KR20240016008A - Thermochemical Distributed Heat Storage using low pressure and low temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

The present specification includes a shell containing a chemical heat storage material and a tube that supplies heat to the shell or externally supplies heat from the shell while a heat exchange medium circulates, and in a heat storage mode, the shell is depressurized so that the chemical heat storage material is converted into a reactant. A reactor that accumulates heat while being separated from the reactor, generates heat as the reactants supplied to the shell and the chemical heat storage material combine in a heat radiation mode, and supplies heat to a heat exchange medium circulating through the tube; In the heat storage mode, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat from a second fluid moving from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe of the heat network and moves the heated heat exchange medium to the reactor; A reactant supply device containing a reactant and supplying the reactant to the shell through a first fluid in a heat dissipation mode; In the heat dissipation mode, a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat from the heat exchange medium supplied from the reactor to a second fluid moving from the heat source side to the demand side through the heat supply pipe; and a vacuum pump that, in a heat storage mode, exhausts the first fluid and reactants from the shell using electric power to depressurize the shell.

Description

Thermochemical Distributed Heat Storage using low pressure and low temperature}

The present invention relates to a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device for a heat network.

A typical heat network operator uses a 10,000 to 20,000 ton ultra-large centralized sensible heat contraction tank (a heat storage device that stores and releases sensible heat using water as a medium) for storing surplus heat and controlling network pressure according to the operation of power generation facilities and according to the outside air temperature. We have tens to hundreds of Gcal/h peak load boilers to respond to fluctuating additional demand. A typical heat network operator operates heat-constrained cogeneration power plants or additionally operates peak load boilers to produce heat to respond to high peak heat demand at specific times, which leads to problems of increased costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Heat storage devices are used to minimize this, but existing centralized sensible heat contraction heat or phase change-based heat storage can cause problems with low heat storage density (space) and continuous heat loss (time).

In addition, although the Korean government and foreign governments are setting goals for energy conversion and carbon neutrality through the activation of distributed energy, there is no need for heat storage devices for distributed energy sources, which are essential for balanced use of surplus energy due to changes in new and renewable energy. Appropriate technology development is insufficient.

These embodiments can provide a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device that uses electric power during heat storage to convert it into vacuum energy and uses it for heat storage, and to support this, it is used in parallel with the water return heat of the heat network.

In addition, the present embodiments can provide a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device that intermittently stores heat using surplus power due to renewable energy fluctuations and has no energy loss or minimizes energy loss during the heat storage period.

In addition, the present embodiments can provide a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device that assists the heat supply network by dissipating heat at peak heat load, improves economic efficiency by minimizing peak load boiler operation of the heat source, and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions.

In one aspect, a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to an embodiment includes a shell containing a chemical heat storage material and a tube through which a heat exchange medium circulates to supply heat to the shell or to supply heat from the shell to the outside. In the heat storage mode, the shell is depressurized and the chemical heat storage material is separated from the reactant to store heat, and in the heat dissipation mode, the reactant supplied to the shell and the chemical heat storage material combine to generate heat, supplying heat to the heat exchange medium circulating through the tube. reactor; In the heat storage mode, a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat from a second fluid moving from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe of the heat network and moves the heated heat exchange medium to the reactor; A reactant supply device containing a reactant and supplying the reactant to the shell through a first fluid in a heat dissipation mode; In the heat dissipation mode, a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat from the heat exchange medium supplied from the reactor to a second fluid moving from the heat source side to the demand side through the heat supply pipe; and a vacuum pump that, in a heat storage mode, exhausts the first fluid and reactants from the shell using electric power to depressurize the shell.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to the present embodiments uses electric power during heat storage to convert it into vacuum energy and uses it for heat storage, and can be used in parallel with the heat return of the heat network to assist this.

In addition, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to the present embodiments can intermittently store heat using surplus power due to renewable energy fluctuations and have no energy loss or minimize energy loss during the heat storage period.

In addition, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to the present embodiments can assist the heat supply network by dissipating heat during peak heat load, improve economic efficiency and minimize greenhouse gas emissions by minimizing peak load boiler operation of the heat source.

