KR20240031483A - Seat structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The seat structure includes a seat arranged symmetrically from side to side and having a pair of first and second ridges raised from the bottom to support the pelvic bones of the seated person, and a seat bent from a rear end of the seat and extending upward, It includes a back plate that supports the spine of the seated person, and each of the first and second ridges has an inclined surface corresponding to the average slope of the lower branch of the skull of the seated person in an upright state with respect to the ground, so that the seated person's spinal cord is supported. It includes a skull support unit provided to suppress changes in the average slope.

Description

Seat structure {SEAT STRUCTURE}

Embodiments of the present invention relate to sheet structures. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a seat structure that can be positioned on a chair or on the floor to reduce the load applied to the hips and spine when the occupant is seated.

Throughout human life, we are almost inseparable from chairs, except for the time we spend sleeping. We sit on many chairs for a lot of time during our daily lives, such as while working, studying, meeting, resting, eating, traveling, having fun, etc. In this case, the seat can have a significant impact on the physical and mental health of the seated person. Therefore, a person's sitting posture has become as basic a posture for living as the lying posture for sleeping.

In the 2014 National Health and Nutrition Survey, the ‘time spent sitting’ per day by adult men and women aged 19 and older was calculated to be 7.5 hours (7.7 hours for men, 7.4 hours for women). Considering that the average sleep time in the survey was 6.8 hours, sitting is the posture we maintain the longest in our lives. Therefore, the impact of sitting posture on the musculoskeletal area of the body is also significant.

Previously, the view that the correct posture was a posture in which the cervical spine, an extension of the spine, and the femur were at a right angle was widely known without much objection.

Therefore, the chair is designed to sit upright so that the hips, knees, and ankles are all at right angles. Until recently, it was widely believed that the correct sitting posture was to sit with the hips bent 90 degrees while maintaining lumbar lordosis (concavity). Although this posture looks good, it cannot be held for more than a minute or two without discomfort, and it generally causes fatigue if held for long periods of time. The 'correct posture' promoted by the new chairs introduced recently has not gone far from this.

Figure 1 is a side view showing the change in angle of the pelvic bone in an upright state and in a state of sitting on a regular chair.

Referring to Figure 1, as the axis of the pelvic bone is laid down toward the spine while sitting in a regular chair, the spine in the seated state receives an increased load of about 40% compared to the spine in the upright state. Therefore, there is a problem that the increased load causes deformation around the 4th and 5th lumbar discs of the spine.

To solve this problem, recently developed auxiliary chairs have a structure where the seat surface is tilted toward the back based on the joint between the seat and the back in order to make the angle between the seat and the back less than 90 degrees in order to achieve a correct sitting posture. .

In this case, when the center of gravity of the seated person moves rearward and the back comes into close contact with the back plate, the back plate in a pushed state uses a restoring force to compress the spine, allowing the auxiliary chair to maintain lumbar lordosis of the seated person. However, if the back is pressed too closely to the chair and the back plate strongly presses the spine, the seated person is bound to feel severe pressure on the back while sitting on the auxiliary chair.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the spine while seated on a saddle chair made by Salli, Finland.

Referring to Figure 2, the saddle chair from Salli, Finland, shown on the left, has a geometric structure that allows the angle between the spine and femur to be maintained at 135°, thereby minimizing the load applied to the spine. there is. That is, the saddle chair can maintain the spine in a state close to an upright state while maintaining the distance between the spine and the femur at 120 to 135°.

However, since the inclination angle is significant and the user cannot avoid slipping, the saddle chair has a saddle structure in which the front of the seat has a protruding protrusion like the saddle head of a horse saddle, thereby preventing the seated person from slipping. However, the protrusion puts pressure on the user's perineum, causing the user to feel uncomfortable. Accordingly, its use is limited to users working in specific fields, such as dentists or instrument players.

Additionally, at a medical conference held in Denmark in 1976, Dr. Aage Chresten Mandel presented a research paper entitled ‘homo sedens (humans who lead a sedentary lifestyle).’

