KR20220109735A - Method for designing roof garden based on lid - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method for designing a rooftop garden formed by sequentially stacking a waterproof layer, a drainage layer, a filtration layer, a vegetation soil layer, and a vegetation layer on a building structure with an LID, comprising steps of: analyzing properties and concentrations of nonpoint pollutants discharged during rainfall in a target area where a rooftop garden is located; determining a reduction mechanism for reducing the analyzed nonpoint pollutants; and determining detailed conditions for at least one of the filtration layer, the vegetation soil layer, and soil, filter media, plants, and microorganisms of the vegetation layer in order to implement the determined reduction mechanism.

Description

How to design a roof garden with LID {METHOD FOR DESIGNING ROOF GARDEN BASED ON LID}

The present invention relates to a method of designing a roof garden to which the LID technique is applied.

Social infrastructure refers to the social production base that forms the basis of economic activity, and includes roads, rivers, and water and sewage facilities. Social infrastructure is shifting from a single function to a multifunctional one with cost-effectiveness and technological advances. In particular, the number of infrastructure facilities that have an integrated function in consideration of technological development and cost effectiveness, called green infrastructure, is increasing. For example, a sewage treatment facility may include a green space or a function to produce energy. . Such green infrastructure can provide multiple benefits to people and nature.

Green infrastructure can be associated with LID facilities. The LID facility is a facility to which the LID (low impact development) technique has been applied, and it is a facility that makes the aquatic ecosystem close to the state before urbanization by allowing rainwater to permeate underground.

Accordingly, the inventor of the present invention has researched for a long time a method of designing a LID facility, particularly a roof garden, with LID in a target area such as a city, and has completed the present invention after trial and error.

In this background, one object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a roof garden according to the LID technique.

On the other hand, other objects not specified in the present invention will be further considered within the range that can be easily inferred from the following detailed description and effects thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention is a method for designing a roof garden formed by sequentially stacking a waterproofing layer, a drainage layer, a filtration layer, a vegetation soil layer and a vegetation layer on the structure of a building by LID, the roof analyzing the properties and concentrations of non-point pollutants discharged during rainfall in the target area where the garden is located; determining a reduction mechanism for reducing the analyzed non-point pollutants; and determining detailed conditions for at least one of the filter layer, the vegetation soil layer and the soil, filter media, plants, and microorganisms of the vegetation layer in order to implement the determined reduction mechanism. Designing a rooftop garden with LID provide a way

In the method, in the step of determining the reduction mechanism, when the non-point pollutant contains particulate matter, the reduction mechanism is determined by at least one of precipitation, filtration, and adsorption, and the non-point pollutant contains a heavy metal , the reduction mechanism is determined by at least one of adsorption and ion exchange, and when at least one of organic matter, oil, and nutrients is included in the non-point pollutant, the reduction mechanism may be determined by decomposition through microorganisms and plants.

In the method, in the step of determining the detailed conditions, the nutrient supply of the vegetation soil layer, the voids of the vegetation soil layer, the moisture content of the vegetation soil layer, the pH of the vegetation soil layer, the depth of the filter medium, the organicity of the filter medium, the plant At least one of the type and the type of the microorganism may be determined.

In the above method, the vegetation layer may be mulched with an organic material.

In the above method, the filtration layer may include a first layer including an organic filter material and a second layer including an inorganic filter material on the first layer.

In the method, the pores of the second layer may be larger than the pores of the first layer.

As described above, according to the present invention, rainwater in a target area can be managed through a rooftop garden designed with an optimal LID technique.

On the other hand, even if it is an effect not explicitly mentioned herein, it is added that the effects described in the following specification expected by the technical features of the present invention and their potential effects are treated as described in the specification of the present invention.

1 is a diagram illustrating an ecological LID design method according to an embodiment.
2 is a layout diagram of a LID facility designed by an ecological LID design method according to an embodiment.
3 is an exemplary view of a filter medium according to another embodiment.
4 is a view showing a reaction between an inorganic filter medium and an organic filter medium according to another embodiment.
5 is a block diagram of a rooftop garden designed by an ecological LID design method according to another embodiment.
6 is a view showing a method of designing a roof garden according to another embodiment.
7 is an exemplary view of a rooftop garden designed by an ecological LID design method according to another embodiment.
It is revealed that the accompanying drawings are exemplified as a reference for understanding the technical idea of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present invention, if it is determined that the subject matter of the present invention may be unnecessarily obscured as it is obvious to those skilled in the art with respect to related known functions, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It is to be understood that this does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method of designing a roof garden with LID according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are given the same reference numbers and a redundant description thereof will be omitted.