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a heat network based on a distributed chemical heat storage system.
Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the appearance of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a block diagram of a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to an embodiment.
Figure 5 is a block diagram of a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to another embodiment.
Figure 6 is an operational state diagram of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 5 operating in heat storage mode.
Figure 7 is an operation state diagram of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 5 operating in heat dissipation mode.
Figure 8 is an energy state diagram comparing the lowest temperature at which the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 5 achieves maximum heat storage performance according to the degree of vacuum inside the shell in heat storage mode.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail through illustrative drawings. When adding reference numerals to components in each drawing, it should be noted that identical components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are shown in different drawings. Additionally, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

Additionally, when describing the components of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the nature, sequence, or order of the component is not limited by the term. When a component is described as being “connected,” “coupled,” or “connected” to another component, that component may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but there is another component between each component. It will be understood that elements may be “connected,” “combined,” or “connected.”

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a heat network based on a distributed chemical heat storage system. Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the appearance of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 1.

Referring to FIG. 1, the distributed chemical heat storage system-based heat network 100 is a central heat storage device 110 and a distributed chemical heat storage located between the central heat storage device 110 and the demand side 120. Includes device 130.

The distributed chemical heat storage system-based heat network 100 includes a heat production station 140 that produces heat using a heat source and supplies the heat primarily to the central heat storage device 110 through a heat transport pipe (piping). , It may include a network pump 150 that moves fluid from the central heat storage device 110 to the demand side 120 and the distributed chemical heat storage device 130.

The distributed chemical heat storage system-based heat network 100 distributes and stores heat in the distributed chemical heat storage device 130 separately from the central heat storage device 110, and then stores the heat in the distributed chemical heat storage device 130 when necessary. Since heat is supplied to the demand side 120 using , the central heat storage device 100 does not need to be an ultra-large centralized sensible heat contraction tank of 10,000 to 20,000 tons as described above.

The demand side 120 may be a consumer who ultimately consumes heat, for example, a large apartment complex or a factory facility.

The distributed chemical heat storage device 130 may be a heat storage device of hundreds of tons or tens of tons as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The distributed chemical heat storage device 130 may be deployed and operated in various forms in close proximity to the demand side 120.

The distributed chemical heat storage device 130 includes a chemical heat storage material (A) or a chemical heat storage material. When the chemical heat storage material (A) receives heat from the outside in a state (AB) combined with the reactant (B), it desorbs or separates from the reactant (B) as shown in Scheme 1, and the separated form is defined as the heat storage state. .

[Scheme 1]

AB+column->A+B

In the distributed chemical heat storage device 130, the heat storage mode is defined as a state in which heat is stored in a state in which the chemical potential increases as the reactant (B) is separated from the chemical heat storage material (A) through endotherm.

[Scheme 2]

A+B->AB+column

In the distributed chemical heat storage device 130, the heat dissipation mode is used so that when the chemical heat storage material (A) receives the reactant (B), it adsorbs or combines with the reactant (B) as shown in Scheme 2 and releases heat as the chemical potential is lowered. Defined as a state.

As described above, the distributed chemical heat storage device 130 uses a method in which the chemical potential changes due to the separation (heat storage) and combination (heat dissipation) of the two materials (A, B), so if the combination is blocked after heat storage, Since there is no heat loss for a long period of time and the bond-separation energy of molecules is used, it can have a higher heat storage density compared to other methods such as sensible heat.

In addition, since there is no heat loss and a method of arbitrarily controlling the reaction is used, the distributed chemical heat storage device 130 divides the chemical heat storage material (A) into two or more blocks and operates as a heat battery through partial control of these blocks. (Thermal battery) can also be implemented.

Since the distributed chemical heat storage device 130 requires reaction control when using heat, it is necessary to select an appropriate chemical heat storage material (A) or chemical heat storage material suitable for the heat storage and heat dissipation temperature. For example, the chemical heat storage material (A) may be MgO, CaO, MgSO ₄ , CaSO ₄ , SrBr ₂ , Silica gel, Zeolite, AlPo, SAPO, etc., but is not limited thereto. In addition, the reactant (B) is a material that can be reversibly separated from and combined with the chemical heat storage material (A) at heat storage and heat dissipation temperatures, such as water (H ₂ O), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and hydrogen (H ₂ ). , oxygen (O ₂ ), etc., but is not limited thereto.

The distributed chemical heat storage device 130 according to the present embodiments may be a distributed chemical heat storage device disclosed in Patent Application No. 2021-0109874 previously filed by the present inventors, and will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7 below. It may be a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device (200, 300) that can store chemical heat at a lower temperature and lower pressure than the distributed chemical heat storage device disclosed in Patent Application No. 2021-0109874.

