CN115117514B - A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and an electric vehicle, which comprise a water collecting plate and a heat dissipation plate arranged on the water collecting plate; the water collecting plate comprises a main water supply flow channel, a main water drainage flow channel, a plurality of first flow channels communicated with the main water supply flow channel and a plurality of second flow channels communicated with the main water drainage flow channel; the first flow channels and the second flow channels are mutually independent, and the first flow channels and the second flow channels are arranged between the first side and the second side in a staggered mode; the heat dissipation plate comprises a plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates which are arranged on the water collection plate at intervals, a plurality of heat dissipation flow passages are arranged in each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate, and two ends of each heat dissipation flow passage are respectively communicated with the first flow passage and the second flow passage; the space formed by every two adjacent middle heat dissipation cold plates is used for accommodating the heat-dissipated single bodies, and the temperature difference between the heat dissipation plates and the heat-dissipated single bodies in the corresponding areas is prevented from rising through the system provided by the invention.

Description

A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system and electric vehicle

technical field

The present application relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system and the electric vehicle.

Background technique

my country's sales of new energy vehicles dominated by pure electric vehicles have ranked first in the world for six consecutive years, and it is planned that by 2035, the annual sales of new energy vehicles will account for more than 50% of the total vehicle sales, which will help the "double carbon" goal. The safety of lithium-ion power batteries is one of the important factors restricting the development of electric vehicles. The working temperature of power batteries should be within the range of 15~35°C, and thermal safety accidents caused by excessive battery temperature occur from time to time. In addition, longer cruising distance and faster charging speed are bound to be the development trend of pure electric vehicles, which means that power batteries will have higher energy density and greater charging power, and the heat dissipation requirements of power batteries are becoming more and more urgent.

At present, automakers build active power battery thermal management systems based on air-cooled or liquid-cooled technologies to ensure that power batteries work within a suitable temperature range. In comparison, air-cooled technology is low in cost and has no risk of liquid leakage, but the specific heat capacity of air is much lower than that of coolant, and the heat transfer capacity of air-cooled technology is far inferior to that of liquid-cooled technology, and only a small number of electric vehicle models use it; The heat exchange structure of the cold technology is compact and the heat exchange capacity is strong, which is more suitable for the cooling of large battery packs. Liquid cooling technology is divided into direct liquid cooling technology and indirect liquid cooling technology. In direct liquid cooling technology, the cooling liquid is in direct contact with the power battery. Although the cooling effect is good, there are disadvantages such as easy leakage of cooling liquid and difficult maintenance in the later stage. Therefore, Automobile manufacturers mostly adopt indirect liquid cooling technology, adding an indirect liquid cooling technology of intermediate heat exchanger between the coolant and the power battery. The power battery is in contact with the surface of the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heat release of the battery is brought out by the flow of the cooling liquid in the intermediate heat exchanger.

In the indirect liquid cooling technology widely used at present, although the general temperature control safety requirements of the battery pack are guaranteed, because the cooling liquid continues to heat up along the flow direction in the intermediate heat exchanger, the heat transfer capacity decreases, making the intermediate heat exchanger The local temperature at the outlet of the coolant is significantly higher than that at the inlet of the coolant, resulting in a large temperature difference on the surface of the intermediate heat exchanger, which affects the safety of the battery pack. Studies have shown that every 5°C increase in the temperature difference between batteries can lead to a loss of 1.5-2% of the capacity of the battery pack. Excessive temperature differences between batteries will also reduce the capacity of the battery pack and affect its economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for someone to provide a heat dissipation structure that can improve the temperature uniformity of the battery module of an electric vehicle.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system, through the cooperation of the water collecting plate and the heat dissipation plate, the uniformity of the internal temperature field of the battery pack is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat dissipation plate is improved.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system, comprising a water collecting plate and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate;

The water collecting plate includes:

The first side of the water collecting plate is provided with a general water supply channel, and the second side opposite to the first side is provided with a general drainage channel;

a plurality of first flow channels, and the plurality of first flow channels are all in communication with the main water supply flow channel;

A plurality of second flow channels, all of which are in communication with the main drainage channel;

Wherein, the plurality of first flow channels and the plurality of second flow channels are independent of each other, and the plurality of first flow channels and the plurality of second flow channels are separated between the first side and the second side. staggered between

The cooling plate includes:

A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates, a plurality of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plates are arranged on the water collecting plate at intervals, each of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation channels, each of the heat dissipation channels The two ends of each are connected to the first flow channel and the second flow channel; wherein, the space formed by every adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is used to accommodate the radiated monomer;

Wherein, the main water supply flow channel is used to input cooling working fluid into the first flow channel, and the cooling working fluid flows through the heat dissipation flow channel to the second flow channel, and flows out from the main drainage flow channel , to cool the heat-dissipated monomer.

As one of the preferred solutions, a plurality of the heat dissipation channels are in a "U" shape, and are arranged in the middle heat dissipation cold plate at intervals from the inside to the outside, and one end of at least one of the "U" shape heat dissipation channels It communicates with the first flow channel, and the other end communicates with the second flow channel symmetrical to the first flow channel relative to the center line of the water collecting plate, and the center line is perpendicular to the first side.