1 is a diagram illustrating an ecological LID design method according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of a LID facility designed by an ecological LID design method according to an embodiment.

The ecological LID design method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method for establishing a LID facility in a target area, and the LID facility is a facility to which the LID technique is applied. facility to be used.

LID facilities can be classified into vegetation retention type, infiltration type, filtration type, wetland type, etc. according to their main functions It is a facility. Infiltration type is a facility that allows rainwater to penetrate underground through unsaturated stratum to obtain the effect of filtration and adsorption. Filtration type is a facility that obtains a filtration effect through sand and filter media. It is a facility that uses plants and microorganisms as a mechanism to reduce pollutants as it is effective for circulation.

Specific LID facilities include a bioretention basin, a bio swale, and a planter box as a vegetation retention type, and an infiltration trench and a bio slope as an infiltration type. , permeable pavement, etc., treebox filter, sand filter, etc. for filtering type, artificial wetland for wetland type, small-scale wetland for roadside, rain garden ), etc.

However, the type of LID facility is not limited in the present invention, and any facility using the LID technique in addition to the above-described specific LID facility may be included in the present invention.

A LID facility may be established in a specific area defined as a target area. The present invention provides a design method for establishing a LID facility in a target area. The target area may be at least a partial area such as a city, and the city may be a new city or an existing city.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the ecological LID design method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of determining the size of the LID facility (S110), analyzing the properties and concentrations of non-point pollutants (S120), non-point pollutants Step (S130) of determining a reduction mechanism for reducing S150), it may include a step (S160) of drawing a target area in which the LID facility is established.

The step of determining the size of the LID facility (S110) is a step of calculating the size of the LID facility to be installed in the target area. In this step, the size of the LID facility can be calculated in consideration of the target reduction rate of rainfall runoff. Rainfall runoff can be calculated through rainfall analysis.

Here, in the case of targeting existing cities other than newly developed new cities, the LID scale can be calculated by selecting the accumulated rainfall corresponding to the 90% occurrence frequency as the rainfall amount to be managed through rainfall analysis.

In particular, in the case of a newly developed new city, the size of the LID can be calculated so that water circulation before development is possible even after development. This is expressed by Equation 1 as follows.

Here, α is the reduction coefficient (constant), RV _after is the rainfall runoff after development (m ³ ), RV _before is the rainfall runoff before development (m3), and V _use is the rainfall usage (m ³ ).

On the other hand, the minimum area of the LID facility compared to the target area may be 1 to 5%.

The step of analyzing the properties and concentrations of nonpoint pollutants (S120) is a step of analyzing the properties and concentrations of nonpoint pollutants by analyzing nonpoint pollutants in rainwater collected from the target area.

Here, the properties of the non-point pollutants may vary depending on the type. Nonpoint pollutants include particulate matter (soil, etc.), organic matter, nutrients (N, P, etc.), heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, etc.), oil & grease, microorganisms ( Escherichia coli, etc.), but is not limited thereto.

Since the concentration of nonpoint pollutants is different for each time period and rainfall amount, it can be calculated according to the event mean concentration (EMC).

The flow weighted average concentration (EMC) may be calculated according to the following equation.

The runoff of nonpoint pollutants generated during rainfall has real-time changes in runoff amount and concentration, and since sampling is not performed at regular intervals for monitoring points, the average concentration by the arithmetic mean is not representative. There is a disadvantage of not being able to do this, and for this reason, it is uncertain about calculating the representative average concentration of nonpoint pollutants discharged during rainfall with an arithmetic average through monitoring according to regional characteristics. It is desirable to calculate the flow-weighted average concentration taking into account the concentration of the substance and the rate of runoff.

EMC can be calculated by dividing the total amount of accumulated nonpoint pollutants discharged during the rainfall duration T hours in the monitoring area by the total accumulated runoff. EMC can be calculated as in Equation 2 below.

Here, C(t) and Q(t) mean the concentration and runoff rate of pollutants for the rainfall duration t, and T represents the total runoff time.

In this step, based on the properties and concentrations of nonpoint pollutants analyzed in the target area, the types of pollutants to be managed can be selected and the concentration range can be limited.

