KR20220085592A - A battery management device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery management device and method.
To this end, the battery management apparatus measures a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of the at least one battery module, and at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference. and a corresponding reference value may be compared, and it may be identified whether a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and the corresponding reference value is within a predetermined range. Accordingly, the present invention can determine whether each of the plurality of battery cells is normal or abnormal in use.

Description

BATTERY MANAGEMENT DEVICE AND METHOD

The present invention relates to a battery management device and method.

In general, an electric vehicle refers to a vehicle driven by electricity as a power source. Such an electric vehicle does not use petroleum fuel and an engine, but can be operated using an electric battery and an electric motor, and a battery in the electric vehicle can be charged by wire or wirelessly through a charger disposed in a specific place.

In addition, a plurality of battery packs may be mounted under the electric vehicle to transmit power to the electric vehicle. Each battery pack may include a plurality of battery modules, and each battery module may include a plurality of battery cells.

The prior document (10-2012-0012660) relates to a charging control method for an electric vehicle and an auxiliary battery thereof, and checks the charge state of the auxiliary battery when the electric vehicle is turned off, and uses the energy of the high-voltage battery to control the high-voltage battery Discloses the contents of charging the auxiliary battery by supplying the energy of the auxiliary battery.

As such, the battery cells used in the electric vehicle may have a shorter battery life as the usage period increases, and as the battery cells are eventually disposed of, resource waste and environmental pollution may occur.

In addition, since different types of battery cells include different types of battery cells even though they have the same capacity, a difference in internal resistance and voltage between the battery cells occurs, resulting in an unsuitable electrical balance. For this reason, the battery cell may not properly implement its performance, and may cause an accident by accelerating deterioration of lifespan or causing instability.

Accordingly, by reusing the battery cells used in the electric vehicle, there is a need to prevent wastage of resources.

Korean Patent Laid-Open 10-2012-0012660

Conventionally, as battery cells used in electric vehicles are not reused, resource waste and environmental pollution have occurred.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a battery management apparatus and method for reusing different battery cells used in different electric vehicles.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery management apparatus and method for maintaining electrical balance by checking whether a DC internal resistance, an AC internal resistance, and a voltage difference between battery cells are within a predetermined range.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery management apparatus and method for identifying unusable battery cells by measuring DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage of different battery cells.

In addition, the present invention measures the DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage of battery cells, and compares each of the measured DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage with reference values corresponding thereto to identify unusable battery cells. and to provide a method.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the objects mentioned above, and other objects and advantages of the present invention not mentioned may be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by the examples of the present invention. It will also be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention may be realized by the means and combinations thereof indicated in the appended claims.

In order to achieve this object, the battery management apparatus of the present invention may measure DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage of different battery cells.

In addition, the battery management apparatus according to the present invention includes a battery unit including at least one battery module, and a measuring unit measuring DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of the at least one battery module. , a processor electrically connected to the battery unit and the measurement unit, wherein the processor compares at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value corresponding thereto, and It is identified whether a difference between at least one of the DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is within a predetermined range, and when the difference is included in the predetermined range, the at least one battery module includes the It may be determined that the plurality of battery cells are normal.

In addition, the battery management method according to the present invention includes the steps of measuring a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of at least one battery module; comparing at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value corresponding thereto; identifying whether a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is within a predetermined range; and determining that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are normal when the difference is within the predetermined range.

According to the present invention, DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage difference for a plurality of battery cells are measured, and at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference is compared with a reference value corresponding thereto, and the By identifying whether a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a corresponding reference value is within a certain range, it can be determined whether each of the plurality of battery cells is normal or abnormal in use have.

In addition, the present invention compares the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value for each, and the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference are within a certain range of the reference values for each By identifying whether it is within the range, it is possible to determine whether the battery cell is not normal for some reason.

In addition, the present invention identifies whether the measured DC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a first reference value, identifies whether the measured AC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a second reference value, and By identifying whether the measured voltage difference is within 50 mV, it is possible to obtain more accurate data on the normality or abnormality of the battery cell.

Also, according to the present invention, by transmitting a signal indicating that at least one battery cell is not normal, it is possible to more easily manage the battery cells.

