KR20240025765A - Information device including recognizable traffic information in autonomous driving - Google Patents
Information device including recognizable traffic information in autonomous driving Download PDFInfo
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- KR20240025765A KR20240025765A KR1020220103792A KR20220103792A KR20240025765A KR 20240025765 A KR20240025765 A KR 20240025765A KR 1020220103792 A KR1020220103792 A KR 1020220103792A KR 20220103792 A KR20220103792 A KR 20220103792A KR 20240025765 A KR20240025765 A KR 20240025765A
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- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0116—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from roadside infrastructure, e.g. beacons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
- B60W40/02—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to ambient conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W60/00—Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
- B60W60/001—Planning or execution of driving tasks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
- B60W2420/40—Photo, light or radio wave sensitive means, e.g. infrared sensors
- B60W2420/408—Radar; Laser, e.g. lidar
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2555/00—Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
- B60W2555/60—Traffic rules, e.g. speed limits or right of way
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 자율주행에 있어, 자율주행 차의 인지장치가 인지단계에서; 인지 가능한 적어도 한개 이상의 정보장치를 마련하여, 인지에 정확성을 더하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention relates to autonomous driving, where the recognition device of the autonomous vehicle is used at the recognition stage; It is characterized by adding accuracy to recognition by providing at least one information device capable of recognition.
Description
종래 운전자 또는 승객의 조작 없이 자동차 스스로 운행이 가능한 다양한 형태의 자율주행 자동차가 있다.There are various types of self-driving cars that can operate on their own without any intervention from conventional drivers or passengers.
자율 주행 자동차의 기본적인 원리는 인지, 판단, 제어의 3단계를 거치게 된다.The basic principles of self-driving cars go through three stages: perception, judgment, and control.
인지단계는 자율 주행 자동차의 가장 핵심적인 기술로, 인지단계에서 주변 상황을 빠르게 파악해야 적절한 판단을 내릴 수 있다.The cognitive stage is the most core technology of self-driving cars. In the cognitive stage, you must quickly understand the surrounding situation to make an appropriate decision.
인지단계에서 파악하는 주행 정보는 주변의 차와 안전거리, 현재 주행하는 차선 읽기, 커브 구간 및 직선 구간 구분하기, 전방에 돌방 상황 및 사람 감지하기 등이 있다.Driving information obtained at the cognitive stage includes safe distance from surrounding cars, reading the currently driving lane, distinguishing between curved and straight sections, and detecting unexpected situations and people ahead.
인지단계에서는 현재 사용 중인 GPS정보가 아닌 보다 확실하고 오차가 적은 정밀한 GPS 정보를 필요로 한다.The recognition stage requires more accurate and precise GPS information with fewer errors than the GPS information currently in use.
인지단계의 인지장치에, 공지된 기술로 라이더(LIDAR:light detection and ranging)와 레이더(radio detection and ranging)가 있다.In the cognitive stage, known technologies include LIDAR (light detection and ranging) and radar (radio detection and ranging).
라이더는, 초당 수백만개에 달하는 레이저빔을 지속적으로 발사하고, 레이저 광선이 센서에 되돌아오는 시간을 계산해 거리를 측정한다. 센서에 따라 다르지만 보통 60m 이내의 물체와 사람들을 인지할 수 있다. 라이더는 보통 자동차 지붕 부분에 설치하는데 360도 시야각을 제공한다. 자동차와 물체 또는 사람간에 정확한 거리 정보를 실시간으로 준다.Lidar continuously fires millions of laser beams per second and measures the distance by calculating the time it takes for the laser beam to return to the sensor. It varies depending on the sensor, but it can usually recognize objects and people within 60m. Lidar is usually installed on the roof of a car and provides a 360-degree viewing angle. It provides accurate distance information between cars and objects or people in real time.
레이더는, 빛이나 소리대신 전파를 사용한다. 200m 정도 떨어진 곳의 물체를 인지하고 추적할 수 있다. 악천후에도 비교적 잘 작동하고 가격도 무난하다. 레이더는 단순히 위치를 인지하는데 그치지 않고 물체를 추적하는 것이 가능하다. 자동차의 속도와 이동 방향을 확인할 수 있다. 하지만 라이더처럼 세세한 정보를 주지는 못한다. Radar uses radio waves instead of light or sound. It can recognize and track objects from about 200m away. It works relatively well even in bad weather and is reasonably priced. Radar is capable of not only recognizing location but also tracking objects. You can check the speed and direction of movement of the car. However, it cannot provide detailed information like Rider.
