JP2008110096A - Backrest and seat part for chair for welfare - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a backrest and a seat part for a chair for welfare, and back attachment for the chair, which enables a seated person who has a spine or pelvis curved, muscles or fat on the back or buttocks lost, or has already developed decubitus to sit thereon comfortably and stably, to rest, not to develop pains or decubitus even after long time use but to improve symptoms, does not lose movability of the seated person, and is versatile and economical. <P>SOLUTION: In the chair including a backrest 8, a seat part 3, and a chair body 2, the backrest 8 includes a backrest body 9 having a recessed part 9d on the front, a backrest pad 10, and a headrest 11. The backrest pad 10 and the headrest 11 are attachable/detachable and freely positioned, while the seat part 3 includes a seat frame 4 having a recessed part 4d provided with a ventilation groove on its upper surface, and a seat cushion 5 having avoid part. The seat cushion 5 is removably mounted on the upper surface of the seat frame 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention provides a backrest and seating part for a welfare chair used by a seated person who has a curved spine and pelvis, muscles and fat in the back and buttocks, and who has already developed pressure sores. Regarding attachments.

Even if a person is healthy, it may hurt his buttocks and back if he / she sits in a chair such as a general chair or sitting chair, or a chair such as a wheelchair or standing support chair, but the spine and pelvis are curved. For those who have had muscles or fat in the back or buttocks, or have already developed pressure ulcers, sitting in a chair itself can cause further pain and pressure ulcers, worsening, and promoting spinal and pelvic curvature. It can be.

That is, as shown in FIG. 17, when a seated person with a curved spine or pelvis, muscles or fat in the back or hips, or already developing pressure ulcers sits in a normal chair, the curved top of the spine becomes It is pushed as shown by arrow A by the backrest. However, a seated person whose muscles have fallen cannot resist this force, so it becomes more bent forward and the internal organs are squeezed and suffocated. Therefore, the seated person inevitably moves the buttocks to the front of the seated section, and takes a sliding sitting posture as shown in FIG. 19A, for example. However, because the seated person's spinal column is curved, in this sitting position, the back and back are pointed, the body is easy to roll, and because it is shallow, it may slip off, which is extremely inconsequential. A stable sitting posture. Therefore, in order to obtain stability, the occupant is forced to step on his foot and press his back and buttocks strongly against the chair. However, this becomes a cause of strengthening the repulsion from the chair, and the repulsive force exceeding the body pressure as indicated by the arrow B is received from the seat back as well as the backrest.

All of the repulsive force from these chairs is that muscles and fats fall, and the lower part of the hip, which consists of the curved top of the spine and the protruding bones (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum), is received by the cushion. Although it is built-in, the contact surface of the backrest and the seating portion is a flat surface and hits a point, so that the pressure concentrates on the contact portion and causes pain. Therefore, the seated person makes the sitting posture deeper and deeper, and falls into a vicious circle between instability and pressure increase, in order to crawl the contact portion.

As described above, the site where high pressure is generated is a site where muscles and fat are inherently small in the sitting posture, and the protruding bone directly supports body pressure. For a seated person whose back is stretched and has enough muscles and fat on the back and buttocks, body pressure is not a problem. However, for a seated person such as that shown in FIG. 17, such concentrated body pressure is an unbearable stress on the curved top of the spinal column and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic nodules, coccyx, lower sacrum). This is because high pressure causes mechanical pain and damage to thinned muscles, fat, and skin, and also presses blood vessels to inhibit blood flow. In addition, since the abutting portion inhibits sweating and moisture evaporation, there is a problem of skin wetting. Pressure ulcers can develop as a result of rubbing when skin tissue is exposed to prolonged stagnation and humidity, and sitting in a chair can itself cause pain and pressure ulcers.

FIG. 18 is a front view of the pelvis composed of the iliac bone, sacrum, sciatic tubercle and coccyx. Looking at the body pressure distribution of a person sitting on a chair, a high pressure distribution centered on the two left and right sciatic nodules. Depending on the body shape, the sitting posture, and the configuration of the sitting portion, a high-pressure portion appears on the lower part of the coccyx and sacrum and on the back, and tenderness and pressure ulcer tend to develop in such a site.

Therefore, in order to prevent tenderness and pressure ulcer development, it is important to disperse and reduce the pressure applied to the abutment part, stop the compression to the same part in a short time, and dry the skin. It is important to change the support position frequently. By the way, according to the homepage of the Health and Welfare Public Relations Association, elderly people in the United States who use wheelchairs are instructed to go back to bed every hour or raise their buttocks from the seat every 15 minutes. That's it.

FIG. 19 is also a diagram showing an undesirable way of sitting that is likely to occur with a sling seat disclosed on the homepage of the Health and Welfare Public Relations Association. FIG. 19A is a diagram showing a so-called “slip sitting” state in which the sciatic nodule moves forward and the pelvis tilts backward. Slip-sitting is a sitting method that is particularly common in elderly people. In this case, high pressure is generated in the coccyx and the lower part of the sacrum in addition to the sciatic nodules. FIG. 19B shows a sitting method in which the pelvis is inclined. In this case, pressure is concentrated on either the left or right side. Further, FIG. 19C shows a sitting method in which the pelvis rotates, and in this case, the pressure is concentrated. However, these sittings do not occur only when sitting on a sling seat, but in the case of a seated person who has lost muscles and fat in the back, abdomen, and buttocks, the deformation is fixed as a curvature of the spine and pelvis. There are many.

Therefore, in order for a seated person who has a curved spine, pelvis, muscles and fat in the back and buttocks, or already developed pressure ulcers to sit comfortably, the chair firmly supports the body of the seated person. There must be. That is, the chair must be able to support the buttocks, thighs, back, neck, and head properly, depending on the physique, body shape, and sitting posture of the seated person. In addition, sitting does not only add mechanical stress to the body, but it can also adversely affect the skin environment and internal organs environment, so it must be able to cope with this.

For this reason, inventions such as Patent Documents 1 to 8 have been made for backrests and seating parts that reduce body pressure, which is the main cause of pain and pressure ulcers, and can improve the skin environment. Development has also been made. First, Patent Document 1 will be described. According to the description of the gazette, Patent Document 1 states that “in a portion where a chair seat or a mattress supports a buttocks or the like, the body pressure is dispersed without abruptly changing the repulsive force of the cushion depending on the position. The present invention discloses a seat cushion structure and a wheelchair to which the cushion is applied for the purpose of providing a cushion structure that does not hurt the body, and a wheelchair and mattress provided with the cushion structure.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a seat cushion used for the seat portion of the wheelchair proposed in the above, and FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the left half of the seat cushion shown in FIG. The first cushion material 74 that supports the thigh, the second cushion material 75 that supports the thigh side with a larger repulsive force than the cushion material, and the third and fourth cushion materials that have a large repulsive force around the first cushion material 74 76 and 77 are joined diagonally so that both of the cushion materials overlap vertically at their joints, and the first and second cushion materials 74 and 75 are on the upper layer side thereof. A lower upper cushion 73 having a larger repulsive force and a lower cushion 71 having a larger repulsive force than the first cushion material 74 on the lower layer side. . "

Therefore, “the cushion materials having different repulsive forces are joined obliquely so as to overlap each other, so that a sudden change in the repulsive force of the cushion can be reduced in this portion. The joint does not concentrate locally, so the body does not hurt even when used for a long time, and the repulsive force is continuously changed to the optimal state in the cushion surface direction, and the seat with such a cushion structure Then, since the entire buttocks are supported by the cushioning material, the upper body can be stably held. "

Next, Patent Document 2 will be described. FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a main part of the sitting position holding cushion disclosed in the gazette as Patent Document 2. The cushion indicates that “the bottom surface 51 is a flat plate having a cushioning property, and the sciatic holes 52 and 53 are formed at the center of the bottom surface. In the middle of the front, there is a crotch wall 54 raised like a bank, and a horseshoe-shaped staircase ridge 55 is provided from the rear to both sides. In the above, it is possible to stabilize the sciatic bone, and to reduce the burden on the upper body and the lumbar vertebrae and the compression of the internal organs by suppressing the inversion of the femoral head and the posterior tilt of the pelvis to suppress the R-shaped spine. Has been.