As one of the preferred solutions, the water collecting plate also includes:

A third flow channel, the third flow channel is arranged on one side adjacent to the first side, or respectively arranged on two sides adjacent to the first side; the third flow The two ends of the channel are respectively connected with the main water supply channel and the main drainage channel;

The cooling plate also includes:

The side heat dissipation cold plate is arranged above the water collecting plate corresponding to the third flow channel, the side heat dissipation cold plate has a plurality of side heat dissipation flow channels, and the two sides of each side heat dissipation flow channel Both ends communicate with the third channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the inner area of the water collecting plate is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, each of the positioning grooves extends along the direction of the first side, and each of the middle heat dissipation and cooling plates is clamped on each In the positioning groove; the edge area of the water collecting plate is provided with at least one side positioning groove, and each of the side positioning grooves is used to clamp each of the side heat dissipation cold plates.

As one of the preferred solutions, the water collecting plate also includes:

The fourth channel passing through the main water supply channel and the main drainage channel is arranged in the central area of the water collecting plate, and the cooling medium flows directly from the main water supply channel to the fourth flow channel. channel and flow out from the general drainage channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the inner diameter of the fourth channel near the end of the main water supply channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the end near the main drainage channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the inner diameter of the middle area of the third flow channel is smaller than the inner diameters of the two end areas of the third flow channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the main water supply flow channel has a structure with a middle height and two ends low along the height direction of the water collecting plate, which is used to buffer the instantaneous flow of the cooling working fluid input into the main water supply flow channel flow.

As one of the preferred solutions, the two ends of each of the middle heat dissipation cold plates are provided with installation grooves, and the installation grooves are embedded in the top surface of the water collecting plate and the side positioning of the side heat dissipation cold plates. The bottom surface of the groove, so that the middle heat dissipation cold plate, the side heat dissipation cold plate and the water collecting plate are integrally formed.

The present invention also provides an electric vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned staggered counterflow integrated cooling system.

Compared with the prior art, the present application includes the following advantages:

The present invention proposes a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system, which includes a water collecting plate and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate; The two sides are provided with a general drainage flow channel, a plurality of first flow channels communicated with the general water supply flow channel, and a plurality of second flow channels communicated with the general drainage flow channel; wherein, the plurality of first flow channels and the plurality of second flow channels Independent of each other, and a plurality of first flow channels and a plurality of second flow channels are alternately arranged between the first side and the second side; the heat dissipation plate includes a plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates, and the plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates are arranged at intervals On the water collecting plate, a plurality of heat dissipation channels are arranged in each middle heat dissipation cold plate, and the two ends of each heat dissipation flow channel are respectively connected with the first flow channel and the second flow channel; wherein, every two adjacent middle heat dissipation cold plates The formed space is used to accommodate the cooling unit; the main water supply flow channel is used to input the cooling working fluid into the first flow channel, and the cooling working fluid flows to the second flow channel through the cooling flow channel, and flows out from the main drainage channel , to cool the radiated monomer.

By adopting the technical solution of the present application, there are at least the following four significant advantages:

1. By setting the water collecting plate to flow the cooling working medium, and transfer the cooling working medium to the heat dissipation plate, both the heat dissipation plate and the water collecting plate perform heat exchange with the radiated unit, and any two intermediate cooling plates and the collecting plate The water plate constitutes a space for the unit to be radiated, which can simultaneously cool at least three surfaces of the unit to be radiated, and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling system and the unit to be radiated;

2. Through the cooperation of the water collecting plate and the cooling plate, the first flow channel in the water collecting plate is only connected to the main water supply channel, and the second flow channel is only connected to the main drainage channel, so that the cooling medium input by the main water supply channel is only It can flow to the first flow channel but cannot flow to the second flow channel, and cannot flow out from the first flow channel; the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected through the heat dissipation channel of the middle radiator plate to form the initial input cooling medium (that is, not The cooling medium for heat exchange) can only flow from the first flow channel to the heat dissipation flow channel, and then flow to the flow direction of the second flow channel, so that what flows in the second flow channel is already in the heat dissipation flow channel. Cooling fluid after exchange. In this way, by setting a plurality of independent and staggered first flow channels and second flow channels, a counter-flow mode in which the cooling medium flows in different directions in multiple cooling channels is established. The uniform heat exchange between the radiator and the radiator is avoided, which avoids the increase of the temperature difference between the radiator and the radiator in the corresponding area, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of the heat transfer of the radiator and improving the internal temperature field of the battery pack. Uniformity, improve the performance of the battery pack, prolong the service life, and improve the security of the system;

3. The present invention only improves the original structure of the water collecting plate and the heat dissipation plate to form an integrated cooling structure. During a cycle of cooling working medium, through the interaction between the water collecting plate and the heat dissipation plate, only cooling is required. The two external interfaces of working fluid inlet and cooling working medium outlet can realize multi-faceted cooling of multiple heat-dissipating units, and the flow distribution of cooling working medium can be completed inside the system. The system has a high degree of integration and no additional assembly parts are added. In the case of , the heat transfer capacity is significantly improved;

4. The present invention can adjust the flow rate of cooling working medium in different heat dissipation channels by changing the size and quantity of heat dissipation channels, and carry out targeted cooling for high temperature areas, which can further improve the temperature uniformity of the cooling system.

