KR20240041451A - Method for manufacturing pet food using insect - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials is disclosed. Steps of washing insects according to an embodiment of the present invention, removing parts that pets cannot eat from the washed insects, pulverizing the insects, mixing auxiliary materials with the pulverized insects to produce a mixture, production It includes the step of molding the formed mixture, and the step of drying the molded mixture. As a result, it is possible to provide feed that has a positive effect on the health of companion animals.

Description

Method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials {METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PET FOOD USING INSECT}

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, and more specifically, to a method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials considering the health of companion animals.

As the number of households living with pets increases, the industry related to pets is also growing rapidly. There are many different types of industries related to companion animals, but the most basic industries are those related to food and snacks.

In the beginning, the industry related to pet food was simply for filling the stomach or providing food that pets like, but it is gradually expanding into a way to satisfy various needs.

In general, pet food is manufactured using meat such as cow, pig, chicken, etc. and fish such as tuna and salmon as main ingredients, and mixing various vegetables to provide dietary fiber.

However, the raw materials used in feed according to existing methods are causing many problems, such as causing dietary allergies in certain companion animals and causing environmental pollution problems.

In order to solve problems caused by raw materials traditionally used in the production of pet food, there is an active movement to replace insects that cause fewer allergies as raw materials for feed.

However, insect raw materials do not meet the standards of the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), an American non-profit organization that presents guidelines for nutritional ingredients that pets should consume, or the standards of FEDIAF, the European Pet Industry Association.

For example, according to AAFCO, it is recommended that adult dogs over 1 year old consume less than 1.8% of their diet of calcium, but the calcium content in insects, especially black soldier flies, is 5 to 10% per weight, up to 20 times higher than the recommended amount. appear. Excessive intake of calcium is a major problem that can cause future health problems in dogs, including stomachache, diarrhea, and headaches. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop feed using insect raw materials that does not cause health problems for companion animals.

Domestic Public Patent No. 10-2019-0037061 (published on April 5, 2019)

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is a method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials that are beneficial to the health of pets by reflecting the nutritional components contained in insects used as pet food. is to present.

The problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

As a means to solve the above-described technical problem, washing insects according to an embodiment of the present invention, removing parts that cannot be eaten by pets from the washed insects, pulverizing the insects, and distributing the pulverized insects to the pulverized insects. It includes the steps of mixing secondary raw materials to produce a mixture, molding the resulting mixture, and drying the molded mixture.

Preferably, the insect is at least one of the American king mealworm, brown mealworm, silkworm, rice locust, white river beetle, double-star cricket, white-spotted flower beetle, rhinoceros beetle, drone, black soldier fly, black soldier fly, housefly, king cricket, and silkworm moth. It could be a larva.

Also preferably, when the insect is black soldier fly, in the production step, 10 to 30% of black soldier fly, 5 to 20% of any of shiitake mushrooms and king oyster mushrooms, and 5 to 20% of any of black beans and lentils are mixed. can do.

Also preferably, the secondary raw materials include beef, pork, chicken, eggs, milk, goat milk, yogurt, button mushrooms, wood ear mushrooms, matsutake mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, peanuts, walnuts, lentils, peas, black beans, hemp seeds, and chia. It may include at least one of seeds, corn, rice, brown rice, potatoes, sweet potatoes, oatmeal, and sweet pumpkin.

Also preferably, in the production step, insects may be mixed in the range of 10 to 35%.

Also preferably, the drying step may be performed using one of hot air drying, microwave drying, and freeze drying.

Also preferably, the drying step includes, when the freeze-drying method is applied, freezing the mixture at -40 degrees Celsius and 0 atmospheric pressure for 1 hour, raising the temperature by 10 degrees until it reaches +40 degrees Celsius, and It may include maintaining a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius for 48 hours.

Also preferably, in the production stage, for feed for growing puppies, the crude protein is 22.5% or more, the crude fat is 8.5% or more, calcium is 1.2% to 1.8%, phosphorus is 1.0% to 1.6%, and the calcium to phosphorus ratio is. Mixtures can be created to be 1:1 to 2:1.

