KR20230052063A - Operator Training Method and Simulator Performing the Same for HVDC - Google Patents

Abstract

A driver operation training method for HVDC of the present invention comprises: a training initiation step of receiving a screen output instruction for driver training of an HVDC system; a block sequence selection step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated at the relevant training time from among a plurality of block sequences to be simulated; and a step of outputting a training screen in which status information of a rectifier and/or an inverter is changed by the selected block sequence according to a pre-specified time scale for the selected block sequence.

Description

Operator Training Method and Simulator Performing the Same for HVDC}

The present invention relates to a driver operation simulator for a high voltage direct current (HVDC) system.

HVDC (High Voltage) capable of high transmission efficiency and long-distance and large-capacity transmission due to load concentration due to urbanization worldwide, grid connection between countries and continents, and development of new and renewable energy industries in accordance with the Green New Deal policy. Direct Current) research and commercialization/dissemination are actively progressing.

HVDC is a facility that rectifies the voltage/current of an AC power transmission system through a converter and converts it into DC for transmission, and has an advantageous feature of controlling the amount of power transmission between connection points through the control of the converter. However, unlike the AC transmission method, in which the amount of tidal current fluctuates naturally depending on the system configuration, the DC transmission method requires an appropriate transmission amount to be set according to the system situation.

In case of power system overload, problems such as violation of the power system reliability notification, line blocking/damage due to overcurrent, and wide-area power outages due to chain interruption of transmission lines by bypass currents may occur. In order to solve such a problem, means such as load transfer, reinforcement of transmission and substation facilities, and constrained power generation can be utilized.

However, currently popular HVDC facilities provide a high voltage direct current (HVDC) control facility manufacturer-oriented interface, and thus have a complicated operation method and low accessibility from the viewpoint of an operator (operator) of the HVDC system. In addition, since most of the operation of the HVDC facility is configured by automatic control, there is a lack of opportunities for operators (operators) to manipulate the facility itself, resulting in insufficient operator skill and a high possibility of human error.

Republic of Korea Registration No. 10-1413553

An object of the present invention is to provide a driver manipulation training method and simulator for HVDC that can suppress the possibility of human error by increasing the driver's proficiency of the HVDC system.

A driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to an aspect of the present invention includes a training start step of receiving a screen output instruction for driver training of an HVDC system; A block sequence selection step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated at a corresponding training time point among a plurality of target block sequences for simulation; and outputting a training screen in which state information of a rectifier and/or an inverter is changed according to a predetermined time scale for the selected block sequence.

Here, the step of outputting the training screen may include: outputting state information of a converter in charge of an educator among the rectifier and the inverter; Receiving a request for outputting status information of a counterpart converter from the educator; and outputting state information of the counterpart converter.

Here, in the training start step, the rectifier side or the inverter side can be selected as a training target.

Here, after the step of outputting the training screen, if an end condition of unit training is satisfied, a step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated in the next unit training may be included.

Here, in the block sequence selection step, the plurality of block sequences may be selected in a prearranged order or randomly selected.

Here, in the step of outputting the training screen, the block of the rectifier and/or the inverter, 'Forced Retard', and a state due to a bypass operation may be displayed on the training screen.

A simulator for performing a driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to another aspect of the present invention includes a simulation manipulation unit for accepting manipulations of trainees during training; A block sequence model defining block sequences composed of preset protective action operations for each situation that may occur in HVDC; A training output control unit generating a training screen showing state information of each of the protective action operations for a block sequence selected from among the block sequences and outputting the generated training screen to a display; and a training setting unit configured to perform settings for generating the training screen.

Here, the simulated manipulation unit may include a status inquiry button control for the counterpart converter in the HVDC configuration.

Here, the block sequence model may have a behavior in which a sequence of each protection measure operation of the rectifier and/or inverter according to each block sequence is recorded.

Here, the training output control unit may display on the training screen the state of the rectifier and/or the inverter by performing each protection measure operation according to the sequence recorded in the block sequence model.