To sum up, the present invention is not only suitable for cooling between large-scale radiated units, but also suitable for cooling between small and medium-sized radiated units applying indirect liquid cooling technology due to the above-mentioned many main beneficial technical effects. Especially in the field of high energy density power battery heat dissipation for vehicles, it has great application advantages. Multiple power battery cells can be installed at the same time, without relying on the addition of auxiliary cooling components. The system molding process is simple, and it can be processed and produced on a large scale. The multi-functional cooling form that cools multiple, multi-faceted and overall balanced, has the advantages of safety and environmental protection, long life, high efficiency, etc., and has a good prospect for large-scale promotion and application.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the staggered counterflow integrated cooling system described in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is the front view of section A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate and the water collecting plate according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a structural sectional view of the water collecting plate according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the intermediate cooling plate according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the side cooling plate according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

Explanation of reference signs:

1. Water collecting plate; 101, total water supply channel; 102, total drainage channel; 103, first channel; 104, second channel; 105, fourth channel; 106, third channel inlet end; 107 , the outlet end of the third runner; 108, the middle area of the third runner; 109, the positioning groove; 110, the side positioning groove; 2, the middle cooling plate; 201, the cooling runner; 202, the installation groove; 3, the side Side heat dissipation cold plate; 301, side heat dissipation flow channel; 302, cold plate positioning groove; 4, power battery unit.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

The solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to solving the problems of electric vehicles in the background technology, and can also cool electronic equipment that generates heat in operating conditions, and are applicable to chemical, petroleum, resources and environment, HVAC, energy saving and environmental protection and other industrial fields that require heat exchange. In the embodiment of the present invention, the unit to be radiated can be the power battery unit 4 of an electric vehicle, the water collecting plate 1 and the heat dissipation plate can be specifically made of a square plate made of metal material, and the cooling medium can be liquid water or refrigerant. Wherein, the component formula of the metal material and the type of the refrigerant can be selected within a relatively wide range, which is not limited in the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows an exploded view of the overall structure of a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the staggered counterflow integrated cooling system shown in the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of Fig. 2 Front view of section A in middle. This system can be used to cool power battery packs that depend on electric power supply, as shown in Figures 1-3, the system includes a water collecting plate 1 and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate 1;

Water collecting plate 1 includes:

The first side of the water collecting plate 1 is provided with a main water supply flow channel 101, and the second side opposite to the first side is provided with a general drainage flow channel 102; a plurality of first flow channels 103, and a plurality of first flow channels 103 are all connected to the main water supply flow channel. The water flow channel 101 is connected; a plurality of second flow channels 104, and a plurality of second flow channels 104 are all connected with the total drainage channel 102; wherein, a plurality of first flow channels 103 and a plurality of second flow channels 104 are independent of each other, and multiple A first flow channel 103 and a plurality of second flow channels 104 are alternately arranged between the first side and the second side;

Heat sink includes:

A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2, a plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 are arranged at intervals on the water collecting plate 1, and each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation flow channels 201, and each heat dissipation flow channel 201 has two The ends communicate with the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 respectively; wherein, the space formed by every adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 is used to accommodate the radiated monomer;

Among them, the main water supply flow channel 101 is used to input cooling working fluid into the first flow channel 103, and the cooling working fluid flows to the second flow channel 104 through the heat dissipation flow channel 201, and flows out from the main drainage flow channel 102, so as to cool the unit to be radiated. body to cool.

Specifically, the present invention defines the front side of the water collecting plate 1 as the first side, and the rear side of the water collecting plate 1 as the second side. The cooling working fluid is input, and the main drainage channel 102 is opened on the rear side of the water collecting plate 1 for discharging the cooling working fluid. In order to make full use of the space of the water collecting plate 1, it is preferable to set up a total water supply flow channel 101 and a total drainage flow channel 102 respectively on the edges of the front and rear sides of the water collecting plate 1, and the total water supply flow channel 101 and the total drainage flow channel 102 are parallel and parallel. Extending along the width direction of the water collecting plate 1, the extended length is close to the width of the water collecting plate 1, so as to open a plurality of first flow channels 103 and second flow channels in the inner area between the front and rear sides of the water collecting plate 1 104.

Specifically, the first flow channel 103 is a channel with one side opening, and the opening side faces the main water supply flow channel 101 so as to communicate with the main water supply flow channel 101; the second flow channel 104 is a channel with one side opening, and the opening side faces the main drainage flow channel 102 thus communicates with the general drainage channel 102 . The first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are parallel and extend linearly along the length direction of the water collecting plate 1 , and there is no distance between two adjacent first flow channels 103 and second flow channels 104 . Since the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are both open on one side, and the opening directions are opposite, the flow direction of the cooling medium on the water collecting plate 1 can only flow to the first flow channel 103 . By setting the intermediate cooling plate 2 communicated with the water collecting plate 1 above the internal area of the water collecting plate 1, a cooling channel 201 is set in the intermediate cooling plate 2, and the two ends of the cooling channel 201 are open, so that each The two ends of the heat dissipation flow channel 201 are respectively connected with the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 with different opening directions, so that the cooling working fluid forms three flow directions in the system, and the first flow direction is the flow of the cooling working medium from the total water supply. The channel 101 flows to the end of the first flow channel 103; the second flow direction is that the cooling medium flows from the first flow channel 103 through the heat dissipation flow channel 201 to the second flow channel 104; the third flow direction is that the cooling medium is in the second flow channel 104 flow.

