KR20230131929A - 잡초의 방제 방법 - Google Patents
잡초의 방제 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20230131929A KR20230131929A KR1020237027940A KR20237027940A KR20230131929A KR 20230131929 A KR20230131929 A KR 20230131929A KR 1020237027940 A KR1020237027940 A KR 1020237027940A KR 20237027940 A KR20237027940 A KR 20237027940A KR 20230131929 A KR20230131929 A KR 20230131929A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- pyroxasulfone
- methyl
- acid
- columnar crystals
- oil
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
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- ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N trifloxystrobin Chemical compound CO\N=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZHZOGYUMMIAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifludimoxazin Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=S)N(C)C(=O)N1C(C(=C1)F)=CC2=C1OC(F)(F)C(=O)N2CC#C AZHZOGYUMMIAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflumuron Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OCC(F)(F)F)=NC(N(C)C)=N1 IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triforine Chemical compound O=CNC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1CCN(C(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1 RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac-ethyl Chemical group O=C1CC(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRHFWOJROOQKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyltin;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NRHFWOJROOQKBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritosulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=NC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBHVHTPMRCXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyclopyrazoflor Chemical compound N1=C(Cl)C(N(C(=O)CCSCCC(F)(F)F)CC)=CN1C1=CC=CN=C1 DBHVHTPMRCXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N validamycin Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N vamidothion Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)SCCSP(=O)(OC)OC LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylylcarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
피록사술폰을 토양 처리하는 경우에 있어서, 보다 효과적으로 잡초를 방제하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다. 점토 함량이 15% 미만이며 또한 모래 함량이 65% 이상인 조성(組成)에 의해 이루어지는 토양에 주상(柱狀) 결정의 피록사술폰을 처리하는 잡초 방제 방법 등이다.
Description
본 발명은, 피록사술폰의 주상(柱狀) 결정을 사용하여 잡초를 방제(防除)하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 더욱 상세하게는, 상기 형상의 결정의 피록사술폰을, 특정한 토성을 가지는 토양에 시용(施用)함으로써, 고도의 제초 효과가 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 잡초의 방제 방법에 관한 것이다.
피록사술폰은 공지의 제초 활성 성분이며(특허문헌 1), 일본을 포함한 많은 나라에서 판매되고 있고, 돌피, 바랭이, 강아지풀, 새모아풀, 존슨 그래스, 쥐꼬리뚝새풀, 쥐보리(이탈리안라이그래스), 단단한 호밀풀(롤리움 리지둠), 메귀리, 개피, 야생 귀리 등의 벼과 잡초를 비롯하여, 비름과 잡초나, 명아자여뀌, 흰명아주, 별꽃, 어저귀, 공단풀, 세스바니아(Sesbania exaltata), 돼지풀, 나팔꽃, 갈퀴덩쿨, 큰개불알풀, 눈개불알풀, 광대나물, 제비꽃 등의 광엽(廣葉) 잡초, 향부자, 기름골, 파대가리, 금방동사니, 참방동사니 등의 다년성 및 1년생 사초과 잡초에 높은 제초 효과를 나타내고, 또한 광범위한 제초 스펙트럼을 가지는 것이 알려져 있다(비특허문헌 1).
일반적으로, 토양 처리는, 밭으로 되어 있는 땅에서 유효한 제초제의 처리 방법의 하나이며, 장기간에 걸쳐 유해 생물의 방제를 기대할 수 있으나, 밭으로 되어 있는 땅에 대한 처리 후의 환경 상황에서 제초 효과가 변동한다. 예를 들면, 토양종이나, 제초제 처리 후의 강우량은, 제초 효과를 변동시키는 요인이며, 토양종과 강우량의 조합에 따라서는, 제초 효과를 저하시키는 경우가 있다.
한편, 피록사술폰은, 상이한 제조 방법에 의해, 주상과 침상(針狀)의 상이한 특징을 가지는 분말 X선 회절 스펙트럼을 나타내는 결정이 얻어진다. 또한, 이 결정의 형상의 상위에 따라, 상이한 수화성이나 재분산성 등을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다(특허문헌 2).
그러나, 피록사술폰의 결정의 형상의 상위에 따른 제초 효과의 차이는 알려져 있지 않았다.
Yoshihiro Yamaji, Hisashi Honda, Masanori Kobayashi, Ryo Hanai, Jun Inoue저, 「Weed Control efficacy of a novel herbicide, pyroxasulfone」, 2014, Volume 39, Issues 3, Pages 165-169
본 발명의 목적은, 피록사술폰을 토양 처리하는 경우에 있어서, 보다 효과적으로 잡초를 방제하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.
본 발명자는, 예의(銳意) 연구한 결과, 특정한 조성에 의해 이루어지는 토양에 주상 결정의 피록사술폰을 토양 처리함으로써, 상기 과제를 해결할 수 있는 것을 발견하고, 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.
본 발명의 실시 태양은, 하기와 같다.
[1] 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을, 점토 함량이 15% 미만이며 또한 모래 함량이 65% 이상인 토양에 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 잡초의 방제 방법.
[2] 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체 또는 슬러리를 미분쇄하는 공정을 거쳐 얻어진 농약 제제를, 점토 함량이 15% 미만이며 또한 모래 함량이 65% 이상인 토양에 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 잡초의 방제 방법.
[3] 상기 농약 제제가, 수화제, 과립 수화제, 수성 현탁제 또는 유성 현탁제인, 상기 2에 기재된 방법.
[4] 상기 토양으로의 처리 후 7일간의 강우량의 누적이 15mm 이상인, 상기 1∼3 중 어느 하나에 기재된 방법.
본 발명에 의하면, 소정의 조건 하에서의 피록사술폰의 토양 처리로, 더욱 높은 제초 효과를 제공하는 것이 가능하게 된다.
본 발명에서 사용되는 피록사술폰(pyroxasulfone)에 대하여, 상기 명칭은 ISO명(국제 표준화 기구에 의한 일반명)이며, 그 화학명은 3-[5-(디플루오로메톡시)-1-메틸-3-(트리플루오로메틸)피라졸-4-일메틸술포닐]-4,5-디하이드로-5,5-디메틸-1,2-옥사졸이다.
피록사술폰의 결정의 형상으로서는, 침상 결정과 주상 결정의 2종류가 알려져 있고, 각각의 제조 방법도 포함하여, 특허문헌 2에 개시되어 있다. 여기서, 결정의 형상이 주상이라는 것은, 관찰 대상의 결정의 정투영도에 내접하는 직사각형을 가상했을 때, 상기 직사각형의 단변(短邊)과 장변(長邊)의 길이의 비가 1:1∼1:10, 바람직하게는 1:1∼1:5인 결정인 것을 일컫는다. 또한, 결정의 형상이 침상이라는 것은, 상기 직사각형의 장변의 길이가 단변의 길이의 10배를 초과하는 결정인 것을 일컫는다. 피록사술폰의 결정의 형상은, 광학현미경이나 전자현미경 등의 수단을 사용하여 관찰할 수 있고, 그 관찰 방법은 특별히 한정되지 않는다. 본 발명에서 사용하는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정에는, 침상 결정이 혼재하고 있어도 되지만, 그 10개를 무작위로 관찰했을 때, 8개 이상의 결정의 형상이 주상인 것이 바람직하다.
본 발명에 사용하는피록사술폰의 주상 결정은, 예를 들면, 농축법, 빈용매첨가법, 증기확산법(싯팅(sitting) 드롭법, 행잉(hanging) 드롭법, 샌드위치 드롭법을 포함함), 배치법(오일 배치법을 포함함), 투석법, 액액 확산법(카운터 디퓨전법), 냉각법, 압력법, 용융급랭법(멜트켄치법), 온도 사이클링법, 슬러리 교반법, 초음파법 등의 공지의 결정화기술 등의 방법에 의해 얻을 수 있다. 하나의 바람직한 태양으로서, 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 얻는 방법은, 농축법, 즉 유기용제를 주성분으로 하는 용매와 피록사술폰을 용질로서 포함하여 구성되는 피록사술폰의 용액으로 유기용제를 증류제거해서 피록사술폰을 석출시키는 방법을 포함한다. 별도의 바람직한 태양으로서, 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 얻는 방법은, 빈용매첨가법, 즉 유기용제를 주성분으로 하는 용매와 피록사술폰을 용질로서 포함하여 구성되는 피록사술폰의 용액에 피록사술폰의 빈용매를 첨가하여 피록사술폰을 석출시키는 방법을 포함한다.
증류제거란, 용매를 구성하는 유기용제의 일부 또는 전부를, 휘발 또는 비등(沸騰)시킴으로써 증발시켜서, 용액으로 제거하는 것을 일컫는다. 피록사술폰의 용액을 구성하는 유기용제를 증류제거하면, 용액이 농축되어, 과포화 상태로 되어, 용매에 대하여 과잉이 된 피록사술폰이 결정으로서 석출한다. 증류제거는 상압(常壓)에서 실시해도 되고, 필요에 따라 감압 또는 가압하여 실시해도 된다. 또한, 증류제거는 실온에서 실시해도 되고, 필요에 따라 계(系)를 가열 또는 냉각하여 실시해도 된다.
또한, 빈용매란, 용질을 용해하는 능력이 낮은 용매를 일컫는다. 피록사술폰의 용액을 구성하는 용매에 빈용매를 첨가하면, 빈용매의 양이 증가하는 것에 따라서 피록사술폰의 용해도가 저하되고, 과포화 상태로 되어, 용매에 대하여 과잉이 된 피록사술폰이 결정으로서 석출한다. 빈용매의 첨가는 실온에서 실시해도 되고, 필요에 따라계를 가열 또는 냉각하여 실시해도 된다.
상기 어느 태양에 있어서도, 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 얻는 방법에는, 모든 유기용제가 임의로 사용할 수 있다고는 할 수 없으며, 유기용제의 선택은 극히 중요하게 된다. 유기용제의 선택을 잘못하면, 원하는 분말 X선회절 스펙트럼에 인정되는 특징적인 패턴을 가지는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정은, 얻을 수 없다.
유기용제를 증류제거하여 본 발명의 피록사술폰을 석출시키는 태양에 있어서, 사용할 수 있는 유기용제로서는, 적어도 이하를 포함한다: 방향족 탄화수소 유도체류(예를 들면, 벤젠, 톨루엔, 크실렌, 클로로벤젠, 디클로로벤젠, 트리클로로 벤젠, 니트로벤젠 등), 할로겐화 지방족 탄화 수소류(예를 들면, 디클로로메탄, 테트라클로로에틸렌 등), 알코올류(예를 들면, 메탄올, 에탄올, 이소프로판올, 부탄올, tert-부탄올 등), 니트릴류(예를 들면, 아세토니트릴, 프로피오니트릴 등), 카르복시산류(포름산, 아세트산, 프로피온산, 부티르산 등), 카르복시산 에스테르류(예를 들면, 아세트산 메틸, 아세트산 에틸, 아세트산 프로필, 아세트산 이소프로필, 아세트산 부틸 및 그의 이성체, 아세트산 펜틸 및 그의 이성체 등), 에테르류(예를 들면, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 2-메틸테트라하이드로퓨란, 1,4-디옥산, 디이소프로필에테르, 디부틸에테르, 디-tert-부틸에테르, 시클로펜틸메틸에테르, 메틸-tert-부틸에테르, 1,2-디메톡시에탄, 디글라임(diglyme) 등), 케톤류(예를 들면, 메틸이소프로필케톤, 메틸이소부틸케톤 등), 아미드류(예를 들면, N,N-디메틸포름아미드, N,N-디메틸아세트아미드 등), 우레아류(예를 들면, N,N'-디메틸이미다졸리디논, 테트라메틸 요소 등), 술폭시드류(예를 들면, 디에틸술폭시드 등), 술폰류(예를 들면, 술포란 등), 및 임의의 비율의 이들이 임의의 조합. 특히, 니트릴류, 카르복시산류, 카르복시산 에스테르류, 케톤류, 아미드류 및 디할로겐화 지방족탄화 수소류.
상기한 것 중, 바람직한 유기용제로서는, 이하를 포함하는: C2-C5알칸니트릴, C1-C4카르복시산, C1-C4알킬C1-C4카르복실레이트, C1-C4알킬C1-C4알킬케톤, N,N-디(C1-C4알킬)C1-C4알칸아미드, C1-C4디할로알칸. 특히, 아세토니트릴, 아세트산, 아세트산 에틸, 메틸이소부틸케톤, N,N-디메틸포름아미드, N,N-디메틸아세트아미드 및 디클로로메탄.
상기 태양에 있어서, 피록사술폰의 용액을 구성하는 용매는, 물을 더 포함하는 함수(含水) 용매라도 된다. 다만, 함수 용매에서의 피록사술폰의 용해도를 충분히 높게 하는 관점에서, 유기용제를 주성분으로서 포함하는 것이 바람직하다. 그리고, 본 명세서 중에 있어서, 어떤 성분을 주성분으로서 포함한다는 것은, 논의의 대상으로 하는 조성물을 구성하는 각 성분의 용량의 총계 중 상기 성분의 용량이 3분의 1 이상을 차지하는 것을 의미한다.
상기한 것 중, 바람직한 용매로서는, 이하를 포함한다: C1-C4알코올/C2-C5알칸니트릴 혼합 용매, 함수 C2-C5알칸니트릴, C1-C4카르복시산, C1-C4알킬C1-C4카르복실레이트, N,N-디(C1-C4알킬)C1-C4알칸아미드 및 C1-C4디할로알칸/C1-C4알코올 혼합 용매. 특히, 아세토니트릴/메탄올 혼합 용매, 함수 아세토니트릴, 아세트산, 아세트산 에틸, 메틸이소부틸케톤, N,N-디메틸포름아미드, N,N-디메틸아세트아미드 및 디클로로메탄/에탄올 혼합 용매.
