KR20230087344A - Monitoring system for operation characteristics of Power Switches - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for monitoring the operating characteristics of a power switch, and the system for monitoring the operating characteristics of a power switch according to the present invention is impregnated into an existing insulator constituting the power switch in a circular, prismatic or pin-shaped structure, or An electrode sensor that is separately installed in the form of an electrode sensor module that can be separated and detached from the outside and detects an electrostatic voltage induced when the main contact of the power switch is moved; And based on the voltage value input from the electrode sensor, simultaneously calculating and displaying the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch, the opening and closing time of the three poles, the stroke, and the operating speed, and the operating characteristic limit range in which the calculated output value is set It is structurally characterized by including an integrated monitoring means for outputting a control signal for alarm or lockdown in case of deviation.

Description

Monitoring system for operation characteristics of power switches {Monitoring system for operation characteristics of Power Switches}

The present invention relates to a system for monitoring the operating characteristics of a power switch, and more particularly, to ensure the switching and breaking performance during use, the switching time of each phase of the power switch, the opening and closing time when three poles are stationary, the stroke, and the operating speed. A system for monitoring operating characteristics of a switchgear for electric power capable of monitoring and controlling operating characteristics at the time of opening and closing in real time, and capable of monitoring and controlling from a remote location, and transmitting an output signal to the outside by detecting a sudden change in operating characteristic values. will be.

Switchgear for power refers to a device that configures, changes, opens and shuts off electric circuits in order to reliably perform the efficient linked distribution of power generated from a power plant to consumers, and is a general switch used for a single purpose. ) and a switchgear in which a circuit is composed of several switchgears and performs complex functions.

A general switch opens and closes the load current in the inspection section to check the line or load in the power system that supplies electricity, such as the transmission system or distribution system, cuts off the power supply, and stably resupplies the load current after the inspection is completed. Depending on the purpose of use, it is a circuit breaker (CB: Circuit Breaker), a load breaker (LBS: Load Breaker Switch), an automatic transfer switch (ATS), an automatic section switch (ASS) , Automatic Load Transfer Switch (ALTS), Earth Switch (ES), and Disconnect Switch.

General switchgear has Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) or Solid Insulated Switchgear depending on the insulation method. For the opening and closing of the underground cable, it is classified as an underground switchgear installed in a grounding metal box. Currently, mold-type solid insulated switchgear introduced to prevent global warming is generally used as overhead switchgear, and currently SF ₆ gas insulated switchgear and solid insulated switchgear are coexistingly used as underground switchgear, but will soon be replaced by eco-friendly insulated gas switchgear. is scheduled

In terms of the method of extinguishing the arc generated when opening and closing the current, gas insulated switches using SF ₆ gas with excellent extinguishing performance as an arc extinguishing medium have been mainly used in the past, but global warming due to the use of SF ₆ gas As the problem is raised, after the solid insulation switching method was developed to solve the problem, a method using a vacuum interrupter is generally applied.

In general, a gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is a complex switchgear that protects lines safely in abnormal conditions such as accidents or short circuits as well as switching load currents under normal operating conditions in power systems. CB), Disconnecting Switch (DS), Earth Switch (ES), Potential Transformer (PT), Current Transformer (CT), Lighting Arrester (LA), Bus ( BUS) and the like are contained in a sealed metallic enclosure filled with an insulating gas such as SF ₆ gas, CO ₂ , g3, and dry air.

The hardware technology for power switchgear is already in the completion stage, and recently, the focus is on developing eco-friendly technologies such as dry air insulation, epoxy insulation, and eco-friendly vacuum interrupter block capacity technology. The application of efficient methods for asset management of power facilities for maintenance and replacement of facilities is being actively pursued.

As the number of opening and closing operations increases according to the period in which the power switch is applied to the system and used, the switching time of each phase of the power switch, 3 poles In case of immobility, operation characteristic values during opening/closing such as opening/closing time, stroke, and operating speed change. If the power switch has different operating characteristics from when it was initially installed and does not operate properly, the ability to open and close and cut off deteriorates, leading to damage to power facilities and major failures, making it impossible to stably supply power to consumers. It is very important to monitor and diagnose the operation characteristics during opening and closing.

When evaluating the soundness of power facilities, technical assessments are made through regular inspections to determine the condition of facilities and online preventive diagnosis through the use of sensors. The main inspection items of power switchgear include the main circuit characteristics of power facilities (insulation resistance, contact resistance) and switchgear operation characteristics (opening/closing time, opening/closing time when 3 poles are stationary, stroke, operating speed), which are currently classified as preventive diagnosis items. includes gas condition monitoring (moisture content, purity, amount of SO ₂ in gas), partial discharge measurement, etc. However, since the inspection of the power switch is performed in a power failure (no voltage) state, power supply by the power line in which the switch is installed must be stopped. Therefore, a separate power line must be secured to continuously supply power to consumers. In addition, since all power lines cannot be cut off at the same time, inspections must be performed step by step, which increases human and time costs.

