesis gas and supplied to the secondary reforming unit 1000 through the primary synthesis gas outlet (185b).

The combustion gas inlet 187a is arranged to be separated from the oil/oil vapor inlet 185a and the primary synthesis gas outlet 185b by the partition wall 184 at the lower part of the device frame 181, and the pyrolysis unit 100 ), combustion gas burned by the burner may flow in.

The combustion gas outlet (187b) is arranged to be separated from the oil/oil vapor inlet (185a) and the primary synthesis gas outlet (185b) by the partition wall 184 at the top of the device frame 181, and the combustion gas inlet ( 187a) can be connected.

Accordingly, the combustion gas generated in the pyrolysis unit 100 flows into the combustion gas inlet 187a and exchanges heat with the oil and oil vapor mixture flowing through the tube 182 inside the device frame 181. At this time, the composition temperature of the combustion gas may be similar to the temperature of temperature reforming within the range of 450 to 550°C.

Combustion gas that has completed heat exchange with the tube 182 may be discharged through the combustion gas outlet (187b). Here, the combustion gas outlet 187b is connected to the oil heating unit 600, and waste heat can be recovered and discharged through heat exchange once again in the oil heating unit 600, or may be discharged directly.

A plurality of baffles 183 may be arranged at predetermined intervals in a space separated by the partition wall 184 inside the device frame 181.

The baffle 183 can increase the heat exchange rate between the combustion gas and the oil and oil vapor mixture by increasing the time the combustion gas remains in the space separated by the partition wall 184.

Meanwhile, the device frame 181 and the tube 182 may be disposed at an angle from the oil/oil vapor inlet 185a to the primary synthesis gas outlet 185b.

And the residual oil discharge port 186 is disposed in the lower part of the other side of the device frame 181, and the residual oil passing through the tube 182 can be discharged. The reason for arranging the device frame 181 and the tube 182 at an angle is to collect unreacted oil that has not been temperature-reformed. In other words, unreacted oil that has not become primary synthesis gas exists in a liquid state and flows along the inclined direction. And the remaining oil is discharged through the outlet (186).

A control valve 186a may be disposed in the residual oil outlet 186 and may be connected to the oil storage tank 610. That is, unreformed unreacted oil can be stored in the oil storage tank 610.

The fan 188 may be disposed adjacent to the oil/oil vapor inlet 185a in the device frame 181, and the oil and vapor mixture flowing in from the oil/oil vapor inlet 185a moves along the tube 182. You can blow on it to do so.

Since the device frame 181 and the tube 182 are inclined downward, if there is no artificial wind, the oil and oil vapor mixture may have difficulty moving in the inclined direction. Therefore, the fan 188 is arranged to allow the oil and vapor mixture to smoothly flow into the tube 182.

Meanwhile, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the secondary reforming unit 1000 may re-reform the primary synthesis gas reformed in the primary reforming unit 180 to generate secondary synthesis gas.

The secondary reforming unit 1000 may be the pyrolysis gas reforming unit disclosed in FIG. 1. The secondary reforming unit 1000 is a temperature reforming type and can reform C1 to C4 carbon compounds within the range of 750 to 850°C.

That is, the primary reforming unit 180 undergoes temperature reforming within the range of 450 to 550°C and uses C5 to C6 carbon compounds as the target components, and the secondary reforming unit 1000 undergoes temperature reforming within the range of 750 to 850°C. It is modified and C1 to C4 carbon compounds are used as the target components for modification, and there is a difference between the two.

This secondary reforming unit 1000 may include a device housing 1010, a cracking unit 1030, a primary synthesis gas inlet 1020, a char/oxygen inlet 1011, and a secondary synthesis gas outlet 1013. You can.

The device housing 1010 may be made of a heat-resistant material and may form the overall appearance of the secondary reforming unit 1000.

The cracking unit 1030 may be disposed inside the device housing 1010. The cracking unit 1030 is a part where a gasification reaction occurs and may be a part that splits large hydrocarbon molecules by breaking carbon rings.