The distributed chemical heat storage device 130 according to the above-described embodiments can have high heat storage density and no/low loss characteristics after heat storage by using the chemical heat storage material (A) and reactant (B) described above. there is. In addition, the distributed chemical heat storage device 130 according to the present embodiments has the characteristics of a heat pump and can be decentralized by distributing the storage space in the heat network.

Hereinafter, specific configurations of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage devices 200 and 300 will be exemplarily described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 through various embodiments.

Figure 4 is a block diagram of a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 4, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 200 according to an embodiment includes a reactor 210, a first heat exchanger 220, a reactant supplier 230, and a second heat exchanger 240. , including a vacuum pump (280).

The reactor 210 is a tube that includes a shell 212 containing a chemical heat storage material (A) and a heat exchange medium, and supplies heat to the shell 212 through the heat exchange medium or supplies heat to the outside from the shell 212. Includes (214).

The reactor 210 accumulates heat by separating the chemical heat storage material (A) from the reactant (B) when the pressure inside the shell 212 is reduced in the heat storage mode, and the reactant (B) supplied to the shell 212 and the chemical heat storage material (A) are separated from the reactant (B) in the heat storage mode. As the heat storage material (A) combines, it generates heat and supplies heat to the heat exchange medium circulating inside the tube 214. As described above with reference to FIG. 1, when the chemical heat storage material (A) receives heat from the outside in a state (AB) combined with the reactant (B), it desorbs or separates from the reactant (B) as shown in Scheme 1, producing heat. It is a substance that accumulates. In addition, when the chemical heat storage material (A) receives the reactant (B), it can release heat while adsorbing or combining with the reactant (B) as shown in Scheme 2.

The chemical heat storage material (A) may be MgO, CaO, MgSO ₄ , CaSO ₄ , SrBr ₂ , Silica gel, Zeolite, AlPo, SAPO, etc., but is not limited thereto. In addition, the reactant (B) is a material that can be reversibly separated from and combined with the chemical heat storage material (A) at heat storage and heat dissipation temperatures, such as water (H ₂ O), CO ₂ , hydrogen (H ₂ ), oxygen ( O ₂ ), etc., but is not limited thereto.

In the heat storage mode, the first heat exchanger 220 exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium from the second fluid moving from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe 270, and moves the heat exchange medium, whose temperature has been raised through the heat exchange, to the reactor 210. . For example, the second fluid and heat exchange medium may be water, steam, or thermal oil, but are not limited thereto.

The second fluid, which moves to the demand side through the heat supply pipe 250 and whose temperature is lowered after heat use, can be recovered to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe 270. The heat supply pipe 250 and the heat recovery pipe 270 are wiring or pipes through which the second fluid circulates and may include various components necessary for the flow of the second fluid. The heat supply pipe 250 and the heat recovery pipe 270 include various components, such as valves, that control the flow of the second fluid to supply heat to the reactor 210 or to receive heat from the reactor 210. can do.

The reactant supplier 230 contains reactants and supplies the reactants to the shell through the first fluid in heat dissipation mode. The first fluid may be air and the reactant (B) may be water, but is not limited thereto.

The reactant supplier 230 may be a humidifier that evaporates water, which is the reactant (B), and supplies moisture or saturated water vapor through the first fluid. That is, the humidifier 230 can move the first fluid, including evaporated moisture or saturated water vapor, to the shell 212 of the reactor 210 by passing the first fluid while containing water.

In the heat dissipation mode, the second heat exchanger 240 exchanges heat from the heat exchange medium supplied from the reactor 210 to the second fluid moving from the heat source side to the demand side through the heat supply pipe 250.

The vacuum pump 280, in heat storage mode, can depressurize the shell by exhausting the first fluid and reactants from the shell using electric power. The vacuum pump 280 uses surplus power to exhaust the first fluid to depressurize the shell 212, and the reactor 210 stores heat by separating the chemical heat storage material (A) from the reactant (B) and exhausting it. You can.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 200 according to an embodiment may further include a first valve 252, a second valve 254, and a third valve 256.