What needs to be explained is that since the first flow channel 103 is a channel with one side opening, the cooling medium is blocked from flowing from the first flow direction to the end of the first flow channel 103, and no longer flows out of the first flow channel 103, passing through the main feed water flow channel 101 The cooling medium is continuously input into the first flow channel 103, and the pressure of the cooling medium is continuously increased, so that the cooling medium overcomes the gravity and rushes to the heat dissipation flow channel from the opening at one end corresponding to the communication between the heat dissipation flow channel 201 and the first flow channel 103. The direction of flow continues to flow.

Since the second flow direction of the cooling medium in the embodiment of the present invention always flows from the first flow channel 103 to the second flow channel 104 through the heat dissipation flow channel 201, the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are arranged in a staggered arrangement, thereby The cooling medium presents a counterflow pattern in which the flow direction is different in the plurality of heat dissipation channels 201, so that the local temperature at the inlet of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation channel 201 in the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is the same as that at the outlet of the cooling medium. The local temperature is the same, avoiding the surface temperature difference of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2.

Referring again to FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 exemplarily shows the flow direction of the cooling working fluid. Considering the readability, only the cooling liquid flow of the water collecting plate 1, one middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 and one side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is shown. The flow situation for cold plate 2 is similar.

The first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 of the present invention have the same shape and size, and a plurality of first flow channels 103 and second flow channels 104 are staggered to form a bow-shaped arrangement plane. On the bow-shaped arrangement plane, the openings face The front side of the water collecting plate 1 is the first flow channel 103, and the opening facing the rear side of the water collecting plate 1 is the second flow channel 104. The flow direction of the cooling medium is from the left side of the water collecting plate 1 to the right side of the water collecting plate 1; The flow direction is from the right side of the water collecting plate 1 to the left side of the water collecting plate 1, so that the cooling medium forms a counterflow pattern in which multiple flow directions are one left and one right in the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2. In this mode, the arrow pointing direction in FIG. 2 is the flow direction of the cooling medium, and the white arrow tail indicates that the cooling medium has just flowed from the first flow channel 103 to the cooling flow channel 201 without heat exchange, and the temperature is relatively low; black The tail of the arrow indicates the state of the cooling working fluid flowing through the heat dissipation flow channel 201 to the second flow channel 104 after heat exchange, and the temperature is relatively high. The cooling medium continuously flows into the second flow channel 104 from the heat dissipation flow channels 201 corresponding to the multiple intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 , merges in the second flow channel 104 , the flow rate increases continuously, and finally is discharged from the main drainage flow channel 102 .

As an extension of this embodiment, the shapes and sizes of the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 can be completely different or partly the same, and the staggered arrangement of the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 can also be in a set On the left part of the front side of the water plate 1, two or three first flow channels 103 are arranged side by side to form a comb-like shape, and at least one second flow channel 104 is arranged alternately with the comb-shaped flow channels, and on the right part of the front side of the water collecting plate 1 Form a symmetrical arrangement structure with the left part, so that the cooling working medium forms multiple streams in the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2. The flow directions are two left and one right, three left and two right, two left and two right, three left and three right and many other countercurrent modes.

The unit to be radiated is usually a square power battery unit 4, and the square power battery unit 4 is composed of several lithium batteries. A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 of the present invention are arranged on the water collecting plate 1 in parallel and evenly spaced along the length direction of the water collecting plate 1, so that the water collecting plate 1 and the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 form a square power battery unit 4 The shape fits the square space. The distance between the adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 is the same as the width of the square power battery unit 4, so that the square power battery unit 4 is clamped in the square space, and plays the role of stabilizing the power battery unit 4 . And the vertical plane where the long side on the horizontal plane of the square power battery unit 4 is in close contact with the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, since the heat of the power battery unit 4 is mainly concentrated on the vertical plane where the long side is located, forming a power battery unit The two high-heat surfaces of body 4. Through the heat exchange between the high heat surface and the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, the key targeted cooling is realized, and the heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity of the system are improved. Preferably, the length of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is close to the width of the water collecting plate 1 to increase the accommodation volume of the square space; the height of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is set according to the height of the power battery unit 4 to save system use space.

It should be understood that, based on the structure and shape of the radiated unit, the shape and arrangement of the intermediate cooling plate 2 of the present invention can also be changed accordingly to form a space compatible with the radiated unit.

In this way, the present invention installs a plurality of square power battery cells 4 in each corresponding square space, and the first flow direction and the third flow direction of the cooling medium on the system are used to control the bottom surface of the square power battery cells 4 . For cooling, the second flow direction is used to cool the two high-heat surfaces of the prismatic power battery cells 4 , and simultaneously cool at least three surfaces of multiple power battery cells 4 , thereby efficiently exchanging heat.

This embodiment is used to further improve the cooling efficiency of the high-heat surface of the power battery unit 4 . Referring again to FIG. 3 , a plurality of cooling channels 201 are in the shape of a "U" and are arranged in the middle cooling plate 2 at intervals from inside to outside. At least one end of one "U"-shaped cooling channel 201 is connected to the The first flow channel 103 communicates with the other end of which communicates with the second flow channel 104 which is symmetrical to the first flow channel 103 relative to the center line of the water collecting plate 1 , and the center line is perpendicular to the first side.

Specifically, when the total number of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 is an even number, the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are centrally symmetrical with respect to the center line of the water collecting plate 1; When the total number of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 is an odd number, the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are axisymmetric with respect to the central line of the water collecting plate 1 .