The step of determining the reduction mechanism ( S130 ) is a step of determining the reduction mechanism for reducing the analyzed non-point pollutants.

The reduction mechanism may be classified into a physical reaction, a chemical reaction, a biological reaction, and the like.

Physical mechanisms include dilution, sedimentation, re-suspension, coagulation, filtration, adsorption, volatilization, evaporation, dissolution , heat transfer, dispersion, etc. may be applicable.

Chemical mechanisms may include photolysis, hydrolysis, precipitation, ionization, oxidation, and reduction.

Biological mechanisms may include bio-degradation, bio-accumulation, and photosynthesis.

Determination of the mitigation mechanism can be determined according to the nature, type, and concentration of nonpoint pollutants.

For example, when particulate matter is included in the nonpoint pollutant, the reduction mechanism may be determined as at least one of precipitation, filtration, and adsorption as a physical mechanism. In addition, when the nonpoint pollutant contains heavy metals, the reduction mechanism may be determined by at least one of a physical mechanism such as adsorption and a chemical mechanism such as ion exchange. In addition, when at least one of organic matter, oil, and nutrients is included in the nonpoint pollutant, the reduction mechanism may be determined as a biological mechanism (decomposition through microorganisms and plants).

The step (S140) of determining the detailed conditions for at least one of the soil, the filter media, the plants, and the microorganisms of the LID facility is for at least one of the soil, the filter media, the plants, and the microorganisms of the LID facility for implementing the determined reduction mechanism. This is the stage in which the detailed conditions are determined.

For example, when the reduction mechanism of sedimentation, filtration, and adsorption is determined, soil and filter media may be determined to be inorganic. In addition, when the reduction mechanism of biodegradation is determined, in relation to soil and microorganisms, the microorganisms may be determined as a condition for respiration, nitrification-denitrification reaction. When the reduction mechanism is determined by photosynthesis, the specific species of the plant can be determined.

Specifically, in the case of the soil, the nutrient supply of the vegetation soil in the soil, the pores of the vegetation soil, and the moisture content of the vegetation soil may be determined.

Nutrient supply is the amount of nutrients contained in vegetation soil, and can be a major factor when plants are included in LID facilities. Regarding the pores of the vegetation soil, macropores (0.3~0.5) are required for the storage and penetration of rainwater, and micropores may be required for the removal of pollutants and the activities of microorganisms and plants. The water content can be determined as 20-60% for the activity of microorganisms and plants. In addition, the optimum conditions for the temperature (25 to 40 ℃ or pH (4.5 to 8.0) of the vegetation soil can be determined.

In addition, in order to remove particulate matter (particles of 200 μm or larger), it may be decided to install a small settling pond and install an energy attenuation hole for dissipating potential energy.

In the case of the filter material, the depth, length, organic/inorganic nature of the filter material may be determined.

In the case of microorganisms, other microorganisms can be selected according to the properties of nonpoint pollutants.

Plants were determined to have high pollutant reduction efficiency, strong salt resistance, adaptable to extreme climates (drought and flood), and do not require fertilization. can do. Plants can be planted in combination rather than a single species to enhance their functions and consider the landscape.

Examples of specific plant selection are shown in Table 1 below.

classification food life growth rate Height (cm) growth environment pollutant
Reduction Efficiency LID application
Possibility dry-resistance tolerability sound resistance cold resistance moisture resistance flame resistance wood Metasequoia
(Metasequoiaglyptostroboides) fast 200-250 ○ ○ ○ tree filtration
Box Yeongsanhong
(Rhododendron
indicum) Slow 15-90 ○ ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency shrub Meadow
(Spiraeaprunifoliavar. simpliciflora) fast 150-200 ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency Namcheon
(Nandina domestica) Medium 100-300 ○ ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency conduct fist
(Taxus cuspidata S. et Z.) Medium 1700 ○ ○ Vegetation Residency
wooden filter box camellia
(Camellia japonica L.) Medium 1000 ○ ○ ○ Vegetation Residency
wooden filter box herbal calamus
(Acorus calamus) fast 60-120 ○ ○ artificial wetland sky hawk claw
(Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila) fast 15-30 ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency water fight
(Potentilla fruticosa) Medium 15-30 ○ ○ ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency Michaelmas daisy
(Aster tataricus) Medium 50-60 ○ ○ ○ TSS: 93~94% Total Zn: 93~97%
Total Pb: 100%
Total Cu: 89~100%
Total Cd: 100% rain garden
Vegetation Residency dianthus
(Dianthus chinensis L.) Medium 10-20 ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency
roof greening dianthus
(Dianthus c hinensis L.) Medium 10-20 ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency
roof greening marigold
(Tagetes erecta L.) Medium 25-30 ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency
roof greening Maekmun-dong
(Liriope platyphlla) Medium 30-50 ○ ○ rain garden
Vegetation Residency

