KR20220164335A - SF6 gas decomposition device control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a SF_6 decomposition device. One embodiment of the present invention comprises: a gas supply and ignition step of supplying and igniting SF_6 gas, fuel, and air to a reactor and performing a pyrolysis reaction to generate high temperature decomposition gas; a post-processing step of receiving the high-temperature decomposed gas from a post-processing unit including a plurality of injection nozzles and reacting the same with a neutralizing liquid sprayed from the injection nozzles to neutralize and cool the same; and a control step in which a control unit that determines whether an abnormality has occurred by sensing the temperature, pressure, and concentration of the decomposed gas in at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit controls operations of the reactor and the post-processing unit. The efficiency is improved.

Description

SF6 decomposition device control method {SF6 gas decomposition device control method}

The present invention relates to a method for controlling an SF ₆ decomposition device, and more particularly, to a control method capable of preventing leakage of decomposition gas and a low decomposition rate in advance.

SF ₆ has excellent chemical and thermal stability and insulation performance, so it is widely used as an efficient insulating gas in various electrical facilities such as switchgear, GIS, and loop main circuit. However, SF ₆ As a greenhouse gas with a high degree of contribution to global warming compared to emissions (global warming potential is 23,900 times that of carbon dioxide), it needs to be decomposed and treated when emitted externally to reduce greenhouse gases.

Therefore, it is necessary to change and discharge the decomposed gas in a harmless state while maintaining a high decomposition rate, and it is necessary to prevent leakage of decomposition gas and occurrence of low decomposition rate in advance for efficient decomposition treatment.

An object of the present invention is to be able to prevent leakage of SF ₆ decomposed gas, low decomposition rate, and the like in advance.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency in supplying SF ₆ and post-processing cracked gas.

One embodiment of the present invention, SF ₆ Gas supply and ignition step of supplying and igniting gas, fuel and air to the reactor, and generating a high-temperature decomposition gas by thermal decomposition reaction; A post-processing step of receiving the high-temperature decomposition gas from a post-processing unit including a plurality of spray nozzles and neutralizing and cooling the decomposed gas by reacting with the neutralizing liquid sprayed from the spray nozzles; and a control step of controlling the operation of the reactor and the post-processing unit by a control unit that determines whether an abnormality has occurred by sensing the temperature, pressure, and concentration of the decomposed gas at at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit. can do.

Here, in the gas supply and ignition step, an input angle of the SF ₆ gas supplied to the reactor may be determined according to a state of the SF ₆ gas to be supplied.

In the post-processing step, the spraying angle of the neutralizing liquid of the spray nozzle may be adjusted.

In addition, the control step may include the temperature, pressure, and concentration of the decomposed gas at at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit measured by at least one instrument installed at at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit. an input step in which a related parameter is set as a measurement variable and a parameter that needs to be set in advance by a user is input as an input variable from the outside; an instrument value measurement step of receiving the values of the measurement variables sensed by the at least one instrument; and an abnormality determination step of determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the reactor or the post-processing unit by using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable.

In this case, in the input step, an alarm criterion for determining whether an alarm needs to be generated may be set based on the measurement variable and the externally inputted input variable.

In addition, in the input step, an operation criterion for determining whether an operation needs to be performed may be set based on the measured variable and the externally inputted input variable.

In the abnormality determination step, it is determined whether the alarm criterion is satisfied using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable measured by the instrument, and an alarm may be generated when the alarm criterion is satisfied. .

In the abnormality determination step, when the alarm criterion is satisfied, the occurrence of an alarm is output to a display unit along with an alarm generation time, and the display unit may be a means capable of visually providing whether or not an alarm has occurred to a user.

In addition, the abnormality determination step determines whether the operation criterion is satisfied using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable measured by the instrument, and if the operation criterion is satisfied, the reactor or the post-processing It can be controlled to perform specific actions.

In the abnormality determination step, when the operation criterion is satisfied, outputting that the specific operation has been performed along with an operation execution time to a display unit, and the display unit may be a means capable of visually providing whether or not the operation is performed to a user.

In addition, in the abnormality determination step, when the alarm criterion is not satisfied, the reactor or the post-processing unit outputs a normal state in which no abnormality has occurred to the display unit, and the display unit can visually provide a user with whether or not an operation has been performed. can be a means

According to the present invention, by measuring the temperature and pressure of the reactor and the post-processing unit, and the concentration of the decomposed gas, determining whether an abnormality has occurred, and by controlling the alarm and / or the operation of the reactor and the post-processing unit, leakage of SF ₆ decomposed gas, low decomposition rate, etc. can be prevented in advance.