In addition to the above-described effects, the specific effects of the present invention will be described together while describing specific details for carrying out the invention below.

1 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a battery pack in which at least one battery module is mounted according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a battery module in which a plurality of battery cells are mounted according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an exemplary view illustrating an appearance of a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a schematic diagram of a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a detailed block diagram of a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a detailed block diagram of a battery management apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is an exemplary diagram illustrating charging voltages and discharging voltages for 14 battery cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The above-described objects, features and advantages will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar components.

Although the first, second, etc. are used to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms, of course. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from other components, and unless otherwise stated, it goes without saying that the first component may be the second component.

In the following, that an arbitrary component is disposed on the "upper (or lower)" of a component or "upper (or below)" of a component means that any component is disposed in contact with the upper surface (or lower surface) of the component. Furthermore, it may mean that other components may be interposed between the component and any component disposed on (or under) the component.

In addition, when it is described that a component is “connected”, “coupled” or “connected” to another component, the components may be directly connected or connected to each other, but other components are “interposed” between each component. It should be understood that “or, each component may be “connected,” “coupled,” or “connected,” through another component.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise stated, each element may be singular or plural.

As used herein, the singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “consisting of” or “comprising” should not be construed as necessarily including all of the various components or various steps described in the specification, some of which components or some steps are It should be construed that it may not include, or may further include additional components or steps.

Throughout the specification, when “A and/or B” is used, it means A, B or A and B, unless otherwise stated, and when “C to D” is used, it means that there is no specific opposite description. Unless otherwise specified, it means that it is greater than or equal to C and less than or equal to D.

Hereinafter, a battery management apparatus and method according to some embodiments of the present invention will be described.

1 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a battery pack in which at least one battery module is mounted according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a battery module in which a plurality of battery cells are mounted according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the battery pack 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention may mount at least one battery module 120 .

According to an embodiment, the battery pack 110 may mount at least one battery module 120 . In addition, the battery module 120 may be applied to an electric vehicle capable of driving by using a driving motor operated by receiving power from a high voltage battery as a power source.

According to an embodiment, the battery pack 110 is mounted on the underbody of the electric vehicle and may be a battery mounting structure in which a plurality of battery cells capable of charging or discharging are mounted.

According to an embodiment, the battery pack 100 is a battery assembly structure to which a plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, and each battery module may include a plurality of battery cells according to battery capacity.

According to an embodiment, the battery pack 100 partitions a plurality of mounting units 111 through a barrier 112 , and one battery module 120 may be mounted on each mounting unit 111 . .

According to an embodiment, since the battery pack 110 is mounted in the battery case, the battery case may include a battery tray accommodating the battery pack 100 and an upper case covering the battery tray.

According to an embodiment, when the battery case is based on the front-rear direction of the underbody of the vehicle body of the electric vehicle, the battery case may be mounted in an integrated structure of the front floor, the center floor, and the rear floor constituting the underbody in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. can

According to an embodiment, the battery module 120 is a simple configuration to which coolant and a phase change material are applied, and may be formed in a structure capable of efficiently managing the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the battery module 120 may include cooling modules 207 , a first side frame 205 , a second side frame 206 , and a packing unit 204 .

According to an embodiment, the cooling module is arranged in a set direction with the battery cells 201 interposed therebetween, and has a structure capable of managing the temperature of the battery cells. The cooling modules may be arranged in a set direction (eg, a front-rear direction of the vehicle body of the electric vehicle) with the battery cells 201 interposed therebetween. The cooling module 207 includes a plate-shaped housing 208 having both ends open in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 201 .

According to an embodiment, the housing 208 is made of an extruded metal material that facilitates heat transfer, and both ends form an open inner space in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 201 . The housing 208 has a cooling water flow part (not shown) serving as a coolant flow passage through which the coolant flows, and a PCM filling part (not shown) filled with a phase change material, respectively, in an inner space thereof.

According to an embodiment, the first side frame 205 supports and fixes one side of the cooling module 207 , and may introduce cooling water into the cooling module 207 . The first side frame 205 is provided as a plate-type metal frame forming a predetermined space therein, and is disposed at one end of the housing 208 of the cooling module 207 and is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 201 . direction can be coupled.