한편, 상기한 것 중, 1종 단독으로 사용하는 것을 피해야 할 유기용제로서는, 이하를 포함한다: 클로로포름, 디메틸술폭시드, 1,4-디옥산, 2-메틸테트라하이드로퓨란, N-메틸피롤리돈, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 트리플루오로 에탄올 및 이황화 탄소. 다만, 이들 유기용제를 다른 유기용제와 조합하여 사용하는 태양이나, 이들 유기용제와 물을 포함하는 함수 용매의 태양도 배제하는 것은 아니다.
빈용매를 첨가하여 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 석출시키는 태양에 있어서, 사용할 수 있는 유기용제로서는, 적어도 이하를 포함한다: 방향족 탄화수소 유도체류(예를 들면, 벤젠, 톨루엔, 크실렌, 클로로벤젠, 디클로로벤젠, 트리클로로벤젠, 니트로벤젠 등), 할로겐화 지방족 탄화수소류(예를 들면, 디클로로메탄, 테트라클로로에틸렌 등), 알코올류(예를 들면, 메탄올, 에탄올, 이소프로판올, 부탄올, tert-부탄올 등), 니트릴류(예를 들면, 아세토니트릴, 프로피오니트릴 등), 카르복시산류(포름산, 아세트산, 프로피온산, 부티르산 등), 카르복시산 에스테르류(예를 들면, 아세트산 메틸, 아세트산 에틸, 아세트산 프로필, 아세트산 이소프로필, 아세트산 부틸 및 그의 이성체, 아세트산 펜틸 및 그의 이성체 등), 에테르류(예를 들면, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 1,4-디옥산, 디이소프로필에테르, 디부틸에테르, 디-tert-부틸에테르, 시클로펜틸메틸에테르, 메틸-tert-부틸 에테르, 1,2-디메톡시에탄, 디글라임(diglyme) 등), 케톤류(예를 들면, 아세톤, 메틸에틸케톤, 메틸이소프로필케톤, 메틸이소부틸케톤 등), 아미드류(예를 들면, N,N-디메틸포름아미드, N,N-디메틸아세트아미드, N-메틸피롤리돈 등), 우레아류(예를 들면, N,N'-디메틸이미다졸리디논, 테트라메틸 요소 등), 술폭시드류(예를 들면, 디메틸술폭시드, 디에틸술폭시드 등), 술폰류(예를 들면, 술포란 등), 및 임의의 비율의 이들의 임의의 조합. 특히, 니트릴류, 케톤류 및 카르복시산 에스테르류.
상기한 것 중, 바람직한 유기용제로서는, 이하를 포함한다: C2-C5알칸니트릴 및 C1-C4알킬C1-C4카르복실레이트. 특히, 아세토니트릴, 아세톤 및 아세트산 에틸.
상기 태양에 있어서, 피록사술폰의 용액을 구성하는 용매는, 물을 더욱 포함하는 함수 용매라도 된다. 다만, 함수 용매에서의 피록사술폰의 용해도를 충분히 높게 하는 관점에서, 유기용제를 주성분으로서 포함하는 것이 바람직하다.
상기 태양에 있어서, 사용되는 빈용매는, 20℃에서의 피록사술폰의 용해도가 50g/L 이하인 용매를 일컬으며, 적어도 이하를 포함한다: 에테르류(디에틸에테르, 메틸tert-부틸에테르, 아니솔, 2-메틸테트라하이드로퓨란 등), 카르복시산 에스테르류(아세트산 이소프로필 등), 케톤류(메틸이소부틸케톤 등), 지방족 탄화수소류(시클로헥산, 헵탄 등), 알코올류(메탄올, 에탄올, 프로판올, 이소프로판올, 부탄올, 이소부탄올, tert-부탄올 등), 방향족 탄화수소 유도체류(톨루엔, 크실렌 등) 및 물. 특히, 알코올류.
상기한 빈용매는, 피록사술폰의 용액을 구성하는 용매와 상용(相容)하는 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, C1-C4알코올류가 바람직하고, 에탄올 또는 이소프로판올이 더욱 바람직하고, 에탄올이 특히 바람직하다.
피록사술폰의 용액을 구성하는 용매와 빈용매의 조합 중, 특히 바람직한 것으로서는, 이하를 포함한다: 아세토니트릴과 에탄올, 아세톤과 에탄올, 아세트산 에틸과 에탄올.
상기한 어느 경우도, 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 얻는 데 있어서, 종정(鍾晶)을 사용해도 된다.
일태양에 있어서, 피록사술폰의 용액은, 피록사술폰을 합성하는 반응에 사용한 반응 용액이라도 된다. 피록사술폰을 합성하는 방법은 특별히 한정되지 않지만, 공지의 방법에 따라서 합성할 수 있다. 피록사술폰을 합성하는 방법은, 바람직하게는 특허문헌 2의 공정(iii)을 포함하는 방법이다.
이와 같이 하여 얻어진 피록사술폰의 주상 결정은, Cu-Kα선을 사용한 투과법에 의한 분말 X선분석법에 있어서, 적어도 17.8∼17.9°, 18.0∼18.1° 및 19.9∼20.0°의 범위의 회절각 2θ에 피크를 가지는 스펙트럼을 나타내고, 상기 3개의 피크 중, 19.9∼20.0°의 피크 높이가 최대인 것이 바람직하다.
피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 제초 활성 성분으로서 사용하는 경우에는, 상기 결정을 단독으로 사용해도 되지만, 안전성이나 편리성 등의 관점에서, 각종 농약 조제와 조합한 농약조성물 즉 농약 제제로 가공해서 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.
본 발명에서 사용되는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정은, 공지 관용(慣用)의 제제 기술에 의해 다양한 제형의 농약 제제로 가공할 수 있고, 그와 같이 한 농약 제제(이하, 본 발명의 농약 제제라고 하는 경우가 있음)도 또한 본 발명에 포함된다. 본 발명의 농약 제제는, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체 또는 슬러리를 미분쇄하는 공정을 거쳐 얻어도 된다.
본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제의 제형의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 분제, 입제(粒劑) 등의, 그 모습인 채로 농경지 등에 살포하는 제제의 태양; 수화제, 과립 수화제, 수성 현탁제 또는 유성 현탁제 등의, 살포 용수에 풀어서 현탁액을 조제하고, 상기 현탁액을 농경지 등에 살포하는 제제의 태양.
상기 제형의 바람직한 예는, 수화제, 과립 수화제, 수성 현탁제 또는 유성 현탁제 등의, 살포 용수에 풀어서 현탁액을 조제하고, 상기 현탁액을 농경지 등에 살포하는 제제의 태양을 포함한다.
일태양에서는, 상기 제형의 보다 바람직한 구체적인 예는, 수화제, 과립 수화제 등의 고체 제제를 포함한다.
상기 고체 제제의 더욱 바람직한 구체적인 예는, 수화제를 포함한다.
다른 태양에서는, 상기 제형의 보다 바람직한 구체적인 예는, 수성 현탁제 또는 유성 현탁제 등의 액체 제제를 포함한다.
상기 액체 제제의 더욱 바람직한 구체적인 예는, 수성 현탁제를 포함한다.
수화제는, 농약 활성 성분(본 발명에 있어서는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정)과, 농약 조제로서 계면활성제 및 고체 담체를 포함하는 분상(粉狀)의 고체 제제이다. 수화제의 제조 방법은, 특별히 한정되지 않는다.
과립 수화제는, 농약 활성 성분(본 발명에 있어서는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정)과, 농약 조제로서 계면활성제 및 고체 담체를 포함하는 입상(粒狀)의 고체 제제이다. 과립 수화제의 제조 방법은, 특별히 한정되지 않는다.
수성 현탁제는, 농약 활성 성분(본 발명에 있어서는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정)과, 농약 조제로서 계면활성제 및 물을 포함하는 수성의 액체 제제이다. 수성 현탁제의 제조 방법은, 특별히 한정되지 않는다.
유성 현탁제는, 농약 활성 성분(본 발명에 있어서는 피록사술폰의 주상 결정)과, 농약 조제로서 계면활성제 및 유성 분산매를 포함하는 유성의 액체 제제이다. 유성 분산매로서는, 농약 활성 성분의 빈용매인 것이 바람직하게 사용된다. 유성 현탁제의 제조 방법은, 특별히 한정되지 않는다.
상기 계면활성제의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 계면활성제는 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 계면활성제의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 폴리옥시알킬렌지방산 에스테르, 폴리옥시알킬렌소르비탄지방산 에스테르, 폴리옥시알킬렌소르비톨지방산 에스테르, 폴리옥시알킬렌 피마자유, 폴리옥시알킬렌 경화 피마자유, 폴리글리세린지방산 에스테르, 폴리옥시알킬렌알킬에테르, 폴리옥시알킬렌알킬아릴에테르, 폴리옥시알킬렌아릴페닐에테르, 소르비탄모노알킬레이트, 아세틸렌알코올 및 아세틸렌디올 및 이들의 알킬렌 옥시드 부가물 등의 비이온성 계면활성제; 테트라알킬암모늄염, 알킬아민, 알킬피리미디늄염 등의 양이온성 계면활성제; 알킬벤젠술폰산염과 같은 알킬아릴술폰산염 및 그의 축합물, 디알킬술폰산염, 디알킬숙신산염, 아릴술폰산염 및 그의 축합물, 알킬황산 에스테르염, 알킬인산 에스테르염, 알킬아릴황산 에스테르염, 알킬아릴인산 에스테르염, 리그닌술폰산염, 폴리카르복시산염, 폴리옥시알킬렌알킬에테르황산염, 폴리옥시알킬렌알킬에테르인산염, 폴리옥시에틸렌디스티릴페닐에테르황산염과 같은 폴리옥시알킬렌아릴에테르황산염, 폴리옥시알킬렌아릴에테르린산염, 폴리옥시알킬렌알킬아릴에테르황산염, 폴리옥시알킬렌알킬아릴에테르인산염 등의 음이온성 계면활성제; 알킬베타인, 알킬아민옥시드, 알킬이미다졸리늄베타인, 아미노산, 레시틴 등의 양성 계면활성제; 폴리에테르 변성 실리콘 등의 실리콘계 계면활성제; 퍼플루오로알킬술폰산, 퍼플루오로알킬카르복시산, 불소텔로머알코올 등의 불소계 계면활성제.
상기 고체 담체의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 고체 담체는 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 고체 담체의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 벤트나이트, 탈크, 클레이, 카올린, 규조토, 무정형(無晶形) 이산화규소, 탄산 칼슘, 탄산 마그네슘 등의 광물질 미분; 글루코오스, 설탕, 유당 등의 당류, 카르복시메틸셀룰로오스 및 그의 염류, 전분, 덱스트린 및 그의 유도체, 미결정 셀룰로오스, 요소 등의 유기물; 황산 나트륨, 황산 암모늄 및 염화칼륨과 같은 수용성 무기염류.
상기 유성 분산매의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 유성 분산제는 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 유성 분산매의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 고래 기름, 대구 간유, 사향오일, 밍크오일 등의 동물성 기름; 대두유, 채종유, 옥수수 오일, 콘유, 해바라기 오일, 면실유, 아마인유, 코코넛오일, 팜 오일, 엉겅퀴 오일, 월넛오일, 아라키스 오일, 올리브유, 파파야 오일, 동백유, 야자유, 참기름, 쌀겨 기름, 땅콩기름, 동유, 해바라기 오일, 피마자유 등의 식물성 기름; 올레산 메틸, 채종유 메틸에스테르, 또는 채종유 에틸에스테르 등의 지방산 에스테르류; 파라핀, 올레핀, 알킬벤젠(예를 들면, 톨루엔, 크실렌, 메시틸렌, 에틸벤젠 등), 알킬나프탈렌(예를 들면, 메틸나프탈렌, 디메틸나프탈렌, 에틸나프탈렌 등), 케로신, 페닐크실릴에탄 등의 광물성 오일.
상기한 것 외에, 본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제에는, 필요에 따라, 전분, 알긴산, 글리세린, 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리우레탄, 폴리에틸렌글리콜, 폴리프로필렌글리콜, 폴리부텐, 폴리비닐알코올, 아라비아검, 유통 파라핀, 에틸셀룰로오스, 폴리비닐아세테이트, 증점성(增粘性) 다당류(예를 들면, 잔탄검, 아라비아검, 구아검)등의 결합제; 스테아르산 칼슘, 탈크, 실리카 등의 활택제; 비교적 저분자량의 수용성 물질(예를 들면, 요소, 식염), 수용성 다가 알코올(예를 들면, 프로필렌글리콜, 에틸렌글리콜, 디에틸렌글리콜, 글리세린) 등의 동결방지제; 브릴리언트 블루 FCF, 시아닌 그린 G, 엘리오 그린 G 등의 착색제; 소르브산, 소르브산 칼륨, 파라클로로메타크실레놀, 파라옥시벤조산 부틸, 데하이드로아세트산 나트륨, 5-클로로-2-메틸-4-이소티아졸린-3-온, 2-브로모-2-프로판-1,3-디올, 1,2-벤조이소티아졸린-3-온 등의 방부제; 무기산(예를 들면, 염산, 황산, 인산), 유기산(예를 들면, 시트르산, 프탈산, 숙신산), 유기금속염(예를 들면, 시트르산 나트륨, 프탈산 수소 칼륨), 무기금속염(예를 들면, 인산수소 이나트륨, 인산이수소 나트륨, 인산수소 이칼륨, 인산이수소 칼륨, 탄산 나트륨, 탄산 칼륨, 붕산 나트륨), 수산화물(예를 들면, 수산화 나트륨, 수산화칼륨), 유기 아민류(예를 들면, 트리에탄올아민 등의 pH조정제; 실리콘계 소포제(消泡劑)(예를 들면, 디메틸폴리실록산, 폴리페닐실록산), 지방산(예를 들면, 미리스트산), 지방산금속염(예를 들면, 스테아르산 나트륨) 등의 소포제 등의 농약 조제를 함유시켜도 된다. 또한, 본 발명의 농약 제제가 액체 용제인 경우에는, 필요에 따라, 증점제를 함유시켜도 된다. 증점제로서는, 특별히 한정되지 않지만, 예를 들면, 상술한 것 중에서, 고체 담체, 결합제로서 기재한 재료를 사용할 수 있다. 본 발명의 농약 제제에 이들 농약 조제를 사용하는 경우의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다.