According to the above paper, the most desirable posture is to maintain a riding posture with an angle between the spine and the femur of 120 to 135° because sitting at a right angle on a conventional chair flattens the lordosis, causing muscle tension and pressure on the disc. Confirmed. When viewed from the side, the angle between the legs and the spine is 120 to 135°, and as a means of maintaining the natural S-shape of the lower back by kneeling when sitting, a chair was developed that induces a horseback riding posture by creating a knee rest.

Referring again to Figure 1, in 1962, German orthopedic surgeon Hanns Schoberth conducted an X-ray study on sitting posture. According to the research results, when changing from an upright posture (lordosis, S-shaped back) to a sitting posture, the hip joint bends about 60 degrees and the pelvic axis rotates backward, resulting in lumbar curvature (kyphosis, reduced back). S-shape) is flattened. In particular, when leaning forward at the desk, you must additionally bend your upper body by about 40 to 50 degrees. This type of bending mainly occurs in the 4th and 5th lumbar (lumbar) discs and is a major cause of spinal diseases (Source: )

To solve this problem, load transfer chairs (auxiliary chairs) have been developed as a means of maintaining the S-shaped lumbar lordosis.

The load transfer chair is designed so that the upper body slides from the seat toward the back, so that the center of gravity moves along the incline when sitting, and the back extends at an angle smaller than 90 degrees with respect to the seat surface to push the back. In this case, the gravity direction load vector generated by the seated person's body weight is distributed as a load pushing the backrest using the tilt angle of the seat. Accordingly, the elastic deformation energy of the pushed back plate is transmitted to the lower spine, thereby maintaining the lumbar lordosis in an S-shape.

However, in the load transfer chair, the back plate inevitably compresses the lumbar vertebrae while maintaining the lower lumbar lordosis in an S-shape. Users always feel pressured when using it, and there is the inconvenience of having to adapt until they get used to it to a certain extent.

Since the above-mentioned technologies all still have various problems, technical methods to solve them are required.

In particular, if the pelvic bone axis is tilted forward relative to the ideal upright state, it is called an anterior pelvic tilt, whereas if it is tilted backward, it is called a posterior pelvic tilt. The ideal upright state is a neutral spine state that is not tilted forward or backward. This is because the spacing between intervertebral discs is constant and pressure is applied evenly to all intervertebral discs. Therefore, ideally, the pelvic bone axis below the neutral center needs to be maintained even when seated.

Embodiments of the present invention to solve the conventional problems described above provide a seat structure that can maintain the pelvic bone axis, which is ideally in a neutral central state when upright, even in a seated state.

The seat structure according to embodiments of the present invention includes a bottom and a pair of first and second ridges raised from the bottom and arranged symmetrically left and right, and raised from the bottom to support the pelvic bones of the seated person. It includes a seat having cattails and a back plate that is bent from a rear end of the seat and extends upward and supports the spine of the seated person,

Each of the first and second ridges has an inclined surface corresponding to the average inclination of the lower limb of the skull of the seated person in an upright state with respect to the ground, thereby suppressing the change in the average inclination when the seated person sits upright. Includes the scapular support.

In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the first and second ridges is formed to be inclined from the apex of the skull support portion toward the front to the bottom, supporting the thigh bone of the seated person. It may further include a support part.

In one embodiment of the present invention, when the angle formed between the direction of gravity and the extension line between the superior anterior iliac spine and the coccygeal tubercle is defined as θ, when the seated person is seated, the range is ??20°??θ??+20°. You can have

In one embodiment of the present invention, the height of the vertex relative to the floor is in the range of 10 to 55 mm, the length of the orthogonal line segment of the inclined surface with respect to the floor is in the range of 60 to 90 mm, and the inclined surface And the angle formed between the orthographic line segments may range from 20 to 38 degrees.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal distance of the vertex measured from the back plate may range from 110 to 180 mm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the back panel includes a sacrum support portion supporting the sacrum of the seated person and a thoracic vertebrae support portion extending upward from the sacrum support portion and corresponding to positions of the 10th to 12th thoracic vertebrae of the seated person. And, the thoracic support portion may be inclined in the range of 20 to 30° with respect to the direction opposite to the direction of gravity.