According to an embodiment, the first side frame 205 may form a pair of coolant inlet holes 209a for introducing coolant into the first side frame 205 .

According to an embodiment, the second side frame 206 may support and fix the other side of the cooling module 207 . The second side frame 206 is provided as a plate-type metal frame forming a predetermined space therein, and is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 201 at the other end of the housing 208 of the cooling module 207 . direction can be coupled.

According to an embodiment, the second side frame 206 forms a pair of cooling water outlet holes 209b for discharging the coolant.

According to an embodiment, the packing part 204 connects both ends of the housing 208 of the cooling module 207 and the first and second side frames 205 and 206, respectively, and both ends and the side of the housing 208 For sealing between the frames 205 and 206, respectively. The packing part 204 may be provided on the first and second side frames 205 and 206 .

According to an embodiment, the packing unit 204 includes packing brackets 202 and 203 respectively provided on the sides of the first and second side frames 205 and 206 . The first packing bracket 203 is provided in plurality corresponding to each cooling module 207 and is fixedly installed on the inner side surface of the first side frame 205 in the vertical direction, and One end of each housing 208 may be coupled to each other.

According to an embodiment, the first packing bracket 203 is fitted to the outer edge of one end of the housing 208 , and is male and female coupled to one end of the housing 208 . The first packing bracket 203 may form a connection passage connecting the first side frame 205 and each cooling module 207 .

According to one embodiment, the second packing bracket 202 is provided in plurality corresponding to each cooling module 207, and is fixedly installed on the inner side surface of the second side frame 206 in the vertical direction, Each housing 208 of the cooling module 207 is coupled to the other end. The second packing bracket 202 is fitted to the outer edge of the other end of the housing 208 , and is male and female coupled to the other end of the housing 208 .

According to an embodiment, the second packing bracket 202 may form a connection passage connecting the second side frame 206 and each cooling module 207 .

3 is an exemplary view illustrating an appearance of a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3 , an exterior 300 of the battery management apparatus according to an embodiment is a power relay assembly (PRA) 310 , a battery module 320 , an external terminal 330 , and a battery management system ( It may be formed of a case 340 of a Battery Management System (BMS), a DC/DC converter 350 , and a cradle 360 . The battery module 320 may include a plurality of battery cells. The holder may have a width of 600 mm, a height of 650 mm, and a depth of 400 mm.

4 is a schematic diagram of a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a detailed block diagram of a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the battery management device 410 according to an embodiment of the present invention supplies power supplied from an external power source (eg, 220V) 420 through a charger 411 and a charger 411 that are authorized. The battery unit 414 for charging the voltage to be used, the management unit 412 for managing and switching the battery of the battery management device 410, and the DC/DC converter 413 for converting the DC voltage supplied by the management unit 412 may include Hereinafter, detailed description of each component of FIG. 4 will be described later.

5 is a detailed block diagram of a battery management apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in the battery management apparatus 410 according to another embodiment of the present invention, the battery unit 414 (eg, a battery pack) including at least one battery module, the voltage of the battery unit 414 is DC A power relay unit (Power Relay Assembly, PRA) 532 that switches to be supplied to the /DC converter unit 413, a DC/DC converter 413 that converts the voltage supplied from the power relay unit (PRA) 532 , a voltage output interface unit 551 that outputs the DC voltage converted by the DC/DC converter 413 , determines the remaining power capacity of the battery unit 414 and the need for charging, and provides the battery unit 414 . A battery management system (BMS) 531 that supplies the stored charging current to a device (eg, an electric vehicle, a base station repeater, etc.) may be included.

In addition, the battery management device 410 is a power supply (Switching Mode Power Supply) 530 for supplying operating power of the battery management system (BMS), a DC resistance of the battery unit 414 (eg, a DC internal resistance), an AC resistance (eg, AC internal resistance), and a measuring unit 560 that measures voltage, and a processor 540 that controls and manages the overall operation of the battery management device 410 .