또한, 본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제에는, 필요에 따라, 독성경감제를 함유시켜도 된다. 독성경감제를 함유시키는 경우의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 독성경감제는 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 독성경감제의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 베녹사콜(benoxacor), 프리라졸(furilazole), 디클로르미드(dichlormid), 디시클로논(dicyclonone), DKA-24(N1,N2-디알릴-N2-디클로로아세틸글리신아미드), AD-67(4-디클로로아세틸-1-옥사-4-아자스피로[4.5]데칸), PPG-1292(2,2-디클로로-N-(1,3-디옥산-2-일메틸)-N-(2-프로페닐)아세트아미드, R-29148(3-디클로로아세틸-2,2,5-트리메틸-1,3-옥사졸리딘), 클로킨트세트-멕실(cloquintcet-mexyl), 나프탈산무수물(1,8-Naphthalic Anhydride), 메펜피르-디에틸(mefenpyr-diethyl), 메펜피르(mefenpyr), 메펜피르에틸(mefenpyr-ethyl), 펜클로라졸-에틸(fenchlorazole-ethyl), 펜클로림(fenclorim), MG-191(2-디클로로메틸-2-메틸-1,3-디옥산), 시오메트리닐(cyometrinil), 플루라졸(flurazole), 플룩소페님(fluxofenim), 이속사디펜(isoxadifen), 이속사디펜-에틸(isoxadifen-ethyl), 옥사벤트리닐(oxabetrinil), 시프로술파미드(cyprosulfamide), 저급 알킬 치환 벤조산, TI-35(1-디클로로아세틸아제판(1-dichloroacetylazepane) 또는 N-(2-메톡시벤조일)-4-[(메틸아미노카르보닐)아미노]벤젠술폰아미드(화학명, CAS등록번호: 129531-12-0).
또한, 본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제에는, 필요에 따라, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정과는 별도로, 추가의 제초 활성 성분을 함유시켜도 된다. 추가의 제초 활성 성분을 함유시키는 경우의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 추가의 제초 활성 성분은 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 추가의 제초 활성 성분의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 아이옥시닐(ioxynil), 아크로니펜(aclonifen), 아크롤레인(acrolein), 아자페니딘(azafenidin), 아시플루오르펜(acifluorfen)(나트륨 등과의 염을 포함함), 아짐술푸론(azimsulfuron), 아슐람(asulam), 아세트클로르(acetochlor), 아토라진(atrazine), 아닐로포스(anilofos), 아미카르바존(amicarbazone), 아미드술푸론(amidosulfuron), 아미트롤(amitrole), 아미노시클로피라클로르(aminocyclopyrachlor), 아미노피랄리드(aminopyralid), 아미프로포스·메틸(amiprofos-methyl), 아메트린(ametryn), 알라클로르(alachlor), 알로시딤(alloxydim), 이소론(isouron), 이속사클로르톨(isoxachlortole), 이속사플루톨(isoxaflutole), 이속사벤(isoxaben), 이소프로투론(isoproturon), 이프펜카르바존(ipfencarbazone), 이마자킨(imazaquin), 이마자픽(imazapic)(아민 등과의 염을 포함함), 이마자피르(imazapyr)(이소프로필아민 등의 염을 포함함), 이마자메타벤즈·메틸(imazamethabenz-methyl), 이마자목스(imazamox), 이마제타피르(imazethapyr), 이마조술푸론(imazosulfuron), 인다지플람(indaziflam), 인다노판(indanofan), 에글리나진·에틸(eglinazine-ethyl), 에스프로카브(esprocarb), 에타메트술푸론·메틸(ethametsulfuron-methyl), 에탈플루랄린(ethalfluralin), 에티디무론(ethidimuron), 에톡시술푸론(ethoxysulfuron), 에톡시펜·에틸(ethoxyfen-ethyl), 에토퓨메세이트(ethofumesate), 에토벤자니드(etobenzanid), 엔도탈 이나트륨염(endothal-disodium), 옥사디아존(oxadiazon), 옥사디아르길(oxadiargyl), 옥사지클로메폰(oxaziclomefone), 옥사술푸론(oxasulfuron), 옥시플루오르펜(oxyfluorfen), 오리잘린(oryzalin), 오르토술파무론(orthosulfamuron), 오르벤카브(orbencarb), 올레산(oleic acid), 카펜스트롤(cafenstrole), 카펜트라존·에틸(carfentrazone-ethyl), 카부틸레이트(karbutilate), 카르베타미드(carbetamide), 카잘로포프(quizalofop-ethyl), 카잘로포프·P·에틸(quizalofop-P-ethyl), 카잘로포프·P·테퓨릴(quizalofop-P-tefuryl), 키노클라민(quinoclamine), 킨클로락(quinclorac), 킨메락(quinmerac), 큐밀루론(cumyluron), 클라시포스(clacyfos), 글리포세이트(glyphosate)(나트륨, 칼륨, 암모늄, 아민, 프로필아민, 이소프로필아민, 디메틸아민 또는 트리메슘 등의 염을 포함함), 글루포시네이트(glufosinate)(아민 또는 나트륨 등의 염을 포함함), 글루포시네이트·P·나트륨염(glufosinate-P-sodium), 클레토딤(clethodim), 클로디나포프·프로파길(clodinafop-propargyl), 클로피랄리드(clopyralid), 클로마존(clomazone), 클로메톡시펜(chlomethoxyfen), 클레메프롭(clomeprop), 클로란술람·메틸(cloransulam-methyl), 클로람벤(chloramben), 클로리다존(chloridazon), 클로리무론·에틸(chlorimuron-ethyl), 클로르술푸론(chlorsulfuron), 클로르탈·디메틸(chlorthal-dimethyl), 클로르티아미드(chlorthiamid), 클로르프탈림(chlorphthalim), 클로르플루레놀·메틸(chlorflurenol-methyl), 클로르프로팜(chlorpropham), 클로르브로무론(chlorbromuron), 클로록수론(chloroxuron), 클로로톨루론(chlorotoluron), 케토스피라독스(ketospiradox)(나트륨, 칼슘 또는 암모니아 등의 염을 포함함), 사플루페나실(saflufenacil), 사멘틴(sarmentine), 시아나진(cyanazine), 시안아미드(cyanamide), 디우론(diuron), 디에타틸·에틸(diethatyl-ethyl), 디캄바(dicamba)(아민, 디에틸아민, 이소프로필아민, 디글리콜아민, 나트륨 또는 리튬 등의 염을 포함함), 시클로에이트(cycloate), 시클록시딤(cycloxydim), 디클로술람(diclosulam), 시클로술파무론(cyclosulfamuron), 시클로피라닐(cyclopyranil), 시클로피리모레이트(cyclopyrimorate), 디클로베닐(dichlobenil), 디클로포프·P·메틸(diclofop-P-methyl), 디클로포프·메틸(diclofop-methyl), 디클로르프로프(dichlorprop), 디클로르프로프-P(dichlorprop-P), 다이?R(diquat), 디티오피르(dithiopyr), 시듀론(siduron), 디니트라민(dinitramine), 시니돈·에틸(cinidon-ethyl), 시노술푸론(cinosulfuron), 디노셉(dinoseb), 디노터브(dinoterb), 시할로포프·부틸(cyhalofop-butyl), 디페나미드(diphenamid), 디펜조?R(difenzoquat), 디플루페니칸(diflufenican), 디플루펜조피르(diflufenzopyr), 시마진(simazine), 디메타클로르(dimethachlor), 디메타메트린(dimethametryn), 디메테나미드(dimethenamid), 디메테나미드·P(dimethenamid-P),
시메트린(simetryn), 디메피페레이트(dimepiperate), 디메푸론(dimefuron), 신메틸린(cinmethylin), 스웹(swep), 술코트리온(sulcotrione), 술펜트라존(sulfentrazone), 술포세이트(sulfosate), 술포술푸론(sulfosulfuron), 술포메튜론·메틸(sulfometuron-methyl), 세톡시딤(sethoxydim), 터바실(terbacil), 다이무론(daimuron), 탁스토민·A(thaxtomin A), 달라폰(dalapon), 디아조피르(thiazopyr), 티아페나실(tiafenacil), 티엔카르바존(thiencarbazone)(나트륨염, 메틸에스테르 등을 포함함), 티오카르바질(tiocarbazil), 티오벤카브(thiobencarb), 티디아지민(thidiazimin), 티펜술푸론·메틸(thifensulfuron-methyl), 데스메디팜(desmedipham), 데스메트린(desmetryne), 테크플루피롤리멧(tetflupyrolimet), 테닐클로르(thenylchlor), 테부탐(tebutam), 테부티우론(tebuthiuron), 테프라록시딤(tepraloxydim), 테퓨릴트리온(tefuryltrione), 템보트리온(tembotrione), 터부틸라진(terbuthylazine), 터부트린(terbutryn), 터부메톤(terbumeton), 토프라메존(topramezone), 트랄콕시딤(tralkoxydim), 트리아지플람(triaziflam), 트리아술푸론(triasulfuron), 트리아파몬(triafamone), 트리알레이트(tri-allate), 트리에타진(trietazine), 트리클로피르(triclopyr), 트리클로피르-부토틸(triclopyr-butotyl), 트리플루딤옥사진(trifludimoxazin), 트리토술푸론(tritosulfuron), 트리플루술푸론·메틸(triflusulfuron-methyl), 트리플루랄린(trifluralin), 트리플록시술푸론나트륨염(trifloxysulfuron-sodium), 트리베뉴론·메틸(tribenuron-methyl), 톨피랄레이트(tolpyralate), 나프탈람(naptalam)(나트륨 등과의 염을 포함함), 나프로아닐리드(naproanilide), 나프로파미드(napropamide), 나프로파미드-M(napropamide-M), 니코술푸론(nicosulfuron), 네부론(neburon), 노르플루라존(norflurazon), 바놀레이트(vernolate), 파라콰트(paraquat), 할락시펜-벤질(halauxifen-benzyl), 할락시펜-메틸(halauxifen-methyl), 할록시포프(haloxyfop), 할록시포프·P(haloxyfop-P), 할록시포프-에토틸(haloxyfop-etotyl), 할로사펜(halosafen), 할로술푸론·메틸(halosulfuron-methyl), 빅슬로존(bixlozone), 피클로람(picloram), 피콜리나펜(picolinafen), 비시클로파이론(bicyclopyrone), 비스피리박·나트륨염(bispyribac-sodium), 피녹사덴(pinoxaden), 비페녹스(bifenox), 피페로포스(piperophos), 피라클로닐(pyraclonil), 피라술포톨(pyrasulfotole), 피라족시펜(pyrazoxyfen), 피라조술푸론·에틸(pyrazosulfuron-ethyl), 피라졸리네이트(pyrazolynate), 빌라나포스(bilanafos), 피라플루펜·에틸(pyraflufen-ethyl), 피리다폴(pyridafol), 피리티오박·나트륨염(pyrithiobac-sodium), 피리데이트(pyridate), 피리프탈리드(pyriftalid), 피리부티카브(pyributicarb), 피리벤족심(pyribenzoxim), 피리미술판(pyrimisulfan), 피리미노박·메틸(pyriminobac-methyl), 피록스술람(pyroxsulam), 페니소팜(phenisopham), 페뉴론(fenuron), 페녹사술폰(fenoxasulfone), 페녹사프로프(fenoxaprop)(메틸, 에틸, 이소프로필에스테르를 포함함), 페녹사프로프·P(fenoxaprop-P)(메틸, 에틸, 이소프로필에스테르를 포함함), 펜키노트리온(fenquinotrione), 펜티아프로프·에틸(fenthiaprop-ethyl), 펜트라자미드(fentrazamide), 펜메디팜(phenmedipham), 부타클로르(butachlor), 부타페나실(butafenacil), 부타미포스(butamifos), 부틸레이트(butylate), 부테나클로르(butenachlor), 부트랄린(butralin), 부토록시딤(butroxydim), 플라자술푸론(flazasulfuron), 플람프로프(flamprop)(메틸, 에틸, 이소프로필에스테르를 포함함), 플람프로프·M(flamprop-M)(메틸, 에틸, 이소프로필에스테르를 포함함), 프리미술푸론·메틸(primisulfuron-methyl), 플루아지포프·부틸(fluazifop-butyl), 플루아지포프·P·부틸(fluazifop-P-butyl), 플루아졸레이트(fluazolate), 플루오메튜론(fluometuron), 플루오로글??코펜·에틸(fluoroglycofen-ethyl), 플루카르바존·나트륨염(flucarbazone-sodium), 플루클로랄린(fluchloralin), 플루세토술푸론(flucetosulfuron), 플루티아세트·메틸(fluthiacet-methyl), 플루피르술푸론·메틸·나트륨염(flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium), 플루페나세트(flufenacet), 플루펜피르·에틸(flufenpyr-ethyl), 플루프로파네이트(flupropanate), 플루폭삼(flupoxame), 플루미옥사진(flumioxazin), 플루미클로락·펜틸(flumiclorac-pentyl), 플루메트술람(flumetsulam), 플루리돈(fluridone), 플루르타몬(flurtamone), 플루록시피르(fluroxypyr), 플루로클로리돈(flurochloridone), 프레틸라클로르(pretilachlor), 프로카르바존·나트륨염(procarbazone-sodium), 프로디아민(prodiamine), 프로술푸론(prosulfuron), 프로술포카브(prosulfocarb), 프로파키자포프(propaquizafop), 프로파클로르(propachlor), 프로파진(propazine), 프로파닐(propanil), 프로피자미드(propyzamide), 프로피소클로르(propisochlor), 프로피리술푸론(propyrisulfuron), 프로팜(propham), 프로플루아졸(profluazol), 프로폭시카르바존·나트륨염(propoxycarbazone-sodium), 프로폭시딤(profoxydim), 브로마실(bromacil), 브롬피라존(brompyrazon), 프로메트린(prometryn), 프로메톤(prometon),
