KR20240044898A - Energy storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to energy storage devices. An energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack; and a heat exchange plate disposed on one side of the battery pack and having a flow path through which coolant flows, wherein the heat exchange plate extends long and is located at both ends of the heat exchange plate so as to face each other, and in the flow path. an inflow header and an outflow header that communicate with each other; and a plurality of pins that extend long from the inlet header toward the outflow header and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inlet header and the outflow header to divide the flow path into a plurality of pins.

Description

Energy storage device {ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to an energy storage device, and more specifically, to an energy storage device that cools a battery pack.

Energy storage devices can be placed in residential or office spaces to store electricity generated in those spaces or to supply power to those spaces.

The energy storage device may include a battery disposed inside, a power converter that changes or stabilizes the power supplied to the battery, and the like. A battery or power converter placed inside an energy storage device may include a cooling device to lower its temperature as it generates heat.

The energy storage device can perform cooling through air or cooling water. The efficiency of cooling through coolant may vary depending on the flow amount or flow path of the coolant inside the structure in contact with the plurality of battery cells disposed in the battery pack.

Korean Patent Publication KR 10-2022-0034244 A discloses a structure in which coolant flows around each battery cell, but this structure requires adding a separate structure to each individual battery cell, making the structure complicated. There is.

Korean published patent KR 10-2022-0034244 A (Publication date: 2022.03.17)

The problem to be solved by the present invention may be to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device that performs efficient heat exchange in a battery with a simple plate structure.

In the present invention, a cooling plate for heat exchange is placed on one side of the battery pack. Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device that optimizes the flow path through which coolant flows for efficient heat exchange of coolant.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device in which a plurality of battery cells exchange heat evenly throughout.

Another task of the present invention is to prevent coolant from flowing back.

Another task of the present invention may be to improve the assembly and structural stability of the cooling plate.

The problems of the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

In order to achieve the above object, an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack; and a heat exchange plate disposed on one side of the battery pack and having a flow path through which coolant flows, wherein the heat exchange plate extends long and is located at both ends of the heat exchange plate so as to face each other, and in the flow path. an inflow header and an outflow header that communicate with each other; and a plurality of fins that extend long from the inlet header toward the outlet header and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inlet header and the outlet header to divide the flow path into a plurality of fins, so that the entire area of the heat exchange plate is evenly distributed with the battery pack. Heat exchange is possible.

The energy storage device further includes an inlet formed at one end of the inlet header, and the inlet header may gradually become narrower from the inlet toward the other end of the inlet header.

The energy storage device further includes an outlet formed at the other end of the outlet header opposite to the inlet, and the outlet header may gradually narrow from the outlet towards one end of the outlet header.

The energy storage device includes an inlet formed at one end of the inlet header; And it may further include an outlet formed at the other end of the outlet header opposite to the inlet.

The inlet header may gradually narrow from the inlet toward the other end of the inlet header, and the outflow header may gradually narrow from the outlet toward one end of the outflow header.

The width of one end of the inflow header may be greater than the width of the other end of the inflow header, and the width of one end of the outflow header may be smaller than the width of the other end of the outflow header.

The width of one end of the inflow header may be the same as the width of the other end of the outflow header, and the width of the other end of the inflow header may be the same as the width of one end of the outflow header.

The inlet header is located at one of the top and bottom of the heat exchange plate and extends long to the left and right, and the outflow header is located at the other one of the top and bottom of the heat exchange plate and can extend long to the left and right. there is.

The plurality of flow paths extend long in the vertical direction and may be arranged left and right.

The inlet header and the outlet header may be bent in the thickness direction of the heat exchange plate from both ends of the flow path.

The inlet and the outlet may be formed to be offset from the flow path based on the longitudinal direction of the flow path.

The heat exchange plate may include a fin plate on which the plurality of fins protrude.

The heat exchange plate includes: a first plate; and a second plate that faces the first plate with respect to the flow path and is in contact with the battery pack, wherein the pin plate is in contact with the inner surface of the first plate, and the pin is connected to the second plate from the pin plate. 2 May protrude toward the plate.

The second plate may have a recessed inner surface and a groove into which the pin is inserted.

The pin may be formed by bending the pin plate.

The heat exchange plate includes: a first plate; and a second plate that faces the first plate with respect to the passage and is in contact with the battery pack, wherein the pin is directed from one of the inner surface of the first plate and the inner surface of the second plate toward the other. It may protrude.

The plurality of pins and the plurality of flow paths may be perpendicular to the inflow header and the outflow header.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

According to the energy storage device of the present invention, one or more of the following effects are achieved.