The document also states that “the sitting-holding cushion is integrally molded using a resin-based foam material such as synthetic rubber, urethane rubber, and polyethylene.” The Tonobu dyke 55 is formed into a horseshoe shape with reference to the shape around the buttock and the body pressure distribution on the seating surface, and the dam is stepped for the purpose of increasing the repulsive force of the cushion. ing.

Next, Patent Document 3 will be described. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a cushion material disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-122867. The cushion material is “a cushion material partially including a seating portion that receives the weight of a user in a concentrated manner. Is configured by sequentially stacking a first cushion body, a second cushion body, and a third cushion body in the thickness direction, and the first cushion body has a lower hardness than the second cushion body. The third cushion body is thicker than the second cushion body in the seating portion, and the third cushion body is harder than the second cushion body and the thickness is thinner than the thickness of the second cushion body in the seating portion. It is a cushioning material characterized by being. " With this configuration, "providing a comfortable feeling without raising the bottom and feeling of bottoming even if the user's weight increases or decreases under the condition that the overall thickness of the cushion material is kept within a certain range. In addition, if the concave portion for detachably holding the first cushion is formed in the width direction of the second cushion body, it is easy to replace the first cushion body according to the body shape and preference of the user. "I can do it."

Next, Patent Document 4 will be described. FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a cushion sheet placed on a seat chair disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-151405. 81 is a seating surface, 82 is a backrest surface, 83 is a cushion sheet, and 84 is a space for pressure ulcers. , 85 is a spine space portion, and 87 is a seat chair. The cushion seat is “a cushion seat comprising a seating surface and a backrest surface following the rear end of the seating surface, A space where the space around the caudal bone of the seated person and the pressure ulcer part is kept away from hitting at the center of the rear end, and the backbone part is kept away from the vertical length of the central part of the backrest surface. A cushion sheet for people with pressure ulcers or scoliosis characterized by the provision of a part. ”According to the above configuration,“ spaces that prevent pressure ulcers and bent or protruding spines from hitting. The seat is Raised the upper body at or bed, a long period of time without the pain and movement by the wheelchair or vehicle cause the effect of being able to comfortably spend. "Effect, it has been described.

Next, Patent Document 5 will be described. FIG. 25 is a seat cushion disclosed in the gazette as Patent Document 5, wherein (a) is a perspective view thereof, (b) is a diagram showing the relationship between the seat cushion and the skeleton, 56 is a seat plate, 57 is Although the recess 58 is a film, the seat cushion is provided with “a recess 57 in which the sciatic bone is accommodated in the seated state at the rear edge of the seat plate 56 formed of a resilient material. The concentration of pressure is suppressed, and the body pressure is dispersed in the flat buttocks and thighs, so that the buttocks are less likely to hurt. "

Next, Patent Document 6 will be described. FIG. 26 shows a pressure ulcer mat disclosed in Patent Literature 6 as a patent document 6, 1a is a rectangular parallelepiped gel body, 2a is a cover material covering the entire surface, and a part thereof is cut out in the figure, and 3a is Although it is a sealing part of the cover material, the mat prevention wound mat is “the flexibility of the entire gel body is increased by the air bubbles enclosed in the gel body. The crosslink density can be increased, and as a result, separation of the gel body does not occur and it does not lose its shape, a good body pressure dispersion effect can be obtained, and a gel body having a specific gravity of approximately 1 or more. By substituting the part with bubbles, the weight of the gel body is reduced, and the operability of the mat is improved. ”

Next, Patent Document 7 will be described. FIG. 27 shows a seat system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-293400. “The seat system (2b) is a base member (6b) having an upper surface (8b) and a fluid placed on the upper surface (8b)”. The upper surface (8b) is contoured to have areas (12b, 14b, 16b) corresponding to the rough surface and tailbone of the user's ischia, with the user's femur including the trochanter. The fluid pad (7b) in the preferred embodiment is a single piece and has at least three individual pouches (1b, 3b, 5b) filled with fluid. Each pouch has a seal to contain the fluid therein and to prevent and isolate communication with the fluid in the other two pouches Each pouch of the pad (7b) has a base member ( It is positioned on the upper surface (8b) of 6b) so that it is below the rough surface of the user's sciatic bone and below the tailbone. Thereby, the rough surface and the tailbone of the user's ischia are supported by their own individual fluid pouches, ”and“ with such a configuration, the amount of fluid in each pouch is appropriately adjusted. Thus, the user's rough surface of the sciatic bone and the support pressure of the coccyx can be made substantially equal or different as desired.

Next, Patent Document 8 will be described. FIG. 28 is a cushion for a chair disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-228561. “A buffer portion 2 made of a material with low resilience and supporting the buttocks, and both large gluteal muscle portions excluding at least the sacrum, coccyx and sciatic nodule at the back of the buttocks A support part 3 made of a material having the most repulsive property compared to other materials, and a hole for fitting the buffer part 2 into the center part. Or a groove 4a, which is made of a material having a smaller resiliency than the support portion 3 or of an equivalent material, at least a part of which is disposed below the support portion and substantially over the entire seat portion. "With the seat pressure dispersion follow-up part 4 that disperses the pressure over the entire seat part." "According to the present invention, high pressure and extreme pressure concentration are generated regardless of individual differences in seating posture and buttocks shape." Suppressable and comfortable to sit Ku, also long decubitus generated be used it is possible to provide a wheelchair with a cushion and the cushion capable of suppressing chair. "Effect, is described.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-51918 JP-A-8-140784 JP 2002-165676 A Utility Model Registration No. 3092029 JP 2003-394 A Utility model registration 2044203 Special Table 2000-513591 JP 2006-200 A

By the way, although the conventional chair cushion disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 8 has a configuration capable of meeting a part of the problems required for the backrest and the seating portion of the welfare chair, it is as follows. There was a problem. The following is a summary of the issues to be solved by the backrest and seating section of welfare chairs and the main points in describing individual problems.

Problem (1): A seated person can sit comfortably and stably and rest.
For that purpose, the thigh, buttocks, hips, back, neck, and head can be properly supported.
The chair can be adjusted to the seated person's physique, body shape and sitting posture.
Problem (2): Does not cause pain or pressure ulcers even when used for a long time.
Therefore, the skin environment (pressure, temperature, humidity) can be adjusted.
The pressure applied to the support site can be dispersed and reduced, and compression to the same site can be stopped in a short time.
Can avoid and support areas that tend to develop pressure ulcers.
The skin can be dried.
Problem (3): Symptoms can be improved.
For this reason, the cause of pressure ulcers can be removed.
The backrest and seating part and its components can be attached, detached and repositioned.
Ventilation around the support area and cleaning of components can be performed.
Problem (4): The operability of the seated person is not impaired.
Therefore, do not use unnecessary restraints.
Problem (5): Versatile and economical.
Therefore, it can cope with various physiques, body shapes, and sitting postures.
It can be applied directly to existing chairs.
Durable and wearable parts can be replaced.
The part structure is simple and can be manufactured at low cost.

In light of the above problems and points, the cushions disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 8 are configured to solve each problem individually, or a structure that partially resolves, but a structure that comprehensively solves the above problems. There is no one with. First, in the case of Patent Document 1, the cushion materials having different repulsive forces are joined obliquely so as to overlap each other, so that it has an excellent configuration in terms of suppressing high pressure and extreme pressure concentration. I can say that. However, in the case of the configuration of Patent Document 1, as described above, “the second cushion material 75 supporting the thigh side, and the third and fourth cushion materials 76 and 77 having a large repulsive force around the second cushion material 75. However, since the supporting member such as the back does not exist as well as the “constituent member that supports the back surface portion of the buttocks”, the above-described problem (1) cannot be achieved.

Further, when the conventional technique is limited to the above-mentioned “constituent member that supports the back portion of the collar portion”, the constituent member is disclosed in Patent Document 2. That is, in Patent Document 2, as described above, “the step-shaped buttock ridge 55 is molded into a horseshoe shape with reference to the shape of the buttock periphery and the body pressure distribution of the seat surface, thereby increasing the repulsive force of the cushion. There is a description stating that the bank is stepped for the purpose, and the constituent members that support the back part of the heel part are described. However, although the horseshoe-shaped buttocks ridge 55 of Patent Document 2 is a flat plate having a cushioning property, the bottom surface 51 has sciatic holes 52 and 3; The problem of pressure concentration in Problem (2) has not been solved as well as comprehensive problem solving.