In addition, according to the present invention, in supplying gas to the reactor, it is possible to adjust the residence time for the gas to react and to adjust the supply angle of the nozzle for supplying the neutralization liquid in the post-processing unit, so that the supply of SF ₆ and the decomposition gas Efficiency can be improved in post-processing.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an SF ₆ cracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing that SF ₆ gas is supplied to the reactor at different input angles.
3 is a view showing an example of an arrangement of spray nozzles in a post-processing unit.
4 is a diagram showing an example of a spray nozzle structure of a post-processing unit.
5A is a flow chart showing the flow of a method for controlling an SF ₆ decomposition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5b is a flow chart further showing the detailed flow of the control step in the flowchart of Figure 5a.
6 is a table showing measurement variables set in the input step and input variables input from the outside.
7 is a table showing alarm criteria and operation criteria input in the input step, and alarms and operations when each criteria is satisfied.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Since the present invention can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. This is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be construed as including all changes, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components may not be limited by the terms. These terms are only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The term "and/or" may include any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. can be understood On the other hand, when an element is referred to as “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another element, it may be understood that no other element exists in the middle.

Terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions may include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In this application, terms such as "comprise" or "having" are intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features It may be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries may be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the present application, interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning. It may not be.

In addition, the following embodiments are provided to more completely explain to those with average knowledge in the art, and the shapes and sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clearer explanation.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an SF ₆ decomposition device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing that SF ₆ gas is supplied to the reactor at different injection angles, and FIG. 3 shows an example of an injection nozzle arrangement in a post-processing unit. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a spray nozzle structure of a post-processing unit, FIG. 5A is a flow chart showing the flow of a method for controlling an SF ₆ decomposition device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a flow chart of FIG. 5A. 6 is a flowchart showing the detailed flow of the control step, and FIG. 6 is a table showing measurement variables set in the input step and input variables input from the outside, and FIG. This is a table showing alarms and actions when the expression is satisfied.

1 to 7, the SF ₆ decomposition apparatus control method according to an embodiment of the present invention supplies and ignites SF ₆ gas, fuel, and air to the reactor 300, and pyrolysis reacts to generate high-temperature decomposition gas. And an ignition step (S100), after receiving the high-temperature decomposition gas in the post-processing unit 400 including a plurality of spray nozzles 410, reacting with the neutralization liquid sprayed from the spray nozzles 410 to neutralize and cool it. In the processing step (S200) and the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400, the controller 500 senses the temperature, pressure, and concentration of the decomposed gas at at least one point to determine whether an abnormality has occurred. (300) and a control step (S300) of controlling the operation of the post-processing unit 400.

First, the SF ₆ decomposition device at this time may be a device that thermally decomposes SF ₆ gas. Thermal decomposition of SF ₆ gas is a technology of mixing SF ₆ gas with fuel such as H ₂ , natural gas, and LPG, and burning it at 1,200 ° C or higher to decompose it into HF and SO ₂ .

First, in step S100, the gas supply unit 100 supplies SF ₆ gas to the reactor 300. The gas supply unit 100 contains SF ₆ gas as a main component and further includes components such as SO ₂ , HF, SO ₃ , which are decomposition products of some SF ₆ , to supply waste SF ₆ gas that requires actual decomposition treatment to the reactor 300 It is a composition that

In addition, in step S100, the fuel and oxidant supply unit 200 connects with the gas supply unit 100 to supply LPG or LNG as fuel to the reactor 300 together with air as an oxidant, and supply air and fuel for combustion to the burner. Combustion for pyrolysis is performed through an ignition device.

In step S100, the waste SF ₆ gas is decomposed through the following reaction formula. When the thermal decomposition reaction proceeds, acid gases such as HF and SO ₃ are produced.

[Formula 1]

Gas supplied from the gas supply unit 100 may be supplied to the reactor 300 through a separate supply line. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the supply line may be configured to vary the input angle introduced into the reactor 300. That is, the input angle (A°) and the input angle (B°) are different from each other, and through this, the residence time of the waste SF ₆ gas in the reactor 300 can be adjusted. In the decomposition reaction shown in the thermal decomposition reaction equation, a desired decomposition rate can be achieved when a constant residence time is maintained at a temperature higher than the reference temperature according to the state of the waste SF ₆ gas. Controlling the retention time is important because unwanted products may be formed through side reactions when the retention time is out of range. The state of the waste SF ₆ gas requiring adjustment of the residence time may be the purity of the waste SF ₆ gas, and the purity may vary depending on the period of use of the gas, storage method, and the like.