First, an energy storage device that performs efficient heat exchange in a battery with a simple plate structure can be provided.

Second, an energy storage device that optimizes the flow path through which coolant flows for efficient heat exchange of coolant can be provided.

Third, an energy storage device in which a plurality of battery cells exchange heat evenly as a whole can be provided.

Fourth, an energy storage device that prevents coolant from flowing back can be provided.

Fifth, an energy storage device with improved assembly and structural stability of the cooling plate can be provided.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a schematic system diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack and a cooling plate disposed on one side according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a battery pack and a cooling plate disposed on one side combined according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of a cooling plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view of one side of a cooling plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the flow of coolant.
Figure 7 is a plan view of the cooling plate according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from one side, and is a diagram showing the flow of coolant.
Figure 8 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing one side of the cooling plate and the battery pack in an exploded state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which one surface of a cooling plate and a battery pack are combined according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail below along with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and may be implemented in various different forms. The present embodiments are merely provided to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to be understood by those skilled in the art. It is provided to fully inform those who have the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

Spatially relative terms such as “below”, “beneath”, “lower”, “above”, “upper”, etc. are used as a single term as shown in the drawing. It can be used to easily describe the correlation between components and other components. Spatially relative terms should be understood as terms that include different directions of components during use or operation in addition to the directions shown in the drawings. For example, if a component shown in a drawing is flipped over, a component described as “below” or “beneath” another component will be placed “above” the other component. You can. Accordingly, the illustrative term “down” may include both downward and upward directions. Components can also be oriented in different directions, so spatially relative terms can be interpreted according to orientation.

The terminology used herein is for describing embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, singular forms also include plural forms, unless specifically stated otherwise in the context. As used herein, “comprises” and/or “comprising” means that a referenced component, step and/or operation excludes the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps and/or operations. I never do that.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in this specification may be used with meanings that can be commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Additionally, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not to be interpreted ideally or excessively unless clearly specifically defined.

In the drawings, the thickness or size of each component is exaggerated, omitted, or schematically shown for convenience and clarity of explanation. Additionally, the size and area of each component do not entirely reflect the actual size or area.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to drawings for explaining an energy storage device according to embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the energy storage device may include a case 11 and at least one battery pack 10 disposed inside the case and in which a plurality of battery cells (not shown) are disposed. The case 11 may be provided with a rear cover 11b that forms a space inside which at least one battery pack 10 is placed, and a door 11a that opens and closes the front of the rear cover 11b.

The energy storage device includes a power converter 50 (PCS: Power Conditioning System) that converts the characteristics of electricity for charging or discharging a plurality of battery cells disposed in the battery pack 10, and a power conditioning system that stabilizes rapid changes in current. It may include a reactor (12).

The energy storage device may include a pump 14 that supplies coolant to the battery pack 10 or the power converter 50, and a heat dissipation device 16 that radiates heat from the coolant flowing by the pump 14. The nudge storage device may include a plurality of switching valves (unmarked) that change the flow path of the coolant flowing by the pump.

The energy storage device includes a first switching valve 18 that sends the coolant flowing from the pump 14 to the power converter 50 or the battery pack 10, and a power converter ( 50) or may include a second switching valve 20 supplying to the reactor 12.

The energy storage device includes a first bypass valve 22 that sends or bypasses the coolant discharged from the power converter 50 or the reactor 12 to the battery pack 10, and a coolant supplied to the heat radiation device 16. It may include a second bypass valve 24 that sends it to or bypasses the heat dissipation device 16.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a heat exchange plate 100 through which coolant flows to exchange heat with a plurality of battery cells (not shown) disposed inside the battery pack 10 may be disposed in the battery pack 10. .

The heat exchange plate 100 may be placed on one side of the battery pack 10. The heat exchange plate 100 may form a flow path through which coolant flows. One surface of the heat exchange plate 100 is disposed in contact with one side of the battery pack 10 to exchange heat with a plurality of battery cells disposed inside the battery pack 10.

A pair of heat exchange plates 100 may be disposed on both sides of one battery pack 10, respectively. The internal composition or structure of the pair of heat exchange plates 100 may be identical to each other.

The heat exchange plate 100 may form an internal space in which coolant flows and fins 130 are disposed. The heat exchange plate 100 may have a rectangular plate shape.

The heat exchange plate 100 may have an inlet 101 formed on one side through which cooling water flows. The heat exchange plate 100 may have an outlet 102 through which coolant is discharged on the other side. The inlet 101 and the outlet 102 may be arranged to face each other in opposite directions.