The primary synthesis gas inlet 1020 may be disposed in the cracking unit 1030 inside the device housing 1010 and connected to the primary synthesis gas outlet 185b. The primary synthesis gas inlet 1020 may be a long lance-shaped pipe and may be formed with a plurality of gas injection holes 1021, and the primary synthesis gas inlet 1020 may be supplied to the cracking unit 1030 through the gas injection holes 1021. Synthetic gas can be supplied.

The char/oxygen inlet 1011 is disposed in the device housing 1010 and can supply char and oxygen to the cracking unit 1030. The supplied char and oxygen are burned in the cracking unit 1030 and can temperature reform the C1 to C4 carbon compounds contained in the primary synthesis gas. As described above, C5 to C6 carbon compounds were temperature-reformed in the first reforming unit 180. And the char/oxygen inlet 1011 may be equipped with a control valve 1011a, through which the supply amount may be adjusted.

The secondary synthesis gas outlet 1013 is disposed on the upper part of the cracking unit 1030 inside the device housing 1010, and the secondary synthesis gas can be discharged. A control valve 1013a may be placed at the secondary synthesis gas outlet 1013, and the secondary synthesis gas can be temporarily sent to a storage tank or supplied to the water gas conversion reaction unit 400.

Although not shown in the drawing, a pipe through which pyrolysis gas flows from the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 may be disposed in the device housing 1010 of the secondary reforming unit 1000, and the introduced pyrolysis gas can be temperature-reformed. .

In an embodiment of the present invention, as described above, C5 to C6 carbon compounds are temperature reformed in the primary reforming unit 180 using waste heat of combustion gas of the pyrolysis unit 100, and C1 in the secondary reforming unit 1000. By temperature reforming C4 carbon compounds, the overall waste heat recovery rate and reforming efficiency can be increased.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 4, a pyrolysis unit 100 and a reforming device according to a second embodiment of the present invention are disclosed, which are the same as the first embodiment.

That is, the primary reforming unit 180 is disposed in a pyrolysis unit that thermally decomposes waste, and can generate primary synthesis gas by reforming the oil and oil vapor mixture. In addition, the secondary reforming unit 1000 can generate secondary synthetic gas by re-reforming the primary synthesis gas reformed in the primary reforming unit.

In addition, the primary reforming unit 180 is a temperature reforming type and can reform C5 to C6 carbon compounds within the range of 450 to 550°C, and the secondary reforming unit 1000 is a temperature reforming type and can reforming C5 to C6 carbon compounds in the range of 750 to 850°C. C1 to C4 carbon compounds can be modified within. When the secondary reforming unit 1000 also reforms pyrolysis gas, it may include the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 shown in FIG. 2 .

In the following, the configuration and operating method of the primary reforming unit 180 and the secondary reforming unit 1000 are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, so they are omitted, and the pyrolysis unit 100, which is different from the first embodiment, will be described. do.

The pyrolysis unit 100 includes a casing 110, a screw unit 130, a burner 120, a chamber 150, a sub-burner 160, a char/sand heat exchange unit 138, and first and second heat dissipation holes. May include (157,158).

Since the casing 110, screw unit 130, and burner 120 are the same as those described in FIG. 3, description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, the chamber 150, subburner 160, and char/sand heat exchange unit 138 will be described. ) and the first and second heat dissipation holes 157 and 158 will be described.

The chamber 150 may be made of a heat-resistant material, may be placed inside the casing 110, and may partition one or more screws among a plurality of stages of screws.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as the screw unit 130 is composed of three or more stages of screws, the chamber 150 includes the middle stage screw 133 among the three or more stages of screws and can be divided.

The subburner 160 is disposed inside the chamber 150 and heats the one or more screws partitioned by the chamber 150 to thermally decompose the waste.

Thermal decomposition of waste transported from multiple stage screws mainly occurs in the middle stage screw (133). Since the top screw 131 is a stage where waste is introduced, and the bottom screw 135 is a stage where waste that has almost completed thermal decomposition is discharged, thermal decomposition mainly occurs at the middle stage screw 133.