라이더와 레이더는 배타적이기 보다는 상호보완적이다.Lidar and Radar are complementary rather than exclusive.
판단단계는 인지단계에서의 정보를 바탕으로 주행 전략을 결정하는 단계이다.The judgment stage is the stage where a driving strategy is decided based on the information from the recognition stage.
인지단계와 판단단계의 기술이 얼마나 잘 조화를 이루냐에 따라 자율주행의 완성도가 좌우된다고 할 수 있다.It can be said that the completeness of autonomous driving depends on how well the cognitive and judgment stage technologies are harmonized.
마지막으로 제어단계는 엔진 구동 및 주행 방향 등을 결정하여 본격적으로 주행을 시작하게 된다.Lastly, the control stage determines engine operation and driving direction to begin driving in earnest.
인지단계가 감각기관을 통해 사물들을 파악한 후, 판단단계는 뇌를 통한 사고과정, 제어단계는 직접 움직이는 팔과 다리에 비유될 수 있다.After the cognitive stage grasps objects through sense organs, the judgment stage can be compared to a thinking process through the brain, and the control stage can be compared to directly moving arms and legs.
그러나, 종래의 자율주행은, 인지단계에서; GPS의 모든 정보를 정확히 마련되기 어렵고, 인지장치가 주변을 정확히 인지하기에 기술적 한계가 있었다.However, conventional autonomous driving, at the cognitive stage; It was difficult to obtain all GPS information accurately, and there were technical limitations in the recognition device's ability to accurately recognize the surroundings.
따라서, 본 발명의 자율주행에 있어 인지가능한 교통정보를 포함하는 정보장치는; 상기 문제를 해결하고자 하는 것으로; 자율주행에 있어, 인지단계에서 인지장치가, 인지 가능한, 적어도 한개 이상의 정보장치를 마련하여 인지에 정확성을 더하는 것을 특징으로 한다.Therefore, the information device containing perceivable traffic information for autonomous driving of the present invention includes; In order to solve the above problem; In autonomous driving, in the recognition stage, the recognition device is characterized by providing at least one information device that can recognize, thereby adding accuracy to recognition.
상기 인지장치는, 라이더와 레이더를 포함한; 자율주행 차가 인지 가능한 장치일 수 있다.The cognitive device includes lidar and radar; A self-driving car may be a cognitive device.
본 발명의 자율주행에 있어, 인지가능한 교통정보를 포함하는 정보장치는, 교통정보를 포함한 정보장치는; 자율주행 차의 인지창치가, 인지단계에서, 인지 가능한 교통정보를 가지는 것을 특징으로 한다.In autonomous driving of the present invention, an information device including recognizable traffic information includes: an information device including traffic information; The recognition system of an autonomous vehicle is characterized by having perceivable traffic information in the recognition stage.
도 1은, 본 발명의 실시에 일례로 사시도이다.1 is a perspective view of an example of an implementation of the present invention.
본 발명의 자율주행에 있어 인지가능한 교통정보를 포함하는 정보장치의 정보장치는, 자율주행에 있어; 자율주행 차가 인지 가능한 장치로, 다양한 교통정보를 포함할 수 있다.The information device of the present invention includes perceivable traffic information in autonomous driving; It is a device that can recognize self-driving cars and can contain various traffic information.
상기 정보장치의 일례로 바코드(bar code)를 예로 할 수 있다.An example of the information device may be a bar code.
상기 정보장치는, 일례로, 30km 속도제한, 50km 속도제한, 30m 전방에 횡단보도 있음, 50m 전방에 횡단보도 있음, 비보호우회전구간 등과 같은 다수의 교통정보를 포함할 수 있다.The information device may include a number of traffic information, such as, for example, a 30km speed limit, a 50km speed limit, a crosswalk 30m ahead, a crosswalk 50m ahead, an unprotected right turn section, etc.
또한, 상기 정보장치는 다수개로 구성될 수 있다.Additionally, the information device may be composed of multiple devices.
일례로, 상기 정보장치는 30km 속도제한, 50km 속도제한, 30m 전방에 횡단보도 있음, 50m 전방에 횡단보도 있음, 비보호우회전구간 등과 같은 다수의 교통정보 중 하나를 가질 수 있다.For example, the information device may have one of a number of traffic information such as a 30km speed limit, a 50km speed limit, a crosswalk 30m ahead, a crosswalk 50m ahead, an unprotected right turn section, etc.