Also preferably, in the production stage, for feed for adult dogs, crude protein is 18% or more, crude fat is 5.5% or more, calcium is 0.5% to 1.8%, phosphorus is 0.4% to 1.6%, and the calcium to phosphorus ratio is 1. A mixture can be created to be :1 to 2:1.

Also preferably, after the removing step, a step of heating the insect by applying heat at a preset temperature may be further included.

According to the present invention, by using insects as the main raw material, the allergy induction rate is very low, it is possible to improve the effect of skin lesions in pets, and it provides a method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials that have the effect of improving skin coat quality. It works.

In addition, the carbon emissions emitted during the feed manufacturing process are low, which has the effect of providing an eco-friendly method of manufacturing pet food.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

The attached drawings are intended to explain the present invention in more detail to those skilled in the art, and the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto.
1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and
Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating the freeze-drying method among the methods for producing pet food using insect raw materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The above objects, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be easily understood through the following preferred embodiments related to the attached drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided so that the disclosed content will be thorough and complete and so that the spirit of the present invention can be sufficiently conveyed to those skilled in the art.

In this specification, when an element is referred to as being on another element, it means that it may be formed directly on the other element or that a third element may be interposed between them. Additionally, in the drawings, the thickness of components is exaggerated for effective explanation of technical content.

In this specification, when terms such as first, second, etc. are used to describe components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one component from another. Embodiments described and illustrated herein also include complementary embodiments thereof.

Additionally, when a first element (or component) is referred to as being operated or executed on (ON) a second element (or component), the first element (or component) means that the second element (or component) is ON. It should be understood as being operated or executed in an environment in which it is operated or executed, or operated or executed through direct or indirect interaction with a second element (or component).

In addition, unless specifically stated in the implementation of an element (or component), it should be understood that the element (or component) may be implemented in any form of software, hardware, or software and hardware.

Additionally, the terms used in this specification are for describing embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, singular forms also include plural forms, unless specifically stated otherwise in the context. As used in the specification, 'comprises' and/or 'comprising' does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

To manufacture pet food, insects are washed (S110). More specifically, in the washing process, insects can be washed using water, etc., and during this process, foreign substances such as dirt, feed, etc. that may have been attached to the insects while they are reared are removed.

After washing the insects, they undergo a grooming process (S120). During the grooming process, parts of the insect that the pet cannot eat or parts that may cause errors in the subsequent process are removed.

Grind the prepared insects (S130). When insects are crushed into powder form, pet owners can feed them to their pets in various forms. The pulverization of insects includes both pulverized form using a grinder and minced form using a compactor.

After crushing the insects, the crushed insects are mixed with auxiliary materials to create a mixture. Here, the secondary raw materials include meat/fish (beef, pig, chicken, etc.), eggs (eggs, etc.), dairy products (milk, goat milk, yogurt, etc.), mushrooms (button, wood ear, pine, shiitake, etc.), nuts (peanuts, walnuts, etc.) ), beans (lentil beans, peas, black beans, hemp seeds, chia seeds, etc.), grains (corn, rice, brown rice, oatmeal (oats), etc.), and vegetables (potatoes, sweet potatoes, sweet pumpkin, etc.). Here, at least one of the above-described auxiliary materials may be selectively mixed with the insect.

When creating a mixture, if the insect used as the main ingredient of this pet food is a black soldier fly larva, the black soldier fly content should be between 10% and 35%. In addition, raw materials with high phosphorus content are used to adjust the ratio of calcium to phosphorus. If black soldier flies have a calcium content of 5 to 10% per weight, it is up to 20 times higher than the recommended amount. Therefore, in the present invention, copper fern is not used alone, but is mixed with auxiliary materials to adjust the calcium content so that it does not exceed the recommended amount.

More specifically, when 10 to 30% of black soldier fly, 5 to 20% of shiitake mushrooms, and 5 to 20% of black beans are mixed and used, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus appears to be between 1:1 and 2:1, especially calcium. The content of can be adjusted to 0.5 to 1.8%, and the phosphorus content can be adjusted to 0.4 to 1.6%.

A mixture of insects and auxiliary materials is molded (S150). Here, after mixing the mixture with starch to prepare dough, the prepared dough can be molded into a certain shape using a mold to form a shape.