In addition, when the analyzed nonpoint pollutants contain a large amount of salt (eg, when the salt component is strong due to snow removal in winter), it can be determined as a tree species resistant to salt.

An example of plant selection according to salinity is shown in Table 2 below.

division main species in salinity
strong
dropsy Flowering: Bermuda glass, ground pine, Gaetbangpung, Gingerbread, Golddamcho, Mogamju, etc.
Shrubs: rhododendrons, sagebrush, oleifera, oleander, fern, money tree, barberry, chick flower, red chrysanthemum, sagebrush, oleander, etc.
Arboretum: Camellia, Gom pine, camphor, spruce, spruce, sagebrush, thorn, champignon, quince, persimmon, quince, quince, quince, ash, magnolia, himalayashida, rigida pine, sea pine, cypress tree , juniper, juniper, juniper, sagebrush, fern, boxwood, brier, tamarisk, etc. in salinity
weak
dropsy Cedar, German spruce, pine, larch, Himalayan spruce, magnolia, bramble, alder, Japanese magnolia, Chinese maple, blooming tree, Yoshino cherry, metasequoia, horseradish, zelkova, wild cherry, etc.

You can also decide to use plants to form a fence (eco-fence).

On the other hand, the specific type and specific structure of the LID facility may also be determined based on the selected detailed conditions. That is, it may be determined which LID facility is to be established, and a specific structure for the facility may be determined. For example, it is possible to secure a fresh water depth of 20 to 30 cm above the LID facility, and in the case of an LID facility requiring a top cover, a cover made of a lightweight material can be installed.

The step of determining whether to replace the lower soil ( S150 ) is a step of determining whether to replace the lower soil by determining whether the lower soil of the target area is suitable for the LID facility. Here, the lower soil can be understood as the ground of the location where the LID facility is established.

The type of soil can be divided into 4 types (Type A~D) according to the ratio of sandy soil, loam, and clay. Soil with a high ratio of sandy soil corresponds to Type A, and soil with a high clay ratio corresponds to Type D. Soil with a high ratio of loam to clay can be classified as Type B, and soil with a high ratio of rom can be classified as Type C. The characteristics of each type of soil are shown in Table 3 below.

Soil Type Soil Characteristics Infiltration Rate(mm/h) LID facility Type A → Least outflow, highest permeability
→ Sand and gravel layer containing a little silt and clay 7.62-11.43 penetration trench
seepage reservoir
penetrating pots Type B → Relatively low outflow rate, relatively high permeability
→ Drainage is generally good because of sandy soil mixed with gravel 3.61-7.62 Vegetation Residency
rain garden
vegetative water
wooden filter box Type C → Relatively high outflow rate, relatively low permeability
→ Contains a lot of clay and colloidal material 1.27-3.81 Vegetation Residency
rain garden
vegetative water
wooden filter box Type D → Highest outflow, lowest permeability
→ Most are made of clay which makes the drainage poor 0-1.27 artificial wetland
pond
underground storage tank

If infiltration facilities are to be installed on soil Types B, C, and D, the underlying soil may be determined to be replaced with Type A. In particular, as an LID facility that does not include plants, when the underlying soil is Type B, C, or D, it may be determined that the underlying soil is replaced with Type A.

As a LID facility comprising plants, where the underlying soil is Type A, it may be determined that the underlying soil is replaced with Type B, C and/or D.

On the other hand, as a LID facility including plants, if the lower soil is Type A, the lower soil is not replaced, but a separate rainwater runoff blocking facility is provided to secure the moisture content of the soil, or a plurality of LID facilities are connected. can be decided.

The step of drawing the target area where the LID facility is established (S160) is a step of drawing the LID facility establishment in the target area by reflecting the finally determined LID facility and its details.