An inlet header 121 may be formed at the bottom of the heat exchange plate 100. An outflow header 122 may be formed at the top of the heat exchange plate 100. The inflow header 121 and the outflow header 122 may be arranged to face each other in opposite directions.

The inflow header 121 may extend long to the left and right. The outflow header 122 may extend left and right. The inflow header 121 and the outflow header 122 face each other and may be side by side.

The inlet 101 may be formed at one end of the inlet header 121, based on the longitudinal direction of the inlet header 121. The inlet 101 may be in communication with the inlet header 121. The other end of the inflow header 121 may be blocked. The inlet 101 may be opened toward the longitudinal direction of the inlet header 121.

The outlet 102 may be formed at the other end of the outflow header 122, based on the longitudinal direction of the outflow header 122. The outlet 102 may be in communication with the outlet header 122. One end of the outflow header 122 may be blocked. The outlet 102 may be opened to face the longitudinal direction of the outlet header 122. For example, based on the drawing, the inlet 101 may be formed at the right end of the inlet header 121, and the outlet 102 may be formed at the left end of the outlet header 122.

The heat exchange plate 100 may include a first plate 111 and a second plate 112 that form a flow path 104 through which coolant flows. The first plate 111 and the second plate 112 may have a substantially flat plate shape. The first plate 111 and the second plate 112 may be coupled to face each other to form a flow path 104 therein. The first plate 111 and the second plate 112 may have a shape corresponding to the surface in contact with the battery pack 10. For example, as shown, the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 may have a rectangular plate shape.

The heat exchange plate 100 may include fins 130 that divide the flow path 104 into a plurality of pieces. One end of the flow path 104 may be in communication with the inflow header 121. The other end of the flow path 104 may be connected to the outflow header 122. The pin 130 may extend long from the inflow header 121 toward the outflow header 122. For example, the pin 130 may extend long in the vertical direction.

Cooling water may flow into the inlet header 121 through the inlet 101. Cooling water may flow inside the inlet header 121 along the longitudinal direction of the inlet header 121. Cooling water may flow from the inside of the inlet header 121 to the outlet header 122 through the flow path 104. Cooling water may flow through the flow path 104 in an upward direction. Cooling water may be discharged from the outlet header 122 to the outside of the heat exchange plate 100 through the outlet 102. The coolant flows inside the heat exchange plate 100 and exchanges heat with the battery pack 10, thereby cooling the battery pack 10.

Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the heat exchange plate 100 may include a first plate 111 and a second plate 112. The first plate 111 and the second plate 112 may be coupled to face each other. The flow path 104 may be formed between the first plate 111 and the second plate 112. The first plate 111 and the second plate 112 may extend long in the left and right directions (L). The heat exchange plate 100 may extend long in the left and right direction (L). The flow path 104 extends in the vertical direction (H) and may be open at the upper and lower ends.

An inlet header 121 may be formed at the bottom of the heat exchange plate 100. An outflow header 122 may be formed at the top of the heat exchange plate 100. The inflow header 121 and the outflow header 122 may be arranged to face each other in opposite directions. The positions of the inflow header 121 and the outflow header 122 may be changed.

The inflow header 121 may extend long to the left and right. The outflow header 122 may extend left and right. The inflow header 121 and the outflow header 122 face each other and may be side by side.

The fin 130 may protrude in the thickness direction W of the heat exchange plate 100 from one side of the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 toward the other side. Each of the plurality of pins 130 may extend in the vertical direction (H). Each of the plurality of pins 130 may extend long from the inflow header 121 toward the outflow header 122. Each of the plurality of pins 130 and the inflow header 121 may be orthogonal to each other. Each of the plurality of pins 130 and the outflow header 122 may be orthogonal to each other.

The plurality of pins 130 may be arranged to be spaced apart in the left and right direction (L) between the first plate 111 and the second plate 112 to divide the passage 104 into a plurality of passages. A flow path 104 may be formed between the two pins 103. The plurality of passages 104 may extend vertically and be arranged left and right.

Accordingly, the coolant is uniformly distributed on the heat exchange plate 100 without bias to one side, and the coolant can exchange heat with the battery pack 10 more uniformly. Additionally, as the number of flow paths 104 increases, the flow rate slows down, thereby ensuring sufficient heat exchange time.

Referring to FIGS. 5 to 7 , the inlet header 121 may communicate with the lower end of the flow path 104. The inlet header 121 may be bent and protrude from the bottom of the flow path 104 in the thickness direction (W) of the heat exchange plate 100. The outflow header 122 may be in communication with the top of the flow path 104. The outflow header 122 may be bent and protrude from the top of the flow path 104 in the thickness direction (W) of the heat exchange plate 100.

