KR20220116997A - Arrangement Method In Ship consuming Variety Fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A deploying method in a heterogeneous fuel ship is disclosed. According to the present invention, the deploying method in a heterogeneous fuel ship includes, in a ship equipped with an engine using liquefied natural gas (LNG) and ammonia as fuel, the steps of: arranging a fuel tank area in which an LNG tank for storing LNG is installed under the ship cabin of the ship; dividing a forepeak ballast tank area provided at the bow end of the ship into three sections of upper, middle, and lower positions; and arranging a heterogeneous fuel tank area in which a tank that does not require a change in ship structure is installed in the forepeak ballast tank area of the middle section.

Description

Arrangement Method In Ship consuming Variety Fuel

The present invention relates to a method for disposing a ship with a heterogeneous fuel, and more particularly, to a method for disposing a ship equipped with an engine using LNG and ammonia as fuel.

In recent years, the consumption of liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) is rapidly increasing worldwide. The liquefied gas obtained by liquefying the gas at a low temperature has the advantage of increasing the storage and transport efficiency because the volume is very small compared to the gas. In addition, liquefied gas including liquefied natural gas can remove or reduce air pollutants during the liquefaction process, so it can be viewed as an eco-friendly fuel that emits less air pollutants during combustion.

Liquefied natural gas is a colorless and transparent liquid obtained by cooling and liquefying natural gas containing methane to about -162°C, and has a volume of about 1/600 compared to natural gas. Accordingly, when the natural gas is liquefied and transported, it can be transported very efficiently.

However, since the liquefaction temperature of natural gas is a cryogenic temperature of -162 ℃ atmospheric pressure, liquefied natural gas is sensitive to temperature changes and evaporates easily. For this reason, the storage tank that stores the liquefied natural gas is insulated, but since external heat is continuously transferred to the storage tank, the liquefied natural gas is continuously naturally vaporized in the storage tank during the process of transporting the liquefied natural gas, resulting in boil-off gas (Boil). -Off Gas, BOG) occurs.

BOG is a type of loss and is an important problem in transport efficiency. In addition, when the boil-off gas is accumulated in the storage tank, the internal pressure of the tank may increase excessively, and in severe cases, there is a risk of the tank being damaged. Accordingly, various methods for treating BOG generated in the storage tank are being studied. Recently, for the treatment of BOG, a method of re-liquefying BOG and returning it to the storage tank, and turning BOG into fuel such as a ship's engine, etc. A method of using it as an energy source of a consumer is being used.

As a method for re-liquefying BOG, a method of re-liquefying BOG by heat exchange with a refrigerant by having a refrigeration cycle using a separate refrigerant, a method of re-liquefying BOG itself as a refrigerant without a separate refrigerant, etc. There is this.

On the other hand, there are gas fuel engines such as DFDE, X-DF engine, ME-GI engine as an engine that can use natural gas as fuel among engines generally used in ships.

The DFDE is composed of four strokes, and adopts an Otto Cycle in which natural gas having a relatively low pressure of about 5.5 barg is injected into the combustion air inlet, and the piston rises and compresses it.

The X-DF engine is composed of two strokes, uses about 15 barg of natural gas as fuel, and adopts an auto cycle.

The ME-GI engine is composed of two strokes, and adopts a diesel cycle in which high-pressure natural gas near 300 barg is directly injected into the combustion chamber near top dead center of the piston.

Efforts are being made worldwide to reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to the intensification of global warming, and as the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which included the obligations of advanced countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, expired in 2020, the According to the Paris Climate Change Accord adopted at the 21st United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and entered into force in November 2016, 195 Parties participating in the agreement are making various efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Along with this global trend, interest in renewable energy (or renewable energy) such as wind power, solar power, solar heat, bio-energy, tidal power, geothermal heat, etc. as a non-polluting energy that can replace fossil fuels and nuclear power has increased and various technologies have been developed. is losing

Although LNG is regarded as an eco-friendly fuel compared to other fossil fuels, it still generates carbon dioxide when burned, and ships using it as fuel emit carbon dioxide during operation.

Various studies are being conducted on eco-friendly fuels that can reduce carbon dioxide emissions during ship operation, and recently, a technology for a ship engine that can use ammonia as a fuel along with LNG has been developed.

Ammonia (NH ₃ ) is a material in which three hydrogens are bonded to one nitrogen, and it is easy to liquefy because it can form strong hydrogen bonds between molecules.