In addition, about the structure which reduces the pressure which concentrates on the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) and the curved top of the spinal column, Patent Document 4 states, “Do not hit the periphery of the tailbone of the seated person and the pressure ulcer part. A configuration in which a space portion is provided and a space portion is provided so that the spine portion is not applied to the entire vertical length of the central portion of the back support surface ”is further described in Patent Document 5 as“ the sciatic bone is in a sitting state. A configuration in which a recess 57 to be accommodated is provided is proposed. Both of these are great inventions to avoid pressure concentration on the lower buttocks (sciatic nodules, coccyx, lower sacrum) and the curved top of the spinal column, but the same part is always compressed, and The thighs and buttocks, as well as the waist, back, neck and head are not configured to properly support important points while changing the support position, so the seated person must have a so-called “good posture” or “constant body shape”. From a comprehensive viewpoint, it must be said that the problems (1), (2), and (4) remain.

The remaining inventions of Patent Documents 3, 6, and 7 are also inventions aiming at suppressing pressure concentration and aiming at a body pressure dispersion effect and a comfortable feeling of use, all of which support the back part of the buttocks, etc. There is no disclosure, the configuration is complicated, and there is no comprehensive solution. The last patent document 8 has been proposed to solve the problems left in the patent documents 1 to 7, and exhibits an excellent pressure dispersion effect in the buttock support, which is the maximum compared to the other inventions described above. It shows the results of reducing the pressure. However, there is no great difference in the complexity of the structure, regardless of how low the rebound material is used, as long as the entire buttocks abuts the cushion, the lower part of the buttocks protruding from other parts (sciatic nodules, coccyx, sacrum) (Lower part) shows that the body pressure is the most applied around it. In addition, in the present invention, since the support portions on the side surface and the back surface of the buttocks are low and there is no support for the waist, the back, the neck and the head as in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 4 and 5, so-called “good posture” for the seated person. It is an invention that requires a “certain body shape” and is difficult to adopt for a seated person who has a curved spine or pelvis, muscles or fat in the back or hips, or has already developed pressure ulcers. I must.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems as described above, and the problems of the invention are that the spine and pelvis are curved, muscles and fat in the back and hips have dropped, and pressure ulcers have already developed. The seated person can sit and rest comfortably and stably, and can be used for a long time without causing pain or pressure ulcers, symptom improvement, and versatility that does not impair the seated person's operability It is to provide a backrest and a seating portion of a welfare chair, and a chair retrofit attachment, which are economical.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a chair comprising a backrest, a seating portion, a chair body, and the like. The backrest includes a backrest body having a sufficiently large and deep recess into which the back is fitted, a backrest pad, and a headrest. The backrest pad attached to the lower left and right sides of the recess and the headrest attached across the main body above the backrest body can be attached / detached and repositioned, and the seating section has ventilation on its upper surface. It consists of a seat frame that has a groove and has a sufficiently large and deep recess into which the collar fits, and a seat cushion that has a thick front part and a thin rear part, and a cutout part. The seat cushion is detachable on the upper surface of the seat frame. (Claim 1). In the above, the backrest pads are not limited to the left and right pair, and may be increased or decreased as necessary. In addition, each upper edge side of the concave portion of the seat frame may draw a light arc and beveled in accordance with the upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and the upper part of the sacrum).

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the backrest includes the backrest body, the backrest pad, and the headrest, and the backrest pad and the headrest are detachable and repositionable. Therefore, the backrest pad includes the back, the waist, and the recess. In order to create a gap between them, the rear lower side of the back and / or the rear side of the lower back are sandwiched and contacted obliquely and set on the lower left and right sides of the recess. The headrest is set across the main body above the backrest main body so as to support the lower back of the head or the rear neck of the seated person at rest. In addition, since the concave portion is sufficiently large and deep, the curved top portion of the spinal column, which is likely to develop pressure ulcers by pressure, is fitted with a gap without contacting the concave portion.

In addition, since the seating portion is composed of a seat frame and a seat cushion that is detachably mounted on the upper surface thereof, the seated person's buttocks fit into the recess of the seat frame across the rear portion of the seat cushion, and the thigh is The upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and the upper part of the sacrum) fits into the recessed part of the seat frame with the rear part of the seat cushion interposed therebetween, and comes into contact with the upper edge of the cushion. In addition, the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower part of the sacrum), which is likely to develop pressure ulcers, is pressed and is fitted with a gap without contacting the recess.

Thus, body pressure can be measured by both the lower back side of the back and the back side of the waist that contact the back pad, or one of them, and the upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and upper sacrum) that contact the upper edge of the recess of the seat frame. The pressure is received by the lower surface of the thigh placed on the front part of the seat cushion. Furthermore, when resting, the lower part of the back of the head or the back of the neck that contacts the headrest is also applied to receive pressure. In addition, these support parts that receive body pressure are flat and receive body pressure in a distributed manner, so the pressure does not increase. Because it is a less susceptible area, it does not cause pain or pressure ulcers. Also, as a matter of course, no pressure is generated at the curved top of the spinal column, the back, waist, and lower buttocks (sciatic nodules, coccyx, lower sacrum) that do not contact the recess. In addition, since the back pad and headrest can be attached and detached and repositioned freely, the mounting position can be changed so that pressure on the same part does not reach for a long time, and the seated person can also freely change its sitting posture be able to.

In addition, the back and waist that fit into the recess of the backrest body are supported by the back lower side and the back side of the back that are in contact with the back pad, or one of them, and the recess of the seat frame. The buttocks fitted into the upper part are supported by the upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and upper sacrum) that are in contact with the upper edge of the concave part, and the thighs that are placed on the front part of the seat cushion are supported by the lower surface and both outer sides. Therefore, the seated person is pushed forward and laterally, and is not forced to take an unstable posture such as rolling forward, backward, left and right, or shallow, and a stable sitting posture can be obtained. In addition, if the lower part of the back of the head or the back of the neck is deposited on the headrest and leans against it, the upper body can be further stabilized and can rest comfortably.

In addition, gaps are formed between the back and lower back and the backrest main body recess, and between the lower buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) and the seat frame recess, and a ventilation groove is provided. Since these are integrated to form a ventilation layer and ventilate, the rise in temperature and humidity around the support area including the curved top of the spinal column and the lower groin (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum) are suppressed. Can do.

Also, since the curved back fits into the recess of the backrest body, it is unlikely that the back is pushed forward by the backrest and the internal organs are pressed like when sitting on a normal chair shown in FIG. There are no backs. In addition, since the back pad supports the lower back side of the back and the back side of the waist from an oblique direction, the arms and shoulders are not restrained and the degree of freedom of the upper body is high.

Further, since the position of the backrest pad and the headrest can be freely changed, the mounting position can be changed according to the physique, body shape, and sitting posture of the seated person. Moreover, since the headrest, the backrest pad, and the seat cushion, which are relatively easily worn, are detachable, if they are replaced, they can be used for a long time as a whole, and durability can be obtained.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem in combination with claim 1, according to the present invention, the backrest body has a spacer that is detachably and removably attached to the lower back of the back, and the seat frame is attached to the backrest support plate. Is attached to the seat frame support plate so as to be detachable and position-changeable, and the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part can be freely changed (claim 2). In the above, it is preferable that the backrest body is attached by a backrest attachment band having a magic tape, and the seat frame is attached by a magic tape.

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part can be changed, the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part can be changed according to the physique, body shape, and sitting posture of the seated person. The seated person can sit comfortably and stably without being forced into an unreasonable posture. Moreover, if it attaches with the backrest attachment band which has a magic tape, or a magic tape, a change is easy. Further, according to the first and second aspects, since it has a simple configuration as a whole, it can be easily manufactured, and the backrest and seating portion of the welfare chair can be provided at a low cost.

As the embodiments of the invention of claim 1, the following claims 3 to 5 are preferred, and the embodiment of the invention of claim 2 is preferably the invention of claim 6 below, but is limited to these configurations. is not. The operational effects of the embodiments of claims 1 and 2 and claims 3 to 6 and other embodiments (other variations) different from the embodiments will be described in detail later.