In addition, the battery management device 410 is provided with at least one communication module or protocol for transmitting a signal controlled by the processor 540 to the outside, the communication unit 552 and the measurement unit 560 wired or wireless It may include an interface 553 that provides connectivity. For example, the measurement unit 560 may be configured inside the battery management device 410 , or may be connected through the interface 553 and configured outside the battery management device 410 . In addition, the battery management device 410 can control the on/off of the battery cell according to the control operation of the BMS 531 or cut off the power when an abnormality occurs in the voltage/current/temperature of the battery cell. A protection circuit (not shown) may be included.

The configuration of the battery management device 410 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is according to an embodiment, and the components of the battery management device 410 are not limited to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 . , some components may be added, changed, or deleted as necessary.

According to an embodiment, the battery unit (eg, a battery pack) 414 may include at least one battery module. For example, the battery unit (eg, a battery pack) 414 may include a plurality of battery modules 510 and 520 . And, each battery module may include at least one battery cell. Alternatively, each of the battery modules 510 and 520 may include a plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 . For example, the first battery module 510 includes first to third battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 , and the second battery module 520 includes fourth to sixth battery cells 521 , 522 , and 523) may be included. For example, each battery cell may have a different manufacturer, a period of use, a capacity, and the like.

According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 may have a different at least one of a manufacturer, a manufacturing date, and a capacity. Alternatively, each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 may be a used battery that is already used and replaced in an electric vehicle (not shown).

According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of battery cells 511, 512, 513, 521, 522, and 523 is connected to the measurement unit 560 through a wired (or wireless), and the plurality of battery cells 511, 512, 513, 521, 522, 523) provides information on at least one of a DC internal resistance, AC internal resistance, and voltage (eg, current voltage) for each of the measuring unit 560 or the processor 540 to at least one of the measuring unit 560 or the processor 540 can do.

According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 measures a unique identifier assigned to it or information indicating a location mounted on the battery module by the measurement unit 560 or the processor At least one of 540 may be provided.

[Table 1] below is an exemplary diagram showing a current, a nominal voltage (Vnominal), a charging voltage (Vcharge), and a discharging voltage (Vdischarge) according to the number of battery cells. And, [Table 1] below shows the nominal voltage (Vnominal), charging voltage (Vcharge), discharging voltage (Vdischarge), maximum voltage (Vmax), and minimum voltage (Vmin) when 14 battery cells are connected in series. indicates.

serial number 4 pieces 6 pieces 4 pieces 10 things Number of battery cells by manufacturer 4 car A 6 car B 4 car A 10 car B Capacity Ah 74.000 78.800 74.000 78.800 Vnominal V 14.800 22.200 14.800 37.000 Vcharge V 16.600 24.900 16.600 41.500 Vdischarge V 12.000 18.000 12.000 30.000 14 series 14 series Vnominal V 51.800 51.800 Vcharge V 58.100 58.100 Vdischarge V 42.000 42.000 Vmax V 56.000 56.000 Vcell=4.0 Vmin V 46.200 46.200 Vcell=3.3 number of cells 2 bundles of 4 battery cells 1 pack of 6 battery cells 1 bundle of 4 battery cells 1 pack of 10 battery cells

In [Table 1] above, assuming that the voltage of each battery cell is 3.7V, 14 battery cells (eg, 2 4 battery cells and 1 6 battery cell, or 1 4 battery cell and 10 When one battery cell is connected in series and charged to about 50%, the voltage is 51.8V, when charged to 100%, the voltage is 58.1V, and the voltage when charging is required is 58.1V. It is 42V. And, the actual maximum voltage Vmax is 56V, and the actual minimum voltage is 46.2V.

According to an embodiment, the battery management system (BMS) 531 determines the remaining capacity of each battery module (or each battery cell), the need for charging, and transfers the charging current stored in the battery unit 414 to the battery management device ( 410) to the equipped device (eg, base station, etc.), performs management according to the supply. In this case, the BMS 531 needs to periodically measure the high voltage (or current) stored in the battery unit 414 in order to apply a stable power supply to the device (eg, a base station).

In this way, the BMS 531 estimates the state of the battery unit 414 and manages the battery unit 414 using the estimated state information. For example, it estimates and manages state information of the battery unit 414, such as the remaining capacity (State Of Charging; SOC), the remaining life (State Of Health; SOH), the maximum input/output power allowance, and the output voltage of the battery 414 . . In addition, it is possible to control charging or discharging of the battery unit 414 using this state information, and also to estimate the replacement time of the battery 414 .