Here, the training output control unit may include a training initiation step of receiving a screen output instruction for training; A block sequence selection step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated at a corresponding training time point among a plurality of target block sequences for simulation; and outputting a training screen in which state information of a rectifier and/or an inverter is changed according to a predetermined time scale for the selected block sequence.

If the driver manipulation training method and/or simulator for HVDC according to the spirit of the present invention having the above configuration is implemented, there is an advantage in that the possibility of human error can be suppressed by increasing the driver's proficiency of the HVDC system.

Specifically, the driver manipulation training method and/or simulator for HVDC of the present invention shortens the manipulation time for the HVDC system by improving drivers' proficiency through a screen configuration similar to the HMI (manipulation screen) of the HVDC system and a simulator, Mistakes can be prevented.

The driver manipulation training method and/or simulator for HVDC of the present invention has an advantage of reducing the cost of training drivers of the HVDC system.

The driver manipulation training method and/or simulator for HVDC of the present invention has an advantage of reducing supplementary training costs for human resources due to changes such as updating an HMI of an HVDC system.

1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to the spirit of the present invention;
2 and 3 are conceptual diagrams illustrating the concept of 'Forced Retard' and examples of 'Forced Retard' at the time of an accident.
4 is a simplified circuit diagram showing an inverter current flow when Bypass is performed as an inverter-side protection operation.
5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a simulator that performs a driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to the spirit of the present invention.
6 to 10 are training screens generated by a training output control unit.
11A to 11C are explanation/tutorial screens provided to trainees by the training output control unit to implement a tutorial for a driver.

In describing the present invention, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components may not be limited by the terms. Terms are only for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

When a component is referred to as being connected or connected to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but it may be understood that another component may exist in the middle. .

Terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions may include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In this specification, the terms include or include are intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features or numbers, It can be understood that the presence or addition of steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

In addition, shapes and sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clearer description.

1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to the spirit of the present invention.

The illustrated driver manipulation training method for HVDC includes a training initiation step of receiving a screen output instruction for driver training of the HVDC system from an external trainer (S110); A block sequence selection step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated at a corresponding training time point among a plurality of target block sequences for simulation (S120); and outputting a training screen in which state information of a rectifier and/or an inverter is changed according to a predetermined time scale for the selected block sequence (S140 to S170).

The purpose of the driver operation training method according to the above-described flow chart is to show a training screen that simulates the HMI screen of the HVDC system in a situation requiring operation (ground fault accident, etc.) to a trainee, and allow the trainee to This is to train the process of judging that the displayed training screen has occurred in a certain situation (accident) and determining an appropriate action in that situation.

In the case of a failure of an existing AC substation, a separate recovery operation is required depending on the type of failure, but in the case of a DC conversion station failure, the recovery operation is determined according to the protection sequence, so the driver operation shown as a tutorial to learn the process A training method may be performed.

For various situations (accidents) that may occur in an actual HVDC system, protective measures are set in advance in the HVDC system. The protection measures can be divided into measures on the rectifier side and the inverter side of the HVDC system. Each of the situations (accidents) and the processes of preset protection measures are defined as a block sequence, and can be handled as organized state information of each situation (accident).

However, when each protective measure operation constituting each block sequence is performed in an actual HVDC system, it can be performed after a considerable amount of time has elapsed depending on the action. If this is reflected in the training process as it is, only waiting time during training is unnecessary. It gets longer. To compensate for this, a predetermined time scale is applied to the time at which each protective action operation constituting the block sequence is performed (eg, adjusted to 1/100), and state information at which each protective action operation is performed is displayed on the screen at the time It can be output during the time scale applied.

In the HVDC system, a plurality of accident situations can occur, and the illustrated steps S140 to S160 are not performed only for one accident situation, but are repeatedly performed for a plurality of accident situations in terms of educational effect. desirable. At this time, one-time execution of steps S140 to S160 performed for each situation among a plurality of accident situations will be referred to as unit training.