In one embodiment of the present invention, an extension line formed by vertices included in each of the first and second ridges may have an inclined angle with respect to the front edge of the sheet.

Here, the angle may range from 10 to 40 degrees.

According to the present invention provided as described above, each of the first and second ridges formed on the bottom has an inclined surface corresponding to the average slope of the lower branch of the skull of the seated person in an upright state with respect to the ground, thereby When defining as θ the angle formed between the direction of gravity and the extension line between the superior anterior iliac spine belonging to the pelvic bone and the skull tuberosity, When the occupant is seated, the range may be -20°≤θ≤+20°. Accordingly, by suppressing the change in the average tilt, the change in the angle of the seated person's bones can be suppressed.

As a result, the angle of the seated person's pelvic bones is maintained similar to the upright state even in the seated state, so that the load applied to the spine is evenly distributed, thereby preventing damage to the intervertebral discs forming between the vertebrae.

Figure 1 is a side view showing the change in angle of the pelvic bone in an upright state and in a state of sitting on a regular chair.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the spine while seated on a saddle chair made by Salli, Finland.
Figure 3a is a perspective view for explaining a sheet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3B is a front view for explaining the sheet structure of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 3C is a schematic side view for explaining the sheet structure of FIG. 3A.
Figure 4 is a photograph to explain the pelvic bones of the human body.
Figure 5a is a side view for explaining the ischiopelvic bone of a user seated on a conventional chair structure.
FIG. 5B is a side view illustrating the ischial foot bone on which the seat structure of FIG. 3A is seated.
FIG. 6 is a diagram comparing the angle of the left pelvic bone seated on the seat structure of FIG. 3A and the angle of the pelvic bone in an upright state.
Figure 7 is a perspective view for explaining a sheet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Since the present invention can be subject to various changes and have various forms, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the text. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific disclosed form, and should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. In the attached drawings, the sizes and amounts of objects are enlarged or reduced from the actual size to ensure clarity of the present invention.

Terms such as first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be named a first component without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, terms such as “comprise” or “comprise” are intended to designate the presence of features, steps, functions, components, or a combination thereof described in the specification, but are not intended to indicate the presence of other features, steps, functions, or components. It should be understood that the existence or addition possibility of combinations thereof is not excluded in advance.

Meanwhile, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and unless explicitly defined in the present application, should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense. No.

Figure 3a is a perspective view for explaining a sheet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3B is a front view for explaining the sheet structure of FIG. 3A. FIG. 3C is a schematic side view for explaining the sheet structure of FIG. 3A.

Referring to FIGS. 3A to 3C, the seat structure 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention can itself be used as a substitute for a chair. Additionally, the seat structure 1000 may be placed on a general chair or on the floor.

The seat structure 1000 includes a seat 10 and a back plate 60 that is bent at a rear end of the seat 10 and extends upward.

The seat 10 can support the buttocks of the seated person. The sheet 10 may have a rectangular plate shape.

The seat 10 includes a bottom 15 and a pair of first and second ridges 100 and 200 that are raised from the bottom 15 and arranged symmetrically left and right and provided to support the pelvic bones of the seated person. ) includes.

The first and second ridges 100 and 200 may be arranged symmetrically left and right. As each of the first and second ridges 100 and 200 protrudes from the bottom 15, the first and second ridges 100 and 200 can suppress a change in the angle of the pelvic bone.

To this end, each of the first and second ridges 100 and 200 includes first and second lumbar support portions 110 and 210. The first and second skull supports (110, 210) have slopes (115, 215) corresponding to the average slope of the inferior pubic ramus (5a) of a seated person standing upright with respect to the ground. do. The inferior branch of the skull is located in the lower part of the body of the skull. The average inclination corresponds to the average value of the angle at which the inclined portion of the lower branch of the skull is inclined with respect to the ground. The average slope can be measured as the slope of a line connecting the top and bottom of the lower branch of the skull.