First, in the backrest and seating portion of the welfare chair according to claim 1, the concave portion of the backrest main body has a trapezoidal shape or a semi-elliptical shape, with its longitudinal and transverse cross sections imitating a curved back and waist. The back and lower back of the back and the back of the lower back are supported by a backrest pad so that they are inserted diagonally.The back and lower back are sufficient recesses to fit in, and there is a ventilation groove on the upper surface of the seat frame. The concave part is a concave part that protrudes toward the rear part of the seat frame and sinks down from the outer edge toward the bottom part. The lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) Fits partly without contacting the bottom or bottom, and the upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and upper part of the sacrum) sandwiches the seat cushion and fits into the upper edge of the recess. The seat cushion is formed by a punched hole that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the cushion core material and a groove that continues to the punched hole, and the punched hole connects the sciatic nodule to the coccyx and lower sacrum in the sitting position. A hole surrounding the polygon formed by the above-described method, and the punched groove is a groove extending diagonally outward of the core material from the punched hole (claim 3).

According to the embodiment, the curved top portion of the spinal column that is likely to develop pressure ulcers is supported by a back pad on either or both of the lower back side of the back and the back side of the lumbar region, and abuts against the recess of the backrest body. 17 and is inserted with a gap, so that it is not pushed by the backrest as in the case shown in FIG. 17, and it is not forced to take an undesired posture such as a slip-sitting or receive pressure intensively. . In addition, the lower hip area (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum), which tends to develop pressure ulcers, is a hole that surrounds the polygon formed by connecting the sciatic nodule to the coccyx and the lower sacrum. Moreover, since the punching groove reduces the deformation resistance around the punched portion, even if the seating posture is slightly changed, high pressure is not concentrated.

The concave part of the backrest body has a trapezoidal or semi-elliptical shape, imitating the curved back and waist, so that the backrest pad and headrest can be attached to the seated person even if the physique and body shape are different. It is easy to abut on the back lower rear side and the waist rear side, and it is easy to change the position. In addition, since the recess on the top surface of the seat frame is a recess that sinks down from the outer edge toward the bottom, even if the physique or body shape is different, it fits and comes into contact with no problem, thus forcing an unreasonable posture to the seated person There is no.

Furthermore, the backrest and seating part of the welfare chair according to claim 1 and 3, wherein the backrest main body is provided with a velcro tape (female) on the lower left and right side parts and upper outer edges of the backrest main body recess. Each of the pad and the headrest has a magic tape (male) on the back surface thereof, the seat cushion has a magic tape (male) sandwiched between the front portion and the rear portion of the lower surface of the seat cushion, and the seat frame has a seat It has a velcro tape (female) sandwiching the concave portion in front and rear of the upper surface of the frame, and these velcro tapes are detachable from each other (Claim 4). Furthermore, in the backrest body described in the above 1, 3, 4, the velcro tape (female) attached to the lower left and right side portions of the backrest body recess and the upper outer edges is sufficiently wide so that the position of the backrest pad and the headrest can be freely changed. (Claim 5).

Further, in the back and seating part of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the backrest main body has a backrest attachment band sandwiched by a spacer that is detachably and repositionably attached to the lower back of the backrest body. The seat frame is attached to the seat frame support plate with its velcro tape, but the backrest body has velcro straps (male) on the left and right sides of the upper and lower sides, and a wide enough velcro tape at the lower outer edges of the back. The backrest mounting band has a magic tape (female) at both ends of one surface, and the spacer has a magic tape (male) at the back surface. The seat frame has a magic tape (male) in front and rear of its lower surface, and the seat frame support plate has a sufficiently wide magic tape (female) in front and rear of its upper surface. The velcro tape (female) is wide enough so that the position of the spacer and the seat frame can be changed freely, so that the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part can be changed. (Claim 6). According to the embodiment, the position of the component, the angle of the backrest, and the position of the seating part can be easily changed according to the physique, body shape, and sitting posture.

The backrest and seating portion of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the backrest main body is a thick plate made of rigid foamed urethane whose back surface is reinforced with a plate-like reinforcing material. The backrest body core material is integrally wrapped with the outer skin, the backrest pad is made of soft foam urethane and the block-shaped pad body is wrapped with the outer skin, and the headrest is made of plate-like reinforcing material and hard foam urethane, etc. A laminated material composed of a cushion material composed of a headrest core material and soft foamed urethane, etc. is wrapped with an outer shell, and the seat frame is composed of a thick plate-like hard foamed urethane with its bottom surface reinforced with a plate-like reinforcing material The seat frame core material is integrally wrapped with an outer skin, and the bottom of the seat cushion is cut out so as to surround the recess of the seat frame. It was reinforced with frame-shaped reinforcing member, cross section springboard-like, the cushion core made of soft urethane foam, characterized in that it wrapped in skin (claim 7). However, the pad body, headrest cushion material, and seat cushion cushion core material are not limited to soft urethane foam, but resin-based foam materials such as synthetic rubber, urethane rubber, and polyethylene may be used. Is natural.

Further, in the backrest and seating portion of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the backrest main body core and the seat frame core are simultaneously formed by integral molding by injection foaming together with the respective recesses and reinforcing members. It is formed (claim 8). Accordingly, each component member has a simple configuration as a whole, and can be integrally formed by injection foaming. Therefore, each component member can be easily manufactured, and the backrest and the seating portion of the welfare chair can be provided at a low cost.

The backrest and the seating part of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the backrest body, the backrest pad, the headrest, the seat cushion, and the outer skin material of the seat frame are breathable and stretchable. Of these, at least the skin material of the seat cushion is formed by antibacterial and water repellent treatment (claim 9). Therefore, the back pad, headrest, seat cushion, and seat frame outer skin material are breathable, and the seat frame and the backrest body recess, and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) ) And the back and lower back, respectively, and the cushion core material, the pad body, and the cushion material are made of soft foam urethane having air permeability, and the ventilation groove of the seat frame and the seat cushion Since the vent part is integrated with the chimney effect to ventilate and the increase in temperature and humidity around the support part is efficiently suppressed, the skin can be kept dry. Moreover, since it has elasticity, it does not generate unnecessary repulsive force in the contact portion, and it is easy to wrap each component.

Moreover, since the outer skin material is antibacterial and water repellent, it is easy to wipe and keep clean. Therefore, even if a pressure ulcer develops at the apex of the spinal column or the lower part of the hip (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum), the skin can be dried and the pressure on the same part is eliminated as described above, so blood circulation is also reduced. Improve and improve symptoms. Even if the area where pressure ulcer develops is not the curved top of the spinal column or the lower part of the heel (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum), the backrest pad and headrest can be detached and repositioned, so avoid the pressure ulcer part. If supported, the same effect can be obtained.

Finally, as a chair retrofit attachment, the backrest and seating part of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are provided (claim 10). Thereby, by adding several parts such as a seat frame support plate and a support plate mounting band, it can be attached to an existing chair as it is as a chair retrofit attachment.

As described above, according to the present invention, a seated person whose spine and pelvis are curved, muscles and fat in the back and hips, or who has already developed pressure sores, can sit comfortably and stably and rest. Backrest and seating part of welfare chair with versatility and economy, which can improve symptoms even if used for a long time, can improve symptoms, and does not impair the operability of the seated person, And the retrofit attachment for chairs can be provided.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a basic embodiment (1) will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view (A) and a front partial sectional view (B) of an embodiment (1) in which the backrest and seating portion of the present invention are applied to a welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair), and FIG. 2 is an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a side view (A) and a front view (B) showing a general configuration of the chair body of the embodiment (1), and FIG. 4 is an upper surface of the seat frame. Drawing (A), AA cross section arrow view (B), BB cross section arrow view (C), FIG. 5 are a top view (A) and AA cross section arrow view (B) of the seat cushion. And FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the spacer, FIG. 7 is a top view of the backrest main body attaching belt, and FIG. 8 is a front view of the backrest main body (A) and AA cross section. Arrow view (B) and BB cross section arrow view (C), FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a backrest pad, FIG. 10 is a head It is a front view of the strike (A) and cross-sectional view (B).