It can be implemented to repeatedly perform unit training for a number of accident situations. In this case, the end condition of unit training is checked, and if the end condition is satisfied, return to step S120 for the next unit training (i.e., the next unit training A block sequence for training may be selected (S170).

In the figure, as an end condition for unit training, it is simply confirmed that the screen output time (training time) for each unit training elapses, and when the training time elapses, the next block sequence is designated. In another implementation, the next block sequence may be specified by receiving the trainer's next training run instruction.

Depending on the implementation, in the block sequence selection step (S120), the plurality of block sequences may be selected in a prearranged order or randomly selected. In the former case, the order of the plurality of block sequences may be specified in advance by classifying them according to types. For example, the plurality of block sequences are divided into those requiring emergency action and those requiring no emergency action, first performing training on block sequences requiring urgent action, and then performing training on those requiring urgent action next. You can specify the order in advance.

The random selection can be used for the purpose of checking (testing) whether trainees who have performed prior training to some extent are familiar with each block sequence.

Each block sequence can also be divided into a rectifier side and an inverter side, and the rectifier-side operator can more directly grasp the rectifier-side sequence in the actual device, and the inverter-side operator can more directly grasp the inverter-side sequence. there is.

In view of the above circumstances, as shown, the step of outputting the training screen (S140 to S170) is the step of outputting state information of the converter in charge of the trainee (operator) among the rectifier and the inverter (S140) ; Receiving a request for outputting state information of the counterpart converter from the trainee (operator) (S150); and outputting state information of the counterpart converter (S160). That is, it can be seen that FIG. 1 is a driver manipulation training method for a trainee who is a rectifier-side operator. The driver operation training method for trainees, who are operators of the inverter side, is only a symmetrical change of the rectifier side and the inverter side, and thus, duplicate descriptions are omitted.

Depending on the implementation, the driver manipulation training method may target both rectifier-side operators and inverter-side operators. In this case, in the training start step (S110), rectifier-side training or inverter-side training is selected as a training target. can be instructed.

Next, the five block sequences selected in step S120 and displayed on the screen in step S140 (and step S160) will be reviewed.

Each block sequence defines a series of HVDC protection operations, and a designated block sequence is operated according to the type of failure. As we have seen, there are five types of block sequences for HVDC systems, and they can be distinguished by Urgent/Non-Urgent CB Trip.

For example, in an emergency situation (Urgent), a breaker Trip command can be executed simultaneously with a valve block, and in a non-urgent situation (Non-Urgent), a control operation (Forced Retard/By-Pass) extinguishes the valve block and A breaker trip may be performed.

Block sequence 1 is a situation in which emergency action is required. Block (Urgent Trip) is immediately performed on the rectifier side (Rectifier), and divided into two cases again on the inverter side (Inverter). In the case of Case 1, " Protection measures in the order of Forced Retard (Maintain firing angle before failure) - Current reduction - Block" are performed, and in Case 2 (when CB is tripped during Forced Retard operation), "Forced Retard (Maintain firing angle before failure) - CB Trip - Bypass and alarm generation - Current and voltage reduction - Block" stipulates that protective measures be performed in the order.

Block sequence 2 is a situation in which emergency measures are not required. For the rectifier side, the case is again divided into two cases. , Case 2 (when the current is not sufficiently reduced after the Forced Retard operation), it is stipulated that protective measures are performed in the order of "Forced Retard - BlockingFailure alarm - Forced Retard continued - Current reduction - Block".

For the inverter side, the cases are again divided into two cases. In Case 1, protective measures are performed in the order of "Bypass - Current and Voltage Reduction - Block", and Case 2 (Current is not sufficiently reduced after Bypass operation). In the case of "Bypass - BlockingFailure alarm - Bypass continuation - Current reduction - Block", it is stipulated that protective measures will be performed in the order of

Block sequence 3 is a situation in which emergency action is required. Block (Urgent Trip) is immediately performed on the rectifier side, and divided into two cases again on the inverter side (Inverter). In Case 1, " Protection measures are performed in the order of "Bypass - Current and Voltage Reduction - Block", and in Case 2 (when the current is not sufficiently reduced after Bypass operation), "Bypass - BlockingFailure alarm occurs - Bypass continues - Current and voltage reduction - It stipulates that protective measures will be performed according to the order of "block".