Dry the molded insect feed (S160). Insect feed is dried using one of hot air drying, microwave drying, and freeze drying.

The hot air drying method is a method of drying by passing hot heat through the object to be dried. Hot air drying is a method that allows moisture to easily escape from the object to be dried, so drying efficiency is very good, and the principle is simple, so it is a widely used method.

The microwave drying method can heat the inside of the object to be dried in a short time, so it has good heating efficiency, enables uniform heating, can selectively heat the object to be dried, allows temperature control, and is easy to operate. , sealed heating is possible and has the advantage of producing no noise or exhaust gas.

Among the drying methods, freeze drying will be explained in more detail in FIG. 2 described later.

Although not shown, a step of heating the insect prepared through step S120 by applying heat at a preset temperature may be further included between steps S120 and S130. In the heating step, the insects may be put through a cooking process such as boiled in water or steamed without touching the water, which may cause deformation of the raw materials.

Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating the freeze-drying method among the methods for producing pet food using insect raw materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 1, a method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained. Here, in the drying step of step S160, drying may be performed using one of hot air drying, microwave drying, and freeze drying. In this example, we look at the freeze drying method among various drying methods.

First, the insect feed formed by mixing insects and auxiliary materials is preliminarily frozen (S161). In the pre-freezing step, insect feed is frozen in liquid nitrogen or in a refrigerator. Insect feed can be frozen to temperatures as low as -20 degrees Celsius to -50 degrees Celsius. In this embodiment, it is desirable to quickly freeze the insect feed to -40 degrees Celsius. However, the quick freezing temperature may change depending on the situation. Quick freezing can be done using liquid nitrogen or using a regular refrigerator.

The insect feed that has gone through the preliminary freezing step is first dried (S162). When the pressure of the frozen insect feed is lowered during the pre-freezing stage, the frozen solvent passes the state it experiences from a solid to a liquid and enters a state where it can sublimate from a solid to a gas. At this time, there is a slight difference depending on the substance of the insect feed, but as the pressure is gradually lowered, the sublimation point lowers and the moisture in the insect feed sublimates. Although there are differences depending on the type of freeze dryer, in general, during the process of removing air to lower the pressure, naturally sublimated water vapor escapes along with the air.

After the first drying is completed, the second drying process is performed (S163). When primary drying is completely completed, most of the ice has sublimated, but bound moisture still exists in the product. The secondary drying process is to remove this residual moisture. Since the residual moisture may be as high as 8% after primary drying, the residual moisture is removed by raising the temperature until the optimal conditions for removing the residual moisture are necessarily removed in continuous drying.

In this way, when pet food is manufactured using the freeze-drying method, the moisture content contained in the feed is low, which is very advantageous for long-term storage. For example, feed manufactured using the existing extrusion method has a moisture content of 10 to 20%, while feed manufactured using the freeze-drying method has a moisture content of 6% or less. Accordingly, it can be stored for a long time without fear of material deterioration, and it is expected to be stored for up to 24 years.

Looking at the freeze drying method, heat energy is supplied in a frozen state to sublimate and dry the ice, so there is little physical and chemical change in the drying object. In addition, the freeze-drying method can reduce damage to nutrients and cellular tissue, unlike the general high-temperature drying method. In addition, the drying object is initially frozen to change the moisture in the tissue into small particle ice crystals, and only the ice is removed by sublimation under a high degree of reduced pressure while separating the ice from the food components. Accordingly, changes in the original color, taste, scent, physical properties, and shape of the drying object can be minimized, and dried products with good restoration properties can be obtained. In addition, after the drying object is dried, it has a porous structure due to the empty space created by sublimation of ice. If it goes through a rehydration process where moisture is added again, it has excellent reconstitution, restoring the tissue to its original state before drying. In addition, feed dried by freeze-drying has the advantage of being light in weight, capable of being distributed and stored at room temperature, and having a long storage period.

