KR20230070183A - Blasting Method With Paper Tube - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a blasting method using a blasting means that improves blasting efficiency and enables environmentally friendly construction using blasting tubes and branch pipes. The blasting tube comprises a tube-shaped loading pipe part (110), a tube-shaped regulating pipe part (120), and a tube-shaped air pipe part (130), wherein the loading pipe part (110) has an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the regulating pipe part (120), and is provided with a loading pipe blocking part (111a) at one end (111) of the loading pipe part (110).

Description

Blasting method using a blasting tube {Blasting Method With Paper Tube}

The present invention relates to a blasting method using a blasting means capable of improving blasting efficiency and performing environmentally friendly construction using blasting tubes, branch pipes, and the like.

Explosives used in blasting in blasting devices and blasting methods for blasting ground, such as rocks, include encapsulated explosives, emulsion explosives, water-containing explosives, and bulk explosives.

Blasting is used in mines, quarries, tunnel construction, cutting of concrete structures, road construction, underground excavation of buildings, electric power conduits, pipeline construction, and subway construction, from crushing large chunks of rocks into small pieces to blasting large-scale rocks at once. When designing blasting, the blasting method is determined in response to such a pattern.

In general, a general blasting method in which a blasting hole is drilled in a bedrock and blasted by filling the inside of the blasting hole with explosives and sealants, a line crack blasting method for the purpose of arranging a slope, and explosives and sealants in a hole drilled to reduce vibration There is a blasting method by distributing explosives that are alternately arranged and blasted.

In general, the blasting method involves drilling holes at a predetermined depth and in a predetermined arrangement on a bedrock to be blasted, forming a blasting hole by charging a detonator and explosives into the drilled hole, blocking the blasting hole with a sealant, spreading the color, and charging with a blaster. It involves the process of cutting the bedrock by detonating the explosives.

Here, energy generated when explosives used for rock destruction explode can be largely classified into shock wave energy and gas pressure energy.

At this time, a shock wave due to the detonation of the explosive and gas pressure due to the combustion of the explosive are generated. The contribution of the shock wave to rock destruction corresponds to about 15%, and the contribution to rock destruction by the gas pressure of the explosive corresponds to approximately 85% do. That is, the destruction of rocks by the explosion of explosives is mainly due to the action of gas pressure.

From the viewpoint of the mechanics of rock destruction by explosives, rock destruction is caused by the simultaneous action of shock wave energy and gas pressure energy, and each step undergoes an energy transfer process.

The explosive energy of the gunpowder exploded in the blast hole is primarily used for the destruction of rocks, and the rest is converted into energy that causes vibration, noise, and scattering.

1 (a) illustrates Patent Registration No. 1384820 (2014), after drilling a blast hole in the bedrock, connecting and inserting a plurality of tubes filled with explosives, blasting the explosives to break the bedrock, , The tube pipe includes a filling pipe and an air pipe connected thereto.

Guide grooves are formed along the length of the tube pipe, so that the direction of blasting can be guided toward the guide groove, back break, which destroys the rock mass beyond the design, is prevented, and intensive crushing is performed in the direction of crushing the rock mass. provided to make it happen.

The air pipe is integrally formed on top of the filling pipe, the inlet is formed open, and the outlet at the bottom is formed with an input hole through which explosives are injected into the filling space. An air gap space in which air is trapped and stayed is formed inside the air tube to reduce blasting pollution such as blast pressure, fly stones, vibration, and noise generated during blasting, thereby providing precise control of blasting.

Based on this, a blast hole drilling step of drilling a plurality of blast holes in a predetermined arrangement and depth in the bedrock; Explosives filling step of filling the explosives into the filling space through the input hole in the plurality of tubes; Connecting a plurality of tube tubes filled with explosives to each other, connecting another tube tube to the top of the tube tube to form an air gap space inside the air tube; Tube insertion step of inserting a plurality of tubes into the blast hole; A charge inserting step of inserting a charge charge to which the detonator is connected to the inside of the filling pipe of the blast hole or to the top of the charge pipe inserted into the blast hole; A filling step of filling the filling material in the remaining space of the blasting hole; A detonation step of detonating the detonator with a blaster from the outside to crush the bedrock; is performed.