Block sequence 4 is a situation in which emergency action is not required, and the rectifier side (Rectifier) and the inverter side (Inverter) are equally divided into two cases again. In the case of Case 2 (when voltage is not sufficiently reduced after Bypass operation), protective measures are performed in the order of "Bypass - BlockingFailure alarm - Bypass continuation - Voltage reduction - Block" there is.

Block sequence 2 is a situation in which emergency measures are not required. For the rectifier side, the case is again divided into two cases. , Case 2 (when the current is not sufficiently reduced after the Forced Retard operation), it is stipulated that protective measures are performed in the order of "Forced Retard - BlockingFailure alarm - Forced Retard continued - Current reduction - Block".

For the inverter side, the cases are again divided into two cases. In Case 1, protective measures are performed in the order of "DC voltage Ramp (0V) - Block", and Case 2 (DC current and voltage are not reduced). case), it is stipulated that protection measures in the order of "DC voltage ramp (0V) - BlockingFailure alarm - voltage and current reduction - Block" will be performed.

Next, individual protection action control operations included in each of the aforementioned block sequences will be described.

2 and 3 are conceptual diagrams illustrating the concept of 'Forced Retard' and examples of 'Forced Retard' at the time of an accident.

Among the mentioned protection action control operations, 'Forced Retard' is a rectifier protection operation and means to extinguish the fault current by increasing the firing angle. It can be expressed in the way shown in

More specifically, in FIG. 3 , the rectifier-side firing angle is increased to an inverter region (approximately 155 degrees), and the DC fault current is suppressed through the firing angle increase (voltage polarity change).

Among the mentioned protection action control operations, 'Bypass' is an inverter protection operation and means reducing the DC voltage through a short circuit configuration.

4 is a simplified circuit diagram showing an inverter current flow when Bypass is performed as an inverter-side protection operation. As shown, when bypass is performed, two of the six valves in each bridge are short-circuited to flow the residual charge to the neutral line, and the valve that is conducted during the bypass operation may vary depending on the valve that was conducted before the failure.

5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a simulator that performs a driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to the spirit of the present invention.

The illustrated simulator includes a simulated operation unit 120 that accepts a trainee's operation during training; A block sequence model 160 defining block sequences composed of preset protective action operations for each situation that may occur in HVDC; For a block sequence selected from among the block sequences (according to a pre-specified time scale), a training output control unit 140 that generates a training screen showing status information by each of the protection action operations and outputs the generated training screen to a display; and a training setting unit 180 configured to generate the training screen.

The simulated manipulation unit 120 may be implemented as an on-screen input control (eg, on-screen button control, etc.) similar to an HMI of an actual HVDC system. For example, the simulated operation unit 120 may include a button control of the operation unit of a circuit breaker switch, which is finally operated by trainees in case of an accident, or may include a status inquiry button control for the other party's converter in the HVDC configuration. When the trainee manipulates the status inquiry button control for the counterpart converter, the process of selecting y in step S150 of FIG. 1 can be performed.

For example, the block sequence model 160 may be implemented in the form of recording the sequence of each protection measure operation of the rectifier and/or inverter according to the corresponding case of Block Sequence 1 to Block Sequence 5 described above.

The training output controller 140 may perform a driver manipulation training method for HVDC according to the spirit of the present invention, and accordingly output the training screen for a specific block sequence to a display.

For example, the training setting unit 180 may set a time scale applied to the time at which each protection measure operation constituting the block sequence is performed.

For example, the training setting unit 180 may receive a rectifier side or an inverter side as a training target and set to generate a training screen for an operator of the selected converter side.

