KR20220152417A - CNT composite having controlled electrical resistance, a preparing method thereof and a heat radiant composition comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, a material having excellent electrical insulation and heat dissipation performance was prepared by using carbon nanotubes as an electrode body of an electrolytic cell to form an electrically neutral coating film. The composite material according to the present invention can be applied to the manufacture of PCBs, which are core components of electrical and electronic devices, to satisfy various product specifications through content control. Since unnecessary excessive performance can be controlled, an effect of reducing process cost can be said to be great.

Description

CNT composite having controlled electrical resistance, a preparing method thereof and a heat radiant composition comprising same}

The present invention relates to a carbon nanotube composite material having controlled electrical resistance characteristics, a manufacturing method thereof, and a heat dissipation composition having excellent insulation and heat dissipation properties using the carbon nanotube composite material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] With the development of technology in the fields of electronic products, automobiles, aviation, and medical devices, electronic devices are being miniaturized and geometric shapes are becoming increasingly complex.

Heat dissipation function is important because the performance and lifespan of electronic devices are directly affected when the temperature rises during use.

That is, as electronic devices are miniaturized, heat dissipation that relied on convection and internal ventilators is not sufficient, and heat dissipation of the PCB itself, where the heat of the electronic device begins, is given priority, but heat dissipation on the PCB is very difficult.

In order to improve the heat dissipation characteristics of the PCB itself, metal-based or carbon-based fillers are mixed and used for manufacturing the board. Since these materials are electrically conductive materials, current flows on the surface of the PCB board, which causes short circuits and fires. because there is Therefore, in order to make them into insulators, there is a disadvantage in that they have to go through several second and third processes.

In particular, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting attention as carbon-based fillers. CNTs are applied in various fields because they have excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, tensile strength, and chemical resistance. Since CNT has a thermal conductivity >3000 W/m·K, it has excellent heat dissipation characteristics. However, the volume electrical resistivity <1.0x10 ^-6 Since it is very low as Ω cm, if it is used directly on a PCB board, current flows on the board surface and there is a risk of fire due to short circuit.

Accordingly, the present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of studying a method capable of controlling the electrical resistance characteristics of CNTs.

An object of the present invention is to provide a CNT having controlled surface electrical resistance characteristics so that it can be used to prepare a composition having excellent insulating and heat dissipating properties.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a method for producing CNTs with controlled surface electrical resistance properties.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation composition having excellent insulation and heat dissipation properties by using CNTs having controlled surface electrical resistance characteristics.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention is a carbon nanotube Provided is a carbon nanotube composite material including particles and a binder and having electrically neutral coating films on inner and outer surfaces of the carbon nanotube particles.

According to one embodiment, the coating film is Na, Ca, Al, K, It may include one or more materials selected from Mg.

According to one embodiment, the binder may be at least one selected from an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, and a urethane resin.

According to one embodiment, the particle diameter of the carbon nanotube composite material may be 1 μm to 500 μm.

According to one embodiment, the weight ratio of the carbon nanotube particles and the binder in the carbon nanotube composite material may be 50 to 80:20 to 50.

According to one embodiment, the thickness of the coating film may be 1 μm or less.

The present invention is also a method for producing the carbon nanotube composite,

Preparing an electrode plate by mixing carbon nanotubes and a binder;

Installing the electrode plate as an anode and a cathode in an electrolytic cell and injecting an electrolyte;

Direct current is passed between the anode and the cathode, and at the anode, the anion of the electrolyte forms neutral molecules through an oxidation reaction in which electrons are lost, and in the cathode, a neutral molecule is formed through a reduction reaction in which the cations of the electrolyte gain electrons. forming a coating film by penetrating the surface and inside of the electrode plate with neutral molecules formed from the anode or cathode; and

Provided is a carbon nanotube electrical coating method comprising the step of obtaining the above-described carbon nanotube composite material by crushing an electrode plate on which a neutral molecular coating film is formed.

According to one embodiment, the electrolyte may be an aqueous solution containing one or more compounds selected from Na, Ca, Al, K and Mg.