브로목시닐(bromoxynil)(부티르산, 옥탄산 또는 헵탄산 등의 에스테르체를 포함함), 브로모페녹심(bromofenoxim), 브로모부티드(bromobutide), 플로라술람(florasulam), 플로르피락시펜(florpyrauxifen), 헥사지논(hexazinone), 페톡사미드(pethoxamid), 베나졸린(benazolin), 페녹스술람(penoxsulam), 헵타말록실로글루칸(heptamaloxyloglucan), 베플루부타미드(beflubutamid), 베플루부타미드-M(beflubutamid-M), 페불레이트(pebulate), 펠라르곤산(pelargonic-acid), 벤카르바존(bencarbazone), 펜디메탈린(pendimethalin), 벤즈펜디존(benzfendizone), 벤술리드(bensulide), 벤술푸론·메틸(bensulfuron-methyl), 벤조비시클론(benzobicyclon), 벤조페나프(benzofenap), 벤타존(bentazone), 펜타노클로르(pentanochlor), 펜톡사존(pentoxazone), 벤플루랄린(benfluralin), 벤푸레세이트(benfuresate), 포사민(fosamine), 포메사펜(fomesafen), 포람술푸론(foramsulfuron), 메코프로프(mecoprop)(나트륨, 칼륨, 이소프로필아민, 트리에탄올아민, 디메틸아민 등의 염을 포함함), 메코프로프·P·칼륨염(mecoprop-P-potassium), 메소술푸론·메틸(mesosulfuron-methyl), 메소트리온(mesotrione), 메타자클로르(metazachlor), 메타조술푸론(metazosulfuron), 메타벤즈티아줄론(methabenzthiazuron), 메타미트론(metamitron), 메타미포프(metamifop), DSMA(메탄아르손산이나트륨), 메티오졸린(methiozolin), 메틸다이무론(methyldymuron), 메톡수론(metoxuron), 메토술람(metosulam), 메토술푸론·메틸(metsulfuron-methyl), 메토브로무론(metobromuron), 메토벤주론(metobenzuron), 메톨라클로르(metolachlor), 메트리부진(metribuzin), 메페나세트(mefenacet), 모노술푸론(monosulfuron)(메틸, 에틸, 이소프로필에스테르를 포함함), 모노리누론(monolinuron), 몰리네이트(molinate), 요오드술푸론(iodosulfuron), 요오드술푸론메틸나트륨염(iodosulfulon-methyl-sodium), 이오펜술푸론(iofensulfuron), 이오펜술푸론·나트륨염(iofensulfuron-sodium), 락토펜(lactofen), 란코트리온(lancotrione), 리누론(linuron), 림술푸론(rimsulfuron), 레나실(lenacil), TCA(2,2,2-트리클로로아세트산)(나트륨, 칼슘 또는 암모니아 등의 염을 포함함), 2,3,6-TBA(2,3,6-트리클로로 벤조산), 2,4,5-T(2,4,5-트리클로로페녹시아세트산), 2,4-D(2,4-디클로로페녹시아세트산)(아민, 디에틸아민, 트리에탄올아민, 이소프로필아민, 나트륨 또는 리튬 등의 염을 포함함), ACN(2-아미노-3-클로로-1,4-나프토퀴논), MCPA(2-메틸-4-클로로페녹시아세트산), MCPB(2-메틸-4-클로로페녹시부티르산)(나트륨염, 에틸에스테르 등을 포함함), 2,4-DB(4-(2,4-디클로로페녹시)부티르산), DNOC(4,6-디니트로-O-크레졸(아민 또는 나트륨 등의 염을 포함함), AE-F-150944(코드번호), HW-02(코드번호), IR-6396(코드번호), MCPA·티오에틸(MCPA-thioethyl), SYP-298(코드번호), SYP-300(코드번호), EPTC(S-에틸디프로필티오카르바메이트), S-메톨라클로르(S-metolachlor), S-9750(코드번호), MSMA(MSMA).
또한, 본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제에는, 필요에 따라, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정에 더하여, 해충방제활성 성분을 함유시켜도 된다. 해충방제활성 성분을 함유시키는 경우의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 해충방제활성 성분은 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 해충방제활성 성분의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 아크리나트린(acrinathrin), 아자디락틴(azadirachtin), 아자메티포스(azamethiphos), 아진포스·에틸(azinphos-ethyl), 아진포스·메틸(azinphos-methyl), 아세키노실(acequinocyl), 아세타미프리드(acetamiprid), 아세토프롤(acetoprole), 아세페이트(acephate), 아조시클로틴(azocyclotin), 아바멕틴(abamectin), 아피도피로펜(afidopyropen), 아폭솔라너(afoxolaner), 아미드플루메트(amidoflumet), 아미트라즈(amitraz), 알라니카브(alanycarb), 알디카브(aldicarb), 알독시카브(aldoxycarb), 알레트린(allethrin)[d-cis-trans-체, d-trans-체를 포함함], 이사조포스(isazophos), 이사미도포스(isamidofos), 이소카르보포스(isocarbophos), 이속사티온(isoxathion), 이소시클로세람(isocycloseram), 이소펜포스·메틸(isofenphos-methyl), 이소프로카브(isoprocarb), 이베르멕틴(ivermectin), 이미시아포스(imicyafos), 이미다클로프리드(imidacloprid), 이미프로트린(imiprothrin), 인독사카브(indoxacarb), 에스펜발레레이트(esfenvalerate), 에티오펜카브(ethiofencarb), 에티온(ethion), 에티프롤(ethiprole), 에틸렌디브로미드(ethylene dibromide), 에톡사졸(etoxazole), 에토펜프록스(etofenprox), 에토프로포스(ethoprophos), 에트림포스(etrimfos), 에마멕틴벤조에이트(emamectin benzoate), 엔도술판(endosulfan), 엔펜트린(empenthrin), 옥사조술필(oxazosulfyl), 옥사밀(oxamyl), 옥시디메톤·메틸(oxydemeton-methyl), 옥시데프로포스(oxydeprofos), 오메토에이트(omethoate), 카듀사포스(cadusafos), 카파-테플루트린(kappa-tefluthrin), 카파-비펜트린(kappa-bifenthrin), 카데트린(kadethrin), 카란진(karanjin), 카르탑(cartap), 카르바릴(carbaryl), 카르보술판(carbosulfan), 카르보퓨란(carbofuran), 감마-BHC(gamma-BHC), 크실릴카브(xylylcarb), 키날포스(quinalphos), 키노프렌(kinoprene), 키노메이오네이트(chinomethionat), 쿠마포스(coumaphos), 클리오라이트(cryolite), 클로티아니딘(clothianidin), 클로펜테진(clofentezine), 크로마페노지드(chromafenozide), 클로란트라닐리프롤(chlorantraniliprole), 클로르에톡시포스(chlorethoxyfos), 클로르데인(chlordane), 클로르피크린(chloropicrin), 클로르피리포스(chlorpyrifos), 클로르피리포스·메틸(chlorpyrifos-methyl), 클로르페나피르(chlorfenapyr), 클로르펜빈포스(chlorfenvinphos), 클로르플루아주론(chlorfluazuron), 클로르메포스(chlormephos), 클로로프랄레트린(chloroprallethrin), 시아노포스(cyanophos), 디아펜티우론(diafenthiuron), 디아미다포스(diamidafos), 시안트라닐리프롤(cyantraniliprole), 디에노클로르(dienochlor), 시에노피라펜(cyenopyrafen), 디옥사벤조포스(dioxabenzofos), 디오페놀란(diofenolan), 시클라닐리프롤(cyclaniliprole), 디클로토포스(dicrotophos), 디클로펜티온(dichlofenthion), 시클로프로트린(cycloprothrin), 디클로르보스(dichlorvos), 디클로로메조티아즈(dicloromezotiaz), 1,3-디클로로프로펜(1,3-dichloropropene), 디코폴(dicofol), 디시클라닐(dicyclanil), 디술포톤(disulfoton), 디노테퓨란(dinotefuran), 디노부톤(dinobuton), 시할로디아미드(cyhalodiamide), 시할로트린(cyhalothrin)[gamma-체, lambda-체를 포함함], 시페노트린(cyphenothrin)[(1R)-trans-체를 포함함], 시플루트린(cyfluthrin)[beta-체를 포함함], 디플루벤주론(diflubenzuron), 시플루메토펜(cyflumetofen), 디플로비다진(diflovidazin), 시헥사틴(cyhexatin), 사이퍼메트린(cypermethrin)[alpha-체, beta-체, theta-체, zeta-체를 포함함], 딤프로피리다즈(dimpropyridaz), 디메틸빈포스(dimethylvinphos), 디메플루트린(dimefluthrin), 디메토에이트(dimethoate), 시라플루오펜(silafluofen), 시로마진(cyromazine), 스피네토람(spinetoram), 스피노사드(spinosad), 스피로디클로펜(spirodiclofen), 스피로테트라맛(spirotetramat), 스피로피디온(spiropidion), 스피로메시펜(spiromesifen), 술코퓨론·나트륨염(sulcofuron-sodium), 술플루라미드(sulfluramid), 술폭사플로르(sulfoxaflor), 술포텝(sulfotep), 다이아지논(diazinon), 티아클로프리드(thiacloprid), 티아메톡삼(thiamethoxam), 티옥사자펜(tioxazafen), 티오디카브(thiodicarb), 티오시클람(thiocyclam), 티오술탑(thiosultap), 티오나진(thionazin), 티오파녹스(thiofanox), 티오메톤(thiometon), 티클로피라조플로르(tyclopyrazoflor), 테트라클로란트라닐리프롤(tetrachlorantraniliprole), 테트라클로르빈포스(tetrachlorvinphos), 테트라디폰(tetradifon), 테트라닐리프롤(tetraniliprole), 테트라메틸플루트린(tetramethylfluthrin), 테트라메트린(tetramethrin), 테부피림포스(tebupirimfos), 데부페노지드(tebufenozide), 데부펜피라드(tebufenpyrad), 테플루트린(tefluthrin), 데플루벤주론(teflubenzuron), 데메톤·S·메틸(demeton-S-methyl), 데메포스(temephos), 델타메트린(deltamethrin), 터부포스(terbufos), 트랄로메트린(tralomethrin), 트랜스플루트린(transfluthrin),
리아자메이트(triazamate), 트리아조포스(triazophos), 트리클로르폰(trichlorfon), 트리플루무론(triflumuron), 트리플루메조피림(triflumezopyrim), 트리메타카브(trimethacarb), 톨루펜피라드(tolfenpyrad), 날레드(naled), 니텐피람(nitenpyram), 노발루론(novaluron), 노비플루무론(noviflumuron), 바티실륨레카니(Verticillium lecanii), 하이드로프렌(hydroprene), 파스테리아페네트랜스 포자(Pasteuriapenetrans), 바미도티온(vamidothion), 파라티온(parathion), 파라티온·메틸(parathion-methyl), 할펜프록스(halfenprox), 할로페노지드(halofenozide), 비오알레트린(bioallethrin), 비오알레트린S-시클로펜테닐(bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl), 비오레스메트린(bioresmethrin), 비스트리플루론(bistrifluron), 히드라메틸논(hydramethylnon), 비페나제이트(bifenazate), 비펜트린(bifenthrin), 피플루부미드(pyflubumide), 피페로닐부톡시드(piperonyl butoxide), 피메트로진(pymetrozine), 피라클로포스(pyraclofos), 피라플루프롤(pyrafluprole), 피리다펜티온(pyridaphenthion), 피리다벤(pyridaben), 피리달릴(pyridalyl), 피리플루키나존(pyrifluquinazon), 피리프롤(pyriprole), 피리프록시펜(pyriproxyfen), 피리미카브(pirimicarb), 피리미디펜(pyrimidifen), 피리미노스트로빈(pyriminostrobin), 피리미포스·메틸(pirimiphos-methyl), 피레트린(pyrethrine), 팜퍼(famphur), 피프로닐(fipronil), 페나자킨(fenazaquin), 페나미포스(fenamiphos), 페니트로티온(fenitrothion), 페녹시카브(fenoxycarb), 페노티오카브(fenothiocarb), 페노트린(phenothrin)[(1R)-trans-체를 포함함], 페노부카브(fenobucarb), 펜티온(fenthion), 펜토에이트(phenthoate), 펜발레레이트(fenvalerate), 펜피록시메이트(fenpyroximate), 펜부타틴·옥시드(fenbutatin oxide), 펜프로파트린(fenpropathrin), 포노포스(fonofos), 불화 술푸릴(sulfuryl fluoride), 부토카르복심(butocarboxim), 부톡시카르복심(butoxycarboxim), 부프로페진(buprofezin), 퓨라티오카브(furathiocarb), 프랄레트린(prallethrin), 플루아크리피림(fluacrypyrim), 플루아자인돌리진(fluazaindolizine), 플루아주론(fluazuron), 플루엔술폰(fluensulfone), 플루오로아세트산 나트륨염(sodium fluoroacetate), 플룩사메타미드(fluxametamide), 플루시클록수론(flucycloxuron), 플루시트리네이트(flucythrinate), 플루술파미드(flusulfamide), 플루발리네이트(fluvalinate)[tau-체를 포함함], 플루피라디퓨론(flupyradifurone), 플루피라조포스(flupyrazofos), 플루피리민(flupyrimin), 플루피프롤(flufiprole), 플루페네림(flufenerim), 플루페녹시스트로빈(flufenoxystrobin), 플루페녹수론(flufenoxuron), 플루헥사폰(fluhexafon), 플루벤디아미드(flubendiamide), 플루메트린(flumethrin), 플루랄라너(fluralaner), 프로티오포스(prothiofos), 프로트리펜부트(protrifenbute), 플로니카미드(flonicamid), 프로파포스(propaphos), 프로파자이트(propargite), 프로페노포스(profenofos), 브로플라닐리드(broflanilide), 브로플루트리네이트(brofluthrinate), 프로플루트린(profluthrin), 프로페탐포스(propetamphos), 프로폭서(propoxur), 프로메토킨(flometoquin), 브로모프로필레이트(bromopropylate), 헥사티아족스(hexythiazox), 헥사플루무론(hexaflumuron), 눈꽃동중하초(Paecilomyces tenuipes), 패킬로마이세스·푸모소로세우스(Paecilomyces fumosoroceus), 헵타플루트린(heptafluthrin), 헵테노포스(heptenophos), 페르메트린(permethrin), 벤클로티아즈(benclothiaz), 벤즈피리목산(benzpyrimoxan), 벤술탑(bensultap), 벤족시메이트(benzoximate), 벤다이오카브(bendiocarb), 벤퓨라카브(benfuracarb), 보베리아·테넬라(Beauveria tenella), 보베리아·밧시아나(Beauveria bassiana), 보베리아·부롱니아티(Beauveria brongniartii), 폭심(phoxim), 폭살론(phosalone), 포스티아제이트(fosthiazate), 포스티에탄(fosthietan), 포스파미돈(phosphamidon), 포스메트(phosmet), 폴리낙틴 복합체(polynactins), 포메타네이트(formetanate), 포레이트(phorate), 말라티온(malathion), 밀베멕틴(milbemectin), 메카르밤(mecarbam), 메술펜포스(mesulfenfos), 메토프렌(methoprene), 메토밀(methomyl), 메타플루미존(metaflumizone), 메타미드포스(methamidophos), 메탐(metham), 메티오카브(methiocarb), 메티다티온(methidathion), 메틸이소티오시아네이트(methyl isothiocyanate), 메틸브로마이드(methyl bromide), 메톡시클로르(methoxychlor), 메톡시페노지드(methoxyfenozide), 메토트린(methothrin), 메토플루트린(metofluthrin), 엡실론-메토플루트린(epsilon-metofluthrin), 메톨카브(metolcarb), 메빈포스(mevinphos), 메페루플루트린(meperfluthrin), 모나크로스포륨·피마토파검(Monacrosporium phymatophagum), 모노크로토포스(monocrotophos), 몸플루오로트린(momfluorothrin), 엡실론-몸플루오로트린(epsilon-momfluorothrin), 리틀러 A(litlure-A), 리틀러 B(litlure-B), 인화 알루미늄(aluminium phosphide), 인화 아연(zinc phosphide), 인화 수소(phosphine), 루페누론(lufenuron), 레스칼러(rescalure), 레스메트린(resmethrin), 레피멕틴(lepimectin), 로테논(rotenone), 산화펜부타틴(fenbutatin oxide), 석회질소(calcium cyanide), 황산 