As a result, the first and second lumbar support portions 110 and 210 can suppress changes in the average inclination when the seated person sits down.

Figure 4 is a photograph to explain the pelvic bones of the human body. Figure 5a is a side view for explaining the ischiopelvic bone of a user seated on a conventional chair structure. FIG. 5B is a side view illustrating the ischial foot bone on which the seat structure of FIG. 3A is seated. FIG. 6 is a diagram comparing the angle of the left pelvic bone seated on the seat structure of FIG. 3A and the angle of the pelvic bone in an upright state.

Referring to Figure 4, the pelvic bones (gluteal bones) that make up the pelvis of the human body include the iliac bone (ilium, ischium), the lumbar bone (pubis), and the ischium (ischium).

Referring to FIG. 5A, in the pelvic bone of a user seated on a conventional chair structure, when the angle formed between the direction of gravity and the extension line between the superior anterior iliac spine belonging to the pelvic bone and the calvarial tubercle is defined as θ, The angle θ has an angle of 30 degrees or more.

Referring to FIG. 6, when the human body remains upright on the left side, the angle θ has a value of 0. That is, the distance between each disc is maintained uniformly in response to the load applied to the spine in an upright state, so that the load can be uniformly distributed overall. Therefore, when a user sits on the seat structure in an upright state, it is required to suppress the change in the angle θ value in the upright state.

Referring to FIG. 5B, the second protrusion suppresses changes in the angle (θ) value when sitting, thereby maintaining a neutral central state.

In the upright state, the inferior branch of the skull located below the capillary tuberosity has an average inclination with respect to the ground. The average tilt may range from 20 to 38°.

The inclined surface may have an average inclination of the lower limb of the skull of a seated person in an upright state with respect to the ground. Accordingly, even if the standing state is converted to a sitting state, the head support portion having the inclined surface can suppress the rotation of the skull bone. As a result, the protrusion can suppress a change in the average inclination when the seated person sits down.

Referring to Figure 5b, when sitting, if the concave point C made up of the pelvic bones, especially the cephalic bone and the femoral shaft, is aligned with triangle ABC, the pelvic bone symphysialis (facies symphysialis) of the pelvic bone leans against the AC slope of triangle ABC at θ = It has a state of 0°. At this time, since the spine located above the femoral head where the femur is connected has a neutral central state, the problem of external force being concentrated on a specific intervertebral disc can be solved by uniform distribution of load. One

In one embodiment of the present invention, the width of the ischial pelvic bone when viewed from the side is approximately 129 mm on average for adult women and 137 mm for adult men. Meanwhile, in the case of the height (h) between the lower branch of the skull and the lowest part of the skull, the average value for adult men and women is 48 mm. At this time, the height of the second ridge may correspond to the height (h). For example, the height of the second ridge may range from 10 to 55 mm.

Meanwhile, the length (a) of the line segment projected from the top of the lower branch of the cephalic bone to the ground is the average value for adult men and women and is approximately 78 mm. Therefore, at this time, the length of the orthographic line segment of the slope with respect to the bottom surface may correspond to the length (a). For example, the length (a) of the orthographic line segment of the slope with respect to the bottom surface may range from 60 to 90 mm.

In addition, the angle formed by the first inclined surface (AC, reference number 215 in FIG. 3A) of the second skull support portion inclined toward the back plate from the apex (C, reference number 215a in FIG. 3A) of the second ridge with respect to the bottom surface. (α) can range from 20 to 38°.

Considering the average body measurements of adult men and women, the horizontal distance between the sacroflexion and the vertical line passing through point C has a value in the range of 110 to 180 mm. Accordingly, the horizontal distance of the vertex measured from the back plate may correspond to the vertical line distance. For example, the horizontal distance of the vertex measured from the back plate may range from 110 to 180 mm.

Referring again to FIG. 3C, the back panel 60 includes a sacral support portion and a thoracic spine support portion.