Ammonia has a boiling point of -33.34℃ and a melting point of -77.73℃ at normal pressure, which is quite different from LNG, which has a liquefaction temperature of around -162℃. Each tank is required for separate storage.

An object of the present invention is to propose an arrangement method that can secure an installation space for a storage tank necessary to supply LNG and ammonia as fuel, and efficiently utilize the space inside the ship, without adding deformation to the structure of the ship.

According to one aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems, in a ship equipped with an engine using LNG and ammonia as fuel,

disposing a fuel tank area in which an LNG tank for storing LNG is installed in the lower part of the residence of the ship;

By dividing the forepeak ballast tank area provided at the fore end of the ship into three compartments of the upper, middle, and lower parts, a tank that does not require a ship structure change is installed in the forepeak ballast tank area of the middle part There is provided a disposition method of a dissimilar fuel vessel, characterized in that disposing a dissimilar fuel tank area.

Preferably, an ammonia storage tank for storing ammonia to be supplied as fuel of the engine may be provided in the heterogeneous fuel tank area.

Preferably, a rudder shaft space for adjusting the sailing direction of the vessel is arranged at the stern end, and a small tank can be arranged in an area other than the rudder shaft space among the afterpeak ballast tank areas at the stern end. .

Preferably, the small tank may store the ammonia or the SCR catalyst.

Preferably, the fuel tank area may be divided into two or more spaces including a space in which the LNG tank is disposed and a space in which an ammonia tank for storing ammonia to be supplied to the engine is disposed.

Preferably, the fuel tank area is divided into the spaces according to the ammonia storage temperature in the ammonia tank, and the ammonia tank disposed in the space of the fuel tank area is an insulating material for reducing the amount of vaporization in the LNG tank. function can be performed.

According to the present invention, in a ship provided with an engine using LNG and ammonia as fuel, a tank necessary for using different fuels can be additionally installed without deformation of the ship structure.

According to the usage time and frequency of use of the tank, each tank is effectively arranged in the space such as the stern, bow, and living quarters to increase space utilization and to efficiently utilize the space inside the ship.

Through this, it is easy to apply to existing ships, so existing ships can be converted into ships that use eco-friendly fuels without additional design changes, can be applied to various types of ships, and can be used to minimize carbon dioxide emitted from ships and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. can contribute

1 schematically shows a cross-section of a bow and aft end of a vessel to which the arrangement method of the present invention is applied.
2 schematically shows an example in which the arrangement method of the present invention is applied to various ships.
3 schematically shows an example in which a fuel tank area is partitioned according to the arrangement method of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the operational advantages of the present invention and the objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described in the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, in adding reference signs to the elements of each drawing, it should be noted that only the same elements are indicated by the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are indicated on different drawings.

Hereinafter, in the ship in the present invention, an engine capable of using LNG and boil-off gas (BOG) and ammonia generated from LNG as fuel for an engine for in-board propulsion or power generation is installed or used as a fuel for an on-board engine These are all types of ships that operate, including ships with self-propelled capabilities such as LNG carriers, liquid hydrogen carriers, and LNG RVs (Regasification Vessels), LNG FPSO (Floating Production Storage Offloading), and LNG FSRU (Floating It may include offshore structures that do not have propulsion capabilities, such as a Storage Regasification Unit, but are floating in the sea.

1 schematically shows a cross section of the bow and stern end of a ship to which the arrangement method of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 shows an example in which the arrangement method of the present invention is applied to various ships, and FIG. 3 is a fuel tank according to the arrangement method of the present invention Each of several examples in which zones are partitioned are schematically illustrated.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , in the arrangement method of the present invention, in a ship (S) equipped with an engine using LNG and ammonia as fuel, an LNG tank for storing LNG is installed in the lower part of the residence of the ship. The area (LTA) is arranged, and the forepeak ballast tank area (BAf) provided at the fore end of the ship is divided into three compartments: upper, middle, and lower, and the ship is placed in the forepeak ballast tank area in the middle. It is characterized by disposing a heterogeneous fuel tank area (AT2) in which a tank that does not require structural change is installed.

An ammonia storage tank for storing ammonia to be supplied as fuel of the engine may be provided in the heterogeneous fuel tank area AT2.