Based on the vertical direction (H), the inlet 101 may be arranged to be offset from the bottom of the flow path 104 in the thickness direction (W). The coolant may flow along the longitudinal direction (L) of the inlet header 121, and be bent in the thickness direction (W) from the inlet header flow path 1214 and distributed to the bottom of the flow path 104.

Based on the vertical direction (H), the outlet 102 may be arranged to be offset from the top of the flow path 104 in the thickness direction (W). The coolant may be bent in the thickness direction (W) from the top of the flow path 104 and distributed to the outflow header flow path 1224.

Accordingly, it is possible to prevent coolant from flowing back from the flow path 104 to the inlet header 121 and the inlet 101. Additionally, it is possible to prevent coolant from flowing back from the outlet header 122 and the outlet 102 into the flow path 104.

Referring to FIG. 7, the inflow header 121 may extend long in the left and right directions (L). The inlet 101 may be formed at the right end of the inlet header 121. The left end of the inflow header 121 may be blocked. The inlet header passage 1214 inside the inlet header 121 may be in communication with the inlet 101. The inlet header 121 and/or the inlet header passage 1214 may have a tapered shape that gradually becomes narrower from the inlet 101 at the right end to the left end. The width (w11) or cross-sectional area of the right end of the inflow header 121 is the width of the left end ( w21) or may be larger than the cross-sectional area. The ratio of the width (w11) or cross-sectional area of the right end of the inflow header 121 and the width (w12) or cross-sectional area of the left end may be about 3:1.

Accordingly, the amount of cooling water distributed from the inlet header 121 to each of the plurality of flow paths 104 can be made uniform.

The outflow header 122 may extend long in the left and right directions (L). The outlet 102 may be formed at the left end of the outlet header 122. The right end of the outflow header 122 may be blocked. The outflow header 122 and/or the outflow header passage 1224 may have a tapered shape that gradually becomes narrower from the outlet 102 at the left end to the right end. The width w21 or cross-sectional area of the left end of the outflow header 122 may be larger than the width w22 or cross-sectional area of the right end. The ratio of the width (w21) or cross-sectional area of the left end of the outflow header 122 and the width (w22) or cross-sectional area of the right end may be 3:1.

Accordingly, pressure loss can be reduced when the coolant that has passed through each of the plurality of flow paths 104 is collected at the outlet 102 of the outlet header 122.

Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9 , the pin 130 may protrude from the pin plate 131 . The pin plate 131 may be formed parallel to the first plate 111 and the second plate 112.

The second plate 112 may be in contact with the battery pack 10. The pin plate 131 may be coupled to the inner surface of the first plate 111. The pin 130 may protrude from the pin plate 131 toward the second plate 112. A passage 104 through which coolant flows may be formed between the plurality of fins 130. The thermal conductivity of the second plate 112 may be higher than that of the fin 130 and the fin plate 131.

Accordingly, the fin plate 131 does not impede the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the battery pack 10, and the coolant can directly exchange heat with the battery pack 10 through the second plate 112. Additionally, by reducing the amount of heat exchanged with the outside toward the first plate 111, heat exchange efficiency between the battery pack 10 and the coolant can be increased.

The second plate 112 may have a groove 113 into which the pin 130 is inserted. The groove 113 may be formed by recessing the inner surface of the second plate 112. The groove 113 corresponds to the shape of the end of the pin 130 and may extend in the vertical direction (H, see FIG. 5). Each of the plurality of grooves 113 may correspond to each of the plurality of pins 130. The end of the pin 130 may be inserted into the groove 113 and coupled to the second plate 112. The pin 130 may be formed by bending or bending the pin plate 130.

Accordingly. The assembly quality of the heat exchange plate 100 including the fins 130 can be improved, and structural stability can be improved.

1 to 9, an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack; and a heat exchange plate disposed on one side of the battery pack and having a flow path through which coolant flows, wherein the heat exchange plate extends long and is located at both ends of the heat exchange plate so as to face each other, and in the flow path. an inflow header and an outflow header that communicate with each other; and a plurality of pins that extend long from the inlet header toward the outflow header and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inlet header and the outflow header to divide the flow path into a plurality of pins.

The energy storage device according to another embodiment of the present invention further includes an inlet formed at one end of the inlet header, and the inlet header may gradually become narrower from the inlet toward the other end of the inlet header. .