In the example of FIG. 1 (b), Registered Patent No. 316161 (2001) is provided to reduce vibration, noise, and scattering. After forming an air layer with a free surface by inserting multiple layers of air tubes of a predetermined length into the blasting hole, After a certain portion of the entrance of the blast hole is discolored, the detonator is detonated and blasted.

An air tube made of a synthetic resin member is inserted into the blast hole to shorten the total color length by the length of the air tube, thereby increasing the projected area of the rock on the free surface side during an explosion. The explosives loaded in the blasting hole and the air layer of the air tube are alternately arranged in layers, and the uppermost air tube inserted in the blasting hole is sealed with gravel, sand, or a rubber stopper.

The air tube is buried in the explosives, reducing the amount of explosives used, dispersing the blasting vibration toward the internal artificial free surface, and extending the explosion length to the maximum free surface, thereby greatly reducing the occurrence of boulders. dosage can be reduced.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 1384820 (2014) Republic of Korea Patent No. 316161 (2001)

Depending on the conditions of various sites, the blasting method can be implemented by setting the size ratio of the filling pipe and air pipe of the blasting means differently according to the situation.

Therefore, it is difficult to respond flexibly when it is fixed to a predetermined size and standard length. In the case of using a product that is supplied and cut to a certain size from the outside before work, the type, size or It is not easy to install by changing the tube length according to the surrounding environment such as ground pressure.

If an air tube of a certain length is uniformly used without considering the work site or surrounding conditions, the total force of the explosion may not increase and the effect of damping vibration may not be large.

In order to manufacture the air tube, the inconvenience of manufacturing, such as injecting and sealing air into the air tube with a separate machine, and installation costs such as transportation may increase.

In addition, if the member used for manufacturing the tube pipe is made of synthetic resin, it may adversely affect the environment.

The blasting method using the blasting tube (branch pipe) of the present invention was devised as a solution to the above problems,

The blasting tube includes a tube-shaped charge tube unit 110, a tube-shaped control tube unit 120, and a tube-shaped air tube unit 130,

In the charge pipe part 110, the inner diameter of the charge pipe part 110 corresponds to the outer diameter of the control pipe part 120, and the charge pipe blocking part 111a is provided at one end 111 of the charge pipe part 110, ,

In the control pipe part 120, the outer diameter of the control pipe part 120 corresponds to the inner diameter of the charge pipe part 110 and the inner diameter of the air pipe part 130, and the control pipe blocking part is at the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120. (122a),

In the air pipe part 130, the inner diameter of the air pipe part 130 corresponds to the outer diameter of the adjusting pipe part 120, and the other end 132 of the air pipe part 130 is provided with an air pipe blocking part 132a,

Insert one end 121 of the control pipe part 120 into the other end 112 of the charge tube part 110, and insert the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 into one end 131 of the air pipe part 130,

The common space between the charge pipe part 110 and the control pipe part 120 is used as a charge pipe, and the space between the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 and the other end 132 of the air pipe part 130 is used as an air pipe. do,

The size of the charge tube is adjusted by moving the charge tube unit 110 and the control tube unit 120 in the mutual longitudinal direction, and the size of the air tube is adjusted by moving the control tube unit 120 and the air tube unit 130 in the mutual longitudinal direction, ,

Further comprising a fixing part (b) consisting of fixing holes (b11, b12, b13) and fixing pins (b20) having a plurality of holes formed at intervals,

The fixing holes b11, b12, and b13 include the fixing hole b11 of the control pipe part 120, the fixing hole b12 of the air pipe part 130, and the fixing hole b13 of the charge pipe part 110,

If any one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120 coincides with one of the fixing holes (b12) of the air pipe part 130, the two fixing holes are simultaneously inserted and fixed with fixing pins (b20),

If one of the fixing holes (b11) of the control tube part 120 matches any one of the fixing holes (b13) of the charge tube part 110 with respect to any one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120, the two fixing holes are simultaneously fitted with another fixing pin (b20) and fixed,

When the free surface generation is not greatly needed, the air pipe a20 is made small by arranging the control pipe blocking part 122a and the air pipe blocking part 132a close to each other,

Conversely, in order to create a free surface, the air pipe a20 is provided by making the air pipe a20 larger by spacing the control pipe blocking part 122a and the air pipe blocking part 132a far apart.