1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair) of the embodiment (1), 2 is a chair body, 3 is a seating portion, 4 is a seat frame, 5 is a seat cushion, 6 is a spacer, 7 Is a back mounting band, 8 is a backrest, 9 is a backrest body, 10 is a backrest pad, and 11 is a headrest.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair) 1 to which the present invention is applied includes a backrest 8, a seating portion 3, a chair body 2, and the like. The backrest 8 has a back and the like on the front surface thereof. A backrest body 9 having a sufficiently large and deep concave portion 9d to be fitted, a backrest pad 10 and a headrest 11, and a backrest pad 10 attached to the lower left and right side portions of the concave portion 9d and attached to the upper portion of the backrest body 9 across the main body. The headrest 11 is detachable and can be repositioned. The seating portion 3 includes a seat frame 4 having a ventilation groove 4e on the upper surface thereof and having a sufficiently large and deep concave portion 4d into which a collar portion is fitted, and a seat cushion 5 having a front portion is thick and a rear portion is thin and has a withdrawal portion 5b. The seat cushion 5 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the seat frame 4. Further, the backrest body 9 has a spacer 6 attached to the lower back of the seat so that it can be freely attached and detached, and the position of the backrest body 9 can be freely changed. The backrest attachment band 7 supports the backrest support plate 2f of the chair body 2, and the seat frame 4 It is attached to 2d so as to be detachable and repositionable, and the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part are adjustable.

As shown in FIG. 3, the chair body 2 includes a base 2a, a drive unit 2b, a lift column 2c, a seat frame support plate 2d, a backrest support plate 2f, and an armrest 2g, but the seat frame support plate 2d and the backrest. The support plate 2f and the armrest 2g are integrally coupled, and the height of the support plate 2f can be freely adjusted by the drive unit 2b. In addition, a magic tape (female) 2e having a sufficient width is integrally provided on the front and rear portions of the upper surface of the seat frame support plate 2d so that the seat frame 4 can be freely moved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the seat frame 4 constituting the seating portion 3 has a sufficiently large and deep concave portion 4 d in which a flange portion is fitted, and has a plate-like bottom surface. A sheet frame core material 4b made of thick hard urethane foam reinforced with a reinforcement material 4a is integrally wrapped with an outer skin 4c (for example, by adhesion), and the sheet frame core material is injected together with the recess and the reinforcement material. It is formed by integral molding by foaming. The outer skin 4c is desirably a material having air permeability and stretchability and subjected to antibacterial and water repellent treatment.

Further, the concave portion 4d is a concave portion having a convex shape, the upper edge of which protrudes toward the rear portion of the seat frame 4, and is a concave portion that sinks down from the upper edge toward the bottom portion. The nodule, the tailbone, and the lower sacrum are fitted together with a part of the seat cushion 5 without contacting the bottom and the periphery of the bottom, and the upper buttocks (iliac and upper sacrum) sandwich the seat cushion, It is a sufficiently large and deep recess that fits into and abuts the upper edge. Although not particularly illustrated, each side of the upper edge of the recess is arced and chamfered in accordance with the upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and upper sacrum) to be fitted. Further, in order to attach the seat cushion 5 to the front and rear portions of the seat frame 4, a magic tape (female) 4g is attached to the front and rear portions of the lower surface to attach the seat cushion 5 to the seat frame support plate 2d. Magic tape (male) 4f is provided integrally. (Note that the present invention is not limited to rigid foamed urethane in terms of material, and the manufacturing method is not limited to integral molding. Of course, cutting or adhesion may be used.)

As shown in FIG. 5, the seat cushion 5 is reinforced with a frame-shaped reinforcing material 5 e cut out so as to surround the recess 4 d of the seat frame 4. The front part is thick and the rear part is thin, and the cross section is a step-like shape. A cushion core material 5a made of soft urethane foam is wrapped with an outer skin 5f, and a magic tape (male) 5h for attaching the seat cushion to the upper surface of the seat frame 4 is integrally provided at the front and rear of the lower surface thereof. ing. In addition, the cushion core material has a cutout portion 5b at substantially the center thereof, and the cutout portion includes a cutout hole 5c penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the cushion core material and a cutout groove 5d continuous with the cutout hole. In the sitting posture, the hole surrounds a polygon formed by connecting the sciatic nodule, the tailbone, and the lower part of the sacrum, and the piercing groove extends from the piercing hole diagonally outward of the core material. The material of the cushion core material 5a is not limited to soft foam urethane, and it is natural that resin-based foam materials such as synthetic rubber, urethane rubber, and polyethylene may be used. By pressing, cutting, and bonding. The outer skin 5f is desirably a material having air permeability and stretchability and subjected to antibacterial and water repellent treatment.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the spacer 6 is made of hard foamed urethane or the like, and a spacer core material 6a having a trapezoidal cross section is integrally wrapped with an outer skin 6b (for example, by adhesion). A magic tape (male) 6 c for attaching to the backrest body 9 is integrally provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the backrest attachment band 7 is integrally formed with magic tape (female) 7b for attaching the backrest body 9 to the back support plate 2f at both ends of the tape 7a.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the backrest main body 9 constituting the backrest 8 has a sufficiently large and deep recess 9d into which the back and the like are fitted, and the back surface is reinforced with a plate-shaped reinforcing material 9a. A backrest body core material 9b made of plate-like hard foam urethane or the like is integrally wrapped (for example, by adhesion) with a skin 9c (not shown), and the backrest body core material is formed by injection foaming together with the recess and the reinforcing material. It is formed by integral molding at the same time. The outer skin 9c is desirably a material having air permeability and stretchability and subjected to antibacterial and water repellent treatment.

The concave portion 9d is a concave portion whose longitudinal and transverse sections are trapezoidal or semi-elliptical, imitating a curved back and waist, and the back and waist are sufficient to fit with a gap. A velcro tape (female) 9e for attaching the backrest pad 10 is integrally provided on the lower left and right sides of the upper part, and a velcro tape (female) 9f for attaching the headrest 11 is integrally provided on both upper outer edges. Yes. In addition, on the upper and lower sides of the backrest body 9, velcro tape (male) 9h corresponding to the backrest attachment band 7 is provided, and velcro tape (female) 9g for attaching the spacer 6 is provided on both lower edges of the back, respectively. Provided integrally. The magic tapes (female) 9e, 9f, and 9g are wide enough to freely change the positions of the spacer 6, the backrest pad 10, and the headrest 11. (Note that the present invention is not limited to rigid foamed urethane in terms of material, and the manufacturing method is not limited to integral molding. Of course, cutting or adhesion may be used.)

As shown in FIG. 9, the backrest pad 10 is formed by integrally wrapping a block-shaped pad main body 10 a made of soft foamed urethane with an outer skin 10 b, and a velcro tape for attaching the backrest main body 9 to the backrest main body 9. Male) 10c is provided integrally. The number of pads is not limited to two, and the number is increased or decreased as necessary. On the other hand, the headrest 11 is formed by wrapping a laminated material 11a composed of a plate-like reinforcing material 11b, a headrest core material 11c made of hard foamed urethane, etc. and a cushion material 11d made of soft foamed urethane, etc., with an outer skin 11e. Further, a magic tape (male) 11f for attaching to the backrest body 9 is integrally provided. The outer skins 10b and 11e are desirably made of a material having air permeability and stretchability and subjected to antibacterial and water repellent treatment.

Next, the embodiment (2) will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view (A) and a front partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment (2) in which the backrest and seating portion of the present invention are applied to an existing standing auxiliary chair, and FIG. 12 is the use of the embodiment (2). FIG. 13 is a side view (A) and a front view (B) showing a general configuration of an existing standing auxiliary chair, and FIG. 14 is a top view (A) and a side view of a seat frame support plate. FIGS. 15 (B) and 15 are top views of the support plate mounting belt.

11 and 12, 21 is a welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair) of the embodiment (2), 22 is a chair body, 22d is a seat, 22f is a backrest, 23 is a seat frame support plate, and 24 is a support plate attached. Band 3, seating section 4, seat frame 5, seat cushion 5, spacer 6, backrest mounting band 8, backrest 9, backrest body 10, backrest pad 11, headrest

As shown in FIG. 11, the welfare chair (standing support chair) 21 according to the embodiment (2) to which the present invention is applied includes a chair body 22 and a chair retrofit attachment. They are the backrest 8 and the seating part 3 itself of (1). Therefore, the backrest body 9 has the spacer 6 sandwiched therebetween, and the attachment band 7 allows the backrest 22f of the chair body 22 and the seat frame 4 to the seat frame support plate 23 by means of the velcro, respectively, and can be freely attached and detached. Therefore, the welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair) 21 has the same configuration as the welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair) of the embodiment (1).