The energy storage device according to another embodiment of the present invention further includes an outlet formed at the other end of the outflow header opposite to the inlet, and the outlet header flows from the outlet toward one end of the outflow header. It may gradually become narrower.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the width of one end of the inflow header is greater than the width of the other end of the inflow header, and the width of one end of the outflow header is smaller than the width of the other end of the outflow header. You can.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the width of one end of the inflow header is equal to the width of the other end of the outflow header, and the width of the other end of the inflow header is equal to the width of one end of the outflow header. may be the same.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inlet header is located at either the top or bottom of the heat exchange plate and extends long to the left and right, and the outlet header is located at the top or bottom of the heat exchange plate. It is located on the other side and can extend long to the left and right.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of flow paths may extend long in the vertical direction and be arranged left and right.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inlet header and the outlet header may be bent in the thickness direction of the heat exchange plate from both ends of the flow path.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and the outlet may be formed to be offset from the flow path based on the longitudinal direction of the flow path.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange plate may include a fin plate from which the plurality of fins protrude.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange plate includes: a first plate; and a second plate that faces the first plate with respect to the flow path and is in contact with the battery pack, wherein the pin plate is in contact with the inner surface of the first plate, and the pin is connected to the second plate from the pin plate. 2 May protrude toward the plate.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the second plate may have a recessed inner surface and a groove into which the pin is inserted.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the pin may be formed by bending the pin plate.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange plate includes: a first plate; and a second plate that faces the first plate with respect to the passage and is in contact with the battery pack, wherein the pin is directed from one of the inner surface of the first plate and the inner surface of the second plate toward the other. It may protrude.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of pins and the plurality of flow paths may be perpendicular to the inflow header and the outflow header.

In the above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and can be used in the technical field to which the invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the patent claims. Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and these modifications should not be understood individually from the technical idea or perspective of the present invention.

Claims (15)

battery pack; and
It is disposed on one side of the battery pack and includes a heat exchange plate inside which a flow path through which coolant flows is formed,
The heat exchange plate is,
an inlet header and an outlet header that extend long, are positioned opposite to each other at both ends of the heat exchange plate, and are in communication with each other through the flow path; and
An energy storage device comprising a plurality of pins that extend long from the inlet header toward the outflow header and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inlet header and the outflow header to divide the flow path into a plurality of pins. According to claim 1,
Further comprising an inlet formed at one end of the inlet header,
The inflow header is,
An energy storage device that gradually narrows from the inlet toward the other end of the inlet header. According to clause 2,
It further includes an outlet formed at the other end of the outlet header opposite to the inlet,
The leaked header is,
An energy storage device that gradually narrows from the outlet toward one end of the outlet header. According to clause 2,
The width of one end of the inflow header is greater than the width of the other end of the inflow header,
An energy storage device wherein the width of one end of the outflow header is smaller than the width of the other end of the outflow header. According to claim 3 or 4,
The width of one end of the inflow header is,
is the same as the width of the other end of the outflow header,
The width of the other end of the inflow header is,
An energy storage device equal to the width of one end of the outflow header. According to clause 2,
The inflow header is,
It is located at either the top or bottom of the heat exchange plate and extends long to the left and right,
The leaked header is,
An energy storage device located on the other of the top and bottom of the heat exchange plate and extending long to the left and right. According to clause 6,
The plurality of euros are,
An energy storage device that extends vertically and is arranged left and right. According to claim 1,
The inflow header and the outflow header are,
An energy storage device bent from both ends of the flow path in the thickness direction of the heat exchange plate. According to clause 8,
The inlet and the outlet are,
An energy storage device formed to be offset from the flow path based on the longitudinal direction of the flow path. According to claim 1,
The heat exchange plate is,
An energy storage device including a pin plate on which the plurality of pins protrude. According to claim 10,
The heat exchange plate is,
first plate; and
It includes a second plate that faces the first plate with respect to the flow path and is in contact with the battery pack,
The pin plate is,
Contacting the inner surface of the first plate,
The pin is,
An energy storage device protruding from the pin plate toward the second plate. According to claim 11,
The second plate is,
An energy storage device whose inner surface is recessed and has a groove into which the pin is inserted. According to claim 10,
The pin is,
An energy storage device formed by bending the pin plate. According to claim 1,
The heat exchange plate is,
first plate; and
It includes a second plate that faces the first plate with respect to the flow path and is in contact with the battery pack,
The pin is,
An energy storage device that protrudes from one of the inner surface of the first plate and the inner surface of the second plate toward the other. According to claim 1,
The plurality of pins and the plurality of flow paths are,
An energy storage device orthogonal to the inflow header and the outflow header.

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