니코틴(nicotinesulfate), (Z)-11-테트라데세닐=아세테이트, (Z)-11-헥사데세날, (Z)-11-헥사데세닐=아세테이트, (Z)-9,12-테트라데카티에닐=아세테이트, (Z)-9-테트라데센-1-올, (Z,E)-9,11-테트라데카티에닐=아세테이트, (Z,E)-9,12-테트라데카티에닐=아세테이트, 바실루스·포필리애(Bacillus popilliae), 바실루스·서브틸리스(Bacillus subtillis), 바실루스·스패리쿠스(Bacillus sphaericus), 바실루스·튜린겐시스·아종·아이자와이(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Aizawai), 바실루스·튜린겐시스·아종·이스라엘렌시스(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Israelensis), 바실루스·튜린겐시스·아종·쿠르스타키(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki), 바실루스·튜린겐시스·아종·테네브리오니스(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Tenebrionis), Bt 단백질(Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34/35Ab1), CL900167(코드번호), DCIP(비스-(2-클로로-1-메틸에틸)에테르), DDT(1,1,1-트리클로로-2,2-비스(4-클로로페닐)에탄), DEP(디메틸-2,2,2-트리클로로-1-하이드록시에틸포스포네이트), DNOC(4,6-디니트로-o-크레졸), DSP(O,O-디에틸-O-[4-(디메틸술파모일)페닐]-포스포로티오네이트), EPN(O-에틸-O-4-(니트로페닐)페닐포스포노티오에이트), 핵다각체병 바이러스 포매체(包埋體), NA-85(코드번호), NA-89(코드번호), NC-515(코드번호), RU15525(코드번호), XMC, Z-13-이코센-10-온, ZXI8901(코드번호), 2-클로로-4-플루오로-5-[(5-트리플루오로메틸티오)펜틸옥시]페닐2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸술폭시드(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1472050-04-6), 2,4-디클로로-5-{2-[4-(트리플루오로메틸)페닐]에톡시}페닐2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸술폭시드(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1472052-11-1), 2,4-디메틸-5-[6-(트리플루오로메틸티오)헥실옥시]페닐-2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸술폭시드(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1472050-34-2), 2-{2-플루오로-4-메틸-5-[(2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸)술피닐]페녹시}-5-(트리플루오로메틸)피리딘(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1448758-62-0), 3-클로로-2-{2-플루오로-4-메틸-5-[(2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸)술피닐]페녹시}-5-(트리플루오로메틸)피리딘(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1448761-28-1), 4-플루오로-2-메틸-5-(5,5-디메틸헥실옥시)페닐2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸술폭시드(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1472047-71-4), NI-30(코드번호).
또한, 본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제에는, 필요에 따라, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정에 더하여, 병해방제활성 성분을 함유시켜도 된다. 병해방제활성 성분을 함유시키는 경우의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 병해방제활성 성분은 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 병해방제활성 성분의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 아자코나졸(azaconazole), 아시벤졸라·S·메틸(acibenzolar-S-methyl), 아족시스트로빈(azoxystrobin), 아닐라진(anilazine), 아미술브롬(amisulbrom), 아미노피리펜(aminopyrifen), 아메톡트라진(ametoctradin), 알디모프(aldimorph), 이소티아닐(isotianil), 이소피라잠(isopyrazam), 이소페타미드(isofetamid), 이소플루시프람(isoflucypram), 이소프로티올란(isoprothiolane), 이프코나졸(ipconazole), 이프플루페노킨(ipflufenoquin), 이프펜트리플루코나졸(ipfentrifluconazole), 이프로디온(iprodione), 이프로발리카브(iprovalicarb), 이프로벤포스(iprobenfos), 이마잘릴(imazalil), 이미녹타딘·알베실산염(iminoctadine-trialbesilate), 이미녹타딘아세트산염(iminoctadine-triacetate), 이미벤코나졸(imibenconazole), 인피르플룩삼(inpyrfluxam), 임프리마틴 A(imprimatin A), 임프리마틴 B(imprimatin B), 에디펜포스(edifenphos), 에타코나졸(etaconazole), 에타복삼(ethaboxam), 에티리몰(ethirimol), 에톡시킨(ethoxyquin), 에트리디아졸(etridiazole), 에네스트로부린(enestroburin), 에녹사스트로빈(enoxastrobin), 에폭시코나졸(epoxiconazole), 오가닉 오일(organic oils), 옥사디실(oxadixyl), 옥사지닐라졸(oxazinylazole), 옥사티아피프롤린(oxathiapiprolin), 옥시카르복신(oxycarboxin), 옥시퀴놀린 구리(oxine-copper), 옥시테트라사이클린(oxytetracycline), 옥스포코나졸푸마르산염(oxpoconazole-fumarate), 옥솔린산(oxolinic acid), 옥탄산구리(copper dioctanoate), 옥틸리논(octhilinone), 오퓨레이스(ofurace), 오리사스트로빈(orysastrobin), 오르토페닐페놀(o-phenylphenol), 카스가마이신(kasugamycin), 캡타폴(captafol), 카프로파미드(carpropamid), 카벤다짐(carbendazim), 카르복신(carboxin), 카르본(carvone), 퀴녹시펜(quinoxyfen), 퀴노프메린(quinofumelin), 퀴노메이오네이트(chinomethionat), 캡탄(captan), 퀸코나졸(quinconazole), 퀸토젠(quintozene), 구아자틴(guazatine), 쿠프라네브(cufraneb), 쿠옥시스트로빈(coumoxystrobin), 크레속심·메틸(kresoxim-methyl), 클로질라콘(clozylacon), 클로졸리네이트(chlozolinate), 클로로탈로닐(chlorothalonil), 클로로네브(chloroneb), 시아조파미드(cyazofamid), 티에토펜카브(diethofencarb), 디클로시메트(diclocymet), 디클로플루아니드(dichlofluanid), 디클로벤티아족스(dichlobenthiazox), 디클로메진(diclomezine), 디클로란(dicloran), 디클로로펜(dichlorophen), 디티아논(dithianon), 디니코나졸(diniconazole), 디니코나졸·M(diniconazole-M), 디네브(zineb), 디노캡(dinocap), 디피메티트론(dipymetitrone), 디페닐아민(diphenylamine), 디페노코나졸(difenoconazole), 시플루페나미드(cyflufenamid), 디플루메토림(diflumetorim), 시프로코나졸(cyproconazole), 시프로디닐(cyprodinil), 시메코나졸(simeconazole), 디메티리몰(dimethirimol), 디메틸디술피드(dimethyl disulfide), 디메토모프(dimethomorph), 시목사닐(cymoxanil), 디목시스트로빈(dimoxystrobin), 지람(ziram), 실티오팜(silthiofam), 스트렙토마이신(streptomycin), 스피록사민(spiroxamine), 세닥산(sedaxane), 족사미드(zoxamide), 다조메트(dazomet), 티아디닐(tiadinil), 티아벤다졸(thiabendazole), 티우람(thiram), 티오파네이트(thiophanate), 티오파네이트·메틸(thiophanate-methyl), 디플루자미드(thifluzamide), 덱나젠(tecnazene), 데클로프탈람(tecloftalam), 테트라코나졸(tetraconazole), 데바카브(debacarb), 데부코나졸(tebuconazole), 데부플로킨(tebufloquin), 터비나핀(terbinafine), 도딘(dodine), 도데모프(dodemorph), 트리아디메놀(triadimenol), 트리아디메폰(triadimefon), 트리아족시드(triazoxide), 트리클라미드(trichlamide), 트리클로피리카브(triclopyricarb), 트리시클라졸(tricyclazole), 트리티코나졸(triticonazole), 트리데모프(tridemorph), 트리플루미졸(triflumizole), 트리플록시스트로빈(trifloxystrobin), 트리포린(triforine), 톨릴플루아니드(tolylfluanid), 톨클로포스·메틸(tolclofos-methyl), 톨니파니드(tolnifanide), 톨프로카브(tolprocarb), 나밤(nabam), 나타마이신(natamycin), 나프티핀(naftifine), 니트라피린(nitrapyrin), 니트로탈·이소프로필(nitrothal-isopropyl), 누아리몰(nuarimol), 노닐페놀술폰산 구리(copper nonyl phenol sulphonate), 바실러스·서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis)(strain: QST 713), 발리다마이신(validamycin), 발리페날레이트(valifenalate), 피카부트라족스(picarbutrazox), 빅사펜(bixafen), 피콕시스트로빈(picoxystrobin), 피디플루메토펜(pydiflumetofen), 비터타놀(bitertanol), 비나파크릴(binapacryl), 비페닐(biphenyl), 피페랄린(piperalin), 히멕사졸(hymexazol), 피라옥시스트로빈(pyraoxystrobin), 피라클로스트로빈(pyraclostrobin), 피라디플루미드(pyraziflumid), 피라조포스(pyrazophos), 피라프로포인(pyrapropoyne), 피라메토스트로빈(pyrametostrobin), 피리오페논(pyriofenone), 피리속사졸(pyrisoxazole), 피리다클로메틸(pyridachlometyl), 피리페녹스(pyrifenox), 피리부티카브(pyributicarb), 피리벤카브(pyribencarb), 피리메타닐(pyrimethanil), 피로키론(pyroquilon), 빈클로졸린(vinclozolin), 파밤(ferbam), 파목사돈(famoxadone), 페나진옥시드(phenazine oxide), 페나미돈(fenamidone), 페나민스트로빈(fenaminstrobin), 페나리몰(fenarimol), 페녹사닐(fenoxanil), 페리무존(ferimzone), 펜피클로닐(fenpiclonil), 펜피콕사미드(fenpicoxamid), 펜피라자민(fenpyrazamine),
부코나졸(fenbuconazole), 펜퓨람(fenfuram), 펜프로피딘(fenpropidin), 펜프로피모프(fenpropimorph), 펜헥사미드(fenhexamid), 폴펫(folpet), 프탈리드(phthalide), 부피리메이트(bupirimate), 퓨베리다졸(fuberidazole), 블라스티사이진-S(blasticidin-S), 퓨라메트피르(furametpyr), 퓨랄락실(furalaxyl), 퓨란카르복시산(furancarboxylic acid), 플루아지남(fluazinam), 플루인다피르(fluindapyr), 플루옥사스트로빈(fluoxastrobin), 플루옥사피프롤린(fluoxapiprolin), 플루오피콜리드(fluopicolide), 플루오피모미드(fluopimomide), 플루오피람(fluopyram), 플루오루이미드(fluoroimide), 플룩사피록사드(fluxapyroxad), 플루킨코나졸(fluquinconazole), 플루코나졸(furconazole), 플루코나졸·시스(furconazole-cis), 플루디옥소닐(fludioxonil), 플루실라졸(flusilazole), 플루술파미드(flusulfamide), 플루티아닐(flutianil), 플루톨라닐(flutolanil), 플루트리아폴(flutriafol), 플루페녹시스트로빈(flufenoxystrobin), 플루메토버(flumetover), 플루모프(flumorph), 프로키나지드(proquinazid), 프로클로라즈(prochloraz), 프로시미돈(procymidone), 프로티오카브(prothiocarb), 프로티오코나졸(prothioconazole), 브로노폴(bronopol), 프로파모카브염산염(propamocarb-hydrochloride), 프로피코나졸(propiconazole), 프로피네브(propineb), 프로베나졸(probenazole), 브로무코나졸(bromuconazole), 플로메토킨(flometoquin), 플로리릴피콕사미드(florylpicoxamid), 헥사코나졸(hexaconazole), 베날락실(benalaxyl), 베날락실·M(benalaxyl-M), 베노다닐(benodanil), 베노밀(benomyl), 페퓨라조에이트(pefurazoate), 펜코나졸(penconazole), 펜시쿠론(pencycuron), 벤조빈디플루피르(benzovindiflupyr), 벤티아졸(benthiazole), 벤티아발리카브이소프로필(benthiavalicarb-isopropyl), 펜티오피라드(penthiopyrad), 펜플루펜(penflufen), 보스칼리드(boscalid), 포세틸(fosetyl)(alminium, calcium, sodium), 폴리옥신(polyoxin), 폴리카르바메이트(polycarbamate), 보르도액(Bordeaux mixture), 만코제브(mancozeb), 만디프로파미드(mandipropamid), 만데스트로빈(mandestrobin), 만네브(maneb), 미클로부타닐(myclobutanil), 미네랄 ㅇ오일(mineral oils), 밀디오마이신(mildiomycin), 메타술포카브(methasulfocarb), 메탐(metam), 메탈락실(metalaxyl), 메탈락실·M(metalaxyl-M), 메티람(metiram), 메틸테트라프롤(metyltetraprole), 메토코나졸(metconazole), 메토미노스트로빈(metominostrobin), 메톨라페논(metrafenone), 메파니피림(mepanipyrim), 메펜트리플루코나졸(mefentrifluconazole), 메프틸디노캡(meptyldinocap), 메프로닐(mepronil), 아이오도카브(iodocarb), 라미나린(laminarin), 아인산 및 염(phosphorous acid and salts), 염기성 염화구리(copper oxychloride), 은(silver), 산화제1구리(cuprous oxide), 수산화제2구리(copper hydroxide), 탄산수소칼륨(potassium bicarbonate), 탄산수소나트륨(sodium bicarbonate), 유황(sulfur), 황산 옥시 퀴놀린(oxyquinoline sulfate), 황산구리(copper sulfate), (3,4-디클로로이소티아졸-5-일)메틸4-(tert-부틸)벤조산 에스테르(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1231214-23-5), BAF-045(코드번호), BAG-010(코드번호), UK-2A(코드번호), DBEDC(도데실벤젠술폰산 비스에틸렌디아민구리착염[II]), MIF-1002(코드번호), NF-180(코드번호), TPTA(아세트산 트리페닐주석), TPTC(트리페닐틴클로라이드), TPTH(수산화트리페닐주석), 비병원성 에르비니아·가로토보라.