Meanwhile, the input angle may be adjusted through a gear-shaped rotor. As shown in FIG. 2, when the input angle is a wide angle (B°), the residence time is adjusted to be long. In contrast, when the input angle is an included angle (A°), the gas may come down from the middle (b) of the reactor 300 and the residence time may be shortened.

Next, in S200, a process of neutralizing and cooling the high-temperature gas generated in the reactor 300 is performed, which is performed in the post-processing unit 400. The post-processing unit 400 supplies neutralization liquid to acidic gas generated during the decomposition reaction of SF ₆ gas to make it harmless and cools the high-temperature gas.

HF and SOx, which are decomposition products of SF6, can be neutralized with a neutralizing liquid. The neutralization liquid is a material capable of neutralizing acidic products, and materials such as Ca(OH) 2 or NaOH may be used. The neutralization liquid may be supplied through the supply pipe 411 of the spray nozzle 410 included in the post-processing unit 400 and sprayed from the supply nozzle 414 . After neutralization, it can be converted into harmless substances such as CaF2/CaSO4 or NaF/Na2SO4 for treatment. This may be achieved through the following reaction formula in the post-processing unit 400.

[Formula 2]

In addition, the spray nozzle 410 may include a gear 412 and the angle of the supply nozzle 414 of the spray nozzle 410 may be adjusted through the gear 412 . When the angle of the supply nozzle 414 is adjusted, contact between the sprayed neutralization liquid and the mixed gas can be maximized, so that the neutralization and cooling process efficiency of the gas can be increased. In addition, a flow control device 413 for controlling the flow rate of the neutralized liquid to be sprayed may be additionally provided in the spray nozzle 410 .

Step S300 is a step that proceeds simultaneously when steps S100 and S200 are performed, and determines whether an abnormality occurs while monitoring the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400, warns with an alarm when an abnormality occurs, and performs a specific operation to prevent device failure. step to perform. Step S300 may be performed by the control unit 500 provided to control the operation of the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400 .

Step S300 is the temperature, pressure, and decomposition gas at at least one point of the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400 measured by at least one instrument installed at at least one point of the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400. An input step (S3100) in which a parameter related to the concentration of is set as a measurement variable, and a parameter that needs to be set in advance by the user is input as an input variable from the outside (S3100), receiving the value of the measurement variable sensed by the at least one instrument It may include an instrument value measurement step (S3200) and an abnormality determination step (S3300) of determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the reactor 300 or the post-processing unit 400 using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable. there is.

The measured variables are parameters related to temperature, pressure, and concentration of cracked gas, and examples of these parameters are shown in the table of FIG. 6 . For example, PR_I is a measurement variable representing the input pipe pressure of the reactor 300, TR_1 is a measurement variable representing the temperature of a point (1st position) inside the reactor 300, and Set-PR-I is a measurement variable representing the reactor (300 ) is an input variable as the allowable pressure value of the input pipe part, and Set-PR_O is an input variable as the allowable pressure value of the pipe part at the rear end of the post-processing unit 400 (Quencher).

The measurement variable may be measured from an instrument installed at one point of the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400 . The instrument may be a thermometer, pressure gauge, concentration analyzer, or the like.

In the input step (S3100), an alarm criterion for determining whether an alarm needs to be generated may be set based on the measured variable and the externally inputted input variable.

On the other hand, in the abnormal determination step (S3300), it is determined whether the alarm criteria is satisfied using the values of the measured variables and input variables measured by the instrument (S3310), and if the alarm criteria are satisfied, the alarm unit 700 sends an alarm. (S3320) The alarm unit 700 may be a device that sends a visual or audible warning signal, and for example, the alarm unit 700 may be composed of a warning light or a speaker.

0.9의 값을 비교하여 PR_I 변수의 값이 더 큰 경우 반응기(300) 압력이 높은 이상이 발생한 것으로 판단할 수 있고 알람 발생이 필요한 것으로 판단할 수 있다.An example of an alarm criterion is shown in the table of FIG. 7 . For example, the value of PR_I variable measured by the instrument and Set PR_I

When the value of the PR_I variable is greater than the value of 0.9, it can be determined that an abnormality in the pressure of the reactor 300 has occurred and it can be determined that an alarm needs to be generated.

In the input step (S3100), an operation criterion for determining whether an operation needs to be performed may be set based on the measured variable and the externally inputted input variable.

On the other hand, in the abnormality determination step (S3300), it is determined whether the operation criterion is satisfied using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable measured by the instrument (S3330), and if the operation criterion is satisfied, the reactor 300 or the reactor 300 The post-processing unit 400 can be controlled to perform a specific operation (S3340).