According to the blasting method using the blasting tube of the present invention,

The length of the blasting tube (branch tube) can be changed according to the surrounding environment such as the type, size or ground pressure of the rock mass around the explosives and on the free surface. Ease of operation and speed can be improved.

That is, the length of the branch pipe can be easily, quickly and accurately changed according to the surrounding environment such as the type or size of the rock mass around the explosive and the free surface, or the ground pressure.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the hassle of attaching a separate pipe or a pipe replacement member and sealing it with a sheet in order to install the air pipe.

In addition, if the explosives are filled in the tube body of the paper tube member, which is an eco-friendly material, environmental pollution caused by fragments of the tube, which is a blasting means, during blasting can be reduced.

1 is an embodiment of the prior art,
Figure 1 (a) is a block diagram of the side section and work flow of the site for applying the blasting method.
Figure 1 (b) shows a side cross-section of a site for applying the blasting method using a tube.
The following drawings are an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 2 (a) is an exploded perspective view of the tube for blasting.
Figure 2 (B) is an assembled perspective view of the tube for blasting.
3 (a) to 3 (c) are state diagrams illustrating operations.
4 is an operating state diagram showing another embodiment of the control pipe blocking unit 122a in cross section.
5 is an operating state diagram showing another embodiment of the control tube blocking unit 122a in cross section.
6 is a block diagram of a workflow when performing a blasting method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the blasting tube provided in the blasting method is a paper tube of paper members in which an accommodation space is provided (provided, configured, formed, prepared), and blasting is performed after the accommodation space is filled with explosives or air. It is used to blast and crush the ground, such as bedrock, by detonating the explosives filled in the field. Paper is an eco-friendly member that does not cause environmental hormones or soil contamination even when mixed with the ground after blasting.

The explosives to be loaded are encapsulated explosives, bulk explosives, hydrous explosives, and the like. Anpo explosives have a low specific gravity and low explosive speed, have a static effect using gas pressure, and are advantageous when blasting soft or normal rocks. After placing the emulsion-based explosives connected to the detonator on the bottom and filling the remaining space with the explosives, the reaction speed of the explosives themselves increases, increasing the speed and power of the explosives. is low, and can be applied to the blasting of normal or hard rocks. When only emulsion-based explosives are used or a small amount of eyeball explosives are added thereto, the explosive speed and power are greatly increased, it has dynamic effect characteristics, and is advantageous when blasting hard rocks.

See Figures 2 and 3. In the blasting tube 100 of the present invention, after the components of the tube-shaped charging tube 110, the control tube unit 120, and the air tube unit 130, each having a length and having a space therein, are separately manufactured, It is assembled (combined) so that the mutual length is set in advance or adjusted later to increase site adaptability, flexibility, work speed, and work efficiency. A filling tube for filling and charging explosives, that is, an air tube for providing an air gap in which a free surface is provided by an air space filled with air and a charging tube is integrally provided.

The control pipe part 120 is inserted into the charge pipe part 110 in the longitudinal direction and interposed (fitted), and for this purpose, the inner diameter of the charge pipe part 110 is made to closely correspond to the outer diameter of the control pipe part 120. In addition, one end 111 of the charge tube unit 110 may be equipped with a charge tube blocking portion 111a, provided (constructed). Being closely matched means that there is no space between the contact surfaces so that explosives or air filled in the internal space do not leak to the outside, and the intervening coupling state is not released without artificial work and is fixed by the frictional force acting between the contact surfaces so that it is maintained ( combination) means that it is in a possible state. And the blocking part closes one or the other end to block and protect the explosives and air filled inside from the outside, and prevent leakage from the inside to the outside. It prevents external foreign substances (soil such as soil, rocks, debris, water, etc.) from entering the interior.