또한, 본 발명에서 사용되는 농약 제제에는, 필요에 따라, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정에 더하여, 식물성장 조절 활성 성분을 함유시켜도 된다. 식물성장 조절 활성 성분을 함유시키는 경우의 배합량이나 배합 비율은, 당업자가 적절하게 설정할 수 있다. 식물성장 조절 활성 성분은 1종을 단독으로 사용해도 되고, 임의의 2종 이상을 조합하여 사용해도 된다. 식물성장 조절 활성 성분의 예는, 이하를 포함하지만, 이들로 한정되지 않는다: 1-메틸시클로프로펜(1-methylcyclopropene), 1-나프틸아세트아미드(1-naphthylacetamide), 2,6-디이소프로필나프탈렌(2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene), 4-CPA(4-클로로페녹시아세트산), 벤질아미노퓨린(benzylaminopurine), 안시미돌(ancymidol), 아비글리신(aviglycine), 카르보네(carvone), 클로르메쿼트(chlormequat), 클로프롭(cloprop), 클록시포낙(cloxyfonac), 클록시포낙·칼륨염(cloxyfonac-potassium), 시클라닐리드(cyclanilide), 시토키닌(cytokinins), 다미노지드(daminozide), 디케굴락(dikegulac), 디메티핀(dimethipin), 에테폰(ethephon), 에포콜레온(epocholeone), 에티클로제이트(ethychlozate), 플루메트랄린(flumetralin), 플루레놀(flurenol), 플루르프리미돌(flurprimidol), 프로니트리진(pronitridine), 포클로르페뉴론(forchlorfenuron), 지베렐린(gibberellins), 이나벤피드(inabenfide), 인돌아세트산(indole acetic acid), 인돌부티르산(indole butyric acid), 말레산 히드라지드(maleic hydrazide), 메플루이디드(mefluidide), 메피쿼트·클로라이드(mepiquat chloride), n-데실알코올(n-decanol), 파클로부트라졸(paclobutrazol), 프로헥사디온·칼슘염(prohexadione-calcium), 프로하이드로쟈스몬(prohydrojasmon), 신토펜(sintofen), 티디아주론(thidiazuron), 트리아콘타놀(triacontanol), 트리넥사팍·에틸(trinexapac-ethyl), 우니코나졸(uniconazole), 우니코나졸-P(uniconazole-P), 4-옥소-4-(2-페닐에틸)아미노부티르산(화학명, CAS등록번호: 1083-55-2), 과산화 칼슘.
제형이 수화제인 경우의 본 발명의 농약 제제의 바람직한 태양은, 농약 제제중, 10-90 wt%의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정, 5-20 wt%의 계면활성제 및 5-85 wt%의 고체 담체를 포함한다. 또한, 임의 선택으로, 0-80 wt%의 추가의 제초 활성 성분, 0-5 wt%의 결합제, 0-1 wt%의 착색제, 0-1 wt%의 소포제, 0-80 wt%의 독성경감제를 포함한다.
상기한 수화제를 제조하는 일태양은, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함한다. 농약 조제는, 그 일부 또는 전부를 상기 미분쇄 공정에서 첨가해도 되고, 그 일부 또는 전부, 예를 들면, 계면활성제를 미분쇄 공정 후에 첨가해도 된다. 수화제를 제조하기 위한 구체적인 방법으로서는, 예를 들면, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 상기 미분쇄한 피록사술폰의 주상 결정과 계면활성제와 고체 담체를 포함하는 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함하는 방법이 있다. 어느 공정에 있어서도, 공지 관용의 기술 및 장치를 사용할 수 있다.
제형이 과립 수화제인 경우의 농약 제제의 바람직한 태양은, 농약 제제 중, 10-90 wt%의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정, 5-20 wt%의 계면활성제 및 5-85 wt%의 고체 담체를 포함한다. 또한, 임의 선택으로, 0-80 wt%의 추가의 제초 활성 성분, 0-5 wt%의 결합제, 0-1 wt%의 착색제, 0-1 wt%의 소포제, 0-80 wt%의 독성경감제를 포함한다.
상기한 과립 수화제를 제조하는 일태양은, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체 또는 슬러리를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 원료 전체를 균일화하면서 약간량의 물을 첨가해서 반죽하는 혼련(混鍊) 공정과, 상기 공정에서 얻은 혼련물을 조립(造粒)하는 공정과, 상기 공정에서 얻은 조립물을 건조시키는 공정을 포함한다. 농약 조제는, 그 일부 또는 전부를 상기 미분쇄 공정에서 첨가해도 되고, 미분쇄 공정후에 첨가해도 된다. 예를 들면, 슬러리 첨가의 경우에는, 계면활성제 중 적어도 일부를 슬러리에 포함시켜 둘 수 있다. 과립 수화제를 제조하기 위한 구체적인 방법으로서는, 예를 들면, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체 또는 슬러리를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 상기 미분쇄한 피록사술폰의 주상 결정과 계면활성제와 고체 담체를 포함하는 원료 전체를 균일화하면서 약간량의 물을 첨가해서 반죽하는 혼련 공정과, 상기 공정에서 얻은 혼련물을 조립하는 공정과, 상기 공정에서 얻은 조립물을 건조시키는 공정을 포함하는 방법이 있다. 어느 공정에 있어서도, 공지 관용의 기술 및 장치를 사용할 수 있다.
제형이 수성 현탁제인 경우의 농약 제제의 바람직한 태양은, 농약 제제 중, 5-65 wt%의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정, 5-10 wt%의 계면활성제 및 30-90 wt%의 물을 포함한다. 또한, 임의 선택으로, 0-50 wt%의 추가의 제초 활성 성분, 0-15 wt%의 동결방지제, 0-1 wt%의 착색제, 0-3 wt%의 방부제, 0-5 wt%의 pH조정제, 0-1 wt%의 소포제, 0-5 wt%의 증점제, 0-50 wt%의 독성경감제를 포함한다. 나아가서는, 약효 향상이나 비중 조정등을 목적으로 하여, 0-20 wt%의 유성 분산매를 포함해도 된다.
상기한 수성 현탁제를 제조하는 일태양은, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 슬러리를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함한다. 또한, 별도의 태양에서는, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함한다. 농약 조제는, 그 일부 또는 전부를 상기 미분쇄 공정에서 첨가해도 되고, 미분쇄 공정후에 첨가해도 된다. 예를 들면, 슬러리 첨가의 경우에는, 물의 적어도 일부와 함께 계면활성제의 적어도 일부를 미리 첨가하여 슬러리를 조제하는 것이 바람직하다. 수성 현탁제를 제조하기 위한 구체적인 방법으로서는, 예를 들면, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 슬러리 또는 분체를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 상기 미분쇄한 피록사술폰의 주상 결정과 계면활성제와 물을 포함하는 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함하는 방법이 있다. 어느 공정에 있어서도, 공지 관용의 기술 및 장치를 사용할 수 있다.
제형이 유성 현탁제인 경우의 농약 제제의 바람직한 태양은, 농약 제제 중, 5-65 wt%의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정, 5-10 wt%의 계면활성제 및 30-90 wt%의 유성 분산매를 포함한다. 또한, 임의 선택으로, 0-50 wt%의 추가의 제초 활성 성분, 0-15 wt%의 동결방지제, 0-1 wt%의 착색제, 0-3 wt%의 방부제, 0-5 wt%의 pH조정제, 0-1 wt%의 소포제, 0-5 wt%의 증점제, 0-50 wt%의 독성경감제를 포함한다.
상기한 유성 현탁제를 제조하는 일태양은, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 슬러리를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함한다. 또한, 별도의 태양에서는, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함한다. 농약 조제는, 그 일부 또는 전부를 상기 미분쇄 공정에서 첨가해도 되고, 미분쇄 공정 후에 첨가해도 되지만, 슬러리 첨가의 경우에는, 유성 분산매 중 적어도 일부와 함께 계면활성제 중 적어도 일부를 미리 첨가하여 슬러리를 조제하는 것이 바람직하다. 유성 현탁제를 제조하기 위한 구체적인 방법으로서는, 예를 들면, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 슬러리 또는 분체를 미분쇄하는 공정과, 상기 미분쇄한 피록사술폰의 주상 결정과 계면활성제와 유성 분산매를 포함하는 원료 전체를 혼합하여 균일화하는 공정을 포함하는 방법이 있다. 어느 공정에 있어서도, 공지 관용의 기술 및 장치를 사용할 수 있다.
본 발명의 잡초의 방제 방법은, 이상 설명한 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정에서 토양 처리하는 토양 처리 공정을 포함하는 것이 중요하다. 상기 피록사술폰의 주상 결정은, 그 분쇄물이라도 된다. 상기 피록사술폰의 주상 결정은 또한, 전술한 바와 같은 농약 제제로 가공하여 사용해도 된다. 상기 토양 처리 공정은, 본 발명의 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을, 방제의 대상이 되는 잡초가 발아 전에 살포함으로써 행하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 발명의 잡초의 방제 방법은, 비농경지 또는 농경지 중 어디에도 적용할 수 있지만, 농경지, 특히 밭으로 되어 있는 땅인 것이 바람직하다. 토양 살포하는 방법은 특별히 제한되지 않고, 농약 제제의 제형에 의해 관행의 상법에 준하여 실시하면 된다.
본 발명의 방법으로 처리하는 토양은, 점토 함량 15% 미만이며 또한 모래 함량 65% 이상이다. 이러한 토양은, 실트 함량이 35% 이하이며, 20% 이하인 것이 바람직하다. 이러한 점토 함량, 실트 함량이나 모래 함량은, 예를 들면, 레이저 회절법 등으로 측정할 수 있다. 이러한 토양으로서는, 예를 들면, 사토(Sand), 양질 사토(Loamy Sand), 사양토(Sandy Loam)가 있다. 상기 토양은 국제토양학회에 의한 토성 구분에 기초한 것이다.
본 발명의 방법에서 처리하는 토양은, 습윤 경향인 것이 바람직하다. 구체적으로는, 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 토양 처리하고 이후, 7일간의 토양으로의 강우량의 누적이 15mm 이상인 것이 바람직하고, 30mm 이상인 것이 보다 바람직하고, 45mm 이상인 것이 특히 바람직하다.