LID facilities can be established in various ways in connection with buildings, roads, parking lots, intersections, and parks and green areas. At this stage, the layout of the established LID facility can be drawn up. Referring to FIG. 2 , an example of a layout diagram of an established LID facility is shown. In particular, those applied to buildings, those applied to roads, those applied to parking lots, and those applied to intersections are respectively shown.

At this stage, LID facilities may be determined to be linked singly or in plurality. In particular, if it is designed to be linked, the effect of reducing rainfall runoff and reducing nonpoint pollutants can be maximized.

If the LID facility is designed alone, allow rainwater to move to the plant side after infiltration. can be designed

At this stage, it is decided whether to establish the LID facility alone or in conjunction with multiple LID facilities, and the decision can be reflected and drawn up.

3 is an exemplary view of a filter medium according to another embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3 , examples and actual photos of the organic and inorganic media are shown. A filter medium may be provided in the LID facility by the ecological LID design method according to an embodiment. The organic and inorganic media illustrated in this figure can be used in LID facilities. The method of installing the filter media in the LID facility can be as follows.

disposing a first layer comprising organic media within the LID facility; and disposing a second layer including an inorganic filter material on the first layer.

The organic filter media is a filtration member containing organic matter, a natural polymer material; synthetic polymers such as acrylamide, phenolic resin, and PS; eco-friendly natural filter media such as cockle shells, walnut shells and ginkgo shells; tree; wood chips; It may include at least one of a mixture of a small amount of sawdust, fallen leaves, rice husk, etc. added to the wood pieces.

However, the organic filter medium is not limited to those described above, and any filtering member including an organic material may be applied to the present invention.

The first layer is a filter media layer including organic media, and may include only organic media or may be mixed with inorganic media in a relatively smaller ratio than organic media.

The inorganic filter media is a filtering member that does not include organic matter, and may include at least one of sand, gravel, activated carbon, volcanic rock, alumina, glass, ceramic, bottom ash, and zeolite.

However, the inorganic filter media is not limited to those described above, and any filtration member that does not include an organic material may be applied to the present invention.

The second layer is a filter media layer including the inorganic media, and may include only the inorganic media or may be mixed with the organic media in a relatively smaller ratio than the inorganic media.

4 is a view showing a reaction between an inorganic filter medium and an organic filter medium according to another embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 4 , a nitrification reaction occurs in an inorganic filter medium, and a denitrification reaction occurs in an organic filter medium, so that the inorganic filter material may be disposed on the upper portion and the organic filter material may be disposed on the lower portion.

Rainwater flowing into the LID facility can be moved in the order of inorganic media and organic media.

The inorganic media may be porous. The pores of the inorganic media may be larger than the pores of the organic media. Accordingly, the pores of the second layer may be larger than the pores of the first layer. The voids in the first layer may be 0.5 or more.

Filter media in LID facilities can be installed at a depth of 50 cm or more from the ground. That is, the second layer may be buried at a depth of 50 cm or more from the ground. In addition, the length in a direction parallel to the ground of the first layer and the second layer may be 1 m or more.

5 is a configuration diagram of a rooftop garden designed by an ecological LID design method according to another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a roof garden design method according to another embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5 , a rooftop garden 500 (hereinafter referred to as 'roof garden') to which an ecological LID design method is applied is shown. The roof garden 500 is designed by the ecological LID design method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and may include a filter medium according to another embodiment. The roof garden 500 may be largely composed of a structural part (A), a planting base (B) and a vegetation layer (C).

Structural part (A) may mean the top of a building - for example, a building - as a floor that is the base of the roof garden 500 . For example, the structure (A) may be the floor of the roof. The structure A may be formed of a structure 510 , a heat insulating layer 520 , and a waterproof layer 530 .

The structure 510 may be integrally formed with the structure as a part of the structure. Therefore, the structure 510 may be formed of the same material as a building, and may mainly include concrete. The structure 510 may function as a bottom surface of the roof garden 500 . The heat insulating layer 520 may be formed on the structure 510 and block the movement of heat between the structure 510 and the waterproof layer 530 . The waterproof layer 530 may be formed on the heat insulating layer 520 and may block moisture entering the building from the outside.