The outer diameter of the control pipe part 120 is made to closely correspond to the inner diameter of the charge pipe part 110 and the inner diameter of the air pipe part 130. One end 121 of the control pipe part 120 is open, and the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 has a control pipe blocking part 122a.

The inner diameter of the air pipe part 130 is made to closely correspond to the outer diameter of the control pipe part 120. In addition, an air tube blocking unit 132a is provided at the other end 132 of the air tube unit 130 .

See FIG. 3 . The outer diameter of one end 121 of the control pipe part 120 is inserted into the inner diameter of the other end 112 of the other end 112 of the charge pipe part 110 to form a coupling so that the communicating charge pipe a10 is provided, and the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 is provided. ) The outer diameter is fitted into the inner diameter of one end 131 of the air tube unit 130 to form a coupling to provide the air tube a20 to the inner space of the air tube unit 130. More specifically, the charge pipe (a10) is provided as a common space (communication space) formed by combining the charge pipe part 110 and the control pipe part 120, that is, one end 111 of the charge pipe part 110 It consists of an internal space between {ie, the tube blocking unit 111a} and the other end 122 of the control tube unit 120 (ie, the control tube blocking unit 122a). The air pipe (a20) is provided as a space created by combining the control pipe part 120 and the air pipe part 130, that is, the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 (ie, the control pipe blocking part 122a) and the other end 132 of the air tube unit 130 (ie, the air tube blocking unit 132a).

According to the expansion and contraction of the length of the charge pipe (a10) caused by the movement (m02) of the charge pipe part 110 and the control pipe part 120 relative to each other in the longitudinal direction, the total space size (size) of the charge pipe (a10) is It is adjusted (in response to stretching). Similarly, when the control tube unit 120 and the air tube unit 130 move in the longitudinal direction and perform relative movement (m01), the size of the air tube (a20) space is correspondingly adjusted according to the expansion and contraction of the length of the air tube (a20). 3 (b) and 3 (c).

When the free surface generation is not greatly needed, in order to make the air pipe (a20) small, the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120/the other end 132 of the control pipe blocking part 122a and the air pipe part 130/air pipe The blocking portion 132a is placed close to each other. Conversely, in order to increase the size of the air tube a20 to create a free surface, the other end 122 of the control tube unit 120 / the control tube blocker 122a and the other end 132 of the air tube unit 130 / the air tube blocker 132a to be located farther apart. Accordingly, the other end 122 of the control tube unit 120/the control tube blocking unit 122a and the one end 131 of the air tube unit 130 are brought closer to each other.

In order to enlarge the charge tube (a10) in order to increase the use of explosives, the other end 112 of the charge pipe part 110 and the one end 121 of the control pipe part 120 must be placed close to each other, and accordingly, the charge pipe part 110 The other end 112 of the control pipe portion 120 and the other end 122/control pipe blocking film 122a are located far apart. Conversely, in order to reduce the amount of charge, to reduce the charge tube (a10), the other end 112 of the charge pipe 110 and the one end 121 of the control pipe 120 should be spaced apart, and accordingly, the charge pipe 110 ) One end 111 / one end 121 of the tube blocking portion 111a and the control tube 120 are in close proximity. That is, the other end 122 of the control tube unit 120 / the control tube blocking film 122a are all positioned close to the other end 112 of the charge tube unit 110.

In this way, it is possible to respond most flexibly and appropriately by adjusting the size of the charge pipe (a10) or air pipe (a20) in advance or directly on site according to the needs of the construction site situation, and separate devices and members , resizing can be handled very conveniently and quickly without the need for work.