Therefore, monitoring technology that can monitor and diagnose operating characteristics such as opening and closing time of each phase of power switchgear, opening and closing time of three poles floating, stroke, and operating speed in real time by utilizing various types of sensors in the operating state where voltage is applied. development and application are urgently required. The operating state data of the power switch collected in real time through the sensor can be used for health evaluation and analysis of the power switch through comparison analysis with the initial data and the collected data, and the analyzed data is sent to the asset owner or manager. Not only does it provide information that can determine the shutdown and maintenance of facilities, but it can also be used as information to give accurate work instructions to field workers.

1. Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0996138 (November 17, 2010) 2. Republic of Korea Utility Model Registration No. 20-0446550 (November 2, 2009) 3. Korean Utility Model Registration No. 20-0418998 (June 9, 2006)

An object of the present invention is to install an electrode sensor impregnated inside a solid insulator, which is a component of a power switchgear, or to install a separate detachable sensing electrode sensor module outside, so that the spatial Based on the characteristic that the voltage induced by the capacitance type electrode sensor changes according to the position change, the state change of operating characteristics such as the opening and closing time of each phase of the operating power switch, the opening and closing time of three poles floating, stroke, and operating speed An object of the present invention is to provide a system for monitoring and diagnosing operating characteristics of a power switch that can monitor and diagnose in real time and output a control signal for alarming and locking when the operating characteristics of the power switch rapidly change.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for monitoring operating characteristics of a power switch that can easily monitor and control the operating characteristics of a power switch even in a remote location as a communication module is mounted thereon to enable communication with an external computer in a remote location. is to do

The operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed in a circular, angular, and pin-shaped structure inside an insulating partition wall spacer between a circuit breaker and a cable connection part of an insulated switchgear, thereby controlling the operation of the circuit breaker. a capacitance-type electrode sensor for sensing a voltage induced when the movable electrode moves according to the position; and

It is installed in a circular, prismatic and pin-shaped structure inside the insulation barrier spacer between the 3-stage switchgear (disconnector) and the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear, so that the position of the movable electrode moves according to the operation of the 3-stage switchgear (disconnector). A capacitive electrode sensor for sensing a voltage to be; and

It is connected to the electrode sensors, respectively, and converts signals input from the electrode sensors into digital signals and calculates the opening and closing time of each phase of the circuit breaker and the three-stage switch (disconnector) of the switchgear, the opening and closing time when the three poles are stationary, the stroke, It is structurally characterized by including an integrated monitoring means for simultaneously calculating, diagnosing, and displaying the operating speed, and outputting a control signal for alarm or lockout when the calculated output value is out of the range of the operating characteristic limit of the set power switch.

The operation characteristic monitoring system of the power switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention is inside the epoxy insulator housing outside the switch (vacuum interrupter and blade-type contact) electrically connected to the primary side inlet of the general switch. and a capacitance-type electrode sensor installed in a circular, prismatic, and pin-shaped structure to detect a voltage induced when the main contact of the opening/closing part of a general switch moves up and down or rotationally. and

It is connected to the electrode sensor and converts and calculates the signals input from the electrode sensor into digital signals to simultaneously calculate, diagnose, and display the opening and closing time of each phase of a general switch, opening and closing time of three poles at the same time, stroke, and operating speed, It is characterized in that it includes an integrated monitoring means for outputting a control signal for alarm or lockdown when the calculated output value is out of the set operating characteristic limit range.

The operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch according to a third embodiment of the present invention is installed in the form of a separable and detachable structure on the outside of an insulating partition wall constituting a gas barrier of the power switch, and is organic during the opening and closing operation of the power switch. Electrode sensor module for sensing the voltage to be; and

It is connected to the electrode sensor module and converts and calculates the signals input from the electrode sensor module into digital signals to simultaneously calculate, diagnose, and It is characterized in that it includes an integrated monitoring means for displaying and outputting a control signal for alarm or lockout when the calculated output value is out of the set operating characteristic limit range.

The operating characteristic monitoring system of the power switchgear according to the present invention installs an electrode sensor of a circular, prismatic and pin-type structure impregnated inside a solid insulator, which is a component of a conventional power switchgear, or separately separated from the outside By installing a detachable sensing electrode sensor module, the operating characteristics of the power switch can be monitored and diagnosed in real time while the voltage is applied and operating.

The system for monitoring operating characteristics of a power switch according to the present invention digitally monitors operating characteristics such as the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch, opening and closing time when three poles are floating, stroke, and operating speed of the power switch in real time in a state in which voltage is applied and is in operation. It can be displayed in the form of values and graphs, and the operating characteristics of power switches can be monitored in real time from a remote location without the inspector moving to the place where the power switches are installed. In case of emergency, control signals for alarm and shutdown can be output for alarm and lockout control, and power switches can be replaced and maintained at an appropriate time to prevent accidents and accident spread in the power system and power devices in advance. System operation reliability can be secured.