In the heat storage mode, the first valve 252 bypasses the second fluid moving from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe 270 and supplies heat to the heat exchange medium through the first heat exchanger 220. In the heat dissipation mode, the second valve 254 supplies heat from the second heat exchanger 240 to the heat exchange medium by bypassing the second fluid moving from the heat source side to the demand side through the heat supply pipe 250. Third The valve 256 opens a path for moving the first fluid and the reactants (B) from the reactor 210 to the vacuum pump 280 in heat storage mode, or circulates the first fluid in the heat dissipation mode to remove the reactants (B). The path is changed to enter the reactor 210 including the reactant (B) from the feeder 230. In the heat storage mode, when the first fluid and the reactant (B) are removed from the inside of the shell 212 by the vacuum pump 280, the first fluid and the reactant (B) are transferred from the reactant supply 230 to the shells of the reactor 210. To block movement to (212), another valve is placed between the reactant supply 230 and the shells 212, an opening and closing device of the reactant supply 230 is additionally included, or the reactant supply 230 is in heat storage mode. Reactants can be temporarily removed or moved to another location.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 200 according to another embodiment transfers the second fluid through the first valve 252 and the second valve 254 to the first heat exchanger 220 and the second heat exchanger ( 240), so heat exchange between the second fluid and the heat exchange medium can be controlled.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 200 according to an embodiment may further include an intake and exhaust mechanism 260 used to intake and exhaust the first fluid to the outside or a vacuum pump.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 200 according to the present embodiment described above can convert power into vacuum energy using the vacuum pump 280 in heat storage mode and use it for heat storage in the reactor 210. In addition, during heat storage, the heat recovery from the heat recovery pipe 270 is supplied to the reactor 210 as a heat exchange medium through the first heat exchanger 220 so that heat storage using the vacuum energy of the reactor 210 can be achieved more quickly. It can be used to help.

In addition, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 200 according to the present embodiment dissipates heat by supplying the reactant (B) to the reactor 130 at the peak heat load, thereby increasing the temperature of the second fluid near the demand source and dissipating it from the heat supply network in cold weather. It can supplement insufficient heat energy.

Figure 5 is a block diagram of a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device according to another embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5, a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment includes a reactor 210, a first heat exchanger 220, a reactant supply 230, and the reactor 210 described with reference to FIG. 4. It includes a reactor 310, a first heat exchanger 320, a reactant supplier 330, and a second heat exchanger 340 that are substantially the same as the second heat exchanger 240. The low-temperature and low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment includes a first valve, a second valve to a third valve 252, 254, and 256, a heat supply pipe 250, and a heat supply pipe 250, which are described with reference to FIG. It includes a first valve, a second to a third valve (352, 354, 356), a heat supply pipe (350), and a heat recovery pipe (370) that are substantially the same as the heat recovery pipe (270).

The shell 312 of the reactor 310 may divide the chemical heat storage material (A) into two or more blocks and implement a thermal battery through partial control of these blocks. For example, the shell 312 of the reactor 310 may include two or more shells 312a and 312b. In Figure 5, two or more shells 312a and 312b are shown as being arranged in parallel, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The heat exchange medium may branch from the first heat exchanger 320 in a heat storage mode to exchange heat with the shells 312a and 312b, and may branch and move from the reactant supplier 330 to the shells 312a and 312b in a heat dissipation mode.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 according to an embodiment arranges two or more shells 312a and 312b in series, parallel, or series-parallel, and operates in various modes using flow path change structures such as pipes and valves. Accordingly, all or part of the two or more shells 312a and 312b are selectively stored or dissipated, so that a thermal battery package can be implemented.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment may include an intake port 364, an exhaust port 362, and an intake port 360 including a third heat exchanger 366.

In the heat storage mode, the third heat exchanger 366 cools the first fluid and the reactant (B) discharged from the shells 312a and 312b by the vacuum pump 380 by heat exchange with external air to exhaust only the first fluid and the reactant (B). (B) is condensed and recovered to minimize loss of reactant (B) and prevent damage to the vacuum pump (380). The intake port 364 serves to intake external air for cooling the exhaust into the third heat exchanger 366. The exhaust port 362 serves to exhaust the first fluid and the reactant (B) from the shells 312a and 312b of the reactor 310 to the outside through the third heat exchanger 366.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment causes the first fluid to move from the reactant supply 330 to the shells 312a and 312b of the reactor 310 in heat dissipation mode, and operates in heat storage mode. In, when the first fluid and the reactant (B) are removed from the inside of the shells (312a, 312b) by the vacuum pump 380, the first fluid and the reactant (B) are transferred from the reactant supply 330 to the shells of the reactor 310. It may further include a fourth valve 358 that blocks movement to (312a, 312b).