The high heat surface of the square power battery unit 4 has a larger specific surface area, so the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 also has a larger specific surface area. By setting the cooling flow channel 201 on this plane, the cooling flow channel 201 is arranged in a "U" shape and arranged at intervals from the inside to the outside, and the openings at both ends of the "U"-shaped cooling flow channel 201 are connected to the water collecting plate. The center line of 1 is the symmetrical first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104, and the size of the outermost heat dissipation flow channel 201 is slightly smaller than the size of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, so that the cooling medium flows through the heat dissipation flow channel 201 The path is extended to increase the heat exchange time with the square power battery unit 4 to efficiently take out the heat of the square power battery unit 4 .

The path of the "U"-shaped heat dissipation runner 201 from the inside to the outside is continuously increasing, and the distance between the heat dissipation runners 201 in a limited plane can be adjusted arbitrarily, so that the heat dissipation capacity increases geometrically, and the cooling of the opposite flow The flow path of the working fluid can be reasonably distributed. For example, the flow direction of the cooling working medium in the outermost "U"-shaped cooling channel 201 is from left to right, and the cooling of the second outer "U"-shaped cooling channel 201 The flow direction of the working medium is from right to left, and so on, and the flow direction of the cooling working medium in the innermost "U"-shaped heat dissipation channel 201 is from right to left, so that the uniformity of temperature distribution is improved.

As a specific explanation of this embodiment, refer to FIG. 4 , which shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the intermediate cooling plate 2 and the water collecting plate 1 of the present invention. Openings at both ends of at least one "U"-shaped cooling channel 201 communicate with the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 respectively, which means that the two cooling channels 201 can share the first channel 103 and the second channel 104, that is The size of the first flow channel 103 and the size of the second flow channel 104 are slightly larger, so that the cooling working fluid flowing in from the first flow channel 103 flows to the second flow channel 104 through the two cooling channels 201 at the same time, thereby cooling the working fluid In the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, a plurality of flow directions are formed in a counterflow pattern with two left and two right patterns. Therefore, only the structure of the water collecting plate 1 needs to be designed in the present invention, and the mode of the counterflow of the cooling medium can be selected according to actual needs.

Of course, the present invention can also be provided with a structure in which two side-by-side first flow channels 103 and two side-by-side second flow channels 104 are arranged adjacently, and the openings at both ends of each heat dissipation flow channel 201 communicate with one first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 respectively. A second channel 104 to form a two-left and two-right counterflow mode is also within the protection scope of the present invention. In comparison, at least one cooling channel 201 shares the first channel 103 , which can reduce the weight of the water collecting plate 1 .

The most preferred implementation of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are arranged in a bow-shaped plane, the number of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are equal and the shape is the same, A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 are arranged at intervals in the inner area between the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104, and the outermost two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 are respectively close to the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 The openings at both ends of each "U"-shaped heat dissipation flow channel 201 of each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 communicate with the symmetrical first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 respectively, so that the The cooling working fluid flows into the plurality of first flow channels 103 and the plurality of intermediate cooling plates 2 respectively, and flows from the plurality of second flow channels 104 to the main drainage channel 102 .

It can be seen from the above that the present invention can simultaneously cool the bottom surface and two high-heat surfaces of each square power battery cell 4, in order to further realize the omni-directional heat exchange of the power battery cell 4 in the square space, the embodiment of the present invention It can also be achieved by:

Referring to FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 of the present invention.

Water collecting plate 1 also includes:

The third flow channel, the third flow channel is arranged on one side adjacent to the first side, or respectively arranged on two sides adjacent to the first side; The water channel 101 communicates with the main drainage channel 102;

The heat sink also includes:

The side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is arranged on the top of the water collecting plate 1 corresponding to the third flow channel. The side heat dissipation cold plate 3 has a plurality of side heat dissipation flow channels 301, and the two ends of each side heat dissipation flow channel 301 are connected with each other. The third flow channel is connected.

Specifically, the square power battery cell 4 has 6 contact surfaces that are in contact with the air. The present invention forms a space surrounded by at least four sides by setting the side heat dissipation cold plate 3, the water collecting plate 1 and the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2. The third channel is set to input the cooling medium into the side cooling plate 3, and the side cooling plate 3 is used to cool the vertical plane where the short side of the horizontal plane of the square power battery unit 4 is located, and the vertical plane where the short side is located Two low-heat surfaces of the power battery unit 4 are formed, so that at least four surfaces of the power battery unit 4 can be cooled simultaneously. When two side heat dissipation cold plates 3 are provided, the two low-heat surfaces of the square power battery unit 4 can be cooled, so that the five sides of the power battery unit 4 can be cooled at the same time, so that no redundant parts are added On the basis of this, the power battery unit 4 is cooled in all directions.

More specifically, the third flow channel is arranged on the left and right edges of the water collecting plate 1, and together with the main water supply channel 101 and the main drainage channel 102, forms a water flow channel that communicates with the surroundings and is consistent with the outer edge contour of the water collecting plate 1. outline shape. The side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is arranged on the left and right sides of the water collecting plate 1, and the length of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is consistent with the length of the third flow channel, so that multiple power battery cells located in the inner area 4 low heat surface for enveloping cooling. In this embodiment, a plurality of side heat dissipation channels 301 are arranged in the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 , and the structure of the side heat dissipation channels 301 is preferably matched with the structure of the heat dissipation flow channel 201 and can be uniformly processed and formed. Through the communication between the side heat dissipation flow channel 301 and the third flow channel, the cooling medium forms the fourth flow direction and the fifth flow direction in the system, and the fourth flow direction is that the cooling medium flows from the main water supply flow channel 101 to the outlet of the third flow channel end 107 , the fifth flow direction is that the cooling medium flows from the third flow channel inlet end 106 to the third flow channel outlet end 107 through the side heat dissipation flow channel 301 .