1의 값을 비교하여 PR_O 변수의 값이 더 큰 경우 후처리부(400)의 출구 압력이 높은 이상이 발생한 것으로 판단할 수 있고 동작 수행이 필요한 것으로 판단할 수 있다.An example of the operation criterion is shown in the table of FIG. 7 . For example, the value of PR_O (the pressure of the pipe at the rear end of the post-processing unit 400, which is a measurement variable) measured by the instrument and the value of Set-PR_O

When the value of the PR_O variable is greater than the value of 1, it can be determined that an abnormality in the outlet pressure of the post-processing unit 400 has occurred and it can be determined that the operation needs to be performed.

On the other hand, the alarm criterion may be an operation criterion at the same time. That is, when both operation execution and alarm generation are required, one expression may be both an alarm reference expression and an action reference expression.

In addition, the operation at this time means a specific operation of the reactor 300 or the post-processing unit 400 to be performed to prevent failure of the device when an abnormality occurs, and as described above, the outlet pressure of the post-processing unit 400 is When it is determined that a high abnormality has occurred, an alarm may be generated, and at the same time, gas supply to the reactor 300 may be stopped, and forced venting of the reactor 300 may be performed as operations. More specifically, when the pressure difference between the front and rear ends of the drain valve of the post-processing unit 400 is greater than a set value due to salt generated by the neutralization (detoxification) reaction, an alarm is generated to prevent clogging. It is to check in advance and to open and control the emergency discharge valve of the post-processing unit 400 to perform an operation to prevent pressure increase. This situation does not occur at the beginning of operation of the device, but may occur locally at a low temperature of the outside air as well as a situation that may occur as the salt is precipitated beyond its solubility in water during continuous operation. Since these problems can cause problems in the operation of the entire process, problems can be prevented and gas treatment efficiency can be increased through alarms and appropriate operation control.

In addition, among the operating pressure abnormalities of FIG. 7 , the pressure-related abnormality in the reactor 300 may be caused by excessive supply of raw materials in the reactor 300 or clogging of the post-processing unit 400 through which gas is discharged. When setting alarms, High and HighHigh alarms are set separately as alarm types. In case of High notification, additional operation control is not performed to find out the cause. And the discharge valve in the reactor 300 can be operated. At this time, the operation of the discharge valve may be configured to operate after user approval.

The temperature abnormality can be determined by measuring the temperature in the reactor 300 and the post-processing unit 400 .

In the case of the reactor 300, a high temperature may occur when LNG or air for combustion is excessively supplied. At this time, by setting an alarm criterion to weight the temperature of the center of the reactor 300, it is possible to configure an alarm to occur according to a weighted average value. In addition, by setting the alarm criterion to use the standard deviation value for each measurement part of the temperature of the reactor 300, a local abnormal situation in the reactor 300 can also be detected and an alarm can be generated.

In the case of the post-processing unit 400, an alarm criterion may be set so that an alarm is generated by dividing a gas part and a liquid part inside the post-processing unit 400. This makes it possible to more reliably detect temperature anomalies.

The concentration or higher may be determined to have occurred when it is determined that an amount greater than the allowable value is discharged through analysis values of HF and SF ₆ in the reactor 300 or the post-processing unit 400. Concentration or higher not only affects the decomposition rate of SF ₆ , but also can cause a problem in that pollutants are discharged into the atmosphere, and in this case, it may be a cause of having an inappropriate residence time. In this case, as described above, the gas supply unit (100 ) to change the supply angle of the SF ₆ gas supplied to the SF ₆ gas so that the residence time can be adjusted. In addition, in order to prevent the effect of temporary disturbance on the analysis value, an alarm criterion and/or an operation criterion may be set to apply an average value from which noise filtering is removed, and an abnormality may be determined based on this.

On the other hand, in the abnormal determination step (S3300), when the alarm criteria is satisfied, the fact that an alarm has occurred may be output to the display unit 600 along with a display corresponding to the type of abnormal occurrence and the alarm occurrence time. (S3351) At this time, The display unit 600 may be a means capable of visually providing a user with whether or not an alarm has occurred. For example, the display unit 600 may be a device in which a display panel is installed.

In addition, in the abnormality determination step (S3300), when the operation criterion is satisfied, the fact that a specific operation has been performed can be output to the display unit 600 together with the display operation execution time corresponding to the type of operation execution (S3352).

In addition, in the abnormality determination step (S3300), when the alarm criterion is not satisfied, a normal state in which no abnormality has occurred in the reactor 300 or the post-processing unit 400 can be output to the display unit 600 (S3353).