The planting base (B) may be composed of an anticorrosive layer 540 , a drainage layer 550 , a filtration layer 560 , and a vegetation soil layer 570 . The anti-corrosion layer 540 may be formed between the waterproof layer 530 and the drainage layer 550 to prevent the roots of plants planted in the vegetation layer C from growing downward into the building. The drainage layer 550 is formed between the anti-corrosion layer 540 and the filter layer 560 to drain the moisture that has passed through the vegetation soil layer 570 and the filter layer 560 to another place. The drain layer 550 is connected to the drain pipe, so that moisture may move to the drain pipe. The filtering layer 560 may be formed on the drainage layer 550 to filter out impurities from rainwater through pores having different sizes. The vegetation soil layer 570 may be formed on the filtration layer 560 to supply nutrients to the plants formed in the vegetation layer C, to form pores, or to store moisture.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the design method of the roof garden 500 to which the ecological LID design method is applied is shown.

The step of determining the size of the roof garden ( S610 ) is a step of calculating the size of the roof garden. In this step, the size of the roof garden can be calculated by considering the target reduction rate of rainfall runoff. Rainfall runoff can be calculated through rainfall analysis. In particular, in the case of a new city, Equation 1 can be used to calculate the LID size to enable water circulation before development even after development. Among them, the proportion of the roof garden 500 may be determined.

In the step of analyzing the properties and concentrations of nonpoint pollutants (S620), the properties and concentrations of nonpoint pollutants are analyzed by analyzing nonpoint pollutants in the rainwater collected from the roof garden 500 itself or the target area including the roof garden 500. is an analysis step. In this step, the above description in an embodiment may be applied as it is.

The step of determining the reduction mechanism ( S630 ) is a step of determining the reduction mechanism for reducing the analyzed non-point pollutants. Reduction mechanisms can be divided into physical mechanisms, chemical mechanisms, and biological mechanisms. In this step, the above description in an embodiment may be applied as it is.

For example, when the target area including the rooftop garden 500 or the rooftop garden 500 contains particulate matter in nonpoint pollutants, the reduction mechanism is determined by at least one of precipitation, filtration, and adsorption, and heavy metals in nonpoint pollutants are When this is included, the reduction mechanism is determined by at least one of adsorption and ion exchange, and when at least one of organic matter, oil, and nutrients is included in the non-point pollutant, the reduction mechanism may be determined by decomposition through microorganisms and plants.

Determining the detailed conditions of the soil, media, plants, and microorganisms of the rooftop garden (S640) is to determine the detailed conditions for at least one of the soil, media, plants, and microorganisms of the LID facility for implementing the determined reduction mechanism is a step In this step, the above description in an embodiment may be applied as it is. However, there may be differences in that they are specifically applied to the floors constituting the roof garden 500 .

Here, in the case of soil, detailed conditions of the vegetation soil included in the vegetation soil layer 570 of the roof garden 500 may be determined. In the case of the filter media, detailed conditions of the filter media included in the filtration layer 560 of the rooftop garden 500 may be determined. In the case of plants, detailed conditions of plants included in the vegetation layer (C) of the roof garden 500 may be determined. In the case of microorganisms, detailed conditions of the filtration layer 560 , the vegetation soil layer 570 and/or the vegetation layer (C) may be determined.

For example, the nutrient supply of the vegetation soil layer 570, the pores of the vegetation soil layer 570, the moisture content of the vegetation soil layer 570, the pH of the vegetation soil layer 570, the depth of the filtration layer 560, the filtration layer 560 At least one of organicity, the type of plant in the vegetation layer (C), and the type of microorganism may be determined.

According to the determined reduction mechanism, the layers constituting the roof garden 500 may have different detailed conditions. For example, when a mechanism for reducing sedimentation, filtration, and adsorption is determined, the soil of the vegetation soil layer 570 and the filter medium of the filter layer 560 may be determined to be inorganic. In addition, when the reduction mechanism of biodegradation is determined, the soil of the vegetation layer 570 and the plants of the vegetation layer (C) may be determined as conditions in which microorganisms can respiration, nitrification-denitrification reaction. When the reduction mechanism is determined by photosynthesis, the specific species of the plant can be determined.

The step of drawing the roof garden 500 (S650) is a step of drawing up the design of the roof garden 500 by reflecting the finally determined roof garden 500 and its details. In this step, the above description in an embodiment may be applied as it is.