Hereinafter, operating states in which the chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment described with reference to FIG. 5 operates in various operation modes will be described. The chemical heat storage device 200 according to the above-described embodiment with reference to FIG. 4 has substantially the same configuration as the chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment, and therefore can generate chemical heat according to other embodiments in various operation modes. It represents the same operating states as those of the storage device 300.

Figure 6 is an operational state diagram of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 5 operating in heat storage mode. Figure 7 is an operation state diagram of the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 5 operating in heat dissipation mode.

Referring to FIG. 6, in the heat storage mode, the shell 312 of the reactor 310 receives heat from the heat exchange medium of the tube 314 and stores heat while the chemical heat storage material (A) is separated from the reactant (B).

Specifically, in the heat storage mode, the first valve 352 bypasses the second fluid moving through the hydrothermal pipe 370 and supplies it to the first heat exchanger 320. The first heat exchanger 320 exchanges heat from the second fluid moving through the hydrothermal pipe 370 to the heat exchange medium of the tube 214, and supplies the heat exchange medium whose temperature has been raised to the shell 312.

When the fourth valve 358 is closed and the vacuum pump 380 uses electric power to depressurize the shell 312, the reactant (B) bound to the chemical heat storage material (A) is separated and removed, thereby reducing the pressure in the low pressure state. Heat can be stored. To help with faster heat storage, at the same time, the shell 312 of the reactor 310 receives heat from the second fluid of the heat recovery pipe 370 returning from the demand side to the heat source side through the first heat exchanger 320. The heat exchange medium is a tube. While circulating through the shell 312 of the reactor 310 through 214, the chemical heat storage material (A) helps the reactant (B) to be separated more quickly, allowing heat storage at a low temperature.

If there was no vacuum pump 380, the shell 312 of the reactor 310 must separate the chemical heat storage material (A) from the reactants (B) only in a high temperature state as shown in FIG. 8. However, since the vacuum pump 380 depressurizes the shell 312 of the reactor 310, heat storage is possible even at low temperatures.

Conversely, if the shell 312 of the reactor 310 does not receive heat from the heat exchange medium of the tube 214 that passed through the first heat exchanger 320, the vacuum pump 380 must reduce the pressure relatively further to create a high vacuum. . However, since recovery heat is provided to the shell 312 of the reactor 310 through the first heat exchanger 320, heat storage can be performed under low pressure (low vacuum).

The first fluid and the reactant (B) removed from the shell 312 are removed to the exhaust port 362 by the vacuum pump 380, and at this time, the first fluid and the reactant (B) introduced from the outside through the intake port 364 in the third heat exchanger 366 By exchanging heat with cold air, only the first fluid is finally exhausted and the reactant (B) is recovered to minimize the loss of the reactant (B) and prevent damage to the vacuum pump. Referring to FIG. 7, the reactor 310 in heat dissipation mode The shell 312 generates heat as the chemical heat storage material (A) combines with the reactant (B) to supply heat to the heat exchange medium.

In the heat dissipation mode, the reactant supplier 330 contains the reactant (B) through circulation of the first fluid and supplies it to the shell 312 of the reactor 310. The shell 312 of the reactor 310 generates heat while combining with the reactant (B) supplied to the chemical heat storage material (A), raising the temperature of the heat exchange medium, and transferring the raised heat exchange medium to the second heat exchanger (340). supply.

In the heat dissipation mode, the second valve 354 diverts the second fluid from the heat supply pipe 350 and supplies it to the second heat exchanger 340.

The second heat exchanger 340 exchanges heat from the heat exchange medium of the shell 314 to the second fluid moving through the heat supply pipe 350.

In the heat dissipation mode, the first fluid circulates to the reactant supplier 330 and the reactor 310, and the chemical heat storage material (A) inside the shell 312 of the reactor 310 is supplied by the reactant supplier 330. Heat is radiated while combining with the reactant (B), and the radiated heat is transferred to the second fluid moving through the heat supply pipe 350 through the second heat exchanger 340.