As a result, it is possible to quickly determine whether or not an abnormality has occurred and the occurrence time, so that the device can be efficiently controlled.

As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature and pressure of the reactor and the post-processing unit and the concentration of the decomposed gas are measured to determine whether or not an abnormality has occurred, and by controlling the alarm and / or the operation of the reactor and the post-processing unit, the SF ₆ decomposed gas Leakage, low degradation rate, etc. can be prevented in advance.

In addition, according to the present invention, in supplying gas to the reactor, it is possible to adjust the residence time for the gas to react and to adjust the supply angle of the nozzle for supplying the neutralization liquid in the post-processing unit, so that the supply of SF ₆ and the decomposition gas Efficiency can be improved in post-processing.

Although the present invention has been described with limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and variations from these descriptions can be made by those skilled in the art in the field to which the present invention belongs. Therefore, the technical spirit of the present invention should be grasped only by the claims, and all equivalent or equivalent modifications thereof will be said to belong to the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

100: gas supply unit
200: fuel and oxidant supply unit
300: reactor
400: post-processing unit
410: injection nozzle
411: supply pipe
412: gear
413: flow regulator
414 supply nozzle
500: control unit
600: display unit
700: alarm unit

Claims (11)

A gas supply and ignition step of supplying and igniting SF ₆ gas, fuel, and air to a reactor and generating a high-temperature decomposition gas by thermal decomposition reaction;
A post-processing step of receiving the high-temperature decomposition gas from a post-processing unit including a plurality of spray nozzles and neutralizing and cooling the decomposed gas by reacting with the neutralizing liquid sprayed from the spray nozzles; and
A control step of controlling the operation of the reactor and the post-processing unit by a controller that determines whether an abnormality has occurred by sensing the temperature, pressure, and concentration of the decomposed gas at at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit; SF ₆ Cracker Control Method.
According to claim 1,
The gas supply and ignition steps,
SF ₆ decomposition device control method, characterized in that the input angle of the SF ₆ gas supplied to the reactor is determined according to the state of the SF ₆ gas to be supplied.
According to claim 1,
In the post-processing step,
SF ₆ decomposition device control method, characterized in that the spraying angle of the neutralizing liquid of the spray nozzle is adjusted.
According to claim 1,
The control step is
Parameters related to temperature, pressure, and concentration of the cracked gas at at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit measured by at least one instrument installed at at least one point of the reactor and the post-processing unit are set as measurement variables. an input step in which a parameter that needs to be set in advance by a user is input as an input variable from the outside;
an instrument value measurement step of receiving the values of the measurement variables sensed by the at least one instrument; and
An abnormality determination step of determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the reactor or the post-processing unit using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable; SF ₆ decomposition apparatus control method comprising a.
According to claim 4,
In the input step,
SF ₆ decomposition apparatus control method, characterized in that for setting an alarm criterion for determining whether an alarm needs to be generated based on the measured variable and the input variable input from the outside.
According to claim 5,
In the input step,
SF ₆ decomposition apparatus control method, characterized in that for setting an operation criterion formula for determining whether an operation needs to be performed based on the measured variable and the input variable input from the outside.
According to claim 6,
In the abnormality determination step,
SF ₆ decomposition apparatus control method, characterized in that by using the value of the measured variable and the value of the input variable measured by the instrument to determine whether the alarm criterion is satisfied, and to generate an alarm when the alarm criterion is satisfied .
According to claim 7,
In the abnormality determination step,
SF ₆ decomposition apparatus control method, characterized in that when the alarm criterion is satisfied, an alarm is output to a display unit together with an alarm occurrence time, and the display unit is a means capable of visually providing a user with whether an alarm has occurred.
According to claim 6,
In the abnormality determination step,
Using the value of the measured variable measured by the instrument and the value of the input variable, it is determined whether the operation criterion is satisfied, and when the operation criterion is satisfied, the reactor or the post-processing unit is controlled to perform a specific operation SF ₆ decomposition device control method, characterized in that.
According to claim 9,
In the abnormality determination step,
When the operation criterion is satisfied, outputting that the specific operation has been performed along with an operation execution time to a display unit, and the display unit is a means capable of _visually providing a user with whether or not the operation is performed.
According to claim 6,
In the abnormality determination step,
When the alarm criterion is not satisfied, a normal state in which no abnormality has occurred in the reactor or the post-processing unit is output to a display unit, and the display unit is a means capable of visually providing whether or not an operation is performed to a user. SF ₆ , characterized in that Cracker control method.

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