따라서, 상기 정보장치는, 다수 상기 정보장치의 조합으로 다수의 교통정보를 구성할 수 있다.Accordingly, the information device can configure a large number of traffic information by combining multiple information devices.
자율주행에 있어, 주행이 가능한 길에; 자율주행 차가 인지 가능한, 적어도 한개 이상의 정보장치만 마련해도; 자율주행 차가 상기 정보장치를 사물 인지하며 정확히 자율주행이 가능할 수 있다.In autonomous driving, on a road that can be driven; Even if a self-driving car has at least one information device that can recognize it; A self-driving car may be able to accurately drive autonomously by recognizing the information device as an object.
사막이건 어디건, 적어도 한개 이상의 정보장치만 마련되어 있다면, 어디든 자율주행이 가능할 수 있다.Whether in the desert or anywhere else, autonomous driving can be possible anywhere as long as at least one information device is provided.
자율주행에 있어, 종래의 인지장치에, 적어도 한개 이상의 정보장치를 인지하는 기술만 부가해도; 자율주행 차가, 인지단계에서 상기 정보장치를 인지하며, 정확히 사물인지하며, 정확한 자율주행이 가능할 것으로 보인다.In autonomous driving, simply adding technology to recognize at least one information device to a conventional recognition device; It appears that self-driving cars will be able to recognize the above information devices in the recognition stage, accurately recognize objects, and enable accurate autonomous driving.
자율주행에 있어, 상기 정보장치는, 자율주행 차가, 인지 가능한 장치로 거리에 고정될 수 있다.In autonomous driving, the information device may be stationary on the street as a recognizable device for the self-driving car.
또한, 상기 정보장치는, 자율주행 차가, 인지 가능한 입간판의 형태로 거리에 고정될 수 있다.Additionally, the information device may be fixed to the street in the form of a signboard that is recognizable to the autonomous vehicle.
또한, 상기 정보장치는, 부착 가능한 장치로, 바람직하게는, 자율주행 차의 인지장치가; 인지 가능한 적어도 한개 이상의 스티커 형태일 수 있으며, 상기 스티커는 광학 스티커 형태일 수 있다.Additionally, the information device is an attachable device, preferably a recognition device for an autonomous vehicle; It may be in the form of at least one recognizable sticker, and the sticker may be in the form of an optical sticker.
자율주행에 있어, 자율주행 차의 인지장치가, 인지단계에서; 길에 마련된 교통정보를 포함한, 적어도 한개 이상의, 정보장치를 인지하는 기능을 더 가지고, 자율주행하도록 할 수 있다.In autonomous driving, the cognitive device of the self-driving car, at the cognitive stage; It can further have the function of recognizing at least one information device, including traffic information provided on the road, and enable autonomous driving.
도심의 길에 가로등은 보통 30m 간격으로 있다.Street lights on city streets are usually spaced at 30m intervals.
길의, 가로등 등의 구조물에; 단일 또는 다수의 교통정보를 포함한, 적어도 한개 이상의 스티커 형태를 부착할 수 있다.On structures such as roads and streetlights; At least one sticker containing single or multiple traffic information can be attached.
또한, 자율주행에 있어, 자율주행 차는, 인지단계에서 인지장치로; 적어도 한개 이상의 스티커 형태의 교통정보를 인지하며, 자율주행이 가능하도록 할 수 있다.Additionally, in autonomous driving, the self-driving car moves from the cognitive stage to the cognitive device; It can recognize traffic information in the form of at least one sticker and enable autonomous driving.
도심의 길이 지그재그도 30m쯤은 직선코스다.Even the zigzag streets of the city center are straight for about 30m.
지그재그 길에 30m 간격으로 스티커 형태만 마련해도 정확한 자율주행이 가능할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.It appears that accurate autonomous driving could be possible simply by providing stickers at 30m intervals on a zigzag road.
100; 자율주행 차, 200: 길, 300: 정보장치100; Self-driving car, 200: road, 300: information device
Claims (5)
In autonomous driving, an information device containing recognizable traffic information in autonomous driving, characterized in that a recognizable information device is provided at the recognition stage of the autonomous vehicle.
The information device of claim 1, wherein the information device includes traffic information that can be recognized in autonomous driving.
An information device containing perceivable traffic information in autonomous driving according to claim 2, wherein the information device is a device that can be fixed on the road.
The information device of claim 2, wherein the information device is a signboard that can be fixed on the road, and includes perceivable traffic information in autonomous driving.
The information device of claim 2, wherein the information device is a device that can be attached to a road structure, and includes perceivable traffic information in autonomous driving.
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