Therefore, supplying additional heat to the middle stage screw 133 to increase thermal decomposition can improve thermal decomposition efficiency.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a portion of the pyrolysis gas may be bypassed from the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300 and supplied into the interior of the chamber 150 to be used as a heat source for the subburner 160.

Additionally, in order to use it as a heat source for the burner 120, a portion of the secondary synthesis gas reformed in the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000 may be bypassed and supplied into the interior of the chamber 150.

In the embodiment disclosed in FIG. 4, a chamber inlet pipe 151 through which gas flows may be disposed at the lower part of the chamber 150.

The gas flowing into the chamber inlet pipe 151 may be pyrolysis gas or secondary synthesis gas, or pyrolysis gas and secondary synthesis gas may be supplied together.

The supply amount of pyrolysis gas can be controlled through the control valve 153b disposed in the line connected to the pyrolysis gas purification unit 300.

The supply amount of secondary synthesis gas can be controlled through the control valve 153c disposed in the line connected to the pyrolysis gas reforming unit 1000.

And the total amount supplied to the chamber inlet pipe 151 can be controlled by the control valve 153a.

For example, when you want to increase the heating amount of the sub-burner 160, open the control valve 153a through the control unit, and when you want to increase the heating amount of the sub-burner 160 by increasing the supply amount of pyrolysis gas, open the control valve 153b. You can increase the degree of opening. Similarly, if it is desired to increase the heating amount of the subburner 160 by increasing the supply amount of secondary synthesis gas, the opening degree of the control valve 153c can be increased.

The gas used as a heat source for the subburner 160 can be selected by adjusting the control valves 153a to 153c through the control unit.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the middle stage screw 133 is separately divided using the chamber 150 and the subburner 160 and additional heating is performed to thermally decompose the waste in the middle stage screw 133. By activating, the overall pyrolysis efficiency can be improved.

The first heat dissipation hole 157 may be disposed between the middle screw 133 and the bottom screw 135 among the plurality of screws in the chamber 150, and the first heat dissipation hole 157 is located in the chamber ( 150) The internal heat can be distributed to the lowest screw 135.

At this time, in order to control the degree of heat dissipation according to the temperature range of the lowermost screw 135, the first opening/closing valve 157a, which controls the degree of opening and closing of the first heat dissipation hole 157, is installed on the chamber 150. 1 It can be placed in the heat dissipation hole 157.

The control unit measures the internal temperature of the lowest screw 135 through the temperature sensor 139a installed on the lowest screw 135, and if the internal temperature of the lowest screw 135 is not an appropriate temperature for pyrolyzing waste, the fourth screw The first opening/closing valve 157a may be opened to supply heat.

Next, the second heat dissipation hole 158 may be disposed between the uppermost screw 131 and the middle screw 133 among the plurality of screw stages in the chamber 150. The second heat dissipation hole 158 can distribute heat inside the chamber 150 to the uppermost screw 131.

At this time, in order to control the degree of heat dissipation according to the temperature range of the uppermost screw 131, the second on/off valve 158a, which controls the degree of opening and closing of the second heat dissipation hole 158, is installed on the chamber 150. It may be placed in the heat dissipation hole 158.

The control unit measures the internal temperature of the uppermost screw 131 through the temperature sensor 139b installed on the uppermost screw 131, and if the internal temperature of the uppermost screw 131 is not an appropriate temperature for pyrolyzing waste, the uppermost screw ( In order to supply heat to 131), the second opening/closing valve (158a) may be opened.

Using this, the internal temperature of the top screw 131 can be maintained at an appropriate temperature to improve the thermal decomposition efficiency of waste.

The char/sand heat exchange unit 138 may be disposed on the last stage of the plurality of screws constituting the screw unit 130. The char/sand heat exchange unit 138 may supply sand heated in the energy recovery unit 1100 to the last stage, the bottom screw 135, to promote thermal decomposition of waste moving along the bottom screw 135. In the energy recovery unit 1100, char and oil undergo a combustion reaction to heat the sand, and some unburned char may be supplied to the char/sand heat exchange unit 138 along with the sand.