When freeze-drying the pet food according to the present invention, the holding time at each temperature is summarized in Table 1 below. The temperature is increased by 10 degrees from -40 degrees Celsius until it reaches a temperature of +40 degrees Celsius, which corresponds to the preliminary freezing step (S161), the first drying step (S162), and the second drying step (S163).

division One 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 temperature
(℃) -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 40 VAC
(mTorr) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Holding time
(min) 60 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 -

In the method of manufacturing companion animal food using insect raw materials according to the present invention, the temperature is frozen at -40 degrees Celsius at 0 atmospheric pressure (vacuum) for 1 hour, the temperature is increased by 10 degrees to reach a temperature of 40 degrees, and then the temperature is 40 degrees Celsius. Maintain the temperature for 48 hours to remove any remaining moisture. The remaining moisture at this time refers to the moisture that remained without sublimation.

Insect raw materials manufactured by the method for producing pet food using insect raw materials according to the present invention can be manufactured to meet the following standards.

division growing puppy adult dog Crude Protein 22.5% or more 18% or more Crude Fat 8.5% or more 5.5% or more Calcium 1.2% to 1.8% 0.5% to 1.8% Phosphorus (phosphorus) 1.0% to 1.6% 0.4% to 1.6% Ca:P ratio (calcium phosphorus ratio) 1:1 to 2:1 1:1 to 2:1

The standards mentioned in Table 1 are based on the standards proposed by AAFCO, an American organization that presents recommended nutrient intake guidelines for companion animals, and refer to the content of nutrients based on dry matter (DM). If the nutrient content does not match the content shown in Table 1, disorders related to the joints and bones of the dog may be caused. In addition, the insect raw material prepared by the method of providing insect raw materials for pet food according to the present invention is as follows: It can be manufactured to meet the same standards.

division Puppies under 14 weeks of age adult dog Crude Protein More than 25% More than 20% Crude Fat 8.5% or more 8.5% or more Calcium 1.0% to 1.6% 1.0% to 2.5% Phosphorus (phosphorus) 0.7% to 1.6% 0.7% to 1.6% Ca:P ratio (calcium phosphorus ratio) 1:1 to 2:1 1:1 to 2:1

The standards mentioned in Table 2 are based on the standards proposed by FEDIAF, a European organization that proposes recommended nutrient intake guidelines for companion animals. Depending on the country in which the insect raw material manufactured by the method of providing insect raw material for companion animal food according to the present invention is sold, it needs to be manufactured in accordance with the standards proposed by the organization belonging to that country.

In the case of meat commonly used as pet food, phosphorus is higher than calcium. For example, chicken contains 0.01% to 0.05% calcium and 0.1% to 1% phosphorus. Additionally, beef contains 0.00001% to 0.0001% calcium and 0,001% to 0.002% phosphorus. In other words, commonly used meats such as chicken and beef have a calcium to phosphorus ratio that is not suitable as pet food. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the ratio of calcium and phosphorus to make it suitable as pet food.

In general, looking at the larvae of black soldier flies, which are widely used as a raw material for insect feed, the calcium content is high when the black soldier flies are freeze-dried and manufactured into pet food.

In the case of feed containing 30 to 40% of black soldier flies, the calcium content is 4 to 5% and the phosphorus content is 0.2 to 1%. This is not an appropriate level for dogs, so it is necessary to adjust the calcium and phosphorus content in order to feed it to dogs. This can be solved by lowering the content of black soldier flies and adding raw materials with a high phosphorus content along with black soldier flies.

When lowering the black soldier fly content to less than 10%, the calcium content can be lowered to less than 1.5% and adjusted to the range of 0.5 to 1.8%. In addition, the content of copper fern is used at 10 to 35%, but the ratio can be adjusted by using raw materials with a high phosphorus content.

Raw materials with high phosphorus content include meat/fish (beef, pig, chicken, etc.), eggs (eggs, etc.), dairy products (milk, goat milk, yogurt, etc.), mushrooms (button, wood ear, pine pine, shiitake, etc.), nuts (peanuts, etc.) , walnuts, etc.), beans (lentils, peas, black beans, hemp seeds, chia seeds, etc.), grains (corn, rice, brown rice, oatmeal (oats), etc.), and vegetables (potatoes, sweet potatoes, sweet pumpkin, etc.) You can. The content of black soldier flies can be reduced, and raw materials with high phosphorus content can be mixed singly or in combination.