According to one embodiment, the DC electricity may have a voltage of 1 to 100V and a current of 0.5 to 10A.

The present invention also relates to the above-described carbon nanotube composite, polymer resin, and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), silicon carbide (SiC) and boron nitride (BN) It provides one heat dissipation composition containing at least one selected from.

According to one embodiment, the heat dissipation composition may further include a stabilizer.

The present invention also provides a heat dissipation substrate including a heat dissipation sheet laminate in which one or more heat dissipation sheets made of the heat dissipation composition are laminated.

According to one embodiment, the heat dissipation substrate may be obtained by laminating copper foil on at least one surface of the heat dissipation sheet laminate.

According to one embodiment, the heat dissipation substrate may have a volume electrical resistivity of 1x10 ¹⁴ Ω·cm or more, and a thickness direction thermal conductivity of 2 to 5 W/m·K.

The present invention also provides a PCB board using the heat dissipation board.

In the present invention, a carbon nanotube composite material having excellent insulation and heat dissipation properties was prepared by increasing electrical resistance by manufacturing a carbon nanotube composite material by an electrical coating method using carbon nanotubes as electrodes of an electrolytic cell. Conventional carbon nanotubes have limitations in their applications due to their low electrical resistance, but the carbon nanotube composite according to the present invention has excellent insulation properties, so it has insulation and heat dissipation properties such as electricity, electronics, telecommunications, automobiles, medical care, and precision measurement. It has become possible to apply to all required fields. In particular, when applied to the manufacture of a PCB board, which requires both insulation and heat dissipation performance as a key component of electronic devices, a board having excellent insulation and heat dissipation can be provided. In addition, by appropriately adjusting the content of the carbon nanotube composite according to the present invention, it is possible to easily satisfy various specifications required for each product, and thus diversified device design is possible.

1 schematically illustrates a CNT manufacturing process according to the present invention.
2 schematically shows a heat dissipation substrate structure.
3 is a photograph of a heat dissipation substrate according to Example 2;

Hereinafter, a carbon nanotube composite material according to the present invention, a manufacturing method thereof, and a heat dissipating composition using the same will be described in detail.

The present invention provides a carbon nanotube composite material having increased electrical resistance by using carbon nanotubes as electrodes for an electrolytic cell of an aqueous electrolyte so as to form a neutral coating film on carbon nanotube particles.

Specifically, the carbon nanotube composite material according to the present invention includes carbon nanotube particles and a binder, and is characterized in that an electrically neutral coating film is present on the inner and outer surfaces of the carbon nanotube particles.

These carbon nanotube composites,

Preparing an electrode plate by mixing carbon nanotube particles and a binder;

Installing the electrode plate as an anode and a cathode in an electrolytic cell and injecting an electrolyte;

Direct current is passed between the anode and the cathode, at the anode, the anion of the electrolyte forms neutral molecules through an oxidation reaction in which electrons are lost, and in the cathode, a neutral molecule is formed through a reduction reaction in which the cations of the electrolyte gain electrons. forming a coating film by penetrating the surface and inside of the electrode plate with neutral molecules formed from the anode or cathode; and

It can be manufactured by a method comprising the step of obtaining a carbon nanotube composite material by crushing the electrode plate on which the neutral molecular coating film is formed.

1 schematically shows the configuration of an electrolytic cell using carbon nanotube electrodes to manufacture a carbon nanotube composite according to the present invention.

Anode and cathode electrode plates used in the electrolytic cell are prepared by mixing carbon nanotubes and a binder.

The carbon nanotubes used as raw materials in the present invention may be single-walled, double-walled, or multi-walled, and may also be bundled.

In addition, carbon nanotubes used as raw materials may have a diameter of 5 to 50 nm and a length of 0.5 to 3 μm. Preferably, it may have a diameter of 10 to 30 nm and a length of 0.5 to 2 μm, and most preferably a diameter of 10 to 20 nm and a length of 1 to 2 μm.

The binder is used not only to mold carbon nanotubes into an electrode plate, but also to impart thermal lattice vibration, that is, a phonon function, in order to maximize heat dissipation characteristics of a final product.