At this time, a temperature sensor 139a may be placed on the bottom screw 135, and the temperature sensor 139a measures the internal temperature of the bottom screw 135 and determines whether the internal temperature of the bottom screw 135 is below a preset reference value. When it falls, the control valves 138c and 138d can be opened through the control unit and char and sand can be introduced. Here, the reference value may be an appropriate temperature value for thermally decomposing waste inside the lowest screw 135.

The heated sand exchanges heat with the lowest screw 135 to raise the internal temperature, and when this temperature reaches a preset reference value, the control unit can close the control valves 138c and 138d again. In this way, the internal temperature of the lowest screw 135 can be adjusted.

Referring to FIG. 4, the char/sand heat exchange unit 138 is disposed surrounding the bottom screw 135, char and sand are input from the char/sand input pipe 138a, and the waste passing through the bottom screw 135 is After heat exchange, it can be discharged back to the energy recovery unit 1100 through the char/sand discharge pipe 138b.

This can be applied alone, or together with the first and second heat dissipation holes 157 and 158 described above, and can improve thermal decomposition efficiency by supplying heat to the bottom screw 135.

Through the above-described configuration, the present invention can improve thermal decomposition efficiency by dividing a screw at a specific stage among a plurality of stages into a chamber 150 and separately thermally controlling it. In addition, heat dissipation through the chamber 150 can be used to supply heat to screws in other stages other than the specific partitioned stage to maintain an appropriate temperature for pyrolysis, and this structure improves the pyrolysis efficiency of the overall system. can do.

The above merely shows specific examples of the reforming device and the pyrolysis gas reforming system.

Therefore, we wish to make it clear that those skilled in the art can easily understand that the present invention can be substituted and modified in various forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. do.

50: Waste shredder 100: Pyrolysis device (pyrolysis unit)
110: Casing 111: Discharge pipe
113: Inlet pipe 120: Burner
130: Screw portion 131: Top screw
133: Middle screw 135: Bottom screw
138: Char/sand heat exchange unit 150: Chamber
151: Chamber inflow pipe 157a: First opening/closing valve
158: Second heat dissipation hole 158a: Second opening/closing valve
160:Subburner
180: Primary reforming unit 181: Device frame
182:Tube 183:Baffle
184: Partition wall 185a: Oil/oil vapor inlet
185b: Primary synthesis gas outlet 186: Residual oil outlet
187a: Combustion gas inlet 187b: Combustion gas outlet
188:Fan
200: Oil-gas separation unit 300: Pyrolysis gas purification unit
400: Water gas conversion reaction unit 500: Hydrogen separation unit
600: Oil heating unit 700: Steam production unit
800: Hydrogen turbine 900: Hydrogen fuel cell
1000:Secondary reforming unit (pyrolysis gas reforming unit)
1010: Device housing 1011: Char/oxygen inlet
1013:Second synthesis gas outlet 1020:First synthesis gas inlet
1030: Cracking unit

Claims (15)