More specifically, by mixing 10 to 30% of black soldier larvae, 5 to 20% of shiitake mushrooms, and 5 to 20% of black beans, the calcium and phosphorus ratio is adjusted to 1:1 to 2:1, and the calcium content is increased. can be adjusted to 0.5 to 1.8%, and the phosphorus content can be adjusted to 0.4 to 1.6%.

When manufacturing feed using a drying method, the drying method generally evaporates moisture contained in the drying object, so the mass decreases after drying. However, because the insect material itself contains little moisture, the mass does not decrease significantly, and especially in the case of freeze-drying, it has the effect of retaining more of the raw material. The pet food according to the present invention is made by adjusting the ratio of calcium and phosphorus only from raw materials, making it easy to produce a pet food suitable for dogs.

The expected effects of pet food manufactured according to the method for manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials according to the present invention are as follows. When 10% of winter flies were included in puppy food, the puppy's cholesterol level was lowered by about 10% after 12 weeks.

Additionally, when insect raw materials were used in feed instead of beef, carbon emissions could be reduced by about 96.5%. More specifically, when producing 10kg of beef, carbon emissions are 1500kg, and when producing 10kg of black dongae, carbon emissions are 60kg.

Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical idea or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims described below rather than the detailed description above, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

S110: Insect washing step
S120: Insect grooming stage
S130: Insect crushing step
S140: Mixture creation step
S150: Mixture forming step
S160: Mixture drying step

Claims (10)

washing insects;
Removing parts that pets cannot eat from the washed insects;
crushing the insect;
Mixing the pulverized insects with auxiliary materials to produce a mixture;
Molding the resulting mixture; and
A method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, comprising the step of drying the molded mixture.
According to claim 1,
The insect is the larva of at least one of the American king mealworm, brown mealworm, silkworm, rice locust, white river beetle, double-star cricket, white-spotted flower beetle, rhinoceros beetle, drone, black soldier fly, black soldier fly, housefly, king cricket, and silkworm moth. A method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, characterized in that:
According to claim 2,
If the insect is a black soldier fly,
In the production step, using insect raw materials, characterized in that 10 to 30% of the Dongae etc., 5 to 20% of any of shiitake mushrooms and king oyster mushrooms, and 5 to 20% of any of black beans and lentils. How to make pet food.
According to claim 1,
The above additives include beef, pork, chicken, eggs, milk, goat milk, yogurt, button mushrooms, wood ear mushrooms, pine mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, peanuts, walnuts, lentils, peas, black beans, hemp seeds, chia seeds, and corn. , a method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, comprising at least one of rice, brown rice, potatoes, sweet potatoes, oatmeal, and sweet pumpkin.
According to claim 1,
In the producing step, a method of producing pet food using insect raw materials, characterized in that the insects are mixed in the range of 10 to 35%.
According to claim 1,
The drying step is,
A method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, characterized by applying one of hot air drying, microwave drying, and freeze drying.
According to claim 6,
The drying step is when the freeze-drying method is applied,
Freezing the mixture at -40 degrees Celsius and zero atmospheric pressure for 1 hour;
Raising the temperature by 10 degrees until it reaches 40 degrees above zero; and
A method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, comprising: maintaining the temperature at 40 degrees Celsius for 48 hours.
According to claim 1,
In the production stage, the feed for growing puppies contains 22.5% or more crude protein, 8.5% or more crude fat, 1.2% to 1.8% calcium, 1.0% to 1.6% phosphorus, and a calcium to phosphorus ratio of 1:1. A method of producing pet food using insect raw materials, characterized in that the mixture is produced in a ratio of 2:1.
According to claim 1,
In the production step, for feed for adult dogs, crude protein is 18% or more, crude fat is 5.5% or more, calcium is 0.5% to 1.8%, phosphorus is 0.4% to 1.6%, and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is 1:1 to 1:1. A method of manufacturing pet food using insect raw materials, characterized in that the mixture is produced so that it is 2:1.
According to claim 1,
A method for producing pet food using insect raw materials, further comprising: heating the insect by applying heat at a preset temperature after the removing step.