The binder may be one or more of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, a urethane resin, and an acrylic resin, and may include an epoxy resin according to a preferred embodiment.

The weight ratio of the carbon nanotubes used as raw materials and the binder may be 50 to 80:20 to 50, preferably 65 to 75:25 to 35. If the weight ratio of the carbon nanotubes and the binder is out of the above range and the content of the carbon nanotubes is too small, the electrical coating amount may be insufficient, and if the content is too large, the electrode plate shape cannot be manufactured.

The electrolyte may be an aqueous solution containing at least one compound selected from Na, Ca, Al, K, and Mg, and preferably may be an aqueous electrolyte containing a potassium compound or a sodium compound. Examples of the potassium compound include potassium chloride and potassium iodide, and examples of the sodium compound include sodium chloride and sodium iodide. The electrolyte may be added in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of water.

DC electricity applied to the electrolytic cell may have a voltage of 1 to 100V and a current of 0.5 to 10A. Preferably, the voltage may be 10V or higher, 15V or higher, or 20V or higher, and 90V or lower, 80V or lower, 70V or lower, 60V or lower, 50V or lower, 40V or lower, or 30V or lower. The current may be greater than 1A, greater than 2A, greater than 3A, or greater than 4A, and less than 9A, less than 8A, less than 7A, or less than 6A.

When DC electricity is applied to an electrolytic cell in which carbon nanotube electrode plates are installed as anode and cathode, neutral molecules are formed through an oxidation reaction in which the anion of the electrolyte loses electrons in the carbon nanotube electrode plate, which is the anode, and in the cathode Positive ions of the electrolyte form neutral molecules through a reduction reaction in which electrons are obtained, and neutral molecules formed at the anode or cathode penetrate the surface and inside of the electrode plate to form a coating film. That is, since neutral molecules form a coating film, the electrical conductivity of the carbon nanotube surface is offset.

For example, when an aqueous solution of sodium chloride is used as an electrolyte, the following reaction occurs at the anode, and since a separate catalyst is not used, water is not electrolyzed.

[Scheme 1]

2Cl ^- → Cl ₂ ↑ + 2e ^-

On the other hand, the following reaction occurs at the cathode.

[Scheme 2]

Na ⁺ + e ^- → Na

In addition, a reaction shown in Reaction Formula 3 may occur in an aqueous electrolyte solution.

[Scheme 3]

Cl ₂ + H ₂ O ⇔ HClO + H ⁺ + Cl ^-

On the surface of the anode, chlorine gas (Cl ₂ ) is generated as chlorine ions lose electrons, and on the surface of the cathode, Na ⁺ ions receive electrons and Na is produced, coating the carbon nanotube. may continue to react with water to form hypochlorous acid (HClO).

Meanwhile, the solvent used in the aqueous electrolyte solution may be deionized water or non-purified water such as tap water. Mineral ions such as Ca ²⁺ or Mg ²⁺ may exist in a small amount in tap water, and these products also receive electrons to form Ca and Mg. impede the flow of

The coating film formed on the carbon nanotube electrode plate through the above process may include one or more materials selected from Na, Ca, Al, K, and Mg. This material is electrically neutral and may be in a dendrite crystal state.

In the present invention, by electrically coating the carbon nanotube electrodes with cationic materials in the electrolytic cell, the materials allow inorganic substances such as Na, Ca, Al, K, and Mg to grow dendrites on the inside and surface of the carbon nanotube electrode plate. .

In the present invention, anion or cation of the electrolyte penetrates and bonds to the surface and inside of the electrode plate to form a coating film of neutral molecules, and then pulverizes the electrode plate on which the neutral molecule coating film is formed to obtain carbon nanotube composite particles. You can get it.

The thickness of the coating film may be 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 to 1 μm. If the thickness of the coating film is too large, there may be a problem in heat dissipation characteristics.

The particle diameter of the carbon nanotube composite obtained by crushing the electrode plate may be 1 μm to 500 μm, preferably 1 μm to 50 μm, but is not limited thereto. Depending on the use of the composite material, its particle size can be appropriately adjusted by adjusting the crushing strength.