Wherein the third channel inlet port 106 is located at the front end of the water collecting plate 1, the third channel outlet port 107 is located at the rear end of the water collecting plate 1, and the cooling working medium flows from the total water supply channel 101 at the front side of the water collecting plate 1. After flowing through a plurality of first flow channels 103 in sequence, it flows to the third flow channel located in the edge area. In this embodiment, a plurality of side heat dissipation channels 301 are arranged at intervals from inside to outside on the side heat dissipation cold plate 3, and the cooling medium flows from the third flow channel inlet end 106 to the side heat dissipation channels 301, and from the side The heat dissipation flow channel 301 flows to the third flow channel outlet end 107, and at the same time, a small amount of cooling working fluid flows directly from the third flow channel inlet end 106 to the third flow channel outlet end 107, so that the cooling working medium forms a plurality of cooling fluids in the side cooling plate 3. A co-flow mode in which the strands flow in the same direction. Since the heat of the radiated monomer is mainly concentrated on the high heat surface, by establishing a counter-flow mode in the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 corresponding to the high heat surface, the heat exchange efficiency and uniformity of heat exchange can be greatly improved, and through the heat transfer on the low heat surface The corresponding side heat dissipation cold plate 3 establishes a downstream mode to achieve the purpose of targeted cooling of the heat-dissipated monomer, indirectly improves the temperature uniformity of the cooling system, and at the same time simplifies the structure, saves the process, and is safe, environmentally friendly, and long-lasting. , high efficiency and other advantages, it has a good prospect for large-scale promotion and application.

In another embodiment, the inner area of the water collecting plate 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 109, and each positioning groove 109 extends along the direction of the first side, and each middle cooling plate 2 is snapped into each positioning groove 109 Inner: At least one side positioning groove 110 is provided on the edge area of the water collecting plate 1 , and each side positioning groove 110 is used to clamp each side heat dissipation cold plate 3 .

By setting positioning grooves 109 and side positioning grooves 110 in the inner area and edge area of the water collecting plate 1 respectively, the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is inserted into the positioning groove 109, so that the water collecting plate 1 and the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 are accurately positioned, Insert the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 into the side positioning groove 110, so that the water collecting plate 1 and the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 are accurately positioned. For example, when the middle cooling plate 2 extends along the width direction of the water collecting plate 1 to be close to the width of the water collecting plate 1, the length of the positioning groove 109 is also close to the width of the water collecting plate 1, so that the positioning groove 109 and the water collecting plate 1 are close together. The heat dissipation cold plate 2 in the middle fits together. Similarly, the processing principle of the side positioning groove 110 is similar to that of the positioning groove 109 , but will not be described in detail.

Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 shows a structural cross-sectional view of the water collecting plate 1 of the present invention; There is a distance, the present invention provides installation grooves 202 at both ends of each middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, and the installation grooves 202 are embedded in the top surface of the water collecting plate 1 and the side positioning groove 110 of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 On the bottom surface, the middle radiating cold plate 2, the side radiating cold plate 3 and the water collecting plate 1 are integrally formed. Wherein the mounting groove 202 is sunken toward the top of the middle cooling plate, so that the bottom surface of the middle cooling plate is an inverted trapezoidal structure. On the top surface where the positioning groove 109 disappears on the plate 1, the top surface where the positioning groove 109 disappears is the distance reserved between the two ends of the positioning groove 109 and the left and right ends of the water collecting plate 1, so as to realize the middle cooling plate 2 The length extends to the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 located in the edge area of the water collecting plate 1, so that the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 and the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 are closely connected to form a stable assembly space.

In this way, the length of the positioning groove 109 can be reduced by setting the installation groove 202 on the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, so as to prevent the positioning groove 109 from penetrating through the upper surface of the water collecting plate 1, and split the upper surface of the water collecting plate 1 into a plurality of small parts. As a result, the upper surface cannot be integrally processed and formed.

Correspondingly, a plurality of cold plate positioning grooves 302 are provided on the side heat dissipation cold plate 3, the cold plate positioning grooves 302 are perpendicular to the positioning groove 109 and are located on the same plane, and the bottom end of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is inserted into the water collecting plate 1 The left and right sides are respectively inserted into the cold plate positioning grooves 302 of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3, so that the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 and the water collecting plate 1 are connected in pairs to form a seamless A square space is used to isolate and protect multiple power battery cells 4 from each other. In this way, the cooling system of the present invention is composed of two side heat dissipation cold plates 3, a water collecting plate 1 and several middle heat dissipation cold plates 2 welded to form an integrated cooling structure, and the system security is higher.