The operating characteristic monitoring system of power switchgear according to the present invention can be used for asset management through soundness evaluation and analysis of power facilities through accumulation, collection, comparison, and analysis of data representing the operating characteristics of power switchgear. The collected data is used not only to provide information to the asset owner or manager to decide on shutdown and maintenance of the facility, but also to give accurate work instructions to field workers.

1 is a structural diagram of a general three-phase integrated gas insulated switchgear.
Figure 2a is a structural diagram of a three-stage switchgear of a general three-phase integrated gas insulated switchgear.
Figure 2b is a structural diagram of a three-stage switchgear of a general phase separation type gas insulated switchgear.
2C is a structural diagram of a circuit breaker of a general phase separation type gas insulated switchgear.
3 is a structural diagram of a general solid insulated switch.
4 is a conceptual diagram of a system for monitoring operating characteristics of a power switch according to the present invention.
5a is an example of applying the capacitance type electrode sensor of the monitoring system for operating characteristics of a power switch according to the present invention to a phase-separated gas insulated switchgear.
Figure 5b is an example of applying the capacitance type electrode sensor of the operating characteristics characteristic monitoring system of the power switch according to the present invention to the three-phase insulating bulkhead spacer of the three-phase integrated gas insulated switchgear.
5C is an example of applying the capacitance type electrode sensor of the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch according to the present invention to a solid insulated switch.
6a shows a system for monitoring the operating characteristics of a power switch according to the present invention, which replaces a part (one in the case of a phase separation type) of a recessed fitting (nut type) of an insulating partition wall spacer with an impregnated and insulated pin type electrode to direct blackout. This is an example of using it as a capacitive electrode sensor.
Figure 6b is a system for monitoring the operating characteristics of the power switch according to the present invention, by adding impregnated and insulated pin-type electrodes (one in the case of phase separation type) between the recessed fittings (nut-type) of the insulation barrier spacer to prevent static electricity This is an example of using it as a capacitive electrode sensor.
Figure 7a is an example of a separable and detachable capacitive electrode sensor module of the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch for application of a phase-separated gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention.
Figure 7b is an example of a separable and detachable capacitive electrode sensor module of the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch for applying a three-phase integrated gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention.
Figure 8a is a diagram showing the potential distribution and the induced voltage of the electrode sensor when the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear is open (DS / ES Open).
Figure 8b is a diagram showing the potential distribution and the induced voltage of the electrode sensor when the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear is in the disconnector closed (DS Close) state.
Figure 8c is a diagram showing the potential distribution and the induced voltage of the electrode sensor when the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear is in the ES Closed state.
Figure 9a is the induced voltage of the capacitance type electrode sensor that appears when the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention operates the disconnector closing (DS Close), disconnector opening (DS Open) and earthing switch closing (ES Close) operations It is a diagram showing the concept of measuring the opening and closing time of each phase using the change of
Figure 9b is a view showing the concept of measuring the opening and closing time when the three poles are not open and the opening and closing time when the three poles are open according to the operation of the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention.
10A is a diagram showing a potential distribution diagram and an induced voltage of an electrode sensor when a circuit breaker of a gas insulated switchgear is in an open state.
10B is a diagram showing a potential distribution diagram and an induced voltage of an electrode sensor when a circuit breaker of a gas insulated switchgear is in a closed state.
Figure 11a is a diagram showing the change in the induced voltage of the capacitance type electrode sensor according to the distance between the fixed contact point and the movable contact point when the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention operates from the closed state to the open state.
Figure 11b is a diagram showing the concept of measuring the operating stroke and speed of the circuit breaker when the gas insulated switchgear circuit breaker according to the present invention performs an opening and closing operation by receiving an operation command
12 is a schematic structural diagram showing the configuration of monitoring means for monitoring operating characteristics such as opening and closing times of each phase, simultaneous opening and closing times of three poles, stroke, and operating speed of a power switch according to the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them, will become clear with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and will be implemented in various different forms.

In this specification, this embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention, and to completely inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention to which the present invention belongs. And the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Thus, in some embodiments, well-known components, well-known operations and well-known techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the interpretation of the present invention.