본 발명의 잡초 방제 방법에 있어서는, 재배 작물은 특별히 한정되지 않지만, 밭이 되어 있는 땅에서 재배할 수 있는 작물이 바람직하고, 예로서, 옥수수, 벼, 밀, 듀럼밀, 보리, 호밀, 라이밀, 스펠트밀, 클럽밀, 귀리, 수수, 목화, 대두, 알팔파, 땅콩(낙화생), 강낭콩, 리마콩, 팥, 동부, 녹두, 우라드콩, 붉은강낭콩, 블랙그램, 깍지콩, 예팥, 나방콩, 완두콩, 병아리콩, 테파리콩, 누에콩, 비둘기콩, 메밀, 사탕무, 유채, 캐놀라, 해바라기, 사탕수수, 카사바, 참마, 오일 팜, 자트로파 커카스, 대마, 아마, 퀴노아, 홍화, 차나무, 뽕나무, 담배 등과 같은 작물의 재배 조건에 적합하다.
또한, 본 발명의 잡초 방제 방법에서의, 재배 작물의 품종은 특별히 한정되지 않지만, 이속사플루톨, 술코트리온, 메소트리온, 피라졸리네이트 등의 4-하이드록시페닐피루브산 디옥시게나제(4-HPPD) 저해제, 이마제타피르, 이마자목스, 티엔카르바존, 펜술푸론·메틸, 트리베뉴론 등의 아세트락트산 합성 효소(ALS )저해제, 글리포세이트 등의 5-에놀피르빌시킴산-3-인산(EPSP) 합성 효소 저해제, 글루포시네이트 등의 글루타민 합성 효소 저해제, 세톡시딤, 카잘로포프 등의 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase) 저해제, 플루미옥사진, 에피리페나실 등의 프로토포르피리노겐산화 효소(PPO) 저해제, 브로목시닐 등의 광화학계 II 저해제, 디캄바 및 2,4-D 등의 제초제에 대한 내성(耐性)이 고전적인 육종법 및 유전자재조합 기술에 의해 부여된 식물도 포함된다.
고전적인 육종법에 의해 내성이 부여된 작물의 예로서, 이마제타피르 등의 이미다졸리논계 ALS 저해형 제초제에 내성의 유채, 밀, 해바라기, 벼, 옥수수가 있고, Clearfield<등록상표>의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다.
마찬가지로, 고전적인 육종법에 의한 디펜술푸론·메틸 등의 술포닐우레아계 ALS 저해형 제초제에 내성의 대두가 있고, STS 대두의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로, 고전적인 육종법에 의한 술포닐우레아계 아세트락트산 합성 효소(ALS) 저해형 제초제에 내성의 소르검이 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로, 고전적인 육종법에 의한 티엔카르바존 내성의 아세트락트산 합성 효소(ALS) 저해형 제초제에 내성의 사탕무가 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로, 고전적인 육종법에 의해 트리온옥심계, 아릴옥시페녹시프로피온산계 제초제 등의 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase) 저해제에 내성이 부여된 유용식물의 예로서 SR콘(「PoastProtected<등록상표>corn」으로서도 알려져 있다)이나 카잘로포프 내성 밀 등이 있다. 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase) 저해제에 내성이 부여된 식물은 "Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America" 87권: 7175-7179페이지(1990년) 등에 기재되어 있다. 또한 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase) 저해제에 내성의 변이 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase)가 "Weed Science" 53권, 728-746페이지(2005년) 등에 보고되어 있고, 이와 같은 변이 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제유전자를 유전자재조합 기술에 의해 식물에 도입하거나 혹은 저항성 부여에 관한이변이를 작물 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase)에 도입함으로써, 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제 저해제에 내성의 식물을 생산할 수 있다. 나아가서는, 「Repairing the Genome's Spelling Mistakes」("Science" 285권: 316-318페이지(1999년, Gura T.저))의 키메라플라스티 기술로 대표되는 염기 치환 변이 도입 핵산을 식물 세포 내에 도입하여 작물(아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase)/제초제 표적) 유전자에 부위 특이적 아미노산 치환 변이를 일으킴으로써, 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제(ACCase) 저해제/제초제에 내성의 식물을 생산할 수 있다.
유전자재조합 기술에 의해 내성이 부여된 유용 식물의 예로서, 글리포세이트 내성의 옥수수, 대두, 목화, 유채, 사탕무, 알팔파 품종이 있으며, Roundup Ready<등록상표>, Roundup Ready 2<등록상표>, AgrisureGT<등록상표> 등의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 글루포시네이트 내성의 옥수수, 대두, 목화, 유채 품종이 있으며, LibertyLink<등록상표> 등의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 브로목시닐 내성의 목화는 BXN의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 동일하게 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 HPPD 저해제 내성의 대두가, 메소트리온 및 글루포시네이트에 내성을 가지는 품종으로서 Herbicide-tolerant Soybean line의 상품명으로, 또한 HPPD 저해제, 글리포세이트 및 글루포시네이트에 내성을 가지는 품종으로서 Credenz<등록상표> 등의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 2,4-D 또는 ACCase 저해제 내성의 옥수수, 대두, 목화가 Enlist<등록상표> 등의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 디캄바 내성의 대두가, 디캄바 및 글리포세이트의 내성을 가지는 품종으로서 Roundup Ready 2 Xtend<등록상표> 등의 상품명으로 이미 판매되고 있다. 마찬가지로 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 HPPD 저해제 내성에 의해, 이속사플루톨 등의 HPPD 저해제에 내성을 가지고, 또한 선충에도 내성을 가지는 대두 품종이, GMB151로서 미국에서 등록을 완료한 상태이다.
제초제에 대한 내성이 개변된 새로운 식물이 널리 알려져 있고, 예를 들면, 글리포세이트에 대하여 내성을 가지는 알팔파, 사과, 보리, 유칼립투스, 아마, 포도, 렌즈콩, 유채, 완두콩, 감자, 벼, 사탕무, 해바라기, 담배, 토마토, 잔디풀 및 밀(예를 들면, US5188642, US4940835, US5633435, US5804425, US5627061을 참조), 디캄바에 대하여 내성을 가지는 콩, 목화, 대두, 완두콩, 감자, 해바라기, 토마토, 담배, 옥수수, 소르검 및 사탕수수(예를 들면, WO2008/051633, US7105724 및 US5670454를 참조), 글루포시네이트에 대하여 내성을 가지는 대두, 사탕무, 감자, 토마토 및 담배(예를 들면, US6376754, US5646024, US5561236을 참조), 2,4-D에 대하여 내성을 가지는 목화, 페퍼류, 사과, 토마토, 해바라기, 담배, 감자, 옥수수, 오이, 밀, 대두, 소르검 및 잡곡류(예를 들면, US6153401, US6100446, WO2005/107437, US5608147 및 US5670454을 참조), ALS 저해 제초제(예를 들면, 술포닐우레아계 제초제, 또는 이미다졸리논계 제초제)에 대하여 내성을 가지는 캐놀라, 옥수수, 피, 보리, 목화, 겨자, 양상추, 렌즈콩, 멜론, 조, 귀리, 유채, 감자, 벼, 호밀, 소르검, 대두, 사탕무, 해바라기, 담배, 토마토 및 밀(예를 들면, US5013659, WO2006/060634, US4761373, US5304732, US6211438, US6211439 및 US6222100을 참조), 특히 이미다졸리논계 제초제에 내성을 가지는 벼가 알려져 있고, 아세트락트산 합성 효소 유전자에 특정한 변이(예를 들면, S653N, S654K, A122T, S653(At)N, S654(At)K, A122(At)T)를 가지는 벼(예를 들면, US2003/0217381A, WO2005/020673을 참조), HPPD 저해 제초제(예를 들면, 이속사플루톨 등의 이소옥사졸계 제초제, 술코트리온, 메소트리온 등의 트리케톤계 제초제, 및 피라졸리네이트 등의 피라졸계 제초제) 또는 이속사플루톨의 분해산물의 디케토니토릴에 대하여 내성을 가지는 보리, 사탕수수, 벼, 옥수수, 담배, 대두, 목화, 유채, 사탕무, 밀 및 감자(예를 들면, WO2004/055191, WO1996/038567, WO1997/049816 및 US6791014를 참조), 및 PPO 저해 제초제에 대하여 내성을 가지는 밀, 대두, 목화, 사탕무, 유채, 벼, 옥수수, 소르검, 사탕수수 및 사탕무(예를 들면, US2002/0073443A, US2008/0052798A, "Pest Management Science" 61권: 277-285페이지(2005년)를 참조)이 있다.
종래형의 품종 개량 기술, 또는, 게놈 육종 기술에 의해 제초제 내성이 부여된 식물로서, 예를 들면, 이마제타피르, 이마자목스 등의 이미다졸리논계 ALS 저해형 제초제에 내성을 가지는 벼「Clearfield<등록상표>Rice」, 밀「Clearfield<등록상표>Wheat」, 해바라기「Clearfield<등록상표>Sunflower」, 렌즈콩「Clearfield<등록상표>lentils」 및 캐놀라「Clearfield<등록상표>canola」, 디펜술푸론·메틸 등의 술포닐우레아계 ALS 저해형 제초제에 내성을 가지는 대두「STS soybean」, 트리온옥심계 제초제, 아릴옥시페녹시프로피온산계 제초제 등의 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제 저해제에 내성을 가지는 옥수수「SR corn」, 트리베뉴론 등의 술포닐우레아계 제초제에 내성을 가지는 해바라기「ExpressSun<등록상표>」, 카잘로포프 등의 아세틸 CoA 카르복실라제 저해제에 내성을 가지는 벼「Provisia<등록상표>Rice」, 및 광화학계 II 저해제에 내성을 가지는 캐놀라「Triazine Tolerant Canola」, 이미다졸리논계 제초제에 내성을 가지는 소르검「Igrowth<등록상표>」이 있다.
게놈 편집 기술에 의해 제초제 내성이 부여된 식물로서, 신속한 품종 개발 기술(Rapid Trait Development System, RTDS<등록상표>)을 사용한 술포닐우레아계 제초제 내성을 가지는 캐놀라「SU Canola(<등록상표>)」를 예로 들 수 있다. 게놈 편집 기술이란, 서열 특이적으로 유전 정보를 변환하는 기술이며, 염기서열의 결실, 아미노산서열의 치환, 외래유전자의 도입 등이 가능하다. RTDS<등록상표>는, 게놈 편집 기술의 올리고 뉴클레오티드 지향형 돌연변이 도입에 해당하고, Gene Repair OligoNucleotide(GRON) 즉, DNA와 RNA의 키메라올리고뉴클레오티드를 통하여고, 식물 중의 DNA를 절단하지 않고 변이를 도입할 수 있는 기술이다. 그 외의 예로서는, 징크핑거뉴클레아제를 사용하여 내인성 유전자 IPK1을 결실시킴으로써 제초제 내성 및 피트산산 함유량을 저감시킨 옥수수(예를 들면, "Nature" 459권: 437-441페이지(2009년)를 참조), 크리스퍼·캐스나인을 사용하여 제초제 내성을 부여된 벼(예를 들면, "Rice" 7권: 5페이지(2014년)를 참조)를 들 수 있다.
신육종 기술에 의해 제초제 내성이 부여된 식물로서, 예를 들면, 접목을 이용한 품종 개량 기술을 사용하여, GM접본이 가지는 성질을 접지한 부여된 대두가 있다. 구체적으로는, 글리포세이트 내성을 가지는 Roundup Ready<등록상표>, 대두를 접본으로서 사용하여, 비(非)트랜스제닉 대두 접지에 글리포세이트 내성을 부여한 대두("Weed Technology" 27권: 412페이지(2013년)를 참조)를 예로 들 수 있다.
상기 「유용 식물」에는, 유전자재조합 기술을 사용하여, 예를 들면, 바실러스속으로 알려져 있는 선택적 독소 등을 합성하는 것이 가능하게 된 식물도 포함된다.
이와 같은 유전자재조합 식물에서 발현되는 살충성 독소로서는, 예를 들면, 바실러스 세레우스(Bacillus cereus)나 바실러스 포필리애(Bacillus popilliae) 유래의 살충성 단백; 바실러스 튜린겐시스(Bacillus thuringiensis) 유래의 Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry14Ab-1, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 또는 Cry9C 등의 δ-엔토톡신 단백질, VIP1, VIP2, VIP3 또는 VIP3A 등의 살충성 단백질; 선충 유래의 살충성 단백질; 전갈 독소, 거미 독소, 벌 독소 또는 곤충 특이적 신경독소 등의 동물에 의해 발생되는 독소; 사상균류 독소; 식물 렉틴; 응집소(agglutinin); 트립신 저해제, 세린프로테아제 저해제, 파타틴, 시스타틴, 파파인 저해제 등의 프로테아제 저해제; 리신, 옥수수-RIP, 아브린, 사포린, 브리오딘 등의 리보솜 불활성화 단백질(RIP); 3-하이드록시스테로이드옥시다제, 엑디스테로이드-UDP-글루코실트랜스페라제, 콜레스테롤옥시다제 등의 스테로이드 대사 효소; 엑디손 저해제; HMG-CoA 리덕타제; 나트륨채널 저해제, 칼슘채널 저해제 등의 이온채널 저해제; 유약호르몬 에스테라제; 이뇨호르몬 수용체; 스틸벤신타제; 비벤질신타제; 기티나제; 글루카나제 등이 있다.