Since the carbon nanotube composite according to the present invention significantly increases the electrical resistance of the carbon nanotube, it is particularly suitable for applications requiring electrical insulation and heat dissipation.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a heat dissipation composition including a carbon nanotube composite.

The heat dissipation composition may include a carbon nanotube composite according to the present invention, a polymer resin, and at least one selected from alumina (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), and boron nitride (BN).

In addition, the heat dissipation composition may further include a stabilizer and may further include a diluent for viscosity control.

The content of the carbon nanotube composite may be 1 to 5% by weight based on the solid weight of the heat dissipating composition.

Here, the polymer resin may be one or more selected from epoxy resins, urethane resins, silicon resins, and acrylic resins. The polymer resin is used not only to mold into a desired shape, but also to impart thermal lattice vibration, that is, a phonon function, in order to maximize heat dissipation characteristics of the final product. The content of the polymer resin may be 19 to 44% by weight based on the weight of the solid content in the composition.

Alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), silicon carbide (SiC) and boron nitride (BN) are used to control the thermal expansion coefficient and improve thermal conductivity, and the content of these components can be 55 to 80% by weight based on the solid content weight in the composition. have. The stabilizer serves as heat stabilization and antioxidant protection, and may be Zn, Ca, Mg, Zr, or an amine-based compound. Here, Zn, Ca, and Mg may be fatty acid salts, zirconia may be cubic zirconia (CZ), and amine-based compounds may be fatty amines. The fatty acid of the fatty acid salt may be a fatty acid having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably a saturated fatty acid having 14 to 20 carbon atoms. The content of the stabilizer may be 0.01 to 1 part by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the solid content.

The diluent is also called a solvent or a solvent, and serves to appropriately adjust the viscosity of the composition. Xylene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), thinner, etc. can be used.

A diluent may be added to the composition so that the viscosity is 3000 to 4000 cPs and stirred. For example, based on 100 parts by weight of the solid content, 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 20 parts by weight may be used. According to one embodiment, the heat-dissipating composition may be used for manufacturing a heat-dissipating PCB.

According to a preferred embodiment, 1 to 5% by weight of the carbon nanotube composite material according to the present invention, 20 to 34% by weight of a polymer resin, and 65 to 75% by weight of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) based on 100% by weight of the solid content in the composition. may include

The prepared heat-dissipating composition may be administered to a chamber of a sheet processing machine and calendered and dried to manufacture a heat-dissipating sheet. It is preferable that the heat dissipation sheet has a thickness of 60 μm to 100 μm, which is to prevent the generation of air bubbles.

In addition, a heat radiation sheet may be manufactured by laminating several sheets in a semi-dry state (B-Stage state) and then pressing them. Depending on the required thickness, the number of laminated sheets can be appropriately selected.

For example, in order to manufacture a heat dissipation sheet having a thickness of about 1.5 to 2 mm, 15 to 20 sheets having a thickness of 100 μm may be laminated and then compressed.

The heat dissipation sheet manufactured as described above may be used as a heat dissipation substrate, in particular, a PCB substrate after copper foil lamination. Copper foil lamination may use a method known in the related art.

The PCB substrate manufactured using the carbon nanotube composite according to the present invention has a volume electrical resistance of 1x10 ¹⁴ Ω cm or more, so it has excellent electrical insulation, and a thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of 2 to 5 W / m K. It also has excellent heat dissipation.

Hereinafter, it will be described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the scope of the present invention should not be limited or reduced by the following examples, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 - Preparation of carbon nanotube composite

In order to prepare the electrolytic cell as shown in FIG. 1, the cathode and anode electrode bodies were prepared as follows.

700 g of carbon nanotubes (multi-walled MWCNTs, 5-10 nm in diameter, 5-30 μm in length) and 300 g of epoxy resin (type bisphenol A) were mixed and stirred at room temperature. After the resultant was filled in a mold of a predetermined standard, it was heated and cured to obtain an electrode body having a thickness of 20 mm, a width of 40 mm, and a length of 80 mm.