Like reference numbers designate like elements throughout the specification. And, the terms used (mentioned) in this specification are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In this specification, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in a phrase. Also, elements and operations referred to as 'include (or include)' do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements and operations.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in this specification may be used in a meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not interpreted ideally or excessively unless they are defined. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b and 2c, a general gas insulated switchgear 100 is provided with an enclosure 10 forming a case and an inner upper end of the enclosure 10 through which a large current flows. It is partitioned by the bus part 20 including the main bus line 21 for connection of the incoming line and the support insulator supporting it, and the insulation partition spacer 80 located on the inside upper side of the enclosure 10, and the main bus line A fixed electrode 31 connected to (21), a ground electrode 33 connected to the ground, and a movable electrode 35 selectively connected to them The role of a disconnect switch (DS: Disconnect Switch) that enables the separation and connection of lines in a no-voltage state and the two parts of an earth switch (ES: Earth Switch) used for ground switching operation for maintenance and inspection A three-stage switching unit 30 that plays a branch role, a circuit breaker unit 40 that is partitioned in the inner center and protects load devices and lines from large fault currents such as short circuits and ground faults that can occur in circuits, and distribution lines It comprises a cable connection part 50 to which is connected, and a control panel 60 for operation, control, measurement and monitoring of the gas insulated switchgear.

All electrically charged conductors located in the sealed enclosure 10 of the gas insulated switchgear 100 are electrically insulated by the insulating gas 70 filled therein, and each component is electrically insulated by the insulating bulkhead spacer 80. Gas compartments are divided, so that the spread of an accident in an arbitrary component to other components can be minimized. In addition, the enclosure 10 made of metal is connected to an external ground and electrically maintained in a grounded state, so that the operator's safety can be ensured during inspection, maintenance, and repair of the switchgear.

The circuit breaker 40 of the gas insulated switchgear 100 is formed in a compartment in the enclosure 10 of the gas insulated switchgear 100 filled with insulating gas 70, and the three-stage switchgear 30 and the cable connection part 50 ) to protect load devices and lines from faulty currents, and are classified into vacuum circuit breakers and gas circuit breakers according to the arc extinguishing medium that occurs when opening and closing. ₆ Gas circuit breakers using gas as an arc extinguishing medium are mainly used, and vacuum interrupters with excellent arc extinguishing and insulation performance are mainly used in the distribution voltage class with a rated voltage less than that.

As shown in FIG. 2C, in the case of the breaker unit 40 of the gas insulated switchgear composed of a vacuum interrupter, the fixed electrode unit 142 and the movable electrode unit 142 are inside a cylindrical ceramic insulation tube 141 sealed in a vacuum. The electrode unit 143 is coaxially arranged, attached to the inner wall of the ceramic insulating tube 141, and metallic ions emitted by the arc generation by the switching operation of the contact are attached to the inner wall of the ceramic insulating tube 141 to improve insulation performance. It includes a shielding plate 145 to prevent degradation.

The circuit breaker unit 40 composed of the solid insulated switch shown in FIG. 3 includes an epoxy insulator housing 127 largely molded of polymer and a vacuum valve 122 bound by molding to the inside of the polymer epoxy insulator housing 127. And, an insulating rod 126 connecting the vacuum interrupter with the manipulator (not shown), a primary conductor 121 for electrical connection with the power supply side, a secondary conductor 120 for electrical connection and connection with the load side, It is configured to include components such as a winding-type current transformer 125 for measuring load current, a primary side voltage detection sensor 123 and a secondary side voltage detection sensor 124 for voltage detection. The opening and closing operation of the solid insulated switchgear is performed by a manual operation method using a manual operation handle and an electric motor operation using an electric motor. ) is transmitted to a power transmission device (not shown), and the power transmission device converts clockwise or counterclockwise rotational power into vertical opening/closing driving force and transmits it to the insulating rod 246 so that the switch main contact at the bottom It is driven to perform an opening and closing operation.

Since the power system is composed of three-phase alternating current to efficiently supply electrical energy, all electrical facilities such as switchgear and general switchgear used in the system are also composed of three-phase form. Generally, a power switch used in a power system performs an opening/closing operation by operating the movable electrode 35 in three phases through one manipulator in an external control panel. Among the operating characteristics for performance evaluation of power switchgear, the main factors are the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch, opening and closing time when three poles are stationary, stroke, and operating speed.

Power switches that are remotely opened/closed by on-site or communication means must complete the opening/closing operation within the specified opening and closing time when an opening/closing operation signal is given, and at the same time exceed the opening/closing time specified in the standard for 3-pole floating You shouldn't. The opening and closing time of the power switch when 3 poles are stationary is the link length of each phase and the assembly tolerances that occur when assembling mechanical actuator components such as levers, shafts, and rods, and electrical and mechanical electrical and mechanical It refers to the difference in the operating time of each phase of the power switch that occurs due to a defect. Diagnosis is required.

Prior to application to the power system, the power switch sets the lower and upper limits of the size of the control power during the development test, and measures the operation characteristics such as the opening and closing time of each phase, the opening and closing time of three poles, stroke, and operating speed to verify the performance in advance. However, since it is continuously used after applying the system, it is difficult to diagnose the operating characteristics during operation due to electrical and mechanical defects that occur during operation. As a supplementary measure for this, KEPCO is currently conducting maintenance of power switches by measuring the operating characteristics in the operation stop state where no voltage is applied according to the short-term, mid-term and long-term inspection schedules according to the operating guidelines.