According to an embodiment, the power supply device (SMPS) 530 may supply stable power to operate the BMS 531 . The SMPS 530 is a power supply device by a switching operation, and may be operated at a switching frequency of several tens to several hundreds of kHz.

According to an embodiment, the power relay unit (PRA) 532 may flow or block power applied/output to the battery unit 414 .

According to an embodiment, the PRA 532 may include a plurality of relays and sensors to switch a high voltage. In addition, the PRA 532 transfers the high voltage operating power applied from the battery unit 414 to a device (not shown) (eg, a base station, etc.) through the DC/DC converter 413 and the voltage output interface unit 551 . voltage can be output. The PRA 532 operates a relay according to a control command from the processor 540 .

According to an embodiment, the BMS 531 and the PRA 532 may be designed as one module or as separate modules.

According to an embodiment, the DC/DC converter 413 is supplied from the battery unit 414 and converts the voltage switched by the PRA 532 to a voltage appropriate for a device (not shown) (eg, a base station). can be converted to In addition, the DC/DC converter 413 may supply the converted voltage to a device (not shown) (eg, a base station, etc.) through the voltage output interface unit 551 .

According to an embodiment, the DC/DC converter 413 converts various voltages such as 12V, 24V, and 48V according to an external device to which a voltage is supplied (eg, a base station, etc.), and converts the converted voltage to an external device ( Example: base station, etc.).

According to an embodiment, the measuring unit 560 may measure a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of the at least one battery module 510 and 520 .

According to an embodiment, the measuring unit 560 may include a DC resistance (eg, a plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 ) for each of the plurality of battery cells included in each of the battery modules 510 and 520 . DC internal resistance), AC resistance (eg AC internal resistance), and voltage can be measured. Alternatively, the measuring unit 560) may include at least one of a DC resistance difference (eg, a DC internal resistance difference), an AC resistance difference (eg, an AC internal resistance difference), and a voltage difference between battery cells included in each battery module. can be measured. Alternatively, the measuring unit 560 may measure a DC resistance difference, an AC resistance difference, and a voltage difference between battery modules.

For example, the measuring unit 560 may include a DC resistance (or DC internal resistance), AC resistance (or AC internal resistance) between the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 included in the first battery module 510 . At least one of , and a voltage difference may be measured. The measurement unit 560 may measure at least one of a DC resistance (or DC internal resistance), AC resistance (or AC internal resistance), and voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 .

For example, the measuring unit 560 may include a DC resistance (or DC internal resistance) and an AC resistance (or AC internal resistance) between the plurality of battery cells 521 , 522 , and 523 included in the second battery module 520 . At least one of , and a voltage difference may be measured. The measurement unit 560 may measure at least one of a DC resistance (or DC internal resistance), AC resistance (or AC internal resistance), and voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells 521 , 522 , and 523 .

According to an embodiment, the measurement unit 560 is connected to each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 included in each of the battery modules 510 and 520 by wire (or wirelessly) and , information on at least one of a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage of each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 may be acquired through the wired (or wireless). The measurement unit 560 may provide information on at least one of DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage to the processor 540 .

According to one embodiment, the measuring unit 560 is a DC resistance measured in each of the plurality of battery cells (511, 512, 513, 521, 522, 523) included in each of the battery modules (510, 520) (eg, : Information on at least one of a DC internal resistance), an AC resistance (eg, an AC internal resistance), and a voltage may be transmitted to the processor 540 . Alternatively, the measuring unit 560 may be configured to at least one of a DC resistance difference (eg, a DC internal resistance difference), an AC resistance difference (eg, an AC internal resistance difference), and a voltage difference measured between battery cells included in each battery module. Information including one may be transmitted to the processor 540 . Alternatively, the measuring unit 560 may transmit information including at least one of a DC resistance difference, an AC resistance difference, and a voltage difference measured between the battery modules to the processor 540 .

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 may control the overall operation of the battery management device 410 . The processor 540 may control the overall operation of the battery management device 410 using an algorithm, a program, or an application. The processor 540 may be implemented in the form of a CPU, a microprocessor, or a mini computer.