The chair body 22 is formed by integrally attaching a seat frame support plate 23 placed on the upper surface of the seat 22d of the existing standing auxiliary chair 22A shown in FIG. As in the case of the seat frame support plate 2d, the seat frame support plate is integrally provided with a magic tape (female) 23b on the front and rear of the upper surface of the plate 23a, as shown in FIG. The (female) 23b corresponds to the magic tape (male) on the lower surface of the seat frame 4 and has a sufficient width to allow its position to be changed. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the support plate mounting band 24 is integrally formed with a magic tape (female) 24b at one end of a tape 24a and a magic tape (male) 24B at the back of the other end. Therefore, since the backrest 22f functions as the backrest support plate 2f of the embodiment (1), and the seat 22d and the seatframe support plate 23 serve as the seatframe support plate 2d, the chair body 22 is the same as that of the first embodiment. It has a function equivalent to the chair main body 2 of.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the existing standing auxiliary chair 22A includes a base 22a, a drive unit 22b, a lift column 22c, a seat 22d, a backrest 22f, and an armrest 22g. The seat 22d, the backrest 22f, and the armrest 22g are integrated. The height is freely adjustable by the drive unit 22b.

According to the present invention, a seated person who has a curved spine or pelvis, muscles or fat in the back or buttocks, or who has already developed pressure sores can sit comfortably and stably and rest. Backrest and seating part of welfare chair with versatility and economy that does not cause pain or pressure ulcers, can improve symptoms even if used over time, and does not impair the operability of the seated person, and A retrofit attachment for the chair is obtained. These functions and effects will be described below in association with the problems (1) to (5) of the present invention.

First, the problem (1) “a seated person can sit comfortably and stably and rest” and the problem (2) “does not cause pain or pressure sores even if used for a long time” will be described. A seated person with a curved spine, pelvis, muscles and fat in the back and buttocks, and already developing pressure sores, said, “It is comfortable, stable to sit, rest, and pain even after prolonged use. In order not to develop pressure ulcers or pressure ulcers, the chair can properly support the thighs, buttocks, hips, back, neck, and head, according to the physique, body shape and sitting posture of the seated person. At the same time, the skin environment (pressure, temperature, humidity), which is the main cause of pressure ulcers, must be prepared.

In order to protect the curved top of the spinal column and the lower part of the hips (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower part of the sacrum) that are likely to develop pressure ulcers, the present invention provides a lower occipital or posterior part as shown by the shaded part in FIGS. The neck rests on the headrest 11 and the back lower back and / or lumbar back side, or one of them, with the back pad 10, the upper buttocks (iliac, upper sacrum) and thigh, the seat frame 4 and the seat cushion 5 to disperse and reduce the pressure applied to the support site, and to change the position of each component to stop the compression to the same site in a short time. Furthermore, a ventilation layer is formed and ventilated to adjust the temperature and humidity environment around the support site including the curved top of the spinal column and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic nodules, coccyx, lower sacrum).

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is a chair composed of a backrest 8, a seating portion 3, a chair body 2, and the like. The chair body is composed of a base 2a, a seat frame support plate 2d, a backrest support plate 2f, and the like. The backrest 8 includes a backrest main body 9 having a sufficiently large and deep recess 9d into which the back and the like fit, a backrest pad 10 and a headrest 11, and a backrest pad attached to the lower left and right sides of the recess, and a backrest main body. The headrest mounted on the upper side across the main body is freely attachable and detachable, and the seating portion 3 includes a ventilation groove 4e on its upper surface, and has a sufficiently large and deep recess 4d into which the collar portion fits. It comprises a seat frame 4 and a seat cushion 5 having a punched portion 5b having a thick front portion and a thin rear portion and a stepwise cross section, The seat cushion 5 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the seat frame. Further, the backrest body 9 has a spacer 6 attached to the lower back side of the backrest body 9 so as to be detachable and repositionable. The backrest attachment band 7 is used to attach the backrest support plate 2f, and the seat frame 4 is attached to the seat frame support plate 2d. Each tape is detachably attached. Although not particularly illustrated, the backrest pads are not limited to a pair of right and left and two, but may be increased or decreased as necessary, and each upper edge side of the recessed portion 4d of the seat frame is an upper portion of the buttocks (Ibium) It is desirable to draw a light arc and R chamfer etc. according to the upper part of the sacrum.

It should be noted that the backrest main body 9 has a sufficiently wide magic tape (female) 9e, 9f on the lower left and right side portions and the upper outer edge of the backrest main body recess 9d, and the backrest pad 10 and the headrest 11 have a magic tape ( Male) 10c and 11f, respectively, the seat cushion 5 is in front of the lower surface of the seat cushion, the rear portion is sandwiched with the punched portion 5b, the magic tape (male) 5h, and the seat frame 4 is in front of the upper surface of the seat frame. The rear part has a magic tape (female) 4g sandwiching the concave part 4d, and these magic tapes can be attached and detached respectively. Since the magic tapes (female) 9e, 9f are sufficiently wide, the positions of the backrest pad 10 and the headrest 11 can be freely changed.

Further, the backrest body has magic tape (male) 9h on the upper and lower sides of the left and right sides, and a sufficiently wide magic tape (female) 9g on the lower outer edges of the back, and the backrest attachment band 7 has magic tape ( The spacer has a magic tape (male) 6c on its back surface. The seat frame has magic tape (male) 4f in front and rear of the lower surface, and the seat frame support plate has sufficiently wide magic tape (female) 2e in front and rear of the upper surface. Each tape is detachable. In addition, since the magic tapes (female) 2e and 9g are sufficiently wide, the positions of the spacer and the seat frame can be freely changed. Accordingly, the position of the component, the angle of the backrest, and the position of the seating portion can be easily changed in accordance with the physique, the body shape, and the sitting posture.

In such a configuration, the back and waist of the seated person fit into the recess 9d of the backrest body, but the backrest pad 10 has a back lower back side and a back of the waist so that a gap is formed between the back and the waist and the recess. It is sandwiched and brought into contact with the side surface or one of the side surfaces and set on the lower left and right side portions of the recess. The headrest 11 is set across the main body above the backrest main body so as to support the lower back or rear neck of the seated person at rest. In addition, since the concave portion is sufficiently large and deep, the curved top portion of the spinal column, which is likely to develop pressure ulcers by pressure, is fitted with a gap without contacting the concave portion. In addition, the seated person's buttocks fit into the recess 4d of the seat frame across the rear part of the seat cushion placed on the upper surface of the seat frame, and the thigh rests on the front part of the cushion. The upper part of the iliac and sacrum is fitted into the recess 4d of the seat frame with the rear part of the seat cushion interposed therebetween and abuts on the upper edge thereof. Note that the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower part of the sacrum) that is likely to develop pressure ulcers by being pressed is fitted with a gap without contacting the concave part because the concave part 4d is sufficiently large and deep.

Thus, body pressure can be measured by both the lower back side of the back and the back side of the waist that contact the back pad, or one of them, and the upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and upper sacrum) that contact the upper edge of the recess of the seat frame. The pressure is received by the lower surface of the thigh placed on the front part of the seat cushion. Furthermore, when resting, the lower part of the back of the head or the back of the neck that contacts the headrest is also applied to receive pressure.

In addition, these support parts that receive body pressure are flat and receive body pressure in a distributed manner, so the pressure does not increase. Because it is a less susceptible area, it does not cause pain or pressure ulcers. Also, as a matter of course, no pressure is generated at the curved top of the spinal column, the back, waist, and lower buttocks (sciatic nodules, coccyx, lower sacrum) that do not contact the recess. In addition, since the back pad and headrest can be attached and detached and repositioned freely, the mounting position can be changed so that pressure on the same part does not reach for a long time, and the seated person can also freely change its sitting posture be able to. Further, the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part can be easily changed according to the physique, body shape, and sitting posture of the seated person.