If the main contact point of the power switch is severely worn due to long-term use, the switch's insulation performance may deteriorate and the operating characteristics may change. It may adversely affect the basic physical and chemical properties of the insulation. In addition, it may develop into a major electrical accident as the electrode is separated from its normal position by the electromagnetic force generated when a large current is applied by causing a lack of pressure point force between the contacts. It is necessary to apply a technology capable of monitoring and diagnosing the state of operating characteristics during the opening and closing of power switchgear in real time even during operation.

As shown in FIG. 4, the operating characteristic monitoring system of the power switch according to the present invention measures the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch in real time in a pressurized operation state, the opening and closing time of three poles floating, stroke, and operating speed. By measuring and calculating operating characteristics, and outputting a control signal for alarm or lockdown when the measured value is out of the preset safe range, an alarm sound is output to the outside through an alarm means so that the manager can take appropriate action. The operation of the power switch can be automatically prohibited by the locking means so that serious accidents caused by electrical and mechanical abnormalities of the power switch can be prevented in advance.

Capacitance type electrode sensor unit for monitoring system for operating characteristics of a power switch It is installed in the form of an electrode sensor module having the structural characteristics of, and is electrically composed of a composite circuit of capacitance (C1, C2) formed sequentially between the main body of the power switch-electrode sensor, electrode sensor-enclosure, When the position of the movable electrode 35 is spatially changed by a control command, the voltage induced by the capacitance type electrode sensor is changed to change the opening and closing time of each phase of the operating power switch and the opening and closing time of the three poles at the same time. It is possible to monitor status changes of motion characteristics such as stroke, motion speed, etc. in real time.

As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, the internal electrode sensor impregnated with an insulator for monitoring and diagnosing the operating characteristics of the power switch can be configured in various forms depending on the type and structure of the power switch. there is.

As shown in FIG. 5A, in the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch such as a phase-separated gas insulated switchgear, an electrode sensor for a 3-stage switch is a single-phase insulating barrier between the 3-stage switch 30 and the circuit breaker 40. It is installed for each phase in the form of an annular or prismatic conductor inside the spacer 80, and the electrode sensor for the circuit breaker is annular or It is installed for each phase in the form of a prismatic conductor. As shown in FIG. 5B, in the case of a system for monitoring the operation characteristics of a power switch such as a three-phase integrated gas insulated switchgear, the electrode sensors are the three-stage switch unit 30, the circuit breaker unit 40, and the circuit breaker unit 40, respectively. And three annular or prismatic conductors are disposed in a structure configured collectively inside each one of the three-phase insulating barrier rib spacer 80 between the cable connection part 50. As shown in FIG. 5C, in the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch such as a solid insulated switch, an electrode sensor is an opening/closing unit (vacuum interrupter and blade-type contact) electrically connected to the primary side inlet 121 of the switch. It can be installed in the form of a ring or prismatic conductor inside the outer epoxy insulation housing 127 impregnated with.

In the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch such as a phase-separated gas insulated switchgear, as shown in FIG. It can be used as an electrode sensor, or as shown in FIG. 6B, it can be used as a capacitance-type electrode sensor by adding one impregnated and insulated pin-type electrode between the embedded fittings (nut-type) of the insulating barrier rib spacer. In the operating characteristic monitoring system of a power switch such as a three-phase integrated gas insulated switchgear, three of the fittings (nut type) of the insulation bulkhead spacer adjacent to the main conductor of each phase are insulated by the same method, and the power failure of each phase is directly It can be used as a capacitive electrode sensor, or it can be used as a capacitive electrode sensor for each phase by adding three pin-type electrodes that are impregnated and insulated between the recessed fittings (nut-type) of the insulating barrier rib spacer.

As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the separable and detachable electrode sensor module unit for monitoring and diagnosing the operating characteristics of the power switch has a ring structure that can be detached and attached to the outside of the insulating barrier rib spacer without changing the structure of the power switch. By installing an electrode sensor on each phase, it has a structural feature that can be easily installed and applied to existing switchgear as well as newly applied switchgear.

A system for monitoring operation characteristics of a power switch according to the present invention includes a capacitive electrode sensor for voltage sensing and an electrode sensor module configured in various forms according to the type of power switch as described above; and

It is connected to the electrode sensor, and converts and calculates the signals input from the electrode sensor into digital signals to simultaneously calculate, diagnose, and display the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch, opening and closing time, stroke, and operating speed of each phase of the power switch, , Including monitoring means that can output control signals for alarms or lockdowns when the calculated output value is out of the range of the set operation characteristics limits, and replacing and maintaining power switches at the right time to prevent accidents in the power system and power devices can be prevented in advance to secure the operation reliability of the system.