The sacrum support portion supports the sacrum of the seated person. The thoracic vertebrae support portion is connected to the sacral support portion and corresponds to positions of the 10th to 12th thoracic vertebrae of the seated person. The thoracic vertebrae support portion may be inclined in a range of 20 to 30° with respect to the direction opposite to the direction of gravity. Accordingly, the back panel can support the seated person's spine more stably.

Figure 7 is a perspective view for explaining a sheet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, a seat structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a seat and a back plate.

The sheet includes first and second ridges. At this time, the extension line 115b formed by the vertices 115a included in each of the first and second ridges may have an inclined angle with respect to the front edge 15 of the sheet 10. At this time, the angle (β) may range from 10 to 40°.

That is, each of the first and second ridges has the angle β corresponding to the inclination of the ischium tubercle 23a (see FIG. 4). That is, considering the state in which the ischial tuberosity is inclined from the inside to the outside toward the back plate, the extension line 115b formed by the vertices 115a may have an inclined angle with respect to the front edge 15 of the seat. .

Regarding the material used for the seat structure 1000 according to the present invention, the material of the seat plate is plywood, wood, synthetic resin, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, carbon fiber, FRP, etc., and is subjected to press molding, injection molding, CNA processing, and compression molding. It can be processed into, etc., and a cushion can be provided on the upper surface of the seat seat, and the material of the cushion part with the cushion formed on the upper surface is processed into silicon, urethane, sponge, EVA, non-woven fabric, fiber material, cotton, leather, etc. The pimalis sheet (1) can be provided by mutual synthesis, molding or compression.

As such, the present invention can be implemented in various modifications, and has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and includes embodiments that simply combine the above embodiments with existing known techniques and apply them. Together, in the claims and detailed description of the present invention, techniques that can be modified and used by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains should be considered to be naturally included in the technical scope of the present invention.

1000: sheet structure 10: sheet
60: back plate 100: first ridge
110: first lumbar support 115: first slope
120: first thigh bone support 200: second ridge
210: second lumbar support 215: second inclined plane
220: Second thigh bone support portion

Claims (8)

a seat having a bottom and a pair of first and second ridges each raised from the bottom, arranged symmetrically left and right with each other, and provided to support the buttocks of a seated person; and
a back plate that is bent from a rear end of the seat and extends upward and supports the spine of the seated person;
Each of the first and second ridges,
By providing an inclined surface corresponding to the average inclination of the lower branch of the seated person's skull with respect to the ground in an upright state, comprising a skull support portion provided to suppress the average inclination in the upright state from changing when the person seated is seated. A sheet structure characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second ridges,
A seat structure further comprising a thigh bone support portion that is inclined from the apex of the skull support portion to the bottom toward the front and supports the thigh bone portion of the seated person. According to any one of paragraphs 1 and 2,
When defining the angle formed between the direction of gravity and the extension line between the superior anterior iliac spine supporting the buttocks and the coccygeal tubercle as θ, a seat characterized in that it has a range of -20°≤θ≤+20° when the occupant is seated. structure. According to claim 1 or 2,
The height of the vertices of each of the first and second ridges relative to the bottom surface ranges from 10 to 55 mm,
The length of the orthographic line segment of the slope with respect to the bottom surface is in the range of 60 to 90 mm,
A sheet structure, characterized in that the angle formed between the inclined surface and the orthogonal line segment has a range of 20 to 38°. The sheet structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the horizontal distance from the back plate to the apex of each of the first and second ridges is in the range of 110 to 180 mm. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the back plate is,
It includes a sacral support portion supporting the sacrum of the seated person and a thoracic vertebrae support portion extending upward from the sacral support portion and corresponding to positions of the 10th to 12th thoracic vertebrae of the seated person, wherein the thoracic vertebrae support portion is positioned in the opposite direction of gravity. A sheet structure characterized by being inclined in the range of 20 to 30°. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein an extension line is defined by vertices included in each of the first and second ridges, and the extension line has an inclined angle with respect to the front edge of the sheet. sheet structure. The sheet structure according to claim 7, wherein the angle ranges from 10 to 40°.