In addition, the back and the waist fitted in the recess 9d of the backrest body are supported by the lower back side and / or the back side of the back in contact with the back pad 10, or one of them, and the seat frame The heel part fitted into the concave part 4d is supported by the upper part of the heel part (iliac and sacral upper part) in contact with the upper edge of the concave part, and the thigh part placed on the front part of the seat cushion 5 has its lower surface and both outer sides. Therefore, the seated person is pushed forward and laterally, and is not forced to take an unstable posture that rolls forward, backward, left and right, or shallows, and has a stable sitting posture. can get. In addition, if the lower part of the back of the head or the back of the neck is deposited on the headrest and leans against it, the upper body can be further stabilized and can rest comfortably. In addition, gaps are formed between the back and lower back and the backrest main body recess, and between the lower buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) and the seat frame recess, and further provided with a ventilation groove 4e and the like. Since these are integrated to form a ventilation layer and ventilate, it suppresses the rise in temperature and humidity around the support site including the curved top of the spinal column and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum) be able to. Therefore, the backrest and seating portion according to the present invention can be comfortably and stably seated and rest, and will not cause pain or pressure ulcers even when used for a long time.

Next, issue (3) “Improve symptoms” will be described. In order for a seated person to “improve symptoms”, the chair itself must be able to remove the undesirable body shape and the cause of pressure ulcers and cure the pressure ulcers that have already developed. In other words, the chair does not force the seated person into an unreasonable posture, the pressure on the skin is kept as low as possible, it is stopped in a short time, the skin is kept dry, and the pressure ulcer has already developed. It is important to avoid the site and support the site that is difficult to develop. Therefore, the backrest and seating part can change the position of its constituent parts according to the physique and body shape of the seated person, the sitting posture and the pressure ulcer development site, and can distribute and reduce the pressure on the support part, At the same time, it is important that the temperature and humidity rise around the support portion can be suppressed and wiped off.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following characteristics in addition to the characteristics described in the items (1) and (2). That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the concave portion 9d of the backrest body has a vertical or horizontal cross-section that has a trapezoidal shape or a semi-elliptical shape imitating a bent back and waist, The back and waist supported by the backrest pad 10 so as to be inserted obliquely are sufficient recesses to be fitted with a gap.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the concave portion 4d provided with the ventilation groove 4e on the upper surface of the seat frame has a convex shape protruding toward the rear portion of the seat frame and is narrowed from the outer edge toward the bottom portion. It is a depression that falls, and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) fits together with a part of the seat cushion 5 without contacting the bottom part or the periphery of the bottom part, and the upper part of the hip part (iliac and upper part of the sacrum) Is a recess that is sufficient to fit into and contact the upper edge of the recess, and the seat cushion extraction portion 5b penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the cushion core 5a as shown in FIG. The punched hole 5c is formed of a punched hole 5d continuous with the punched hole. The punched hole 5c is a hole surrounding a polygon formed by connecting the sciatic nodule to the tailbone and the lower sacrum in the sitting posture. A groove extending from the serial vent holes diagonally outwardly of said cardiac member.

In addition, the outer skin material of the backrest body 9, the backrest pad 10, the headrest 11, the seat cushion 5 and the seat frame 4 is breathable and stretchable, and at least the outer skin material of the seat cushion is antibacterial and water repellent. It becomes.

Therefore, the curved top of the spinal column, which is likely to develop pressure ulcer, is supported by the back pad 10 on either or both of the lower back side of the back and the back of the lumbar region without contacting the recess 9d of the back body. Since it is fitted with a gap, it is not pushed by the backrest as in the case shown in FIG. 17, and is not forced to take an undesired posture such as a slip-sitting or receive pressure intensively. In addition, the lower part of the buttocks that is likely to develop pressure ulcers (sciatic nodules, coccyx, lower sacrum) is a cushion core material because the hole 5c of the seat cushion surrounds the polygon formed by connecting the sciatic nodules to the coccyx and the lower sacrum. 5a does not abut, and the outer skin 5f has elasticity, and the punching groove 5d reduces deformation resistance around the punched portion, so that even if the seating position is slightly changed, high pressure is intensively received. There is no.

The recess 9d of the backrest body has a trapezoidal shape or a semi-elliptical shape, imitating a curved back and waist, so that the backrest pad and headrest can be attached to the seated person even if the physique and body shape are different. It is easy to abut on the lower back side of the back and the back side of the waist, and the position can be easily changed. Further, since the recess 4d on the upper surface of the seat frame is a recess that sinks down from the outer edge toward the bottom, even if the physique or body shape is different, it fits and comes into contact with no problem, thus forcing an unreasonable posture to the seated person There is nothing.
In addition, as described above, since the component parts can be freely attached and detached, and the position thereof can be freely changed, the seating posture and the support position can be frequently changed, and the compression to the same part can be stopped in a short time.

In addition, the seat frame and the backrest body recesses 4d and 9d, and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tubercle, tailbone, lower sacrum) and the back and waist that fit into the recesses form a gap, respectively, and the backrest body, The back pad, the headrest, the seat cushion, and the outer material of the seat frame are breathable, and the cushion core material 5a, the pad main body 10a, and the cushion material 11d are made of soft foamed urethane having breathability, and the vent groove 4e. Since the vent part 5b is integrated with the chimney effect to ventilate and the increase in temperature and humidity around the support part is efficiently suppressed, the skin can be kept dry. Moreover, since it has elasticity, it does not generate unnecessary repulsive force in the contact portion, and it is easy to wrap each component. Moreover, since the outer skin material is antibacterial and water repellent, it is easy to wipe and keep clean.

Therefore, even if you develop pressure ulcers at the top of the vertebral fold and the lower part of the hips (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum), the pressure on the same part is eliminated, so blood circulation improves and the skin can also dry. Symptoms can be improved. Even if the area where pressure ulcer develops is not the curved top of the spinal column or the lower part of the heel (sciatic tuberosity, coccyx, lower sacrum), the backrest pad and headrest can be detached and repositioned, so avoid the pressure ulcer part. If supported, the same effect can be obtained. Therefore, the backrest and seating portion according to the present invention can avoid the cause of undesirable body shape and pressure ulcer, and can improve the symptoms of the seated person.

Next, issue (4) “Does not impair the operability of the seated person” will be described. In order not to impair the operability of the seated person, it is important not to use unnecessary restraint so that the seated person can freely change the posture. In the present invention, since the curved back fits into the recess 9d of the backrest body, the back is pushed forward by the backrest, the internal organs are not compressed, and the back muscles can be stretched. Moreover, since the backrest pad 10 supports the lower back side of the back and the back side of the waist from an oblique direction, the arms and shoulders are not restrained, and the degree of freedom of the upper body is high. Further, the hole 5c of the seat cushion 5 is a hole surrounding a polygon formed by connecting the sciatic nodule, the tailbone, and the lower part of the sacrum, so that the lower part of the buttocks (the sciatic nodule, the tailbone, the lower part of the sacrum) is in contact with the cushion core material 5a. In addition, the outer skin 5f has elasticity, and the extraction groove 5d reduces the deformation resistance around the extraction part of the cushion core material, so even if the seating position is slightly changed, the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tuberosity, tailbone, lower sacrum) Intensive pressure is not generated in this area, and the position of the buttocks can be freely changed. Therefore, the backrest and the seating portion according to the present invention do not impair the operability of the seated person.

Finally, issue (5) “Providing versatility and economy” will be described. In order to “provide versatility and economy”, the backrest and seating section can be applied to existing chairs, can be applied to various physiques, body shapes, and sitting postures, and must be durable and inexpensive. It is important. For that purpose, it is important that the backrest angle, the position of the seating part, and the mounting position of each part can be easily changed, can be mounted on an existing chair as it is, and replacement of worn parts is easy. Also, it is important that the component structure is simple and can be manufactured at low cost.

In the present invention, as described above, each component can be freely attached and detached, and the position thereof can be freely changed. It can be easily changed according to body shape and sitting posture. Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, by adding several parts such as a seat frame support plate 23 and a support plate mounting band 24, it can be attached to an existing chair as it is as a retrofit attachment for the chair. Further, since the headrest 11, the backrest pad 10, and the seat cushion 5 that are relatively easily worn are detachable, if they are replaced, they can be used for a long time as a whole, and durability can be obtained. Each component has a simple structure (for example, the backrest main body 9 has a thick plate-like backrest made of hard foamed urethane or the like having a concave portion 9d on the front surface, the back surface of which is reinforced with a plate-shaped reinforcing material 9a. Although the main body core 9b is integrally wrapped with the outer skin 9c, the backrest main body core can be formed simultaneously with the concave portion and the reinforcing material by integral molding by injection foaming), and can be manufactured at low cost. Therefore, the backrest and the seating portion according to the present invention have versatility and economy.