Figures 8a, 8b and 8c show the potential distribution of the gas insulated switchgear 3-stage switchgear by the finite element method and the induced voltage of the electrode sensor according to the present invention, respectively. When the switch is open (DS/ES Open) (Fig. 8a), when the disconnector is closed (DS Close) (Fig. 8b), and when the earth switch is closed (ES Close) (Fig. 8c), the operation of the switch It can be confirmed that the voltages induced by the capacitance type electrode sensor are different according to the spatial position change of the movable electrode according to FIG. If the induced voltage when the three-stage switch is in the open state is V _OPEN , the induced voltage when the disconnector is in the closed state is V _DSCL , and the induced voltage when the earth switch is in the closed state is V _ESCL , as shown, V _DSCL = 19.03 With %[V] _, V _OPEN =3.44%[V] _, V _ESCL = 0.00%[V], each value of V _DSCL, V _{OPEN, and} V _ESCL is exemplary, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and V _DSCL > It has a relationship of V _OPEN > V _ESCL , and it can be confirmed that the opening and closing time of the three-stage switch can be measured from the change in the induced voltage of the electrode sensor caused by the change in internal capacitance caused by the positional movement of the movable electrode.

Figure 9a is a basic measurement of the switching time of each phase using the change in the induced voltage of the capacitance type electrode sensor that appears when the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention operates with the disconnector closed, the disconnector opened, and the ground switch closed. The concept is shown, and FIG. 9B is a view showing the concept of measuring the opening and closing time during the three-pole non-concurrent operation during the closing operation and the three-pole non-concurrent opening and closing time during the opening operation according to the operation of the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear.

When the 3-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear is in the open state (DS/ES Open), when a command to close the disconnector is transmitted by the control switch, the motor for the manipulator is started and the force is applied through the external link interconnected with the movable electrode (35). is transmitted, the movable electrode of the power switch moves from the open position to the disconnector closed position. At this time, the operating current of the motor for the actuator of the power switch changes until the operation of the movable electrode 35 is completed, as shown in FIG. The values of the capacitance between the electrode sensors (C1) and the capacitance between the electrode sensor and the ground enclosure (C2) change, and the voltage induced to the electrode sensor is calculated from the voltage V _OPEN value of the electrode sensor at the open position. When the disconnector closing operation is completed by proceeding with the rising change, the voltage induced in the electrode sensor converges to the voltage value V _DSCL . When the power switch in the disconnector closed position receives the disconnector open command, it goes through the same electrical and mechanical operation process. At this time, the voltage induced to the electrode sensor is reduced from V _DSCL value to V _OPEN value, contrary to the disconnector closed position. It changes and eventually converges to a constant value. In addition, the closing and opening operations of the earthing switch proceed through a similar process as above. During the closing operation of the earthing switch, the induced voltage of the electrode sensor decreases and changes from V _OPEN to V _ESCL (= 0 V), and the opening operation of the earthing switch , the induced voltage shows an upward change from V _ESCL to V _OPEN .

As shown in FIG. 9A, the operating characteristic monitoring system of the three-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear, which is an example of application according to the present invention, measures the opening and closing time of each phase in real time from the change in the induced voltage of the electrode sensor installed on each phase in a pressurized operation state. In addition, as shown in FIG. 9B, by comparing and analyzing the difference in opening and closing times of each phase, it is possible to calculate and diagnose the opening and closing times of three poles at the same time during the opening and closing operation of the three-stage switch. In the operation characteristic monitoring system of the three-stage switch according to the present invention, the electrical and mechanical abnormal conditions of the three-stage switch of the power switch are always monitored by comparing the operation characteristic data collected in real time with the reference operation characteristic data in the normal state. and diagnosis to preemptively take maintenance measures.

Figures 10a and 10b show the potential distribution of the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear using a vacuum interrupter and the induced voltage of the electrode sensor according to the present invention by the finite element method, respectively, the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear In the case of CB Close and CB Open, the voltage induced by the capacitance type electrode sensor according to the change in the spatial position of the movable electrode 35 according to the operation of the circuit breaker is induced by the electrode sensor at the circuit breaker closed position. It can be seen that the voltage (19.19% [V]) is greater than the induced voltage (2.46% [V]) at the open position, and the induced voltage (19.19% [V]) of the electrode sensor at the circuit breaker closed position and The induced voltage (2.46% [V]) of is an example, not necessarily a limiting value, and the circuit breaker opens and closes from the change in induced voltage of the electrode sensor in the same way as applied to the 3-stage switchgear of the gas insulated switchgear. It is possible to measure the opening and closing time of each phase and the opening and closing time of three poles at the same time, and real-time online measurement and diagnosis of stroke and operating speed are also possible.