The system of the present invention is multi-functional and the process is easy to implement. The assembly process of the entire cooling system will be described below: first insert the left and right side heat dissipation cold plates 3 into the side positioning grooves 110 of the water collecting plate 1; then insert the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 The cold plate is inserted from top to bottom along the cold plate positioning groove 302 of the heat dissipation cold plate 3 on the side until it is completely inserted into the positioning groove 109 on the water collecting plate 1. At this time, the installation groove 202 of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 The upper surface just matches the upper surface of the water collecting plate 1 and the lower surface of the cold plate positioning groove 302 of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3; 2 and the gaps between the side heat dissipation cold plates 3 are welded to complete the entire assembly process of the cooling system, and then the square power battery unit 4 can be loaded into the cooling system. By arranging the positioning groove 109 and the side positioning groove 110 on the water collecting plate 1, and arranging the cold plate positioning groove 302 on the side cooling plate 3, each component can be accurately positioned during welding.

Between the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 arranged in a staggered manner, wherein the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 are parallel and extend linearly along the length direction of the water collecting plate 1, and the adjacent two first flow channels There is no distance between the channel 103 and the second channel 104 , and the openings at both ends of the cooling channel 201 communicate with the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 with different opening directions respectively. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation channels 201 are spaced sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the innermost heat dissipation channel 201 has a distance between the two sides corresponding to the openings at both ends, and there may be a bottom projection of the innermost heat dissipation channel 201 If the central area of the covered water collecting plate 1 is solid, a first flow channel 103 can be opened in the central area of the water collecting plate 1 to form a continuous bow-shaped channel with the second flow channels 104 on both sides; or, In the central area of the water collecting plate 1, a water flow channel is set up through the main water supply flow channel 101 and the main drainage flow channel 102, so that the flow of cooling working fluid can take away the heat near the water flow channel, and enhance the overall heat exchange capacity of the system. As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is a structural cross-sectional view of the water collecting plate 1, and the present application proposes another new technical solution:

Water collecting plate 1 also includes:

The fourth flow channel 105, which runs through the main water supply flow channel 101 and the main drainage flow channel 102, is arranged in the central area of the water collecting plate 1, and the cooling medium flows directly from the main water supply flow channel 101 to the fourth flow channel 105, and from the total The drain channel 102 flows out.

By adding a fourth flow channel 105 in the central area of the water collecting plate 1, the two ends of the fourth flow channel 105 are opened, so that the cooling working medium flows directly to the fourth flow channel 105, and flows from the fourth flow channel 105 to the total drainage flow. Road 102. By adding the fourth flow channel 105, the volume in the water collecting plate 1 is fully utilized, so that the cooling medium flows from the central area, and the flow of the cooling medium in the fourth flow channel 105 can take away the heat near the fourth flow channel 105 , enhance the overall heat transfer capacity of the system. At the same time, the material density of the water collecting plate 1 is greater than that of the cooling working medium. By adding the fourth flow channel 105, the consumption of the water collecting plate 1 can be reduced, and the overall weight of the cooling system can be reduced.

Specifically, the fourth flow channel 105 can not only be added separately, but the fourth flow channel 105 can also be formed by the walls of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 that are centrally symmetrical with respect to the central area of the water collecting plate 1 .

Correspondingly, by adjusting the relative size of the flow passages of the first flow passage 103, the second flow passage 104, the third flow passage and the fourth flow passage 105, the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 and the second heat dissipation cold plate can be adjusted. The flow size of the four flow channels 105 realizes the best flow distribution. Preferably, the first flow channel 103 , the second flow channel 104 , the third flow channel, the heat dissipation flow channel 201 and its side heat dissipation flow channel 301 are all rectangular channels.

It can be understood that the main water supply flow channel 101 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet, and the main drainage flow channel 102 is provided with a cooling liquid outlet, and the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are connected to an external circulating water delivery device. The present invention only requires the cooling liquid inlet The cooling cycle of the whole system can be realized by two external interfaces of the outlet and the coolant outlet.

In the present invention, the coolant inlet of the total water supply flow channel 101 is located in the middle of the total water supply flow channel 101, facing the fourth flow channel 105 in the central area of the water collecting plate 1, and the cooling medium flows from the coolant liquid inlet to the total water supply flow channel 101 First, it flows from the main water supply flow channel 101 to the fourth flow channel 105, then flows from both sides to the first flow channel 103 in the inner area, and then flows to the third flow channel in the edge area.

In this flow mode, in another preferred embodiment extended from this embodiment, the inner diameter of the end of the fourth flow channel 105 close to the main water supply flow channel 101 is smaller than the inner diameter of the end close to the main drainage flow channel 102 . Correspondingly, the present invention designs the inner diameter of the inlet of the fourth flow passage 105 as a small size, thereby avoiding that most of the cooling working fluid flows to the fourth flow passage 105 when flowing in from the coolant inlet, resulting in a change in the flow rate flowing to the first flow passage 103. Small, affect the heat transfer efficiency. The inner diameter of the fourth flow channel 105 gradually increases from one end close to the main water supply flow channel 101 to the other end, forming a gradually increasing and variable-diameter inlet to prevent a sudden change in the flow channel at the inlet, which may easily cause local flow stagnation and affect heat transfer Effect.

In this flow mode, in another preferred embodiment extended from this embodiment, the main water supply flow channel 101 has a structure with a middle height and two ends low along the height direction of the water collecting plate 1, which is used to buffer the water supply flow to the main water supply flow. The instantaneous flow rate of the cooling working fluid input in the channel 101. Since the cooling medium first flows from the central area of the main water supply flow channel 101 to the fourth flow channel 105, then flows to the first flow channel 103 in the inner area from both sides simultaneously, and then flows to the third flow channel in the edge area, cooling The total flow volume of the working medium decreases step by step. Based on this, the present invention adaptively sets the main water supply flow channel 101 as a stepped structure with the middle height gradually decreasing on both sides, so that the cooling working medium in the main water supply flow channel 101 Smooth flow, reduce flow resistance, and make the system run stably under continuous working conditions.