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 may execute or control operation or data processing related to control and communication of at least one other component of the battery management device 410 . The processor 540 may control a power transmission mode for supplying power to an external device (eg, a base station) (not shown).

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 may output information on various states of the battery unit 414 to an external device (eg, a display device) (not shown) through the communication unit 552 .

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 may include at least one of a DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance), an AC resistance (eg, AC internal resistance), and a voltage difference measured by the measuring unit 560 and a corresponding Reference values can be compared. The processor 540 may compare the measured DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage difference with reference values for each.

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 may compare at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value corresponding thereto.

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 compares the measured DC resistance with a first reference value, compares the measured AC resistance with a second reference value, and compares the measured voltage difference with a third reference value. can be compared.

According to an embodiment, the processor 540 may compare at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a corresponding reference value (eg, a first reference value to a third reference value), respectively. have. The processor 540 may identify whether the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference are each within a predetermined range of a reference value.

For example, the processor 540 identifies whether the measured DC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a first reference value, and the measured AC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a second reference value and whether the measured voltage difference is within 50 mV. The first reference value and the second reference value may be the same as or different from each other.

For example, when the DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) of one cell has a resistance value in a predetermined range (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ), the processor 540 performs each of the cells 511 , 512 , and 513 . , 521, 522, 523) is within a certain range (eg, 90% to 110% of the resistance value) of the resistance value (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ). You can identify whether it is (eg, 1.35 mΩ to 2.2 mΩ) or not (eg, less than 1.35 mΩ, or greater than 2.2 mΩ).

For example, the first reference value may include an average DC resistance value obtained by dividing a total DC resistance obtained by summing the DC resistances of each of the plurality of cells by the number of the plurality of cells. In addition, the second reference value may include an average AC resistance value obtained by dividing the average DC resistance value by two.

According to an embodiment, when a plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 are included in one battery module 510 , the processor 540 applies direct current to each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 . A resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) value may be acquired, and DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) values may be added to each of the obtained plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 . In addition, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) calculates a total internal resistance value by adding the DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) values to each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 . and dividing the calculated total internal resistance by the number of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 , an average DC resistance (eg, average DC internal resistance) may be calculated.

According to an embodiment, when a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is included in a predetermined range, the processor 540 is configured to It may be determined that a plurality of included battery cells are normal.

According to an embodiment, when a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is not included in the predetermined range, the processor 540 may select the at least one It may be determined that the plurality of battery cells included in the battery module are not normal. In addition, the processor 540 may identify at least one battery cell determined to be abnormal among the plurality of battery cells.

6 is an exemplary diagram illustrating charging voltages and discharging voltages for 14 battery cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6 , when two of a bundle of 4 battery cells mounted on car A (eg, SM3) and one of a bundle of 6 battery cells mounted on vehicle B (eg, IONIQ) are connected in series, charging The voltage Vcharge is 51.8V, and the discharge voltage Vdischarge is 42V.

For example, if one of a bundle of 4 battery cells mounted in car A (eg SM3) and 1 of a bundle of 10 battery cells mounted in vehicle B (eg IONIQ) are connected in series, the charging voltage ( Vcharge) is 51.8V, and the discharge voltage (Vdischarge) is 42V.

In FIG. 6 , a first graph 611 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an ideal voltage, and a second graph 612 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an average voltage. And, the third graph 613 is an exemplary diagram showing the voltage of the battery cell that has lost the function as a battery. In addition, the first region 620 indicates that a voltage difference occurs when all battery cells are charged. Also, in the second region 630 , the first to third graphs 611 , 612 , and 613 coincide when the used capacity of the battery cells increases, and a voltage difference between the battery cells does not occur. In addition, the third region 640 indicates that a voltage difference between each battery cell is generated as the capacity stored in the battery cells decreases.

As described above, voltage differences between various types of battery cells previously used in different vehicles occur in a fully charged state, in use, and in a state in which charging is required. The processor 540 may determine that the plurality of cells are normal when the voltage difference for each of the plurality of cells is within a reference range (eg, 50 mV).