As described above, when the shell 312 includes two or more shells 312a and 312b, the heat exchange medium branches and moves from the first heat exchanger 320 to all or some of the reactors depending on the mode, and the first fluid is All or some of the reactors branch out and move from the reactant feeder 330.

Figure 8 is an energy state diagram comparing the lowest temperature at which the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device of Figure 5 achieves maximum heat storage performance according to the degree of vacuum inside the shell in heat storage mode.

As shown in Figure 8, the chemical heat storage material (A) is silica gel, the reactant (B) is water (H ₂ O), the first fluid is air, and the second fluid is water (H ₂ O). Regarding the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 according to another embodiment, in the case of depressurizing the shell 312 with the vacuum pump 380 and storing heat and in the case of storing heat without depressurizing, the first heat exchanger 320 The heat flow was measured when the recovered heat was reused and stored for heat storage and when heat was stored without reuse.

Referring to FIG. 8, if there was no vacuum pump 380, the shell 312 of the reactor 310 would only store the chemical heat storage material (A) at a high temperature at normal pressure (760 torr), for example, 99.8 degrees, and reactant (B). ), so a high-temperature heat source is required for heat storage. However, if the vacuum pump 380 makes the shell 312 of the reactor 310 at a low pressure (e.g. 40 torr), heat storage with the same performance is possible even at a low temperature of 44.2°C, so a low temperature heat source can be used. The recovery temperature of the heat network can be further lowered, improving the efficiency of the heat source, and power fluctuations due to the expansion of new and renewable energy supply can be effectively absorbed using heat storage.

As described above, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 stores heat in the shell 312 of the reactor 210 in the heat storage mode. Heat storage mode can be operated in high-speed heat storage mode and low-speed heat storage mode depending on the amount of surplus energy due to changes in new and renewable energy.

In the high-speed heat storage mode, the heat exchange medium contacts all of the shells 212a and 212b from the first heat exchanger 220, and the vacuum pump 380 depressurizes all of the shells 212a and 212b. That is, in the high-speed heat storage mode, heat is stored at high speed using all of the shells 212a and 212b, thereby contributing to power system stability by using a large amount of surplus power.

In the low-speed heat storage mode, the heat exchange medium contacts all of the shells 212a and 212b from the first heat exchanger 220, and the vacuum pump 380 can depressurize all of the shells 212a and 212b. That is, in the low-speed heat storage mode, heat storage is performed at a low rate using only a portion of the shells 212a and 212b (for example, 212a), so that even a small amount of surplus power is used.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device 300 can operate in a high-demand heat dissipation mode and a low-demand heat dissipation mode by adjusting the heat dissipation amount according to the heat usage of the demand source.

The case where the reactor 210 includes shells 212a and 212b has been described as an example, but it may include three or more shells. The heat storage mode can be operated in various stages depending on the amount of surplus power, or the heat dissipation mode can be operated in various stages depending on the heat consumption of the consumer.

For example, if there are 10 shells, the heat storage or heat dissipation mode can be divided into 10 stages and one shell can be used for each stage. If divided into five stages, two shells can be used for each stage.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage devices (200, 300) according to the present embodiments use electric power during heat storage to convert it into vacuum energy and use it for heat storage, and can be used in parallel with the heat return of the heat network to assist this. You can.

In addition, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage devices (200, 300) according to the present embodiments intermittently store heat with surplus power due to renewable energy fluctuations, and can have no energy loss or minimize energy loss during the heat storage period. there is.

In addition, the low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage devices 200 and 300 according to the present embodiments assist the heat supply network by dissipating heat during peak heat load, improve economic efficiency by minimizing peak load boiler operation of heat sources, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It can be minimized.

The low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage devices 200 and 300 according to embodiments have been described with reference to the above drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the above, even though all the components constituting the embodiment of the present invention have been described as being combined or operated in combination, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this embodiment. That is, as long as it is within the scope of the purpose of the present invention, all of the components may be operated by selectively combining one or more of them. In addition, although all of the components may be implemented as a single independent hardware, a program module in which some or all of the components are selectively combined to perform some or all of the functions of one or more pieces of hardware. It may also be implemented as a computer program with . The codes and code segments that make up the computer program can be easily deduced by a person skilled in the art of the present invention. Such a computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and read and executed by a computer, thereby implementing embodiments of the present invention. Storage media for computer programs may include magnetic recording media, optical recording media, and the like.