6 to 10 illustrate training screens generated by the training output controller 140 .

Figure 6 is a simulator Plant - Overview screen, Figure 7 is a screen showing simulator RPC - Controls, Figure 8 is a screen simulating manual operation on the simulator, Figure 9 is a screen showing simulator Pole Control - Operational, Figure 10 is a screen that simulates the manual operation of the simulator Plant - Rectifier.

The illustrated training screens are for realizing HMI (Human Machine Interface) simulation under the same conditions as the field.

The training screens in FIG. 6 reflect the conversion station operation single-line diagram and implement the field operation environment, and the training screens in FIG. 7 simulate the filter automatic input and opening function according to the change in power transmission amount. It simulates control functions (MOSIC operation in case of HMI) such as circuit breaker, disconnector, and grounding switch blocking/opening. Manual This is a simulated screen to perform the mode control function manually.

11A to 11C illustrate explanation/tutorial screens provided by the training output control unit 140 to a trainee to implement a tutorial for a driver.

Fig. 11a is a screen for explaining each HMI page in the simulator for manual operation, Fig. 11b is an HMI DeBlock and Block tutorial screen, and Fig. 11c is an output screen when the DeBlock tutorial is selected.

In addition, the implementation of the block sequence protection operation may be expressed through variables inside the program in the case of Forced Retard and Bypass.

Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains should understand that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not limiting, since the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential characteristics thereof. only do The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. .

120: mock control unit
140: training output control unit
160: block sequence model
180: training setting unit

Claims (11)

A training start step of receiving a screen output instruction for driver training of the HVDC system;
A block sequence selection step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated at a corresponding training time point among a plurality of target block sequences for simulation; and
Outputting a training screen in which state information of a rectifier and/or an inverter is changed according to a predetermined time scale for the selected block sequence according to the selected block sequence
Driver manipulation training method for HVDC comprising a.
According to claim 1,
In the step of outputting the training screen,
outputting state information of a converter in charge of an educator among the rectifier and the inverter;
Receiving a request for outputting status information of a counterpart converter from the educator; and
Outputting state information of the counterpart converter
Driver manipulation training method for HVDC comprising a.
According to claim 1,
In the training initiation phase,
A driver operation training method for HVDC that selects a rectifier side or an inverter side as a training target.
According to claim 1,
After the step of outputting the training screen,
Selecting a block sequence to be simulated in the next unit training when the end condition of unit training is satisfied
Driver manipulation training method for HVDC comprising a.
According to claim 1,
In the block sequence selection step,
A driver manipulation training method for HVDC in which the plurality of block sequences are selected in a prearranged order or randomly selected.
According to claim 1,
In the step of outputting the training screen,
A driver manipulation training method for HVDC displaying states by the block, 'Forced Retard' and bypass operation of the rectifier and/or inverter on the training screen.
a simulated operation unit that accepts operation during trainee training;
A block sequence model defining block sequences composed of preset protective action operations for each situation that may occur in HVDC;
A training output control unit generating a training screen showing state information of each of the protective action operations for a block sequence selected from among the block sequences and outputting the generated training screen to a display; and
Training setting unit for performing settings for generating the training screen
A simulator containing
According to claim 7,
The mock operation unit,
Status inquiry button control for the counterpart converter in HVDC configuration
A simulator containing
According to claim 7,
The block sequence model,
A simulator having a behavior in which a sequence of each protective action operation of a rectifier and/or inverter according to each block sequence is recorded.
According to claim 9,
The training output control unit,
A simulator displaying on the training screen the state of the rectifier and/or the inverter by performing each protective action operation according to the sequence recorded in the block sequence model.
According to claim 7,
The training output control unit,
a training start step of receiving a screen output instruction for training;
A block sequence selection step of selecting a block sequence to be simulated at a corresponding training time point among a plurality of target block sequences for simulation; and
A simulator that performs the step of outputting a training screen in which state information of a rectifier and/or an inverter is changed according to a predetermined time scale for a selected block sequence.

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