See Figure 2. When the scale (b10) is designed (marked) along the length of the control pipe part 120, it is possible to accurately, conveniently and quickly measure the contents, thereby quantifying the amount of explosives filled in the charge pipe. It is useful because it can reduce the use of explosives more than necessary and can be quantified when filling air into an air pipe to create an air gap. Using the scale (b10) of the control pipe part 120 as a reference (center), the length of the fitted tube part 110 and the air pipe part 130 coupled to one end and the other end of the control pipe part 120 ( Depth), the size of the explosives to be filled in the charging tube (a10) or the air gap of the air tube (20) can be adjusted.

And it may be provided with a fixing part (b) in order to maintain a controlled state from external load and pressure. To this end, a plurality of fixing holes (b11, b12, b13) drilled at intervals along the length may be formed, and the fixing holes (b11, b12, b13) are fixing holes (b11) , The fixing hole b12 of the air pipe part 130 and the fixing hole b13 of the charge pipe part 110 are included. A bolt-shaped fixing pin (b20) having a length is provided, and the fixing pin (b20) forms the fixing part (b) together with the fixing holes (b11, b12, b13). The fixing part (b) may include all of the scales (b10) in addition to the fixing holes (b11, b12, b13) and the fixing pin (b20). Each fixing hole of the fixing part (b) may be formed by denting holes at equal intervals (regular intervals) along the scale b10.

In the fixing method, if any one of the fixing holes (b12) of the air pipe part 130 matches (correspondingly located) with respect to any one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120, the two fixing holes are fixed with a fixing pin (b20) is inserted and fixed at the same time, and if any one of the fixing holes (b13) of the charge pipe part 110 coincides with the other one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120, the two fixing holes Insert and fix with another fixing pin (b20).

However, with respect to the distance between the fixing holes (b11) of the control pipe part 120, the distance between the fixing holes (b12) of the air pipe part 130, the distance between the fixing holes (b13) of the charge pipe part 110 Intervals may be arranged and configured differently. In FIG. 2 , the distance d1 between the fixing holes b11 of the control pipe part 120 is greater than the distance d2 between the fixing holes b13 of the loading and unloading pipe part 110 . That is, the distance d2 between the fixing holes b13 of the charge pipe part 110 is smaller than the distance d1 between the fixing holes b11 of the control pipe part 120. Through this, when adjusting the length, first, select one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120 to determine the approximate length size, and then, one of the fixing holes (b13) of the charge pipe part 110, the air pipe part ( By selecting one of the fixing holes b12 of 130), small (fine, fine) length adjustment can be performed. For example, in the case of the charge pipe part 110, one of the fixing hole (b13a) or the fixing hole (b13b) can be selected, and in the case of the air pipe part 130, one of the fixing hole (b12a) or the fixing hole (b12b) can be fine-tuned by selecting As a result, the size of the interval between the fixing holes b11 of the control tube part 120 (large interval) and the size of the interval between the fixing hole b13 of the charge tube unit 110/the fixing hole b12 of the air tube unit 130 (fine interval) ), the overall length (size) adjustment can be adopted.

Consider another embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 . When the minimum size of the space of the air gap of the air layer is determined and expansion is required therefrom, the control pipe blocking part 122a provided in the control pipe part 120 is not the end but about the middle of the body length of the control pipe part 120. It may be provided so that it is arranged at the top and used as an air gap as much as a minimum space. In the example of the drawing, along the length of the control pipe part 120, it is placed about 2/3 from the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120, that is, about 1/3 from one end 121 of the control pipe part 120 there is.

See FIG. 6 . Find out the whole procedure of performing blasting. A preliminary preparation step of establishing a plan by specifying the size of the blasting tube 100, the amount of explosives, and the size of the air gap space according to the blasting site, and designating the depth and arrangement (placement, number) of blasting holes; a blast hole drilling step of drilling a hole at the determined depth and location; A blasting tube inserting step of inserting and stacking the blasting tube 100 into the perforated blasting hole; A charge inserting step of inserting a charge charge connected to the detonator into the inside of the blasting tube 100 or into the blast hole; After the blasting tube 100 is inserted, the remaining space of the blasting hole (opening at the top) is closed with a member such as sand or stone, or a pre-prepared colorant, so that the inside of the hole is sealed; A blasting step of detonating a detonator with a blaster from the outside to perform blasting for rock crushing; A post-processing step of treating the debris after blasting:

The preliminary preparation step may include a blasting tube 100 preparation step in which the size (whole or each part) of the blasting tube 100 is determined corresponding to the size (diameter, depth, etc.) of the blasting hole.