Side cross-sectional view (A) and front partial cross-sectional view (B) of embodiment (1) in which the backrest and seating portion of the present invention are applied to a standing auxiliary chair The perspective view which shows the usage type of embodiment (1) Side view (A) and front view (B) showing general configuration of chair body of embodiment (1) Top view of seat frame (A), AA cross section arrow view (B) and BB cross section arrow view (C) Top view of seat cushion (A) and AA cross section arrow view (B) and BB cross section arrow view (C) Perspective view of spacer Top view of the backrest mounting belt Front view of backrest body (A) and AA cross section arrow view (B) and BB cross section arrow view (C) Perspective view of the back pad Front view (A) and cross-sectional view (B) of the headrest Side cross-sectional view (A) and front partial cross-sectional view (B) of embodiment (2) in which the backrest and seating portion of the present invention are applied to an existing standing auxiliary chair The perspective view which shows the usage condition of embodiment (2) Side view (A) and front view (B) showing the general configuration of an existing standing chair Top view (A) and side view (B) of seat frame support plate Top view of support plate mounting belt The figure which shows the site | part of the body which the backrest and seating part of this invention support The perspective view which shows the usage form of the existing standing auxiliary chair Front view of pelvis Illustration showing undesirable sitting The perspective view of the seat cushion used for the seat part of the wheelchair disclosed by patent document 1. FIG. The exploded view of the left half of the seat cushion shown in FIG. The principal part perspective view of the sitting position holding cushion disclosed by patent document 2. FIG. Sectional view of cushion material disclosed in Patent Document 3 The perspective view of the cushion sheet provided on the seat chair disclosed by patent document 4. FIG. Explanatory drawing of the seat cushion disclosed by patent document 5. FIG. The perspective view which shows the structure of the wound prevention mat | matte disclosed by patent document 6. FIG. The perspective view of the seat part system disclosed by patent document 7. FIG. The block diagram in connection with embodiment of the cushion for chairs disclosed by patent document 8. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair)
2 Chair body 2a Base 2b Drive unit 2c Lift column 2d Seat frame support plate 2e Magic tape (female)
2f Backrest support plate 2g Armrest 3 Seat part 4 Seat frame 4a Reinforcement material 4b Seat frame core 4c Outer skin 4d Recess 4e Ventilation groove 4f Magic tape (male)
4g Velcro (female)
5 Seat Cushion 5a Cushion Core Material 5b Extraction Part 5c Extraction Hole 5d Extraction Groove 5e Reinforcing Material 5f Outer Skin 5g Space 5h Magic Tape (Male)
6 Spacer 6a Spacer core 6b Outer skin 6c Magic tape (male)
7 Backrest mounting band 7a Tape 7b Magic tape (female)
8 Backrest 9 Backrest body 9a Reinforcing material 9b Backrest body core 9c Outer skin 9d Recess 9e Magic tape (female)
9f Magic tape (female)
9g Velcro (female)
9h Magic tape (male)
10 Backrest pad 10a Pad body 10b Outer skin 10c Magic tape (male)
11 Headrest 11a Laminated material 11b Reinforcement material 11c Headrest core material 11d Cushion material 11e Outer skin 11f Magic tape (male)
21 Welfare chair (stand-up auxiliary chair)
22 Chair Main Body 22A Existing Standing Auxiliary Chair 22a Base 22b Drive 22c Lift Column 22d Seat 22f Backrest 22g Armrest 23 Seat Frame Support Plate 23a Plate 23b Magic Tape (Female)
24 Support plate mounting band 24a Tape 24b Magic tape (male, female)

Claims (10)

In a chair consisting of a backrest, a seating part and a chair body,
The backrest is composed of a backrest body having a sufficiently large and deep recessed portion into which the back and the like fit into the front surface, a backrest pad and a headrest, and a backrest pad attached to the lower left and right side portions of the recessed portion, and the backrest body crossing the main body above the backrest body. The headrest attached can be freely attached and detached, and the position of the headrest can be freely changed, and the seating part is provided with a ventilation groove on the upper surface thereof, a seat frame having a sufficiently large and deep recess into which a collar part fits, and a front part having a thick rear part. The seat back includes a seat cushion having a pull-out portion, and the seat cushion is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the seat frame. The backrest body has a spacer that is detachably attached and can be repositioned under the back of the back, and the seat frame is attached to the backrest support plate, and the seat frame is detachably attached to the seat frame support plate, the angle of the backrest and the seating portion. 2. The backrest and seating part of the welfare chair according to claim 1, wherein the position of the welfare chair can be changed. The recess of the backrest body has a trapezoidal shape or a semi-elliptical shape, imitating a curved back and waist, and the lower back side and the back side of the back are inserted diagonally with a backrest pad. The back and hips supported by the seat are concave enough to fit in with a gap, and the concave on the upper surface of the seat frame, which is provided with a ventilation groove, has a convex shape protruding toward the rear of the seat frame. , A recess that sinks down from the outer edge toward the bottom, and the lower part of the buttocks (sciatic tubercle, coccyx, lower part of the sacrum) fits together with a part of the seat cushion without contacting the bottom or the bottom, and The upper part of the buttocks (the iliac and the upper part of the sacrum) sandwiches the seat cushion and is a concave part sufficient to fit into and contact the upper edge of the concave part. The punched hole is a hole that surrounds a polygon formed by connecting the sciatic nodule to the tailbone and the lower part of the sacrum in the sitting posture. The backrest and the seating part of the welfare chair according to claim 1, wherein the groove extends outwardly diagonally from the core. The backrest main body has magic tape (female) on the lower left and right side portions and the upper outer edges of the concave portion of the backrest main body, and the backrest pad and the headrest have magic tape (male) on the back surface thereof, and the seat cushion. Has a magic tape (male) with the punched portion sandwiched in front and rear of the lower surface of the seat cushion, and the seat frame has a magic tape (female) sandwiched with the concave portion in front and rear of the upper surface of the seat frame. The backrest and the seating part of the welfare chair according to claim 1 and 3, wherein the velcro is detachable with the velcro tape. ("Magic tape" used above and below is a trademark) In the backrest main body, the magic tape (female) attached to the lower left and right side portions of the backrest main body recess and the upper outer edges is sufficiently wide, and the position of the backrest pad and the headrest can be freely changed. The backrest and seating part of the welfare chairs as described in 3 and 4. The backrest body has magic tape (male) on the upper and lower sides of the left and right sides, and a wide enough magic tape (female) on the lower outer edges of the back. The backrest mounting band has magic tape (female) on both ends of the one side. Thus, the spacer has a magic tape (male) on its back surface. The seat frame has a magic tape (male) in front and rear of its lower surface, and the seat frame support plate has a sufficiently wide magic tape (female) in front and rear of its upper surface. The velcro tape (female) is wide enough so that the position of the spacer and the seat frame can be changed freely, so that the angle of the backrest and the position of the seating part can be changed. The backrest and seating part of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 5 In the above-mentioned backrest, the backrest main body is integrally wrapped with a thick plate-shaped backrest main body core made of hard foam urethane whose back surface is reinforced with a plate-shaped reinforcing material, and the backrest pad is soft foamed urethane, etc. A block-shaped pad body made of wrapping with a hull, and the headrest wraps with a hull a laminated material composed of a plate-shaped reinforcing material, a headrest core made of hard foamed urethane, etc., and a cushioning material made of soft foamed urethane, etc. In the seating portion, the seat frame is formed by integrally wrapping the bottom of the seat frame core material made of a thick plate-like hard foam urethane reinforced with a plate-like reinforcing material with an outer skin, and the seat cushion is The bottom is reinforced with a frame-shaped reinforcement cut out so as to surround the recess of the seat frame. , The backrest and the seating portion of the Welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 6 cushion core made of soft urethane foam, characterized in that it wrapped in skin. 8. The backrest main body and the seat frame, wherein the backrest main body core and the seat frame core material are simultaneously formed by integral molding by injection foaming together with the respective concave portions and the reinforcing material. Back and seat of the welfare chair The outer back material of the backrest body, the backrest pad, the headrest, the seat cushion, and the seat frame has air permeability and stretchability, and at least the outer material of the seat cushion is antibacterial and water repellent. The backrest and seating part of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 8 A back attachment for a chair comprising the backrest and seating portion of the welfare chair according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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