Alternatively, the processor 540 may determine that the corresponding battery cell is normal when the DC internal resistance difference between the battery cells is within ±10%, the AC internal resistance difference is within ±10%, and the voltage difference between the cells is within 50mV.

Alternatively, the processor 540 determines that the battery cell is normal when at least one of a DC internal resistance difference between the battery cells is satisfied within ±10%, an AC internal resistance difference within ±10%, and a voltage difference between cells within 50mV. can judge The DC internal resistance, the AC internal resistance, and the voltage may be a value for each cell or an average value for a plurality of cells.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7 .

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the measurement unit 560 ) may have a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of the at least one battery module 510 and 520 . can be measured (S710).

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the measuring unit 560 ) may have a direct current resistance (or direct current) between the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 included in the first battery module 510 . At least one of an internal resistance), an AC resistance (or an AC internal resistance), and a voltage difference may be measured. The battery management device 410 (eg, the measuring unit 560 ) includes a DC resistance (or DC internal resistance), AC resistance (or AC internal resistance), and At least one of the voltages may be measured.

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the measuring unit 560 ) may include a DC resistance (or a DC current) between the plurality of battery cells 521 , 522 , and 523 included in the second battery module 520 . At least one of an internal resistance), an AC resistance (or an AC internal resistance), and a voltage difference may be measured. The battery management device 410 (eg, the measurement unit 560 ) includes a DC resistance (or DC internal resistance), an AC resistance (or AC internal resistance), and At least one of the voltages may be measured.

According to an embodiment, the measurement unit 560 is connected to each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 included in each of the battery modules 510 and 520 by wire (or wirelessly) and , information on at least one of a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage of each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 may be acquired through the wired (or wireless). The measurement unit 560 may provide information on at least one of DC resistance, AC resistance, and voltage to the processor 540 .

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may compare at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value corresponding thereto ( S720 ). .

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may compare the DC resistance of each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 with a reference value. The reference value is a DC resistance value for determining whether each cell is in a state in which it can operate normally or in a state in which it cannot operate normally. For example, the reference value may have a certain range.

According to an embodiment, when a plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 are included in one battery module 510 , the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may control the plurality of battery cells. A DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) value is obtained for each of 511 , 512 , and 513 , and a DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) value is obtained for each of the obtained plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , 513 . can be summed In addition, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) calculates a total internal resistance value by adding the DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) values to each of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 . and dividing the calculated total internal resistance by the number of the plurality of battery cells 511 , 512 , and 513 , an average DC resistance (eg, average DC internal resistance) may be calculated.

For example, when the DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) of one cell has a resistance value (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ) within a certain range, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may compare a DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) value measured in each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 with the resistance value (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ).

For example, when the AC resistance (eg, AC internal resistance) of one cell has a resistance value (eg, 0.75 mΩ to 1 mΩ) in a certain range, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may compare an AC resistance (eg, AC internal resistance) value measured in each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 with the resistance value (eg, 0.75 mΩ to 1 mΩ).

For example, when the voltage of one cell has a voltage value in a predetermined range (eg, 46.2V to 56V), the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may each of the cells 511 and 512 . , 513, 521, 522, 523) may be compared with the voltage value (eg, 46.2V to 56V).

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may identify whether each measured value is within a predetermined range compared to a reference value ( S730 ).

According to an embodiment, when the DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) of one cell has a resistance value (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ) within a certain range, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) )) indicates that the DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) value measured in each cell (511, 512, 513, 521, 522, 523) is within a certain range (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ) of the resistance value (eg: It can be identified whether it is included (eg, 1.35 mΩ to 2.2 mΩ) or not included (eg, less than 1.35 mΩ, or greater than 2.2 mΩ) within 90% to 110% of the resistance value.

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) has a DC resistance (eg, DC internal resistance) measured in each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 . It may be identified whether the value is within the range of the resistance value (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ).

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) measures AC resistance (eg, AC internal resistance) measured in each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 . It may be identified whether the value is within the range of the resistance value (eg, 1.5 mΩ to 2 mΩ).

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) measures the voltage measured by each of the cells 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , and 523 and the voltage value (eg, 46.2 ). It can be identified whether the difference between V to 56V) is within a predetermined voltage value (eg, 50mV).