또한, 이와 같은 유전자재조합 식물에서 발현되는 독소로서, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry14Ab-1, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1, Cry9C, Cry34A, Cry34Ab 또는 Cry35Ab 등의δ-엔토톡신 단백질, VIP1, VIP2, VIP3 또는 VIP3A 등의 살충성 단백질의 하이브리드 독소, 일부를 결손한 독소, 수식(修飾)된 독소도 포함된다. 하이브리드 독소는 재조합 기술을 사용하여, 이들 단백질의 상이한 도메인이 새로운 조합에 의해 만들어진다. 일부를 결손한 독소로서는, 아미노산서열의 일부를 결손한 Cry1Ab가 알려져 있다. 수식된 독소로서는, 천연형 독소의 아미노산의 1개 또는 복수가 치환되어 있다.
이들 독소의 예 및 이들 독소를 합성하는 수 있는 재조합 식물은, 예를 들면, EP0374753A, WO93/007278, WO95/034656, EP0427529A, EP0451878A, WO03/052073 등의 특허문헌에 기재되어 있다. 이 재조합 식물에 포함되는 독소는, 특히, 딱정벌레목 해충, 쌍시목 해충, 인시목 해충에 대한 내성을 식물에 부여한다.
또한, 1개 혹은 복수의 살충성의 해충저항성 유전자를 포함하고, 1개 또는 복수의 독소를 발현하는 유전자재조합 식물은 이미 알려져 있고, 몇 개는 시판되고 있다. 이들 유전자재조합 식물의 예로서, YieldGard<등록상표>(Cry1Ab 독소를 발현하는 옥수수 품종), YieldGard Rootworm<등록상표>(Cry3Bb1 독소를 발현하는 옥수수 품종), YieldGard Plus<등록상표>(Cry1Ab와 Cry3Bb1 독소를 발현하는 옥수수 품종), Herculex I<등록상표>(Cry1Fa2 독소와 글루포시네이트에 대한 내성을 부여하기 위한 포스피노토리신 N-아세틸트래스페라제(PAT)를 발현하는 옥수수 품종), NuCOTN33B<등록상표>(Cry1Ac 독소를 발현하는 목화 품종), Bollgard I<등록상표>(Cry1Ac 독소를 발현하는 목화 품종), Bollgard II<등록상표>(Cry1Ac와 Cry2Ab 독소를 발현하는 목화 품종), VIPCOT<등록상표>(VIP 독소를 발현하는 목화 품종), NewLeaf<등록상표>(Cry3A 독소를 발현하는 감자 품종), NatureGard<등록상표>Agrisure<등록상표>GT Advantage(GA21 글리포세이트 내성형질), Agrisure<등록상표>CB Advantage(Bt11 조명충나방(CB) 형질), Protecta<등록상표> 등이 있다.
상기 유용식물에는, 유전자재조합 기술을 사용하여, 선택적인 작용을 가지는항병원성 물질을 생산하는 능력이 부여된 것도 포함된다.
항병원성 물질로서는, 예를 들면, PR 단백질(PRPs, EP0392225A에 기재되어 있음); 나트륨채널 저해제, 칼슘채널 저해제(바이러스가 생산하는 KP1, KP4, KP6 독소 등이 알려져 있음) 등의 이온채널 저해제; 스틸벤신타제; 비벤질신타제; 기티나제; 글루카나제; 펩티드 항생 물질, 헤테로환을 가지는 항생 물질, 식물병해 저항성에 관여하는 단백질 인자(식물병해 저항성 유전자로 불리우며, WO03/000906에 기재되어 있음) 등의 미생물이 생산하는 물질 등이 있다. 이와 같은 항병원성물질과 그것을 생산하는 유전자재조합 식물은, EP0392225A, WO95/033818, EP0353191A 등에 기재되어 있다.
상기 유용식물에는, 유전자재조합 기술을 사용하여, 유량 성분 개질이나 아미노산 함량 증강 형질 등의 유용형질을 부여한 작물도 포함된다. 예들 들어, VISTIVE<등록상표>(리놀렌함량을 저감시킨 저리놀렌 대두 혹은, high-lysine(high oil) corn(리진 혹은 오일 함유량을 증량한 콘) 등이 있다.
상기 유용식물에는, 유전자재조합 기술을 사용하여, 건조 내성 등의 유용형질을 부여하고, 수량을 유지·증가한 작물도 포함된다. 예를 들어, DroughtGard<등록상표>(건조 내성을 부여한 콘) 등이 있다.
본 발명의 잡초의 방제 방법은, 기존의 제초제에 저항성을 획득한, 상기에 예시한 잡초 등에도 방제 효과를 나타낸다. 또한, 본 발명의 잡초의 방제 방법은, 유전자재조합, 인공교배 등으로 해충내성, 병해내성, 제초제 내성 등의 특성을 획득한 식물에 사용할 수도 있다.
본 발명에 있어서, 육종법 또는 유전자재조합 기술에 의해 내성이 부여된 식물로서는, 고전적인 품종교배에 의한 내성 부여, 유전자재조합 기술에 의한 내성 부여뿐만 아니라, 지금까지의 교배 기술에 분자생물학적인 방법을 조합한 신육종 기술(New Plant Breeding Techniques, NBTs)에 의해 내성 부여된 식물도 포함한다. 신육종 기술(NBTs)이란, 분자생물학적인 방법을 조합한 품종개량(육종) 기술의 총칭이다. 신육종 기술(NBTs)은 서적 「새로운 식물육종 기술을 이해하는 방법」(2013년, 국제문헌사: 오사와(大澤) 료(良), 에즈라(江面) 히로시(浩) 저), 리뷰 기사 「Genome Editing Tools in Plants」("Genes" 8권: 399페이지(2017년, Tapan Kumar Mohanta, Tufail Bashir, Abeer Hashem, Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah and Hanhong Bae 저)) 등에 기재되어 있다. 상기한 신육종 기술로서, 예를 들면, 게놈 육종 기술, 게놈 편집 기술이 있다. 게놈 육종 기술이란, 게놈 정보를 사용하여 육종을 효율화하기 위한 기술이며, DNA 마커(게놈 마커 또는 유전자 마커라고도 함) 육종 기술 및 게노믹셀렉션을 포함한다. 예를 들면, DNA 마커 육종은, 특정한 유용형질 유전자의 게놈 상의 존재 위치의 표식이 되는 DNA서열인 DNA 마커를 사용하여, 다수의 교배 후대부터 목정하는 유용 형질유전자를 가지는 후대를 선발하는 방법이다. 교배 후대를 유식물 시에 DNA 마커를 사용하여 해석함으로써, 육종에 필요로 하는 시간을 효과적으로 단축할 수 있는 특징을 가진다.
또한, 게노믹셀렉션은, 사전에 입수한 표현형과 게놈 정보로부터 예측식을 작성하고, 예측식과 게놈 정보로부터 표현형의 평가를 행하지 않고 특성을 예측하는 방법이며, 육종의 효율화에 기여할 수 있는 기술이다. 신육종 기술(NBTs)로서는, 예를 들면, 시스졔네시스/인트라제네시스, 올리고뉴클레오티드 지향형 돌연변이 도입, RNA 의존성 DNA 메틸화, 게놈 편집, GM 접본 또는 접지로의 접목, 역육종, 아그로인필트레이션, 종자생산기술(Seed Production Technology, SPT) 등의 기술이 있다. 게놈 편집 기술의 툴로서, 예를 들면, 서열 특이적인 절단이 가능한 징크핑거뉴클레아제(Zinc-Finger Nucleases, ZFN, ZFNs), 탈렌(TALEN), 크리스퍼·캐스나인(CRISPR/Cas9), 크리스퍼·시피에프 1(CRISPER/Cpf1) 및 메가뉴클레아제(Meganuclease)가 있다. 또한, 전술한 툴을 개변해서 작성된 CAS9 니카제 및 Target-AID 등의 서열 특이적인 게놈 수식 기술이 있다.
나아가서는, 상기한 고전적인 제초제 형질 혹은 제초제 내성 유전자, 살충성 해충저항성 유전자, 항병원성물질 발생 유전자, 유량 성분 개질, 아미노산 함량 증강 형질, 건조 내성 형질 등의 유용형질에 대하여, 이들을 복수 조합한 스택 품종도 포함된다.
실시예
이하, 본 발명을 실시예 및 시험예에서 상세하게 설명하지만, 본 발명은 이들 실시예에 의해 전혀 제약되지 않는다.
[제제예 1]
특허문헌 2의 실시예 3-1에 기재된 방법으로 얻은 피록사술폰의 주상 결정 50질량부, 폴리카르복시산염 8질량부, 폴리옥시에틸렌디스티릴페닐에테르황산염 5부, 알킬벤젠술폰산염 1부 및 잔부(殘部)에 클레이를 첨가해서 전체를 100질량부로 하고, 충격식 분쇄기를 사용하여 혼합 분쇄하여, 수화제를 얻었다.
[제제예 2]
피록사술폰의 침상 결정 50질량부, 폴리카르복시산염 8질량부, 폴리옥시에틸렌디스티릴페닐에테르황산염 5부, 알킬벤젠술폰산염 1부 및 잔부에 클레를 첨가해서 전체를 100질량부로 하고, 충격식 분쇄기를 사용하여 혼합 분쇄하여, 수화제를 얻었다.
[실시예 1]
평균 25℃(최고 30℃, 최저 25℃)의 온실 내에 있어서, 세로, 폭, 깊이가 각각 11cm인 플라스틱 포트에 사양토(모래 70.3%, 실트 17.3%, 점토 12.4%)를 충전하고, 돌피(Echinochloa crus-galli) 종자를 15개와 털비름(Amaranthus retoflexus) 종자를 20개 파종하고, 그 위로부터 같은 토양을 1cm의 두께로 복토했다. 그 후, 제제예 1의 수화제를, 1헥타르당의 피록사술폰량이 22.5g으로 되도록 칭량하고, 물로 희석하고, 1헥타르당 200리터의 살포 수량(水量)으로 소형분무기를 사용하여 토양 표면에 균일하게 토양 살포했다. 약제 처리 당일, 다음날, 2일 후에 인공 강우 장치로 10mm씩, 누적 30mm의 강우를 인공적으로 부여했다. 그 후, 돌피와 털비름를 육성(育成)하고, 처리 15일 후, 20일 후 및 29일 후에 돌피와 털비름의 생육 상황을 조사하고, 생육 억제 정도를 무처리구 비백분률로 측정했다. 동일한 시험을 3회 실제로 행하고, 각 회의 평균을 구하고, 대표값으로 했다.
[비교예 1]
제제예 1의 수화제 대신 제제예 2의 수화제를 사용한 것 외에는 실시예 1과 동일하게 하여, 돌피와 털비름의 생육 상황을 조사했다.
실시예 1 및 비교예 1의 결과를 표 1 및 표 2에 나타낸다.
[표 1]
[표 2]
Claims (4)
- 피록사술폰의 주상(柱狀) 결정을, 점토 함량이 15% 미만이며 또한 모래 함량이 65% 이상인 토양에 처리하는, 잡초의 방제 방법.
- 피록사술폰의 주상 결정을 포함하는 분체(粉體) 또는 슬러리를 미분쇄(微粉碎)하는 공정을 거쳐 얻어진 농약 제제를, 점토 함량이 15% 미만이며 또한 모래 함량이 65% 이상인 토양에 처리하는, 잡초의 방제 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,
상기 농약 제제가, 수화제, 과립 수화제, 수성 현탁제 또는 유성 현탁제인, 방법. - 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 토양으로의 처리 후 7일간의 강우량의 누적이 15mm 이상인, 방법.
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KR (1) | KR20230131929A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN116801721A (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2022211738A1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA3203529A1 (ko) |
CL (1) | CL2023001978A1 (ko) |
IL (1) | IL304539A (ko) |
MX (1) | MX2023007843A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2022158500A1 (ko) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002062770A1 (fr) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-15 | Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Derive d'isoxazoline et herbicide comprenant ledit derive en tant que substance active |
WO2021002484A2 (ja) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-01-07 | クミアイ化学工業株式会社 | 除草剤及びその中間体の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1995021B (zh) * | 2002-08-01 | 2010-09-08 | 庵原化学工业株式会社 | 吡唑衍生物的生产方法 |
AR121018A1 (es) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-04-06 | Adama Agan Ltd | Forma en estado sólido de piroxasulfona |
-
2022
- 2022-01-19 AU AU2022211738A patent/AU2022211738A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-19 KR KR1020237027940A patent/KR20230131929A/ko unknown
- 2022-01-19 WO PCT/JP2022/001868 patent/WO2022158500A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-01-19 CA CA3203529A patent/CA3203529A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-19 CN CN202280010301.5A patent/CN116801721A/zh active Pending
- 2022-01-19 JP JP2022576728A patent/JPWO2022158500A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-01-19 US US18/272,493 patent/US20240138412A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-19 MX MX2023007843A patent/MX2023007843A/es unknown
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2023
- 2023-07-04 CL CL2023001978A patent/CL2023001978A1/es unknown
- 2023-07-17 IL IL304539A patent/IL304539A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002062770A1 (fr) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-15 | Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Derive d'isoxazoline et herbicide comprenant ledit derive en tant que substance active |
WO2021002484A2 (ja) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-01-07 | クミアイ化学工業株式会社 | 除草剤及びその中間体の製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Yoshihiro Yamaji, Hisashi Honda, Masanori Kobayashi, Ryo Hanai, Jun Inoue저, 「Weed Control efficacy of a novel herbicide, pyroxasulfone」, 2014, Volume 39, Issues 3, Pages 165-169 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MX2023007843A (es) | 2023-07-07 |
IL304539A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
US20240138412A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
JPWO2022158500A1 (ko) | 2022-07-28 |
CA3203529A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
CL2023001978A1 (es) | 2024-02-16 |
WO2022158500A1 (ja) | 2022-07-28 |
AU2022211738A1 (en) | 2023-08-24 |
CN116801721A (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
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