Figure 11a shows the change in the induced voltage of the capacitive electrode sensor when the gap between the fixed contact and the movable contact is changed by 1 mm when the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear according to the present invention operates from the closed state to the open state. it is a drawing

Figure 11b is a view showing the concept of measuring the operation stroke of the circuit breaker based on the change in the induced voltage of the electrode sensor of Figure 11a, according to the change in time when the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear receives an operation command and completes the opening and closing operation It is a drawing estimated considering the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the operating device. In circuit breakers using spring charging actuators, which are mainly used in domestic distribution voltage class, when control power is applied, the closing spring is compressed by the cam and crank connected to the motor. The closing coil is operated by the coil's excitation, and the compression of the closing spring is released. The operating shaft is rotated by the operation of the roller connected to the operating shaft, and the closing operation is performed quickly, and the opening spring is simultaneously compressed during the closing operation. After operation, the pressure point force of the circuit breaker contact is maintained by a wipe spring mechanically connected to the control shaft. In the opening operation, when an opening command is given, the rod is operated by the excitation of the opening coil, and the control shaft is rotated by the restoring force of the opening spring and the wipe spring, so that the circuit breaker operates quickly in a very short time. As shown in the stroke curve of FIG. 11B, due to the time delay when the coil is energized and the opening and closing operation and the time required in the process of transmitting the force of the cam, lever, shaft, rod, etc. constituting the operating device, the initial opening and closing operation A time delay occurs in power transmission, and mechanical vibration occurs during opening and closing operations due to the influence of various springs used in mechanical operating devices and contact repulsive force. shape will appear. Using the digital data of the opening and closing time and stroke curve of each phase obtained as above based on the already pre-entered breaker contact interval, the average opening and closing speed and initial speed of the circuit breaker of the gas insulated switchgear can be monitored, diagnosed and displayed in real time. .

In this way, the operating characteristic monitoring system of the power switch according to the present invention is a switchgear and a circuit breaker, a load switch, an automatic transfer switch, an automatic fault section switch, an automatic load transfer switch, and a disconnector. It can be extended and applied to all power switches that use a method of opening and closing by a structure in which contacts are separated and moved.

As shown in FIG. 12, the integrated monitoring means 200 converts signals input from the secondary side reference voltage of a potential transformer (PT) and a capacitive electrode sensor for voltage detection into voltage values. Conversion unit 230 and; an A/D converter 240 that converts the voltage value received from the input conversion unit 230 into a digital signal; Connected to the A/D converter 240, based on the digital signals input through the A/D converter 240, operations such as the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch, the opening and closing time when the three poles are floating, the stroke, and the operating speed a central calculation control unit 250 that calculates and diagnoses characteristics; Connected to the central operation control unit 250, when the operation characteristic value of the power switch diagnosed by the central operation control unit 250 is out of a preset safety range, a control signal for outputting a control signal for alarm or locking is generated. with section 260; a display unit 270 connected to the central operation control unit 250 and digitally displaying the open/closed state of each power switch that has been calculated and diagnosed by the central operation control unit 250; a key input unit 280 connected to the central operation control unit 250 and enabling setting of an operating mode or safety range; It is configured to include a power supply unit 290 that supplies power necessary for operation from an external power source 400.

An A/D converter 240 is connected to the input conversion unit 230, and the A/D converter 240 converts the voltage value received from the input conversion unit 230 into a digital signal and acts as a digital arithmetic device. transmitted to the central operation control unit 250.

The central operation control unit 250 connected to the A/D converter 240 calculates and diagnoses the operating characteristic values of the power switches of each phase based on the digital signals input through the A/D converter 240 to display the unit ( 270), and when the calculated operation characteristic value is out of the preset safe range, the corresponding signal is provided to the control signal generator 260, and the operation mode or safe operation is performed according to the input signal input from the key input unit 280. As a kind of central arithmetic processing unit that presets a characteristic value range, it is implemented in the form of a printed circuit board on which a predetermined circuit is printed or a chip in which a predetermined circuit is integrated.

The control signal generation unit 260 connected to the central operation control unit 250 controls for alarming or locking when the operation characteristic value computed and diagnosed by the central operation control unit 250 is out of a preset safe range due to electrical and mechanical defects. By outputting a signal, an alarm sound is output to the outside through a predetermined alarm means (not shown) connected to the control signal generating unit 260 so that the manager can take appropriate action or the control signal generating unit 260 The operation of the power switch can be automatically blocked by a predetermined locking means (not shown) connected thereto.

The control signal generator 260 is installed on the rear surface of the integrated monitoring means 200 and includes a control signal output terminal for outputting a control signal for alarming or locking. The means are electrically connected.