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may determine that the plurality of battery cells are normal ( S740 ). When a difference between at least one of the DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is included in a predetermined range, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) is configured to set at least one battery It may be determined that a plurality of battery cells included in the module are normal. When it is determined that the plurality of battery cells included in at least one battery module are normal, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may supply power to an external device (eg, a base station).

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may determine that a plurality of battery cells are abnormal ( S750 ). If a difference between at least one of the DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is not included in a predetermined range, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may detect the at least one It may be determined that the plurality of battery cells included in the battery module of . In addition, the processor 540 may identify at least one battery cell determined to be abnormal among the plurality of battery cells through the identifier of each battery cell.

According to an embodiment, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) may notify that a plurality of battery cells are abnormal ( S760 ). If the difference between at least one of the DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and the reference value corresponding thereto is not included in the predetermined range, the battery management device 410 (eg, the processor 540 ) is configured to set the predetermined range. A message or a signal indicating that at least one battery cell not included in the battery cell is abnormal may be output through the communication unit 552 .

Each step in each of the above-described flowcharts may be operated regardless of the illustrated order, or may be performed simultaneously. In addition, at least one component of the present invention and at least one operation performed by the at least one component may be implemented in hardware and/or software.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed in this specification, and various methods can be obtained by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. It is obvious that variations can be made. In addition, although the effects according to the configuration of the present invention have not been explicitly described and described while describing the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the effects predictable by the configuration should also be recognized.

410: battery management unit 413: DC/DC converter
414: battery unit 510: first battery module
520: second battery module 530: power supply
531: battery management system 540: processor
560: measurement unit

Claims (10)

A battery management device comprising:
a battery unit including at least one battery module;
a measuring unit measuring a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of the at least one battery module;
It includes a processor electrically connected to the battery unit and the measurement unit,
The processor is
comparing at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value corresponding thereto,
Identifies whether a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is within a certain range,
When the difference is within the predetermined range, the battery management apparatus is configured to determine that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are normal.
According to claim 1,
The processor is
comparing the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with reference values for each,
Identifies whether the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference are within a certain range of a reference value for each,
Battery management set to determine that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are normal when the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference are all within a predetermined range compared to the respective reference values Device.
According to claim 1,
The processor is
Identifies whether the measured DC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of the first reference value,
Identifies whether the measured AC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a second reference value,
A battery management device configured to identify whether the measured voltage difference is within 50 mV.
4. The method of claim 3,
The first reference value is an average DC resistance value obtained by dividing the total DC resistance by summing the DC resistances of each of the plurality of cells by the number of the plurality of cells,
The second reference value is an average AC resistance value obtained by dividing the average DC resistance value by two.
According to claim 1,
The processor is
If the difference is not included in the predetermined range, it is determined that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are not normal,
A battery management apparatus configured to identify at least one battery cell determined to be abnormal among the plurality of battery cells.
6. The method of claim 5,
It further comprises a communication interface unit,
The processor is
A battery management device configured to transmit a signal indicating that the identified at least one battery cell is not normal through the communication interface unit.
In the battery management method,
measuring a DC resistance, an AC resistance, and a voltage difference with respect to a plurality of battery cells included in each of the at least one battery module;
comparing at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference with a reference value corresponding thereto;
identifying whether a difference between at least one of the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference and a reference value corresponding thereto is within a predetermined range; and
and determining that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are normal when the difference is within the predetermined range.
8. The method of claim 7,
The process of determining that the plurality of battery cells are normal,
and determining that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are normal when the measured DC resistance, the AC resistance, and the voltage difference are all within a predetermined range compared to a reference value for each How to care for your battery.
8. The method of claim 7,
The process of identifying whether the difference with the reference value is within a certain range is,
identifying whether the measured DC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a first reference value;
identifying whether the measured AC resistance is included in 90% to 110% of a second reference value; and
and identifying whether the measured voltage difference is within 50 mV.
8. The method of claim 7,
The process of determining that the plurality of battery cells are normal,
determining that the plurality of battery cells included in the at least one battery module are not normal when the difference is not within the predetermined range; and
and identifying at least one battery cell determined to be abnormal among the plurality of battery cells.

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