The above description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical idea of the present invention, and various modifications and variations will be possible to those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but are for illustrative purposes, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted in accordance with the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be construed as being included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

Claims (10)

A shell containing a chemical heat storage material and a heat exchange medium circulate while supplying heat to the shell or a tube supplying heat from the shell to the outside, and in a heat storage mode, the shell is depressurized so that the chemical heat storage material is converted into a reactant. a reactor that accumulates heat while being separated from the reactor, generates heat as the reactant supplied to the shell and the chemical heat storage material combine in the heat radiation mode, and supplies heat to a heat exchange medium circulating in the tube;
In the heat storage mode, a first heat exchanger that transfers the heat exchange medium, the temperature of which is raised by exchanging heat with a second fluid moving from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe of the heat network, to the reactor;
a reactant supplier containing the reactant and supplying the reactant to the shell through a first fluid in the heat dissipation mode;
In the heat dissipation mode, a second heat exchanger that exchanges heat from the heat exchange medium supplied from the reactor to the second fluid moving from the heat source side to the demand side through a heat supply pipe; and
In the heat storage mode, a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device comprising a vacuum pump that exhausts the first fluid and the reactant from the shell using electric power to depressurize the shell. According to paragraph 1,
In the heat storage mode, the vacuum pump exhausts the first fluid and the reactants using surplus power to depressurize the shell, and the reactor is a low-temperature, low-pressure dispersion device that stores heat while separating the chemical heat storage material from the reactants. type chemical heat storage device. According to paragraph 2,
In the heat storage mode, a first valve that bypasses the second fluid moving from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe and supplies it to the first heat exchanger;
In the heat dissipation mode, a second valve that bypasses the second fluid moving from the heat source side to the demand side through the heat supply pipe and supplies it to the second heat exchanger; and
In the heat storage mode, the first fluid and the reactant are discharged from the reactor to the vacuum pump, or in the heat dissipation mode, the first fluid is bypassed and circulated to the reactant supply, further comprising a third valve. Low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device. According to paragraph 3,
The chemical heat storage material is at least one of MgO, CaO, MgSO ₄ , CaSO ₄ , SrBr ₂ , Silica gel, Zeolite, AlPo, and SAPO, and the reactant is water (H ₂ O), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and hydrogen ( A low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device that is at least one of H ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₂ ). According to paragraph 3,
The reactant is water (H ₂ O) and the first fluid is air, a low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device. According to paragraph 1,
The reactor includes two or more shells,
The heat exchange medium branches off from the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with the shells, and branches off from the reactant supplier and moves to the shells. According to clause 6,
In the heat storage mode, a third heat exchanger for exchanging heat from the first fluid and the reactant discharged from the shell by the vacuum pump to external air;
an intake port through which the outside air is sucked into the third heat exchanger; and
A low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device further comprising an exhaust port through which the first fluid is discharged from the reactor to the outside through the third heat exchanger. In clause 7,
In the heat dissipation mode, the first fluid moves from the reactant supplier to the reactor, and in the heat storage mode, it further includes a fourth valve that blocks the first fluid from moving from the reactant supplier to the reactor. A low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device. According to clause 6,
The heat storage mode is divided into high-speed heat storage mode and low-speed heat storage mode,
In the high-speed heat storage mode, all of the shells are depressurized, and heat is exchanged from the heat exchange medium supplied from the shells through the first heat exchanger to the second fluid used from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe,
In the low-speed heat storage mode, some of the shells are depressurized and heat is exchanged from the heat exchange medium supplied from the shells through the first heat exchanger to the second fluid used from the demand side to the heat source side through the heat recovery pipe, at a low temperature. Low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device. According to clause 8,
The heating mode is divided into a high demand heating mode and a low demand heating mode,
In the high demand heating mode, the first fluid passes through all of the shells from the reactant supply, and moves from the heat source side to the demand side through the heat supply pipe from the heat exchange medium to which heat is supplied from the shells through the second heat exchanger. Heat exchange with the second fluid,
In the low demand heating mode, the first fluid passes through some of the shells from the reactant supplier, and heat is supplied from some of the shells through the second heat exchanger from the heat source side through the heat supply pipe from the heat exchange medium. A low-temperature, low-pressure distributed chemical heat storage device that exchanges heat with the second fluid moving to the demand side.

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