A rudder shaft space (RS) to adjust the sailing direction of the vessel is arranged at the stern end, and a small tank (AT1) is arranged in the area excluding the rudder shaft space among the afterpeak ballast tank area (BAa) at the stern end. can do.

The small tank AT1 may be used as a tank for storing ammonia or SCR catalyst to be supplied as fuel.

In (a) of FIG. 1, a schematic cross-section of the stern end according to this arrangement method, and in FIG. 1 (b), a schematic cross-sectional shape of the fore end can be confirmed.

As shown in Figure 1 (a), the stern ballast tank area (BAa) is provided at the stern end in which the propeller for propulsion of the ship is installed, and the riding room (Steering Gear Room, SG) is arranged in the upper part. A rudder and a rudder shaft space (RS) for direction adjustment are disposed at the end end of the lower area of the riding room, and a small tank (AT1) such as a tank for storing ammonia is disposed in an area except for the rudder shaft space.

As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the bow is divided into three sections according to the height, a ballast tank (BAf) is arranged at the lower part, and various tanks that do not require structural changes, including an ammonia storage tank, are installed in the middle part. Prepare a heterogeneous fuel tank area (AT2) where possible. A void area (VA) is provided on the upper part, and an ammonia storage tank can be additionally installed if necessary.

In Figure 2, by applying this arrangement method to various types of ships such as liquid cargo carriers and container ships, the fuel tank area (LTA) under the accommodation area, the heterogeneous fuel tank area (AT2) and the small tank (AT2) in the bow and stern ballast area ( The positions at which AT1) are disposed are schematically shown.

In this way, by effectively arranging each tank in the space such as the stern, bow, and living quarters according to the usage time and frequency of use of the tank, additional tanks necessary for the use of different fuels can be installed without altering the structure of the ship, and the space inside the ship can be effectively saved. can be utilized

Meanwhile, the fuel tank area disposed under the residence may be divided into two or more spaces including a space in which the LNG tank is disposed and a space in which an ammonia tank for storing ammonia to be supplied to the engine is disposed.

The fuel tank area may be divided into a space in which an ammonia tank is disposed and a space in which an LNG tank is disposed as described above according to the ammonia storage temperature in the ammonia tank.

3 shows various examples in which the fuel tank area is divided into a space in which an ammonia tank is disposed and a space in which an LNG tank is disposed according to the ammonia storage temperature as described above.

Through this arrangement, the ammonia tank disposed in the corresponding space of the fuel tank area can perform a function of an insulator for reducing the amount of vaporization in the LNG tank, thereby reducing the generation of BOG in the LNG tank.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or variations can be implemented without departing from the technical gist of the present invention. did it

S: ship
LTA: fuel tank area
BAf: Bow ballast tank area
BAa: Aft ballast tank area
AT1: small tank
AT2: heterogeneous fuel tank area
RS: Rudder shaft space

Claims (6)

In ships equipped with engines using LNG and ammonia as fuel,
disposing a fuel tank area in which an LNG tank for storing LNG is installed in the lower part of the residence of the ship;
By dividing the forepeak ballast tank area provided at the fore end of the ship into three compartments of the upper, middle, and lower parts, a tank that does not require a ship structure change is installed in the forepeak ballast tank area of the middle part A method of disposing a dissimilar fuel vessel, characterized in that disposing a dissimilar fuel tank area. The method of claim 1,
An ammonia storage tank for storing ammonia to be supplied as fuel of the engine is provided in the heterogeneous fuel tank area. The method of claim 1,
Disposing a rudder shaft space for adjusting the sailing direction of the vessel at the stern end,
A method of disposing a heterogeneous fuel ship, characterized in that the small tank is arranged in an area excluding the rudder shaft space among the afterpeak ballast tanks at the end of the stern. 4. The method of claim 3,
Displacement method of a heterogeneous fuel vessel, characterized in that storing the ammonia or SCR catalyst in the small tank. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The fuel tank area is divided into two or more spaces including a space in which the LNG tank is arranged and a space in which an ammonia tank for storing ammonia to be supplied to the engine is arranged. . 6. The method of claim 5,
The fuel tank area is divided into the spaces according to the ammonia storage temperature in the ammonia tank, and the ammonia tank disposed in the space of the fuel tank area performs a function of a heat insulating material for reducing the amount of vaporization in the LNG tank. Displacement method of a heterogeneous fuel vessel, characterized in that.

Images