The display unit 270 connected to the central operation control unit 250 digitally displays the operational characteristic values of the power switch of each phase calculated and diagnosed by the central operation control unit 250, and the opening and closing of each phase of the power switch A panel that displays operating characteristics such as time, 3-pole floating time, stroke, and operating speed as digital numerical values and graphs, a safety range display window that continuously displays the safety range and upper and lower risk ranges, and integrated monitoring means (200 ) Installed on the front side of the control signal generator 260 may include two operation indicator lamps (not shown) that respectively indicate whether or not a control signal for alarm or lockout is output, but is necessarily limited thereto not that

The key input unit 280 connected to the central arithmetic control unit 250 enables setting of an operating mode or a range of safe operating characteristic values, and includes a mode selection button enabling setting of an operating mode and safe operating characteristic values. It may include a safety range setting button for setting a range, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

The power supply unit 290 supplies power required for operation from an external power source 400, and includes a power connection terminal (not shown) to which the external power source 400 is connected, as shown in FIG. The external power source 400 is preferably a DC voltage for stable operation of the integrated monitoring means 200 .

The communication module 265 connected to the central operation control unit 250 enables communication with an external computer at a remote location to monitor the operational characteristics of the power switch through the external computer at a remote location, such as a modem. It is preferably composed of a known wired communication module or a known wireless communication module such as Bluetooth.

In addition, the integrated monitoring means 200 is also a filter unit that is sequentially connected between the input conversion unit 230 and the A / D converter 240 to remove noise from the voltage value output from the input conversion unit 230 ( 210), and a linear processing unit 220 that linearizes the voltage value that has passed through the filter unit 210 and provides it to the A/D converter 240.

Since abnormal voltage may be included in a power switch operated with high voltage applied due to magnetic field and switching surge, a filter unit 210 is installed to remove it, and the filter unit 210 is a low frequency region filter (Low It is preferable to be composed of a pass filter).

Claims (9)

A capacitance type electrode sensor installed outside the primary conductor of the power switch and detecting an electrostatic voltage induced during the opening and closing operation of the main contact of the power switch; and
Based on the electrostatic voltage input from the capacitive electrode sensor, the operating characteristics of each phase are diagnosed, and when the preset operating characteristics are out of the safety range, an integrated monitoring means for outputting a control signal for alarm or lockdown.
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch. According to claim 1,
Characterized in that the voltage induced in the electrode sensor changes due to the voltage division characteristic generated by the relative internal capacitance change of the electrode sensor of the power switch when the main contact of the power switch is opened and closed.
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 1,
The capacitance type electrode sensor is composed of a composite circuit of capacitances (C1, C2) electrically formed sequentially between the primary conductor, the electrode sensor, the electrode sensor and the ground electrode. Characterized in that
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 1,
The capacitance type electrode sensor is a non-contact method,
In the inner space of the insulation barrier spacer between the circuit breaker and the 3-stage switch and between the 3-stage switch and the bus, it is composed of circular, prismatic and pin-shaped electrode sensors impregnated inside the insulator,
It is composed of circular, prismatic and pin-shaped electrode sensors inside and outside the epoxy insulator housing of the circuit breaker,
Characterized in that it is configured in the form of an electrode sensor module that is detachable to the outside of the insulating barrier rib spacer and the insulating material
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 1,
The operating characteristics diagnosed based on the capacitive electrode sensor include the opening and closing time of each phase of the power switchgear, the opening and closing time of the three poles at the same time, the stroke, and the operating speed.
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 1,
The integrated monitoring means receives operation and control signals including auxiliary contact signals of the instrument transformer (PT) secondary voltage, control power supply, coil current, motor current, and power switch from the operation control panel, characterized in that
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 1,
The integrated monitoring means,
An input conversion unit for converting signals input from a potential transformer (PT) and electrode sensors into voltage values;
an A/D converter connected to the input conversion unit and converting the voltage value received from the input conversion unit into a digital signal;
a central operation control unit connected to the A/D converter and diagnosing the opening/closing operation of each phase switching device based on digital signals input through the A/D converter;
a control signal generating unit that is connected to the central operation control unit and outputs a control signal for alarming or locking when the opening/closing state of the switching device diagnosed by the central operation control unit is out of a preset safety range;
a display unit connected to the central operation control unit and digitally displaying an open/closed state of the switching device diagnosed by the central operation control unit;
a key input unit connected to the central operation control unit and capable of setting an operating mode or a safe vacuum range; and
It is provided in the integrated monitoring means, characterized in that it comprises a power supply for supplying power necessary for the operation of the integrated monitoring means from an external power source
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 7,
The integrated monitoring means,
It is connected to the central operation control unit and enables communication with an external computer at a remote location, and through the external computer at a remote location, operation characteristics including opening and closing time of each phase of the power switch, opening and closing time when three poles are stationary, stroke, and operating speed Characterized in that it further comprises a communication module that enables monitoring
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.
According to claim 1,
The power switch includes a gas insulated switchgear, a solid insulated switchgear, a circuit breaker, a load switchgear, an automatic transfer switch, an automatic fault section switch, an automatic load transfer switchgear, a grounding switchgear, and a disconnector having an open and close method using contacts. to be
Operation characteristic monitoring system of power switch.

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