Two identical electrode bodies were used, one as a negative electrode and the other as an anode.

As an electrolyte, 3 parts by weight of sodium chloride (NaCl) was added to 100 parts by weight of tap water.

The DC voltage applied to the electrolyzer was 24V and the current was 5A, and electrolysis was performed for 1 to 5 hours.

After operating the electrolytic cell for a certain period of time, it was confirmed that the dendrite material containing Na formed a film with a thickness of about 0.5 to 1 μm microns on the electrode plates used as the cathode and anode electrode bodies. As a result of analyzing the components of the film, it was found that in addition to Na, Ca, Al, K, and Mg were also present in small amounts. These appear to be derived from components contained in tap water (calcium 14.9 mg/L, magnesium 2.6 mg/L, potassium 1.6 mg/L, aluminum < 0.1 mg/L).

The result of measuring the volume resistance of the electrode plate is as follows (volume resistance tester: Hioki 3453, applied voltage 500V).

electrolysis time
(hr) 0 One 2 3 4 5 Resistance (MΩ) not measurable 0.002 0.7 25 75290 81350

From the above results, it can be seen that a high electrical resistance of 7.5x10 ^{10 Ω after operating the electrolytic cell for 4 hours and 8.1x10 10 Ω} after operating the electrolytic cell for 5 hours was obtained. That is, the electrical resistance value of the carbon nanotube electrode body obtained after operating the electrolyzer for 4 and 5 hours is a value that can be used as a heat dissipation material.

After operating the electrolytic cell for 5 hours, the obtained electrode plate was pulverized with a ball mill to obtain a carbon nanotube composite having a particle size of 1 μm to 50 μm.

Example 2 - Heat Dissipation Substrate Manufacturing

100 parts by weight of a composition containing 1% by weight of the carbon nanotube composite material prepared in Example 1, 29% by weight of epoxy resin, and 70% by weight of alumina, 10 parts by weight of MEK as a diluent, 0.1 part by weight of calcium stearate and zinc as a stabilizer After adding 0.1 parts by weight of stearate, the mixture was stirred. The viscosity of the diluted composition was about 3500 cPs.

After putting the composition on a sheet maker, it was dried at 80° C. for 5 min to obtain a semi-dried sheet having a thickness of about 100 microns. After stacking 18 of these sheets, they were compressed at 100° C. under a pressure of 10 kg for 20 min and at 200° C. under a pressure of 40 kg for 80 min to obtain an insulating sheet having a thickness of about 1.8 mm (error < -3%). A heat dissipation substrate was manufactured by a comma process by laminating copper foil on both sides of an insulating sheet, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 2 . 3 is a plane photograph of the manufactured heat dissipation substrate.

Test Example 1 - Electrical Resistance Characteristics

Surface resistance and volume resistance of the heat dissipation substrate prepared in Example 2 were measured. The test conditions are as follows.

The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

SD: standard deviation

CV; Coefficient of variation =(SD/average)x100

From the above results, it can be seen that the heat dissipation substrate according to the present invention has a very high electrical resistance and excellent electrical insulation.

Test Example 2 - Heat Dissipation Performance

Table 3 shows the results of testing the heat dissipation performance of the heat dissipation substrate prepared in Example 2.

Test Condition Unit Value Test Method Coefficient of Temperature Expansion (CTE x-y : ) (50~260℃) ppm 9 to 42 TMA Coefficient of Temperature Expansion (CTE z : ) (50~260℃) ppm 29 to 128 TMA Glass Transition Temperature ( Tg ) ℃ > 170 TMA Tensile Strength MPa > 83 ASTM D412 Tensile Modulus MPa > 6,800 ASTM D412 Elongation % < 7 ASTM D412 Dielectric Constant (Dk, 1 GHz) 1GHz 4.3(5.8) ASTM D150 Dielectric Loss Constant (Df) 1GHz <0.018 (<0.037) ASTM D150 Moisture Absorption (100℃, 1hr) 0.8t % <0.25 ASTM D570 Volume Resistance Ω-cm > 10 ¹⁴ ASTM D257 Peel Strength, 288℃, 10sec kg/cm 2.43 ASTM D903 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage (23℃, RH 50%, AC3000V/s) KV > 42 ASTM D149 Dielectric Breakdown Strength(23℃, RH 50%, AC3000V/s) KV/mm > 24 ASTM D149 Continuous Use Temperature ℃ -50 to +210 HK Method Heat Release in Vertical W/mK 2.9 to 3.1 ASTM D5470 Flammability - V-0 UL94 Bending Ability (Diameter for 180° Bending) mm R8 HK Method