And the roof garden 500 may include a filter media structure according to another embodiment. The filtering layer 560 of the rooftop garden 500 may include a first layer 561 and a second layer 562 stacked on the first layer 561 . Thus, the first layer 561 may include an organic filter material and the second layer 562 may include an inorganic filter material. A nitrification reaction may occur in the inorganic filter medium of the second layer 562 , and a denitrification reaction may occur in the organic filter medium of the first layer 561 .

Rainwater flowing into the roof garden 500 may move in the order of the inorganic filter media and the organic filter media. The inorganic media of the second layer 562 may be porous. The pores of the inorganic filter medium of the second layer 562 may be larger than the pores of the organic filter medium of the first layer 561 . The voids of the first layer 561 may be 0.5 or more.

The filter media of the roof garden 500 may be installed at a depth of 50 cm or more from the ground. The second layer 562 may be buried at a depth of 50 cm or more from the ground. Also, the length of the first layer 561 (and the second layer 562 ) in a direction parallel to the ground may be 1 m or more.

Meanwhile, additional considerations when designing the roof garden 500 may be as follows. The rooftop garden 500 should be an area suitable for rainfall, temperature, rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and sunlight conditions, and a minimum area should be secured. It should be considered whether the depth of the soil layer can support the load saturated with the main design parameter on the roof. Here, it is necessary to be careful not to consider only the load of the simple soil layer.

For plants of the vegetation layer (C), it is necessary to select plants that are strong, have strong self-reliance, and tolerate drought well, and are easy to obtain and have good aesthetics (plants that do not require fertilization, pesticides, etc.).

The soil of the vegetation soil layer 570 should be designed to maintain proper moisture by using a lightweight porous material. The applied soil material may be preferably a lightweight material having micropores capable of securing a certain moisture content.

If the soil depth is not adequate, plant death will occur, so the design is designed so that the soil depth is maintained properly.

As the mulching material, an organic material (such as wood chips) may be preferable. Inorganic materials - for example, volcanic stone, gravel, etc. - can hinder plant growth, especially in summer due to high temperatures.

7 is an exemplary view of a rooftop garden designed by an ecological LID design method according to another embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 7 , an actual appearance of the rooftop garden 500 according to another embodiment may be shown. The roof garden (500 in FIG. 5 ) is formed based on the ecological LID design method according to an embodiment, and may have an arrangement of organic and inorganic media according to another embodiment. So, the first layer of the filtration layer 560 of the rooftop garden (500 in FIG. 5 ) may include an organic filter material, and the second layer formed on the first layer may include an inorganic filter material.

The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the description and expression of the embodiments explicitly described above. In addition, it is added once again that the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited due to obvious changes or substitutions in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

Claims (6)

In the method of designing a roof garden formed by sequentially stacking a waterproofing layer, a drainage layer, a filtration layer, a vegetation soil layer and a vegetation layer on the structure of a building with LID,
analyzing the properties and concentrations of non-point pollutants discharged during rainfall in the target area where the rooftop garden is located;
determining a reduction mechanism for reducing the analyzed non-point pollutants; and
Comprising the step of determining detailed conditions for at least one of the filtration layer, the vegetation soil layer and the soil, filter media, plants, and microorganisms of the vegetation layer to implement the determined reduction mechanism,
How to design a roof garden with LID. According to claim 1,
In the step of determining the reduction mechanism,
When the nonpoint pollutant contains particulate matter, the reduction mechanism is determined by at least one of precipitation, filtration, and adsorption, and when the nonpoint pollutant contains a heavy metal, the reduction mechanism is determined by at least one of adsorption and ion exchange and, when at least one of organic matter, oil, and nutrients is included in the non-point pollutant, the reduction mechanism is determined by decomposition through microorganisms and plants.
How to design a roof garden with LID. The method of claim 1,
In the step of determining the detailed conditions,
At least one of the nutrient supply of the vegetation soil layer, the pores of the vegetation soil layer, the moisture content of the vegetation soil layer, the pH of the vegetation soil layer, the depth of the filter medium, the organicity of the filter medium, the type of the plant, and the type of the microorganism is determined
How to design a roof garden with LID. According to claim 1,
The vegetation layer is
Mulching with organic materials
How to design a roof garden with LID. According to claim 1,
The filter layer is
A first layer comprising an organic filter material and a second layer comprising an inorganic filter material on the first layer
How to design a roof garden with LID. 6. The method of claim 5,
the voids in the second layer are larger than the voids in the first layer
How to design a roof garden with LID.

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