At this time, the size of the diameter of the blasting tube 100 is provided (manufactured) smaller than the diameter of the blasting hole, so that it can be prepared for smooth insertion. In addition, since the length of the blasting tube 100 is roughly calculated and derived arithmetically, such as division, depending on how many blasting tubes 100 are to be inserted (inserted) with respect to the depth of the blasting hole, manufacturing can be performed accordingly.

When the amount of explosives to be used and the size of the air gap are determined in the preparation step for blasting, the size of the charge pipe for loading the explosives and the size of the air pipe for forming the air gap are determined in the preparation step for the blasting tube 100. By moving the control tube unit 120 and the air tube unit 130 in the mutual longitudinal direction, each necessary space can be adjusted to be larger or smaller.

The other end of the control tube part 122; One end of the control pipe (121); The charge tube unit 110; A tube blocking unit (111a); Control tube unit 120; Control pipe blocking unit (122a); Air pipe part 130; an air pipe blocking unit (132a); blasting tube 100;

Claims (1)

As a blasting method using a blasting tube,
The blasting tube includes a tube-shaped charge tube unit 110, a tube-shaped control tube unit 120, and a tube-shaped air tube unit 130,
In the charge pipe part 110, the inner diameter of the charge pipe part 110 corresponds to the outer diameter of the control pipe part 120, and the charge pipe blocking part 111a is provided at one end 111 of the charge pipe part 110, ,
In the control pipe part 120, the outer diameter of the control pipe part 120 corresponds to the inner diameter of the charge pipe part 110 and the inner diameter of the air pipe part 130, and the control pipe blocking part is at the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120. (122a),
In the air pipe part 130, the inner diameter of the air pipe part 130 corresponds to the outer diameter of the adjusting pipe part 120, and the other end 132 of the air pipe part 130 is provided with an air pipe blocking part 132a,
Insert one end 121 of the control pipe part 120 into the other end 112 of the charge tube part 110, and insert the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 into one end 131 of the air pipe part 130,
The common space between the charge pipe part 110 and the control pipe part 120 is used as a charge pipe, and the space between the other end 122 of the control pipe part 120 and the other end 132 of the air pipe part 130 is used as an air pipe. do,
The size of the charge tube is adjusted by moving the charge tube unit 110 and the control tube unit 120 in the mutual longitudinal direction, and the size of the air tube is adjusted by moving the control tube unit 120 and the air tube unit 130 in the mutual longitudinal direction, ,
Further comprising a fixing part (b) consisting of fixing holes (b11, b12, b13) and fixing pins (b20) having a plurality of holes formed at intervals,
The fixing holes b11, b12, and b13 include the fixing hole b11 of the control pipe part 120, the fixing hole b12 of the air pipe part 130, and the fixing hole b13 of the charge pipe part 110,
If any one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120 coincides with one of the fixing holes (b12) of the air pipe part 130, the two fixing holes are simultaneously inserted and fixed with fixing pins (b20),
If one of the fixing holes (b11) of the control tube part 120 matches any one of the fixing holes (b13) of the charge tube part 110 with respect to any one of the fixing holes (b11) of the adjusting pipe part 120, the two fixing holes are simultaneously fitted with another fixing pin (b20) and fixed,
When the free surface generation is not greatly needed, the air pipe a20 is made small by arranging the control pipe blocking part 122a and the air pipe blocking part 132a close to each other,
Conversely, in order to create a free surface, the air pipe a20 is enlarged by spacing the control pipe blocking part 122a and the air pipe blocking part 132a far apart.
Blasting method using a blasting tube, characterized in that.

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