According to the heat dissipation test results, the heat release substrate manufactured using the carbon nanotube composite manufactured by the method according to the present invention has a heat release in vertical of 2.9 to 3.1 W/m·K, which is very large. Compared to conventional heat dissipation substrates with only 0.5 to 2.0 W/m·K, its superiority becomes clear.

In addition, the heat dissipation substrate according to the present invention has a thermal expansion coefficient of 50 to 260 ° C. of 9 to 42 ppm (CTEx-y) and only 29 to 128 ppm (CTEz), a peel strength at 288 ° C. is as high as 2.43 kg / cm, and a breakdown voltage It can be seen that the physical properties are also excellent above this 42 kV.

As described above, the present invention utilizes carbon nanotubes as an electrolysis electrode body to form an electrically neutral coating film, thereby manufacturing a material with excellent electrical insulation and heat dissipation performance. The composite material according to the present invention can be applied to the manufacture of PCBs, which are core parts of electric and electronic devices, through content control to satisfy various product specifications and control excessive unnecessary performance, so the effect of reducing process costs can be great. have.

Claims (15)

A carbon nanotube composite including carbon nanotube particles and a binder, and having an electrically neutral coating film on inner and outer surfaces of the carbon nanotube particles. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating film is Na, Ca, Al, K, A carbon nanotube composite material containing at least one material selected from Mg. The carbon nanotube composite according to claim 1, wherein the binder is at least one selected from epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicon resin, and urethane resin. The carbon nanotube composite material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the carbon nanotube composite material is 1 μm to 500 μm. The carbon nanotube composite according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nanotube particles and the binder in the carbon nanotube composite is 50 to 80:20 to 50. The carbon nanotube composite according to claim 1, wherein the coating film has a thickness of 1 μm or less. Preparing an electrode plate by mixing carbon nanotubes and a binder;
Installing the electrode plate as an anode and a cathode in an electrolytic cell and injecting an electrolyte;
Direct current is passed between the anode and the cathode, and at the anode, the anion of the electrolyte forms neutral molecules through an oxidation reaction in which electrons are lost, and in the cathode, a neutral molecule is formed through a reduction reaction in which the cations of the electrolyte gain electrons. forming a coating film by penetrating the surface and inside of the electrode plate with neutral molecules formed from the anode or cathode; and
A method for producing a carbon nanotube composite material by an electrical coating method comprising the step of obtaining the carbon nanotube composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by crushing an electrode plate on which a neutral molecular coating film is formed. The method of claim 7, wherein the electrolyte is an aqueous solution containing one or more compounds selected from Na, Ca, Al, K, and Mg. The method of claim 7, wherein the direct current is a voltage of 1 to 100V and a current of 0.5 to 10A. A heat dissipation composition comprising the carbon nanotube composite according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a polymer resin, and at least one selected from alumina, silicon carbide, and boron nitride. The heat dissipation composition according to claim 10, further comprising a stabilizer. A heat dissipation substrate comprising a heat dissipation sheet laminate in which one or more heat dissipation sheets made of the heat dissipation composition of claim 10 are laminated. The heat dissipation substrate according to claim 12, which is manufactured by laminating copper foil on at least one surface of the heat dissipation sheet laminate. The heat dissipation substrate according to claim 12, wherein the PCB substrate has a volume electrical resistivity of 1x10 ¹⁴ Ω·cm or more and a thickness direction thermal conductivity of 2 to 5 W/m·K. The PCB board according to claim 12, wherein the heat dissipation board is used.

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