In yet another new technical solution, the inner diameter of the middle region 108 of the third flow channel is smaller than the inner diameters of the regions at both ends of the third flow channel. In order to prevent most of the cooling medium from flowing out of the third flow channel along the fourth flow direction, the present application sets the inner diameter of the middle area 108 of the third flow channel smaller than the inner diameters of the two end areas to promote the cooling working medium to flow out of the third flow channel along the fifth flow direction. There are three flow channels, so that the cooling working medium can exchange heat with the low heat surface of the power battery unit 4 in the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 . Specifically, the middle region 108 of the third flow channel includes a transverse section and a transition section respectively connected to two ends of the transverse section. Formed integrally with the transverse section, the inner diameter of the largest opening is the same as the inner diameter of the two end regions of the third flow channel, and together with the two end regions of the third flow channel form the special-shaped structure of the third flow channel. In this way, when the cooling working medium flows along the fourth flow direction, it is prevented from changing the flow channel when it enters the middle region 108 of the third flow channel, causing local flow stagnation and affecting the heat exchange effect.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle, including the above-mentioned staggered counterflow integrated cooling system.

The heat management technology applicable to the battery pack of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention has been introduced in detail on the side of the cooling system, so it will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts in each embodiment, refer to each other, that is, Can.

It should also be noted that, in this article, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. The positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another and do not necessarily require or imply any such relationship between the entities or operations. no actual relationship or order, nor should it be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or terminal device comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed , or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or terminal equipment.

The above is a detailed introduction of a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system and electric vehicle provided by this application. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for To help understand this application, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the application. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present application, there will be changes in different forms in the specific implementation methods and application ranges, and it is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation methods here. Obvious changes or modifications are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system, characterized in that it comprises a water collecting plate and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate; The water collecting plate includes: The first side of the water collecting plate is provided with a general water supply channel, and the second side opposite to the first side is provided with a general drainage channel; a plurality of first flow channels, and the plurality of first flow channels are all in communication with the main water supply flow channel; A plurality of second flow channels, all of which are in communication with the main drainage channel; Wherein, the plurality of first flow channels and the plurality of second flow channels are independent of each other, and the plurality of first flow channels and the plurality of second flow channels are separated between the first side and the second side. staggered between The cooling plate includes: A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates, a plurality of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plates are arranged on the water collecting plate at intervals, each of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation channels, each of the heat dissipation channels The two ends of each are connected to the first flow channel and the second flow channel; wherein, the space formed by every adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is used to accommodate the radiated monomer; Wherein, the main water supply flow channel is used to input cooling working fluid into the first flow channel, and the cooling working fluid flows through the heat dissipation flow channel to the second flow channel, and flows out from the main drainage flow channel , to cool the heat-dissipated monomer. 2. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the heat dissipation channels are in the shape of a "U" and are arranged in the middle heat dissipation cold plate at intervals from the inside to the outside. At least one end of the "U" shape heat dissipation channel is connected to the first flow channel The other end communicates with the second flow channel symmetrical to the center line of the water collecting plate, and the other end communicates with the first flow channel, and the center line is perpendicular to the first side. 3. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water collecting plate further comprises: A third flow channel, the third flow channel is arranged on one side adjacent to the first side, or respectively arranged on two sides adjacent to the first side; the third flow The two ends of the channel are connected with the main water supply channel and the main drainage channel respectively; The cooling plate also includes: The side heat dissipation cold plate is arranged above the water collecting plate corresponding to the third flow channel, the side heat dissipation cold plate has a plurality of side heat dissipation flow channels, and the two sides of each side heat dissipation flow channel Both ends communicate with the third channel. 4. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the inner area of the water collecting plate is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, and each of the positioning grooves is along the first side Each of the middle heat dissipation and cold plates is clamped in each of the positioning slots; the edge area of the water collecting plate is provided with at least one side positioning slot, and each of the side positioning slots is used for clamping Each of the side heat dissipation cold plates. 5. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water collecting plate further comprises: The fourth channel passing through the main water supply channel and the main drainage channel is arranged in the central area of the water collecting plate, and the cooling medium flows directly from the main water supply channel to the fourth flow channel. channel and flow out from the general drainage channel. 6. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner diameter of the end of the fourth flow channel close to the main water supply flow channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the end close to the main drainage flow channel . 7 . The staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 3 , wherein the inner diameter of the middle area of the third flow channel is smaller than the inner diameters of the two end areas of the third flow channel. 8 . 8. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, the main water supply flow channel has a structure with a high center and low ends along the height direction of the water collecting plate, It is used for buffering the instantaneous flow rate of the cooling working fluid input into the main feed water channel. 9. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that installation grooves are provided at both ends of each of the intermediate cooling plates, and the installation grooves are embedded in the The top surface of the water-collecting plate and the bottom surface of the side positioning groove of the side cooling plate, so that the middle cooling plate, the side cooling plate and the water-collecting plate are integrally formed. 10. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the staggered counterflow integrated cooling system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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