A primary reforming unit disposed in the pyrolysis unit for pyrolyzing waste and reforming the oil and oil vapor mixture to generate primary synthesis gas; and
A secondary reforming unit that re-reforms the primary synthesis gas reformed in the primary reforming unit to generate secondary synthesis gas;
Containing a reforming device.
According to paragraph 1,
The primary reforming unit is a temperature reforming method and reformes C5 to C6 carbon compounds within the range of 450 to 550 ℃,
The secondary reforming unit is a temperature reforming type and reforming C1 to C4 carbon compounds within the range of 750 to 850 ℃.
According to paragraph 1,
The first reforming unit,
A device frame disposed on the inner upper part of the pyrolysis unit;
a tube disposed inside the device frame;
a partition wall disposed inside the device frame and partitioning the inside of the device frame;
An oil/oil vapor inlet disposed on the device frame and in communication with the tube;
a primary synthesis gas outlet disposed on the device frame and communicating with the tube;
a combustion gas inlet disposed in the device frame to be separated from the oil/oil vapor inlet and the primary synthesis gas outlet by the partition wall, and into which combustion gas of the pyrolysis unit flows; and
a combustion gas outlet disposed in the device frame to be separated from the oil/oil vapor inlet and the primary synthesis gas outlet by the partition, and communicating with the combustion gas inlet;
Including,
A reforming device in which combustion gas passing through the space separated by the partition exchanges heat with oil/oil vapor passing through the tube.
According to paragraph 3,
The first reforming unit,
It further includes a plurality of baffles disposed at predetermined intervals in a space separated by the partition inside the device frame,
The baffle is a reforming device that increases the heat exchange rate between the combustion gas and the oil and oil vapor mixture by increasing the time the combustion gas remains in the space separated by the partition.
According to paragraph 3,
The tube is disposed inclined in the direction from the oil/oil vapor inlet to the primary synthesis gas outlet.
According to clause 5,
The first reforming unit,
A reforming device further comprising a residual oil discharge port disposed on the device frame and discharging residual oil that has passed through the tube.
According to paragraph 3,
The first reforming unit,
A fan disposed on the device frame and allowing the oil and vapor mixture flowing in from the oil/oil vapor inlet to move along the tube.
According to paragraph 3,
The secondary reforming unit,
device housing;
A cracking portion disposed inside the device housing;
a primary synthesis gas inlet disposed in the cracking unit inside the device housing and connected to the primary synthesis gas outlet;
A char/oxygen inlet connected to the device housing and supplying char and oxygen to the cracking unit; and
a secondary syngas outlet disposed on an upper part of the cracking unit inside the device housing and through which secondary syngas reformed in the cracking unit is discharged;
Containing a reforming device.
A pyrolysis unit that pyrolyzes waste;
An oil-gas separation unit that separates oil and gas from the discharge from the pyrolysis unit;
A pyrolysis gas purification unit that purifies the pyrolysis gas separated in the oil-gas separation unit;
It is connected to the pyrolysis section and reforms the oil and vapor mixture to produce primary synthesis gas, reforming the pyrolysis gas purified in the pyrolysis gas purification section, or re-reforming the primary synthesis gas generated in the first reforming section. The reforming device of any one of claims 1 to 8 that generates secondary synthesis gas;
A water gas conversion reaction unit that converts carbon monoxide into hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the secondary synthesis gas generated in the secondary reforming unit; and
A hydrogen separation unit that separates hydrogen from the secondary synthesis gas discharged from the water gas conversion reaction unit;
A pyrolysis gas reforming system including.
According to clause 9,
The pyrolysis section,
casing;
a screw portion disposed in a plurality of stages inside the casing and transporting waste;
a burner disposed inside the casing and heating the screw portion to thermally decompose the waste;
a chamber disposed inside the casing and partitioning one or more screws among the plurality of stages of screw parts; and
a subburner disposed inside the chamber and heating the one or more screws partitioned by the chamber to thermally decompose the waste;
According to clause 10,
The multi-stage screw part is composed of three or more stages of screws,
The chamber includes and partitions at least one middle stage screw among the plurality of stage screws.
According to clause 11,
The chamber is,
A first heat dissipation hole is disposed between the middle screw and the bottom screw among the plurality of screws and distributes heat inside the chamber to the bottom screw,
A first opening/closing valve disposed in the first heat dissipation hole and controlling the degree of opening and closing of the first heat dissipation hole to control the degree of heat dissipation according to the temperature range of the lowest screw.
According to clause 12,
The chamber is,
It includes a second heat dissipation hole disposed between the uppermost screw and the middle screw among the plurality of screws and dispersing heat inside the chamber to the uppermost screw,
A pyrolysis device further comprising a second opening/closing valve disposed in the second heat dissipation hole and controlling the degree of opening and closing of the second heat dissipation hole to control the degree of heat dissipation according to the temperature range of the uppermost screw.
According to clause 9,
A pyrolysis gas reforming system further comprising: an energy recovery unit connected to the pyrolysis unit, circulating char/sand to the pyrolysis unit, and supplying heat to the pyrolysis unit.
According to clause 14,
A pyrolysis gas reforming system in which the char/sand circulated from the energy recovery unit to the pyrolysis unit is input into a char/sand heat exchange unit disposed surrounding the lowest screw of the pyrolysis unit.